On-Road Real time Vehicle Emission CO level threshold

inspection with Email alert

Introduction:
The project aims in testing the carbon emissions by a moving vehicle. As
we know that though the entire automobile manufactures claim that the vehicles
are CO emission free, there are many bugs which wont be exposed by the
companies. Unless the testing of the moving vehicle is done now and then the
status of emission will not be known. As an example we can consider the recent
situation in Volkswagen, where millions of cars had exceeded the vehicle
emission due to a software bug while manufacturing.
So keeping such discrepancies in mind it was found that it would be apt to
check randomly the emissions of any moving vehicle. This can be done at some
particular traffic junctions automatically.

Description:
We have two modules to demonstrate the project.
One is embedded on the vehicle and second one a RSU Remote sensing unit
in the traffic junction.
Module 1 : Here an onboard unit on vehicle is implemented with a RENESAS
Microcontroller interfaced to
a. A carbon sensor to collect the carbon emission level of the moving
vehicle.
b. A pressure sensor to detect the pressure level of the emitted gas.
c. An Alpha Numeric Display (ALCD) keeps displaying the status.

d. Zigbee Trasmitter to transmit the data to the RSU attached to the traffic
signal.
e. GPRS This provides messaging service to the server.
All the sensors data is processed by the microcontroller and when the
required threshold is crossed, the zigbee transmitter is activated to pass
on the data to the RSU. Also the GPRS sends the lat-long information of
the vehicle to the microcontroller and this also with transmitted via
Zigbee to the RSU. This helps in tracking the position of the moving
polluting vehicle.
ALCD keeps displaying the status and messages.
Module 2 : RSU Remote sensing unit is a Microcontroller based unit
attached at the traffic junctions and is interfaced to
a. Zigbee receiver to receive the data sent by the vehicles.
b. ALCD To display necessary information.
RSU is also interfaced to an Android based Server. After receiving the necessary
info like the exceeded carbon level , GPRS position etc., of the polluting vehicle
via ZIgbee Receiver, the microcontroller displays alert messages and interfaces
with an Android server which maintains a database of the all the registered
vehicles.
An alert SMS will be sent through the Android server to the android based
handset of the registered vehicles owner to reduce the CO emission level.

Block Diagram:
ON the Vehicle
ALCD
(DISPLAY)

Pressure
sensor

RENESA
S
Controll
er

Zigbee
Transceiv
er

CO
sensor

RSU

ALCD

Zigbee
Transceiv
er

Android

Software:
1. Cube suite+

RENESAS
Controller

GPRS
Unit

WEB
Server

2. Renesas flash programmer

3.
Hardware:
1.
2.
3.
4.

OrCAD
RENESAS RL78 Microcontroller
ALCD
CO sensor
Zigbee

Advantages:
Irrespective of any manufacturer who claims to have controlled CO emissions
level of the vehicle, the emission level in its working condition on road can be
detected easily.
A VANET ie., A vehicle area network is thus formed when speaking in terms of
wireless communication.
Disadvantages:
There are chances of missing the data in dense traffic situation.
The server needs to be regularly updated without missing records.
Future scope:
With a better Server a VANET can be implemented in a city or town.
The server data can be used for various crime analysis also apart from just
emission level checking.

References:
VANET
Journal on Intelligent Traffic Signal Control System Using Embedded
System by Innovative Systems Design and Engineering
ISSN 2222-1727 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2871 (Online)
Vol 3, No 5, 2012
Article on Forecasting carbon monoxide concentrations near a sheltered
intersection

using

video

traffic

surveillance

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1361920996000028

in