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S WAH I L I -E N G L I S H
DICTIONARY"
A. C. MAD AN, M. A.
STUDENT OF CHRIST CHURCH, OXFORD
OXFORD
AT T H E C LA R E N D O N P RE S S
Dept, of
Anthropology
tkhjWdr
THIS Dictionary is an attempt to bring together in a convenient
form materials for the study of the language most widely known
throughout East and Central Africa, and to combine them in the
light of a long, though in various ways limited, experience.
,
PREFACE
PREFACE
10
PREFACE
PREFACE
11
12
PREFACE
A. C. MADAN.
INTRODUCTION
TO THE USE OF THIS DICTIONARY
To find words and ascertain their meanings in a dictionary too
limited in size to allow a full enumeration of either, attention is
needed to the following directions.
i. To find words.
All Swahili verbs, many nouns and adjectives, and some particles
vary at the beginning, and will not commonly be found under the
PREFACE
13
letter (sound) which comes first. As a rule, verbs and adjectives are to
be looked for under the first letter of the root, and nouns under the
form of the singular number. The variable formative elements, as
distinct from the radical, ^re called in this Dictionary prefixes (pfx.),
and for convenience prefix is often arbitrarily used to include infix,
and affix or suffix. Prefixes are usually agglutinative elements, but
some have a limited use as independent words. A glance at the
Tabular Conspectus of the noun and yerb which follows the
Introduction will be practically sufficient, with a knowledge of the
elements of the simple Swahili Grammar, to enable the root to be
distinguished. Thus:
(a ) A Noun beginning with w am i - t vi-t riy-, ma-, which are
common plural prefixes, may be looked for under the corresponding
singular form.
Obs. The declension of each noun (which colours grammatically
the whole of a Swahili sentence) is as a rule shown by
placing immediately after it the plural prefix in brackets. This
method sufficiently distinguishes declensions i to 5. Declension 6
does not change in the plural, and is shown by the absence of a
prefix following, or by (). Nouns of declension 8 should be
looked for under the letter following ku, i. e. the verb from which
they are in almost all cases formed. The declensions are
commonly referred to as D 1 (S), i.e. First Declension Singular
Number, D 1 (P), i.e. First Declension Plural Number, D 2 (S), D 2
(P), and so on.
(&) An adjective beginning with any one of the common
adjectival prefixes (see Conspectus II ( c )) may be looked for
under the letter (sound) following it. Variable adjectives are
written with a (-) before the root, e. g. -ema, and the more
important variations of forms corresponding to different declensions are appended to each.
14
PREFACE
INTRODUCTION
15
INTRODUCTION
18
lift,
tn
Sing.
**3
s
si*
h ^ Jh ? o
1.
.S-S^S-S
2.
ha
fr'w - *
*^a
ni, n
a, w 3a,kt,
1. ku
1.
la, tw
2.
m, mw
7,
*35!
w.
li
'5
A.O
Pi
Sing.
Plur.
H-S
1. ni
2.
ku
V m, mw.
li, pa, ku
Piur.
1. tu, tw
(*)
i'
.3
0)e(l)i z, sh
PEND
(lave)
e8
{
*5
y
n, 0
(a)n
wa
.25
.3
3. wa.
1
f
2.
pa, ka
i, zi, vi,
ya,
pa,
ku
Pres.
Indef.
10
MOCK
vX)
A. a
Voice
21
4155
AFFIXES.
ROOT.
PREFIXES.
&c
ka
Pres. Def.
na
Fut.
Condit.
nga
ngah
Dt/trred
ja
Preter.
Pret. Neg.
li
Narral.
V|
ta (-ka)
Pres. Per/.
me
R *
ka
\f
ml
Ha
o, ye, yo. zo
cho, vyo,
lo, po, ko,
mo
22
u
II. CONSPECTUS OF
Illustrating the usual Prefixes which distinguish the various Declensions and
Numbers, and also the chief Verbal and Adjectival Prefixes and Pronoun;
Forms corresponding to each. There is no distinction of Gender in Swahili
Nouns.
DECLEN
1.
2.
NOUN
(a)
Sing, m
Plur. wa
ROOT.
0)
(eg-)}*
ADJECTIVAL PRONOUN.
(c)
m, mw
wa, w
VERBAL PREFIX.
huyu, yule
hawa, wao
(e)
i st. 2nd.
3rd.
Siag S
e.g. (a,
3.
Sing, ki
Plur. vi
(tree)
this,
{eg)}* ,
Sing. Subj. J k. ch
(thing)
e.g. (a, b) ki
4.
izuri, pretty,
hiki, this, (e
chapendeza, it pleases.
P!ur S,
- gij.\ ^
wachukiza, it disgusts.
XVli
NOUN
()
Sing.
Mur. ma
ROOT.
ADJECTIVAL
(4)
(c)
(e.g.) kasha
(box)
ra a, m
kubwa, large
PRONOUN.
VERBAL PREFIX.
(<t)
hili, lile haya,
yale
to
MurSu
o%} ya e) latosha, it
suffices.
eg. (a, 6)
Sing.
Piur.
casha, box,
7.
sing s
' $j.\ *.
euphonic
variants) (d) hit, this,
Plur. Sub/.
.
* g- (a, b) V azi, work, (c)
(e
ngumu, hard,
Sing.
mahali
pa, p
hapa, pale
Sing. Sub/. \
Pfur.
(Place) (only
noun in this
Plur. Sujj. | P*
declension.)
ihali, place,
pembamba, nt irrow, (d) hap a, this, (e) pafaa, it suits.
e.g. (a, b) (c)
8.
Sing.
Mur.
(eg.) kafa
(dying)
ku, kw
kufa, dying, (
c) kutukufu,orious,
(d)tu, this, (e) kwasifiwa,
gi it is pr hul aised.
6.
eg. (a,
b)
(with
haku, kale
Sing. Subj \
Mur.sJjjj.^ k' k*
ABBREVIATIONS
EASILY recognized abbreviations are used for the common grammatical names of
parts of speech and their varietiesconjugations, moods, tenses, &c.
ABBREVIATIONS
25
obs. observe.
pron. = pronoun.
pronom. = pronominal or possessiveof adjectives, &c.
A S WAH I L I - E N G L I S H
DICTIONARY
(Words marked * appear not to be of Bantu origin.)
( 1 ) As an interjection, whose
meaning depends on the mode of
A represents generally the utterance and intonation. Thus :
broad sound of a in father. It also
( a ) At or Ah! or Ahh! expresses
includes (chiefly in non-accented
syllables) the lighter sound of a in simply wonder, pleasure, pain,
* man. And there is a grief, &c.
modification of it which is noted
) A-aa or A-haa (also A-hce
under certain words of Arabic and( bEhee
sounds distinct,
origin, being heard and written with rising)the
intonation, and stress
sometimes as c. See Elfu, Hewa, on the last, yes,
just so, exactly, I
and E.
understand,
i.
e.
assent,
A is far the commonest vowel affirmation.
sound in Swahili, and with the
(c) Aa-a or A-a-athe sounds
consonants k and m gives a distinct,
falling intonation,
distinct phonetic colour to the and stresswith
the first, no, oh no,
spoken language as a whole. not so, 'byon
no means, i. e. dissent
Though comparatively rare as an and negation.
initial sound of Bantu roots, it is
the regular terminal sound of most
( 2 ) As a preposition, but
Swahili verb-forms, appears in only.occasionally
or
many of the formative prefixes of shortened form asofa slurred
the verb, in the plural prefixes of prepositional wa, ya, See.,theafterfulla
two declensions, and in most of vowel preceding. (See below.)
the common conjunctions and
prepositions.
( 3 ) Not (like the other personal
prefixes, ni, u, tu, ///, wa) as a verbAa is used to represent a long a form (he, she) is, its place being
sound, which usually indicates (i) taken sometimes by yu, otherwise
in the case of Bantu words, a by the general verb-form ni, e.g.
really double syllable with an / or mfalrnc yu (or ni) tnwema, the king is
r sound slurred or elided between good.
the a s; (2) in the case of Arabic
words, the Bantu effort to express
A in verb-formation is :
the sounds of Alif, Ain, or
combinations of them.
( 1 ) The Pers. lfx. of 3
Sing, in all Tenses, agreeing with
D 1 (S), e. g. a- tapenda, he will
A as a simple uncoinbincd love.
sound is used:
( 2 ) The Tense Pfx. of Pres.
A.
follotvcd by , disappears
regularly in ha, ma, wa, pa,
sometimes in a, tia, ta, never in the
Ncg. Pfx. ha, e.g. akntda (a- kaenda), and he went, ptup* (pa> cupc),
( 3 ) Part of one form of the Past a white place; (2) when followed
Tense Pfx. ali (otherwise /1 only), by 1, coalesces with it to form e,
e.g. nalifttida (u-a/i-ptuda, otherwise
e.g. ak<ta (ada-ita), and he called,
ni-li-psttda), I loved.
west (wa-izi), thieves, mengi (tnaingi),
N. A in Prefixes, (1) when
many
.- A D I L I F U morals,
morality. a. right,
righteous, just. Hukumu
a., a right judgement. Mfalme a., a
just king. v. behave rightly, act
morally. Cs. adiI-iskai-ishwa,\.ta.dL
right conduct to, give a moral
training to. (Ar. Cf. -adilifu, and
contr. adibu, adabu.)
AGIZO
syn. kasumba'.)
*Afiuni,
n. opium.
(Ar. * Cf.
A I T H A rae
AQUA
nt;
(a)
commission for executing orders,
fee. (Cf. aga, agano.)
Agua, v. predict, foretell, prophesy, divine, presage. Ps. aguliwa. Nt. agulika. Ap. agu-lin, -liwd,
-lika. Cs. agu-za, -zwa, and In tens.
Bao la kuagulia, a divining board.
(Cf. mwaguzi, maagusi, and for
various kinds of divination, bao,
ramli,feli.)
hah.
n.
(),relations,
kindred,
kinsman.
Used
comprehensively, and often in
contrast with near relatives. Wazce
na ndugu na a., parents, brothers,
and relations. Kdugu na a., brothers
and (other) kinsmen. Mtu katika a.
take, one of his relations. (Ar. Cf.
akrabajamaa, utani, ukoo.)
end,
the
last stage;
(a) esp. the
next world, fature life,
last day, grave (as end
of present life). Toka
await hatta aheri, from
first to last, from
beginning to end. (Syn.
(Ar. Cf. ahiri, and syn. B. mwisho, be disgraced, &c. Cs. aib-isha,
kikonw, end, and kuzimu, spirit -ishwa, disgrace, bring dishonour,
world.)
&c. on. (Ar. Cf. syn. fethehay hay
a. and contr. heshima.)
*Ahi, n. SeeAkhi.
*Ahsante,
and
Aiiasanta,
As&nt, used as an expression of
thanks and gratitude, thank you,
you are very kind.' (Ar. = * you
have done well, cf. hisani. Usually
a
kindness
or
gift
is
acknowledged, if at all, by vema%
or ttgema, it is well, good.)
Aibu, n. (that which is a) disgrace, shame, scandal, reproach; *Aitha, conj. further, moreover,
infamy, dishonour, shame. v. next, then. (Arab. Cf. kathalika,
(Pr. not used). Ap. aib-ia, -iwa, -ika,
be put to shame, be dishonoured, fhama, and common testa.
AJABU
AKILI
prefixed ?)
AJABU
state, e. g.AKILI
simama, be standing,
tuama, settle down, kingama, lie
across, and sometimes combined
with Rp. termination, -na, i.e.
-mana,t.g. fungamana.
Amali, n. (1) action, act, thing
done; (2) practice, occupation,
business. Mtu wa a., a man of
action, an energetic practical man.
A. yoke kutega mitego, his business
was trapping. (Ar., plur. of ami. Cf.
B. teiulo, mtendaji.)
Amana, n. pledge, deposit,
thing entrusted. Weka a., make a
deposit, pledge. (Ar. Cf. amini,
amani, ? imam.)
Amani, n. peace, safety,
security, confidence, trust. Amani?
Is it peace ? Is all qniet ?a
common inquiry on meeting in a
journey. (Ar. Cf. amini.)
Amba, v. speak against,
denounce, slander, abuse. Ps.
ambwa. Only the Pr. form in this
sense. Ap. ambia, -iwa, the common
word for say to, speak to. See
Ambia. Amba is used, but not
commonly in Z., (1) with Rel. Pfx.
added, in the sense of a simple Rel.
Pron. who, which, being followed
by a finite verb, sometimes with a
kwamba
inserted
between,
sometimes with the verb itself in
the Relative form, e. g. Vyakula
ambavyo havimo katika ulimwengu,
AMU A
Swahili, and in other B.
dialects. Cf. jambo, \.t. ji-ambo.)
Amba. v. for Wamba, which
see.
Ambaa, v. means passing
near to, bnt without actual
contact, and has various shades
of meaning, according as such
contact is or is not desirable,
(i) pass bjr, pass along, pass
without touching (without
affecting); (a) avoid contact
with, escape, not to salute
(recognize, hurt, &c.); (3) miss
contact with, fail to see (salute,
recognize).
A.pwani(or,
napwani), coast along, hug the
shore. A. na maovu, escape evil.
Afaoznt- yakit- arnbae, may evil
not touch you. Nali- mwambaa, I
avoided seeing him (cut him),
or, I failed to see him. Derivatives seem rare. Cs. ambaza,
cause to pass near. A mbaza
chombo na pwatti, coast along
the shore. (Cf. mwa- mbao, and
perh. for close juxtaposition
and contact, ambo, ambisha,
11
ANDAMA
isha, *ishwa. Rp. ant bat-ana, -anisha, &c. Mbatt rnbili hizi zimeambalana, haziambuliki, these two
ing say to, report to, tell to, inform by word of mouth, speak to
always with an objective prefix,
and
the
words
of
the
communication
expressed
or
implied. Not used for talk to,
converse with. Often followed by
kama, ya kuwa, ya kwa- mba, that,
with Oblique or Direct narration.
Akamwambia, njoo ukalc, and he said
to him, Come and eat. Ps. ambiwa,
e. g. asiycjua maana, haambiwi
ambika,
wambiso,
ambuka, maana, he who does not know the
ambata, &c.)
meaning, will not be told it. Ap.
amb-i/ia, -iliwa, -ilika, Mtu wa
*Ambari, n. ambergris, kttambilika, an affable, courteous,
found at times off the east meek
person.
Mtolp
huytt
coast of Africa. (Ar.)
.
haatnbiliki, this child cannot bear
being spoken to. Cs. amb-iana.
Ambata, v. be close to, come Nyote ambianeni, all of you tell each
in contact with, stick (to), other. (Strictly the Ap. form of
adhere (to), be attached (to), Amba, which see. Cf. sema, nena.)
cling, clasp. Ps. ambatwa. Nt.
ambatika. A. inchi {na inchi,
Ambika, v. be brought into conkalika inchi), come close to tact, hold together, be firm (tight,
(strike on, cohere with) the coherent). (Cf. ambaa, and follg.)
ground. Mayayi yarncambata
kikangoni, the eggs have stuck
Ambisha, v. and Ambisa, cause
to the frying-pan. Jit a to be in contact, bring (force) tolinaambata kalika inchi, the sun gether, make cohere. Rp. ambibeats fiercely on the ground. sharta, e. g. Intens. of things
Moto uliniambata, the heat cohering or cemented together.
scorched
me.
/'inibo
(Cf.
n.
fidelity,
carry contagion to, be trustworthiness, honesty, integrity,
contagious/ peeling of faithfulness. (Cf. uamini, uaminifu.')
the skin being an a. and -amini, faithful, honest,
obvious effect of some trustworthy, &c. Cf. -aminifu. (Ar.
diseases. (Cf.. follg. and Cf. amana, imani.)
ambaa, ambua, &c.)
-aminifu, a. same as Amini, a.
Ambukizo, n. (ma-), infection, (Ar. Cf. uaminifui)
that which causes infection. (Cf.
Amiri, n. (;ma-), commander,
prec.)
leader, officer, esp. of soldiers.
Amdelh&n, n. a particular (Arab. Cf. amri, amuru, and syn.
fabric of fine silky texture. (? akida.)
Hind, see nguo.)
Amka, v. also Amuka, awake,
Amerikani, n. {ma-, wa-) and rouse oneself, rise up from sleep,
a., (i) America, (2) American. Ma- regain
life
(consciousness,
futa Am., common petroleum for strength, &c.). Ap. amk-ia, -iwa, (1)
lamps, stoves, &c. Nguo Am., wake up at (in, for, &c.), (2) in
ambaa,
wambiso.)
and
follg.
AMU A
11
judged
ANDAMA
AMU A
Andamano, n.
following
mwandiki, mwandikaji,
mwa11
ANDAMA
ndishi,
uandiski, &c. Cf. also andaa, and
AMU A
angaa, anga, and syn. falhaika, surnbuka. taharuki.)
11
ANDAMA
sharp eye on your property; (3) remain awake, keep watch at night.
Nimeattgaza vsiku kucha nisi laic, 1
have kept awake the whole night
without sleeping; (4) fig. open the
eyes of, enlighten, instruct. Ps.
ang- azwa. Ap. ang-azia, -asiwa,
-azika, e.g. kwani, kuniangazia macho l
Why look so intently at me? Cs. angazisha, ishwa. Rp. anga- zana. (Cs. of
(angaa) ng'aa, also Intens., cf. anga,
angalia, tigaa, mwangaza, -angafu,
&c. And cf. syn. common in Z., (1) kaza
macho, kodoa, gaze, stare; (2) mulika,
give light; (3) kesha, keep awake, and kaa
macho.)
Angika, v. hang up, hang, suspend, esp.
against a wail on a peg or hook or on a
branch. Ps. angihva. Ap. attg-ikia,
-ikiwa, -ikika. Cs. ang-ikisha, -ikishwa.
(Cf. angama, angua, chatigo, i.e. kiango, mwango, ? anga. Also syn.
tungika, tundika, both Nt. forms with act.
meaning, as anika,funika, &c.)
Angama, v. be in mid-air, be
suspended, hang. A. mnazimi, be
left hanging in a cocoanut tree.
A.juuya mli, be caught in the
boughs of a tree, when felling. (A
-angu, a. of pron. 1 Pers. S., my, mine, of
St. form, cf. Nt. angika, and Rv. me. (Cf. -akc for Pfx., and use of mi mi,
angua, and poss. atiga. Also follg.) tnwcnycxuc for emphasis.)
Angua, v. (1) let fall, drop, take down,
Angamia, v. be ruined, be lost,
be utterly undone, perish. IValu throw down, e.g. fruit from trees; (2) let out
wengi wameangamia vitani, many suddenly, utter, vent, e.g. a. embe (nazi,
perished in war. A. mwituni, be lost &c.), throw down mangoes (cocoanuts, &c.).
(perish) in the forest. Nt. (seldom) Sul/ani akaangua kilio, the Sultan gave
angamika,
e.g.
Mali
yangu vent to a cry. Also (3) hatch, e.g. a. mayai,
imeangamika, my property is hatch eggs, a. waana, hatch out young
ruined. Cs. attgamiza, -izwa, ruin, birds (not lay, which is zaa, taga). Ps.
spoil, destroy. (Apparently Ap. of anguliwa. Nt. aitguka, which see. Ap.
au- gama, which see, with angu-lia, -liwa, -lika. Cs. angtt-sha,
generalized
meaning;
cf. -shwa, -shia, -shizva, often intens., e.g.
uangamizi.)
the lamp gives light to the whole Anguka, v. (1) fell, fall down, drop, have a
house; (2) look intently (at), fix
attention (on), sometimes with downward movement (direction, tendency);
macho, e.g. angaza macho, keep the (2) fig. meet with disaster, be ruined ; (3)
eyes open (lit. make the eyes happen, befell, fell out. Ap. anguk-ia,
bright). Angaza rnali yako, keep a -iwa, (1) fell down into (on, before, &c.);
ANGUKO
14
APA
&c.)
*Ania, v. intend, resolve, set the
mind on, desire. No deriv.
common. (Arab. Cf. syn. Kusudia,
azimu, and B. taka. Nia seems a
different word.)
Anika, v. set out. to dry, expose
to sun (or air), air* dry. A. nguo
(inchele, &c.), dry clothes (rice,
&c.). Ps. attikwa. Ap. anikia, -iwa,
dry for (at, with, &c.).
Kamba
ya kuanikia ngtio, a clothes-line. Cs.
anik-isha, -ishwa. (Cf. anua, and
syn. kausha'.)
(Cf.
uapo,
kiapo, apiso.)
Api or (attached to a word ending with opp. to bahari, sea; ulaya and
-a) -pi, same as wapi, where ? (which "arilaya, of territorial divisions;
inchi, the common B. syn.)
see).
Apizo. n. (w<z-), cnrse, imprecation.
(Cf. apk, and syn. laatta.')
ANGUKO
14
APA
Assubuhi, n. also Subuhi, Ussu*Ashiki, v. have a passion for, bui, morning (in general), time of
be enamoured of, be in love with. morning, earlier part of the day. As
(Arab. Cf. shauko.)
adv., in the morning, and often
emphasized by na mapevta. Njoo
Ashiria, v. Ap. make signs to assubuhi na tnapema, come in the
(with, for, &c.), signal (to), morning early. (Ar. with Article
indicate by signs (to). Ps. ashiriwa. prefixed. Cf. sabalkheri, and ala(Ar. Cf. ishara, and B. syn. onya, siri, alfajiri, athuuri and B. kuc/uz.)
onyesha.)
*Asusa, n. something sweet or
*Asi, v. rebel (against), pleasant, used to correct an undisobey, mutiny, neglect duty pleasant taste or effect, e.g.
(towards), quarrel (with). A si something taken and chewed after
Miiungu (nifalme, mke), fail in duty a drinking bout, a corrective,
towards God (king, wife). Ps. comfort, reliefi (Ar. Cf. faraja.)
asiwa. Ap. asi-a, -wa, -ka, rebel
against (at, on account of, &c.).
-ata, a verbal formative
Cs. asisha, -shwa, cause to rebel, termination, seeming to convey an
abet in disobedience, &c. Asisha idea of close contact, holding
mume na mke, make a man quarrel firmly,clasping, compressing. Cf.
with his wife. a. (also -asi), ambata, kamata.
rebellious, quarrelsome, undutiful.
(Ar. Cf. uasi, maasi, halifu.)
Atamia, v. sometimes tamia, ?
otamia, sit on eggs, brood (of a
*Asikari, n. (, wta-, and via-) hen). Cs. atamisha mayai, put eggs
and Askari, soldier, policeman, under a hen, get a hen to sit on
guard,
armed
attendant. eggs. (An Ap. verb-form, ?a
Andika (tia,
variant of otama, sit on the heels,
squat on the ground.)
*Athabu,
n.
punishment,
torture, chastisement, correction.
Tia a. kali, punish severely. (Ar. Cf.
athibuy and dist. adabu, good behaviour.)
*Athama, n. (1) greatness, gran*Athima, n. a charm, spell, indeur, glory, exaltation; (2) (also cantation, e. g. against evil spirits,
azama), nose-ring. (Arab. Cf. a- to bring back runaway slaves, &c.
thiviUy and B. utukufu, ukuu.)
(Arab. Cf. follg. and talasimu,
hiriziy dawal)
ATHINI
17
ATARI
miwa. Nt. athimika. Ap. athim- ia, by, &c.). Vipandt vya kuaulia,
-iwa, -ika. .Si'Aw ya kuathimika, a day surveying instruments. Cs. au-sha,
to be kept (celebrated), a me* morable day. e. g. cause (employ, send) to
Cs. at hi mis ha, cause to honour (be survey, show about, show the
honoured), and intens., honour highly. (Arab. sights of. (Cf. kagua, angalia,
Ct athama, and B. syn. tukuza.)
tazapiia. Aua is sometimes used for
Athini v. call to public prayers, of the
muezzin, according to Ma- hommedan
universal custom. Uki- sikia mwathini
akiathini, njoo, when you hear the
muezzin calling to prayers, come. (Arab. Cf.
mivathini, athana. In Z. the call is usu.
from the steps at the door of the Mosque, or
from the roof, as only one mosque has a
minaret, and many are only thatched
houses.)
*Athuuri, n. noon, midday, one of the
regular Mahommedan hours of prayer. (Ar.,
with Article prefixed. Cf. alasiri,
assubuhi, &c., and B. syn. jua kichwani,
jua kati, saa sit a tnchana.)
*Atia, n. also Hatia, present, free gift, finish. Awali Muunpi, Here goes I
and as adv. gratis, as a gift, for nothing. Vitu Heres for luck!a workmans
hivi antempa mtoto wake atia. these rejoinder to the overseers call
things he has given to his child as a free gift. Kazil Work hard, or Jcmbcl Dig
(Arab., one of the less common words for away. (Ar. for common B. mwapresent. Cf. bakshishi, zawadj, and nzo, kwanza.)
notes. In the form hatia, A represents Ain.)
Atua, v. split, crack, c.g. of split-* ting
logs for firewood. Nt. atuka. Inchi
imeatuka kwa jua, the ground is cracked
by the heat of the sun. (Cf. chanja, pasua,
tema.)
poro- moka.
0
ukorojii)
ATHINI
Baada
ya
salaam
nakuarifu, after good
17
ATARI
Sec.)
BAFE
a sion,
i.
20
BAINI
Cbombo. (?IIind.)
there is no
knowing as yet. Vita b.
kwisha, the war is not yet
over. Bwana b. kuam'ka,
my master is not yet
awake. B. analala, he is
still asleep. B. -ngine, still
(yet) another. B. kidogo,
yet (still) a little,
expressions
denoting
gift
from
*Baini, v. and Bayini, (1) see different points of view will be found in this
clearly,
know,
distinguish, Dictionary. Some are of a general kind, e.g.
recognize;
aJa, atia, karama, oakshishi, majazi,
tha- wabu, sawadi, kipaji, kipawa, he( 2 ) make clear, prove, show; daya, tuto (tuza, tunzo)t others of
(3) be clear, be manifest,
special character, for various
be plainly shown,
occasions
of
charity,
affection,
this sense more usual with the Nt. bainika. congratulation,
Ps. bainhva. Mwivi amebainiwa, the bribery, &c., e.g. hiba, kumbuthief has been detected. Nt. bainika, be
shown, be made clear. Ap. bain-ia, -iwa,
-ika}.-ikia,-ikana.
Cs.
bain-isha,
-ishioa, &c., intens. make very plain,
clearly distinguish, demonstrate. a. and
-bainifu, clear, plain, demonstrable, evident,
well-known, notorious. n. also Baina,
which see. adv. See Beina. (Ar. Cf. bay
others.)
or
from
the
ini, u bairn", bayarta, m bay ana, formation),
immediate effect in view, e.g.
ubayana*and syn. thihiri, wazi.)
kipa mkorto, ki- nyosha mgottgo,
*Bajia, n. a small cake of ground beans kifungna tntango, ami many
Bajuni, n. (nta-), native from coast
north of Mombasa. Sec Mgunya.
Baki, v. remain over, be left, stay
behind. Ap. baki-a, -iwa, remain over to
(for, in, &c.). Walibakiwa ntali, they had
property remaining over to them. Cs. bakisha, -shwa, -shia, or bakiza, leave
behind, cause to remain. Rp. bakiana, of
several persons or things, remain behind all
together (by consent). n. (, and nta-,
also bakia (nta-) and -o),
(i)
also
Sec
Balanga, n. a disease
producing
light-coloured
patches on a dark skin, ? a form
of leprosy.
BAFE
20
BAINI
Bandari, n. harbour,
anchorage, roadstead, port. B.
ni mahali pa pwani ivatu
washukapo, a bandaH is a place
BAFE
20
BAINI
batta.)
( 3 ) members of a council,
tabinet, committee. (Ar.
Cf. bart'zi.)
BANJA
23
for fennel ?)
BABIKI
ubau.)
and
make,
with
two
flukes
tna-),
piles,
BANJA
23
BABIKI
mchuruzi.)
BEBEBA
26
e. expectorated matter.)
BI
BEBEBA
26
BI
common B. mwana.)
*Binadamu, n. member of
human race, human being, man.
Hence kibinadamu, of a human
kind, human, natural to man, and
ubinadamu,
human
nature,
humanity. (Ar. bin Adamu. Cf. B.
mtu.)
*JBilingani, n. (ma-), and Bilinganya (ma-j, a dark purple vege*Bini, v. =Buni, which see.
table of the tomato kind, fruit of (Ar.)
the Mbilingani (which see),
. *Binti, n. daughter, young
sometimes called mad apple.
lady. When followed by the
Bilisi, n. (wo-), devil, the fathers
name,
without
devil, Satan. (Arab, for common preposition, forms the usual
shetani. Cf. ubilisi.)
designation of all women in
Zanzibar except of the lowest
Bilula, n. a tap, turncock.
classslaves, beggars, and
freed slaves, e. g. binti AH, binti
*Bima, n. -insurance against Abdallah, binti Stilemani. Not used
loss, accidents, &c. Lipa b., toa b., by itself in address, except in a
pay (effect) insurance of goods in familiar way to young persons;
commerce. Fanya masliarti ya b., my daughter. (Ar. Cf. bin, and
draw up a deed of insurance.. Also B. syn. mwanai)
as v., insure, effect insurance on.
(Hind.)
*Birika, n. (, and ma~,
according to size), (i) large
*Bin, n. son (of). (Arab, for metal vessel for holding water,
together,
wrangle.
together,
ubiski,
argue
together,
shake
by shaking.
bisho, -bishi,
Bishanya,
mix
(Cf.
nabishanol)
BISHO
BOMOA
nakski.)
brains,
Bonth, n. bridge,rarely
heard. (Cf. Fr. pont, and syn.
daraja, ulalo.)
Bonyea, v. yield to pressure,
give way, sink in, be crushed, e. g.
of soft ground, ripe fruit, &c., and
other inanimate objects.
Nt.
bonyeka.
BISHO
BOMOA
BUBA
SI
BUNDUKI
Kwa Wabuki.
Buka, n. (ma-\ the very large, long-tailed
rat common in town and country, Z. (Baku is
also sometimes used of a book,from the
English. But cf. kilabu, ehuo, msa- ta/u.)
BISHO
up a fusillade. Guns arc described as b.
ya jiwe, or ya gumegume, a flint gun; b.
ya mrao, a matchlock gun ; b.ya
kushindiliwa, ,or ya fa/abi, a muzzle-
BOMOA
BTJRUGA
resign, let off
payment. B. mahari,
not to claim a dowry. Ps. buraiwa.
trade
guns
are
sometimes called bunduki ya kindoro, Ap. bura-ia, -iwa. Cs. buraisha.
(Ar., not common. Cf. syn. samehe,
or ya makoa. (Ar.)
nBUNQAIiA
rithi.)
33
Bupuru, BUBUJI
n. (ma-), an empty shell
*Bura, n.CH
a kind of Muscat
(external case). B. la kichwa, skull. cloth. See Nguo.
(Cl.fuvu.)
together, mix together. (Cf. bo- ronga, mburugo, and koroga, vuruga.)
Buruji, n. fortress, fort, castle. (Arab. Cf. ttgome, boma.)
Burora, v. pull, haul, drag along on the ground. Ps. bururiwa. Nt. bururika. Ap.
burur-ia, -iwa. Cs. burur-isha, ishwa, e. g. bururisha ndoo kisimatti, haul a bucket
up from a well. (Cf. mbururo, and syn. kokota, vuta.)
"BuK ura, n. (i ) good sense, practical wisdom, prudence, sagacity, skill, &c.; (2) plan,
device, stratagem. Leta b., employ a device. (Ar. Qi.akili.)
ufotovu wa mali.)
Buu. n. (wa-), maggot, grub, larva. B. la nyuki, bee grub. //. likamea mbawa, the grub
grew wings. (Cf. Jana.)
Buyu, n. (wa-), fruit of the baobab tree (mbuyu, which see), calabash. The pith is edible,
and the husk is used to draw water with. Hence buyu often means a native bucket, pail.
Btuti, n. (wa-), very large goat, for usual mbuzi. Dim. kibusi.
Bwaga, v. throw off, throw down, relieve oneself of (as to, with). B.
mzigo, tip a load off ones shoulders, throw it on the ground. B. nazi, throw down
cocoanuts (from a tree). B. moyo, rest the mind, be checrea. B. ttirnbo, give a lead in
singing. B. ma/ukano, let off a volley of abuse. Ps. bwagwa. Nt. bwagika. Ap. bwagia, -iwa. /ibwagia moyo, relieve ones mind. Cs. bwag-izat -aza. Tibwagaza, throw
oneself down, sprawl on the ground.
Bwana, n.(, and wa-), used (1) in reference/ master,owner, possessor' of slaves,
house, plantation or other property, and generally great man, dignitary, worthy,
personage; (2) in address, Master, Mr., Sir. Often bwatta mkubzva, to show special
respect, and contr. bwana mdogo of the next in rank, or inferior. Bwana is also used
by women of and to their husbands, and in Z. is a common designation of the Sultan as
supreme. (For the root -ana, cf. mwana, dubwatta.)
Bweta, n. small box, such as a desk, work-box, cash-box, jewel-case, &c. (?Portug.
or French, or Ar. dim. of bet. Cf. syn. kasha, sa- ttduku.)
CH.
C is used only in combination with H, to represent the sound of eh in English or ty, i. e. a
sound between t and eh, as in nature.
CH
( 1 ) OHrepresents
the pfx. ki(which
see)
(a)
regularly
before adjectives (including the
Pronominal)
and
tense-signs
beginning with a vowel,c. g.
kitu ehangu (for ki-angu), my
thing; kisu ehakata{for ki-akata), the knif e cuts; kikao
ehetna eho ehote (f or ki-ema
ki-o
ki-ote),
any
good
dwelling
whatever;
(b)
sometimes before other than
adjectival roots beginning with
a vow el, c. g. ehango (for kiango), ehuo (f or ki-uo , a
book; ehombo(Joxki-ombo),a
vessel;
ehumba
(f or
kiumba),
room
in
a
( 2 ) Is a vulgar pronunciation
of ki often heard among the
poorer
class
and
slave
population of Zanzibar, e. g.
cJiitu for kitu, thing; chende for
tende, dates.
( 3 ) In the Zanzibar dialect
often represents a / or ty at
Mombasa, as chupa for tupa,
bottle; chungwa for tungwa,
orange; inchi for nti, country.
( 4 ) Is practically often not
distinguished from sh or j, except
in words where the distinction is
necessary to make the meaning
clear.
Hence words not found under
Cha,
prep,
form of -a (which
see),
agreeing
with D 3 (S), meaning .of, &c.,
e. g. kisu cha chuma, a knife of
iron; chnniba cha bwana, the
masters room ; and with kitu
understood, cha kula, food; cha
kuogea, a bath.
Cha, v. (also kucha in some
forms.
For use of ku before monosyllabic
verb-roots, see Ku-, 1 (</).)
(i)fear, be apprehensive of,
reverence. Not often heard in Z.
except in reference to God.
Kutncha Muungu, to fear God. Ps.
chewa. Jina lako lichewe, may your
name be feared. (Cheka is
usually quite a different word,
which see.) Ap. chea, chelea,
chele- iva, &c. Mchea mwana kulia,
hulia yeye, he who fears for his
childs crying, will cry himself.
Mchelea bahari si msafiri, he who
is nervous about the sea is no
traveller. See also Chelewa. Cs.
chesha. Rp. chana. (These derived
forms must be distinguished
from identical forms with
different meaning, see (2) follg.
Cf. -cha, uchaji, and syn. hofu,
oga,
.Hence
-CHA
85
CHAFUA
songa,funga, lemea.)
Chachu, n. substance producing
fermentation, yeast, leaven, such as
pombe, unga wa mtama. (Cf. chacha,
uchachu.)
Chachuka, v. (1) turn sour, ferment;
(2) foam, froth. IVali ume- chachuka leo,
the rice has gone sour to-day. Bahari
inachachuka, the sea is frothy (yeasty,
churning). (Cf. chacha, chachu.)
Chafl, n. a kind of fish.
Chafu, n. (, and ma-), also heard as
Chavu, and commonly Sham, which see.
-chafu, a. (chafu with D 4 (P), D 5
(S), D 6), dirty, filthy, unclean, impure,
obscene. Nguo chafu chafu, very dirty
clothes. Maneno machafu, obscene
language. (Cf. uchafu, and with milder
meaning chafua, uchafuko. Also syn.
taka, -najisi, and contr. safi, -cupe,
-nathtfu.)
Chafua, v. (1) make dirty, soil, spoil; (a)
make in a mess, disorder, disarrange, disturb ;
(3) of the sea, make rough. Samaki
amcchafua maji, the fish has made the
water muddy. Nyutnba imechafuka, yataka kufagiwa, the house is in a mess, it
wants to be swept. Ps. chafuliwa. Nt.
chafuka. Bahari ilichafuka tatia, the sea
sins very rough. Mamboyamechafukachafuka, affairs are in utter confusion.
Aiicha fttka meyo (tumbo), his stomach
was upset, he was sick. Ap. chafu-lia,
ttwa. AmmicAafulia nguo, ne has
dirtied my clothes for roe. (Cf. uchafu,
-chafu, uchafuko.) a
-CHA
85
CHAFUA
criticize,
cross-
CHAMA
37
CHANGA
CHAMA
37
CHANGA
a.
moist,
attend to, play with a child, help watery,
an invalid.
e. g. muhogo mchege, i. e. not dry
and floury. (Not often in Z. Cf.
chepe chepe.)
Chego,n. (7/20-), also Jego, molar
tooth, back tooth, grinder. (Cf. jino,
and kichego.)
Cheka, v. (1) laugh, smile, grin;
(2) laugh at, mock, ridicule. Tulimcheka sana, we laughed at him
heartily. Ps. chekwa. Nt. chekeka.
Ap. chek-ea, -ewa, also chek-elea,
-elewa, smile, smile at. Cs. chek*
esha, -eshwa, chesha, cause to laugh,
amuse,
excite
ridicule
(amazement). Rp. chekana. (Cf.
cheka, -cheshi, cheza, mchezo.)
Cheko, n. (ma-), a laugh,
laughter. Piga macheko makubwa,
utter roars of laughter. (Cf. cheka,
&c.)
Chelea, v. Ap. from (1) -cha
(which see), set (of the sun). Ju&
linatuchelea, we are caught by sunset, belated ; (2) -cha, fear. Namchelea zaidi ya Sultani, he inspires
more awe in me than the Sultan
does. (Cf. follg. and chelewa,
cheleza.)
CHAPEO
kikapo,
CHELEZA
40
measurement for
beginning the bottom of the
basket,and so settling the size.
Kupita ch., beyond measure,
excessively, liana ch., he is an illbred (low-born) person. Ch. bora
(kikubwa), high rank. (Cf. syn.
chenezo, kipimo ; also daraja, rank.)
cha
containing
kichikichi.
small
nuts
CHIMBUKO
43
CHOKA
chanua.)
(-***
tftchci)
Chiririka, v. alsb Tiririka and
Chururika, flow, trickle, run off, glide,
as water, or a snake. (Cf. tnchilizi, and
tiririka, churuzika, syn. chuza.)
-chirizi, a. ntachozi machirizi,
trickling tears. (Cf. churuzika.)
Cho, -cho, -cho-, a. relat.agreeing with D
3 (S), i. e. ki-o, which. (For relat. see -o.)
together.
Chokaa, n. (i) lime; (2) white
plaster; (3) mortar, i.e. in Z. a
mixture of lime with sand and red
earth. Lime is also used for
chewing with tobacco. See
Tambuu.
Chokea, n. a sty (in the eye).
Choki-choki, n. fruit of the
prickly rind, sweet white pulp, and chonio, mchomo, chomeo, chomoa,
large stone. See Mchokichoki.
chomoza, also mtomo, tomea, &c., in
which t represents ty, ch.)
Choko, n. vyoko, also Chocho,
oven. (See Joko, cf. oka.)
Chombo,
n.
(vy-),
(1)
implement, instrument, utensil,
Chokora, v. and Chokoa, pick tool, piece of furniture, movable,
at, poke, esp. of working at a hard of any kind or description. Vyombo
substance
with
a
pointed includes all personal belongings,
instrument, knife, or finger, e. g. chattels, household apparatus,
clear out a hole, take up weeds. baggage. Chombo cha kufanyia kazi,
Ch. meno, clean the teeth (with a an instrument to work with.
toothpick). See Msuaki. Ps. Vyombo vya seramala, a carpenters
chokolewa. Ap. choko-lea, -lewa, tools. Chukua vyombo vyangu ndani,
kijiti cha hucho- kolea meno, a carry my things indoors. (2) A
toothpick. ? Cs. chokoza, which cooking pot being the most
see. (Cf. choc ha, mchokoo, chokoza, universal and necessary utensil,
and chakura.) n. (ma-), Chombo, by itself, commonly
dependent, follower, hanger-on.
refers to a vessel for containing
something, pot, pan, jug, jar,
Chokoza, v. tease, bully, annoy, cup, but still more universally in
vex. Ps. chokozwa. Ap. chokoz-ea, Z. means (3) a native sailing
-ewa. (Cf. chokora, and syn. vessel, a dhow. In this sense it
sumbua, tesa, uthi.)
includes a number of varieties,
mtepe, betela, batili, bdgala,
Chole, n. a kind of bird, ? a jay. e.g.
bedeni, awesia, ghangi, but is
CHIMBUKO
43
CHOKA
cutting.)
Chonge, n. also ? chongole, a
canine (pointed) tooth, cuspid.
Change za meno, teeth filed to a
point. (Cf. chonga, with pass,
termination -e, and for teeth, jtno.)
chooni wakamwogtsha,
CHOOKO
40
CHOYO
CHOOKO
40
CHOYO
Chubwi, n. a plummet, a
sinker, attached to fishing line
niggardly person. Kuwa na ch., to to assist the cast and sink the bait.
be covetous, to grudge. Lia ch., cry (Cf. bi/di, sounding lead, limazi,
for (disappointed) greediness. carpenters plumb line.)
Also as a., huyti tti ch. sana, he is a
dog in the manger.
(Cf. bahili,
Chuchu, n. (, and ma-), a
small hard protuberance on the
roho, tamaa.)
skin, wart, pimple, small tumour, a
Chozi, n. (ma-), (i) a tear, tear- callosity. Chuchu la ziwa, teat. (Cf.
drop ; (2) anything resembling a sugu.)
tear, gum on trees, &c. Toka {lid)
Chuchumia, v. Ap. reach up
tna- chozi, shed tears. Bubujika
mcuhozi, burst into a flood of tears. (to), stretch up to, as by rising on
or
hind-legs.
Mbuzi
Mcuhozi yalimchuruzika usoni, tears tiptoe
trickled down his face. (Cf. chuza.) anachuchumia, the goat is trying to
get
at
(the
leaves).
(3) One or two species of bird. See
Chosi.
Chui, n. leopard.
Chua, v. sometimes Tua, as at
Chuja, v. (1) filter, strain; (2)
Mombasa, (1) rub, rub down, and
so variously, grind, file, pound, strain out, remove by filtering or
polish; (2) fig. of quarrelling, &c., straining; (3) cleanse, purify. Ch.
jar, rub, make discord. Kuchua si maji yaliyo na taka, filter dirty
kwema, friction is not good. Chua water. Ch. nazi kzva kifumbu kupata
me no, clean the teeth. Chua tui, filter (grated) cocoanut in a bag
mafumba ya unga, xub down the to get the milky extract. Mutingu
lumps in meal. Chua-chua kitwa, achuje taka za moyo wetu, may God
rub (chafe) an aching head. Ap. take away the impurities of our
chu-lia, -liwa, lika. Chtilika tnafuta, heart. Ps. chtijwa. Nt. chujika. Moyo
have oil rubbed in. Jiwe la kuchulia, uliochujika, a purified heart. Ap.
a grindstone. Rp. chuatia, e. g. of chuj-ia, -iwa. Chombo cha kuchujia, a
persons wrestling. (Cf. saga, sugua, filter {?chujio, ma-). Cs. chuj- isha,
-ishwa. (Cf. chujo, chujua, and perh.
more common in Z.)
vuja.)
CHOOKO
40
CHOYO
CHTJMO
40
CHUNIJA
D, as an initial in words of
Arabic origin, is used for three
Arabic letters, viz. Dal, and
sometimes Tah - and Dhal. See T,
Th.
CHTJMO
n.
(ma-),
recess,
receptacle,
cupboard.
niche
in
wall,
40
CHUNIJA
in
random,
udaku.)
DALASINI
52
DAWA
DALASINI
52
DAWA
make
selections
(from),
compile
knowledge
(by).
Ukim/isha samaki utamdondoa
mwili, if you let him eat fish,
DOMO
55
DUBWANA
*Dukizi,
n.
(ma-),
eavesdropping,
scandal
extraordinary size, a giant, a mongering. (Cf. dukiza, mdukizi.)
colossus. Also used as a. - dubwana,
Dumbwi, n. See Kidimbwe.
of anything gigantic,animal,
Dume, n. (ma-), a male, esp. of
tree, or other object. Mtu animals. Frasi dume, or dume la
frasi, a stallion. Bata dume, a drake.
mdubwana, a giant. (?Cf. bwana.)
Dude, n. (mathe vaguest and See -ume.
most general term for referring to
*Dumia, Dumisha. See Dumu.
any object, = kitu usichokijiua jina
lake, something of which you do
Dumu, v. remain, continue,
not know the name, or have no
word to describe, a thing, a what- endure, last, abide. Dumu daima,
do-you-call-it, an object. Dude gani last for ever,used also as adv.,
kill? What in the world is this for ever and ever. Ap. dum-ia, -iiva.
Dumia kazi, remain at, persevere in
object? Dim. kidude.
work. Also, remain with, attend
Dudu, n. (ma-, of size), large on,of service. Cs. dum-isha,
insect. See Mdudu, which is com- -ishwa. (Ar. Cf. daima, udumu.)
monly used. Dim. kidudu.
*Dumu, n. (ma-), also Mdumu
Duduka, v. be disfigured (by illness (mi-), can, pot, jug, mug, esp. of
or disease). Duduka uso, have face metal. Dumu la maji, water-can.
pitted, marked with small-pox. Ps.
Dundu, n. (ma-), large pumpkin,
dudukwa. Nadudukwa na pele, I am
disfigured by an eruption. (Cf. umbua.) gourd, calabash, the shell used as
Duduvule, n. a stinging insect, a vessel to hold liquids.
Dubwana, n. (ma-), a person* of
DOMO
55
DUBWANA
Ebbe, int. also Bee, commonly Egama, v. be in a resting or reused by slaves or inferiors in reply clining position,not lying down
to a call, yes! coming! I hearl
aversion,
disgust,
horror,
abhorrence,that which provokes
aversion, &c. (Ar. Cf. ki- rihi,
the e- or i- representing A lif)
tegemea.)
EGEMEA
58
ELEKA
akili.)
Sermala waria awalekeza waanafunzi
-ema, a. (ttjema with D 4 (P), D
bass, the master carpenter merely 6, jema
D 5 (S)), good,
gives directions to his apprentices. includingwith
goodness of all kinds
El. chornbo, steer a ship. J/l. and degrees,
whatever commends
btmdttki, aim a gun. El. kidole, point itself to feelings,
taste, reason, or
the finger. El. njia, show the right conscience; and translatable
in a
course. El. ttia, direct attention. corresponding variety of ways,
months, Dec. to
EGEMEA
58
ELEKA
Endesha kazi, push on a job. Rp.
endana, e.g. magurudnnm yake yanaendana vizuri, its wheels all work
ENEA
Cl
-ENYEWE
(hasty, quick) going. (Cf. enenda, Ap. eng- alia, -uliiva. (Cf. prec.)
-enu, a. pronom. of 2 Pers. P.,
your, yours, of you. (For the prefixes, and use in combination with
Eneo, n. (ma-), extent, spread, ninyior wcnyewe,oz both,see -ake.)
range, reach, province, covering
powder, extent covered or
-enyewe, a. (like -enyi, follows
affected, sphere of influence. E. la the rules of the pronominal adjecMu- tittgit, omnipresence of God. tives, -angu, -ako, &c., as to agreeE. la marathi, spread of sickness, ment with nouns), used to express
affected area. (Cf. enea, and follg.) identity, distinctness, and (of
persons)
personality.
Mtu
Enezi, n. (ma-), spreading out, mwenyewe, the man himself, the
extension,
distribution.
Cf. very person, the particular
Muungu ni mwenezi, God is the individual. Kasha lenynve, the
Great Giver. Maenezi ya chakula, actual box.
Vitu vyenyewe,
dealing out of portions of food,
making food go round. (Cf. enea, the very things.
Often with the
enezi, eneo, &c.)
personal
pronouns,
mi
mi
mwenyewe, wewe nnvenyewe, &c, I
myself,
you
yourself,
and
Enga, v. (1) split up, slice up,
with nafsi added, ttipo
used of preparing cassava sometimes
mi mi mwenyrwe nafsi yangu, here I
am, my own projKr
{muhogo) for cooking. Also (2)
coddle, pet,of treating a child articular self. Sitaki mwcnyrwc,
with overcarefulness. Sometimes \ utterly refuse, I will not have it,
Rd. enga enga viioto, spoil a child a strong emphatic refusal. Also
(by petting). Ps. engwa. Ap. engwith ji in reflexive verbs, c.g.
ea, -ewa. (Cf. engna.)
aliiiumiza mwenyewe, he hurt
Engua, v. skim, take scum off,
remove froth, &c., as of himself. Mali ya mwenyewe, the
fermenting liquor, or in cookery. property of th
eowner, i. e. of some one else, not -enyi mali, wealthy, -e. mawe, stony,
mine or yours. (Cf. -enyi, and -e. uzuri, beautiful, -e. kuwa, selfmwenyewe.)
existent, -e. enzt, all-powerful, -e.
watu wengi, populous, -e. tumbo,
Enyi, int. of 2 Pers. P., You corpulent, -e. miniba, pregnant.
there ! 1 say, you ! (For ee ninyi. (Cf. similar use of prep, -a.) (2)
Cf. ewe for ee wewe.)
Verb-forms,
enda, mwenendo.)
defining
time,
place,
or
circumstances. Penyi mwitu, in a
forest. Kwenyi Ijumaa, on Friday.
Mwenyi hapo, when he is absent, in
his absence. (Cf. -enyewe,
mwenyeji, mwenyi, mw- inyi.)
Enza, v. See Enenza.
*Enzi, n. also Ezi, supreme
power, sovereignty, dominion,
rule. Mwenyi ezi Mngu, Almighty
God. Kiti cha enzi, chair of state,
throne. (Ar. Cf. syn. mamlaka,
utawala, ngnvu, &c.)
Mahommedan hour of prayer. Ku- jeusi with D 5 (S)), black (of any shade or
sali esha, to attend evening kind), dark-coloured, gloomy, dim, dusky,
prayers. Used for period from dark, including dark shades of blue, green,
6.30 p.m. to 8.30 p.m. (AJ. See red, &c., colours being mainly grouped
Sala.)
according to relative lightness and darkness.
I Vatu weusi, natives (in general), i.e. non-
-etu, a. pronom. of 1 Pers. P., our, Europeans. (Cf. weusi, giza, and opp.
ours, of us. (For the prefixes and use in -eupe, &c.)
combination with sisi, or wenyewe or
Ewaa, int. or Eewaa, commonly used in
both, see -ake.)
assent, by inferiors or slaves, Yes, Sir I
ana, cf. geuza,gauza),makc white, that is right.* (Ar. wallah, Yes, by God. Cf.
whiten, clean, cleanse, purify, Inshallah, wallai, &c.)
perh. only used in a ceremonial
Ewe, int. for ee wewe, You there ! I
sense,
purification
after
difference of meaning is often involved. Cf. faa and vaa, fua and
vita, 8cc. Hence words not found
under F may be looked for under
V.
Rp.
FA
64
*Fahamu,
perceive,
v.
(1)
know,
FAHAMU
kasha
(ttjia,
shamba),
Bring
into
play,
FA
64
tmmi
thought
(made out) that I was ill
(when 1 was not).
fifanyay make oneself,
pretend to be, disguise
oneself as. Usifanye
tttzaha, do not suppose it
is a joke, do not make
fun of it. Ps. fattywa. Nt.
fanyika, e. g. be done, be
able to be done, be
practicable. Hcnctfattyikia, -iktwa, be done for (for the
FAHAMU
FABO
farik-isha,
part of a weavers
loom. (Ar. Cf.
67
FEIiEJI
fariki.)
apart, put away. Rp. see Fara- kana. (Ar. Cf. *Farakana, v. become parted, be
faraka, and syn. ondoka, tetiga, and for *estranged, be separated. Ktifaradie,'fa.')
kana hakuvtmji kujuana, separation is
Faro, n. See Kifaro.
matter of
prescribed
hah a, matata.)
die,
,found, startle. (Ar. CL fathaa, and trees and brushwood, clear forest
syn. angaika, stuka.)
land. Feka mwitu, moke a clearing
in a forest.
Fathili, v. do a kindness (to),
confer a favour (on), put under an
Felefele, 11. an inferior kind of millet
obligation, esp. as the act of a su- (mtama).
perior. Ps. fathiliwa. Nt. fa- thilika,
Feleji, n. or Fereji, steel of a 2
receive
a
favour.
Muungu
hafathiliwi, there is no such thing
as doing God a favour. Cs. fathilisha, -shwa,
put under an
obligation. n. also Fathali,
favour,
kindness,
benefit,
privilege. Akili ni f. aliyo- fathiliwa
bin Adamu, intellect is a special
privilege conferred on man.
Nimckula f yao, I have experienced
kindness from them, I am under
an obligation to them. Hana (or
hajui) /., he has no sense
offavour, he is ungrateful. Lipa
return a kindness. (Ar. Cf. afathali,
tafathali.)
FABO
67
FEIiEJI
FABO
67
FEIiEJI
fkiriwa. Nt. Jikirika. Ap. Jikiria, Abdallah. Ps. filishva. Nt. filisika,
-iwa. Cs.Jikir-isha, -ishwa, cause to of person or goods. Abdallah
think, make thoughtful, sober. amefihsika, Abdallah is bankrupt,
(Ar. Cf. waza, tia tnoyoni, and dist. has lost all his money. Ap. fills- ia,
thani, nia.)
-iwa. Cs.filis-isha, -ish wa. (Ar.)
ga Jilimbi, a flute-player.
FINYA
70
FO-FO-FO
of
the
(with, at, &c.), wash for. Cs. fuliza,-lizwa, e.g. (1) set to work as
smith or washerman, employ,
have work done by them. Also
(2) of the artisan, procure work.
Fuliza ngtto, get clothes for
washing, i.e. take in washing.
(3) Keep on at, hammer at,
cause to hammer or keep on,
continue doing,in a general
sense, for which see Fuliza.
Rp.fuatta, work together as
smiths, &c., help each other, or
actually beat (hammer) each
other. (Cf. mfua, fuawa, fuawe,
kifua, rnfuo, ufuko, fuo, and for
striking,/ffu, chapa, ntettya, &c.
Dist. vuaT) n. see Mafua, and
cf. kifua.
Fuama, v. lie on the face
not often in Z. Cs. fuamisha. (Cf.
I ala fulifuli.)
be
a
Mahommcdan.
Ps.
fuatwa. Ap. fuat-ia, - iwa.
Cs. fuat-isha, -ishwa,
often intens., copy
carefullyalso Fuasa,
which sec. Rp. fuataua,
Aluhammadi,
FINYA
70
accompany, follow in a
crowd. Fuatanisha, send
(some
one)
to
accompany.
(Cf.
atidama,
mafuataito.)
ntfuasi,
FO-FO-FO
Fudifudi, adv. on the face, face thin kind of porridge (of rice
downwards. Lala fudifudi, lie on flour, with sugar, honey, spice,
&c.), served to guests at an
the face. (Cf.fulifuli, and follg.)
entertainment or festival.
Fudikiza, v. turn upside down
Fukara, n. a poor man,
(inside out, face downwards), turn
over, e. g. of cards in playing. (Cf. beggar. Fukara hahehohe, of
extreme destitution. (Ar. Cf.
fudifudi, and syn. pindukiza.)
fakiri, fukarika, and syn. maskini,
Fufua, v. cause to revive, bring mwombaji.)
to life again, resuscitate, restore,
Fukarika, v. become poor.
revive. F. mailt', bring a dead man
to life. F. mgonjiva, give strength to (Ar. Cf. fukara, and opp. tajiri,
an invalid. F. deni, bring up a for- tajirikai)
gotten debt. Nt. fufuka. Ap. fufuFuke, n. See Vuke. (Cf. fuka,
lia, -liwa.
Cs. fuful-iza,
vuka.)
-izwa. (Cf. fa, fifia, ufufuo, ufu- fuko,
Fukia, v. fill in (a hole,
and syn. huisha, amsha.)
grave, &c.), dig in, cover in. F.
Fuga, v. (i) keep in kaburi, fill up a grave. Akaifukia
confinement, rear, breed (of tame sakafu yote kwa mchanga, and he
FINYA
70
FO-FO-FO
FUTiI
73
FUMBATA
(Cf. fuma.)
or' arms), grasp, clutch,
encompass. Siwezi kuufumbata mti
hiiu kwa mikoiio yangu, my arms
will not go round this tree.
Amefiimhata fetha . mkononi, he has
grasped the money with his hand.
Ps. fumbaiwa. Nt. fumbatika, e.g.
konzi ya maji haifumbatiki, water
cannot be grasped in the fist. Ap.
fumbat-ia, -izva.
syn.
fungua.)
Fumukano,
n.
{ma-),
separation, breaking up, dispersal,
e. g. of people after a meeting.
(Cf. fuma, fumual)
FUTiI
73
FUMBATA
FUNGAMA.
forest is hopelessly
impenetrable.
dense,
Hapa
pamefungamana na miiba, here is a
dense mass of thorns. (Cf. funga,
and for form, -mana, andamana,
changamana.')
Fungate, n. honeymoon,
period of seven days after
marriage, during which food is
supplied by relations. (Fungate =
seven, in some Bantu dialects.)
Fungo, n. (1) fast, period of
fasting. (Cf. funga, mfunguo.) (2) A
kind of speckled civet cat,
smaller than the ngawa.
Fungu, n. (ma-)} (1) portion,
part, piece, share, lot. Fungtt la
nyama, a portion of meat. Fungu
zima, a large share. (Cf. kipande,
sehemu.) (2) Heap, pile, and esp.
of sandbanks, shoals, reefs, &c. in
the sea. Chombo kimepanda funguni,
the dhow has run on a sandbank.
Also of pile of stones over a
78
FUNUA
-ishwa, cause an
inundate.
Maji
yakafitrikisha inchi, the water
overflowed the coup- try. (Ar. Cf.
far a, furifuri, furiko, and syn.
unteachable, is too stupid (or, ob- flood, gharihsha.)
stinate) to learn.
Ap. funz-ia,
Furaha, n. joy, pleasure,
-iwa. Cs. funz-isha, -ishwa. Rp. happiness, bliss, delight, gladness,
funzana. (Cf. fundi, fu- ndisha, and mirth, merriment. Fanya f, ona /.,
follg.) n. (wa-), grub, maggot, be happy. Pokea kwa f, welcome.
worm.
Also adv. gladly, with joy. Tukaenda furaha, and we went joyfully.
Funzio, n. (a-), teaching, in- Furahani, in a state of happiness.
struction. (For more usualfundisho (Ar., no B. syn. Cf. furahi, and Ar.
cf. funza.)
raha (higher but more passive),
bliss, and such words as mchezo,
Fuo, n. (1) (ma-), washing- mazungumzo, mapendezi.)
place, mahalipa kufulia nguo, for
washing clothes. (Cf. fua, oga,
*Furahi, v. rejoice, be glad,
chosho, ki- ogio.) (a) Scum, froth, feel pleasure, be happy, be
overflow,
pleased,
FUNGAMA.
n. usu. in plur.
overflowing, flood,
inundation. (Ar. Cf. gharika.)
mafuriko,
78
FUNUA
futur-ia,
-iwa.
C&.fuiur-isha,
-ishwa, provide with first meal.
(Ar. Cf. fitiri,futari. Dht.futuri.)
FUNGAMA.
78
FUNUA
FYEKO
79
GAMTI
FYEKO
79
GAMTI
FYEKO
geusi.)
79
GAMTI
transformation.
-geugeu.)
82
GHAFALA
*Gh&fala, n. a sudden
occurrence,
suddenness,
carelessness,
thoughtlessness,
T
inattention, haste. A eno la gh.,
sudden, abrupt statement. Marathi
ya gk., sudden stroke of illness.
Usikae katika gh., do not be imprudent, careless,advice to an
invalid. Often as adv. and also kwa
ghafala, suddenly, unexpectedly,
(Ar. Cf. follg. and syn. thdruba,
haraka.)
Ghafalika, v. be hurried, be
thoughtless
(imprudent,
neglectful, inattentive), &c. Ap.
ghafalik-ia, -iwa, be careless (hasty,
&c.) about. (Ar. Cf. ghafala,
taghdfali, and follg.)
*Ghafalisha,v. Cs. (i) make
hurry, distract, flurry, come on
suddenly; (2) do hurriedly, hurry
over, neglect, fail to attend to. Gh.
kazi, hurry over work. (Ar. d.
ghafala, and prec.)
Ghairi, v. (1) do something
unexpected, sudden, or surprising,
change ones mind, alter plan,
annul; (2) disappoint, offend,
surprise. La- biuia rohoyake
itaghairi, perhaps his mind will
change. Akaghairi kuo- lewa, she
suddenly refused to be married.
n. sudden change, surprise,
disappointment.
Tia
ghairi,
disappoint, surprise, offend. Also
used with ya, as prep, ghairi ya,
without, except, apart from,
without regard to. (Ar., seldom
used in deriv. forms.)
* G hala, n. store-room, storehouse, magazine, go-down. IVeka
vyakula ghalani, put away food in
the# larder. (Ar. Cf. bohari.)
Ghali, a. often heard as rrhali, (1) scarce, rare, hard to get;
(2)
dear,
expensive,
costly.
usamehe,
maachilio.)
masamaha,
ondoleo,
*Ghusubu,
v.
deceive,
cheat, swindle, betray. Sultani
a/ighusubu haki ya maskini, the
king betrayed the rights of the
poor man. (Ar.
opium (tif uni) prepared for smok- forbid kalaza.) n. (ma-), leaf of
ing. (Cf. gole, expectorated matter, the banana plant (mgomba), i. e.
Kr.)
jani la mgomba. See Mgomba.
Goma, n. (ma-), a large drum.
Gombo, n. (ma-), leaf (sheet) of
(Cf. ngoma, kigoma.)
a book,gombo la chuo.
Gomba, v. (1) gainsay,
contradict, forbid ; (2) argue
(with), quarrel (with), wrangle.
Anagomba na mkewe, he is
squabbling with his wife. Ap.
gomb-ea, -ewa, -eka, argue (for,
against, at, &c.), press a claim.
Gombea ngazi, quarrel over the
gangway. Gombea daraja, stand up
for ones rank (position, status).
GONGO
85
GUGU
wa juu, upper side. Contr. aemani,
lee side. Upande wa goshini,
weather side, windward. Pittdua
(chombo) ku<a goshini, tack about,
bout ship. Enda goshi, sail near the
wind. Goshi la tanga, the lower,
Gotagota, of drumming on an
instrument, and Gogota, which
see. Ps. gotwa. Nt. goteka. Ap. gotea, -ewa. Cs. got-eza, -ezwa, cause
to knock, e.g. goteza mamno, of illpronounced, broken speech, the
opposite of fluent speaking.
Gotagota maneno, of jumbling
words of different dialects
together. Rp .gotana, like
gongana, e. g. vyornbo vina- gotana,
the dhows are knocking together.
(Cf. mgoto, and syn. gonga,
piga,fna, bisha, &c.)
GONGO
85
GUGU
HA
88
HADITHI
ning,
trickery,
&c.
(Ar.
tendant, slave. In Z. usually Mhadimu, which see, i. e. one of the pamehadithiwa vingi, there^ are
original inhabitants of the island. many stories told about the place.
(Cf. hudumu, Mhadiniu, and syn. Tumehadithiwa, we have been told
mtumishi, mtumwa, mngoje.)
,H A F I F T J history
relates. n. story,
tale, account, report,
history, legend, fiction. Ni hadithi
iu, it is only a story, mere fiction.
(Ar. Cf. 'umulia, and habari, kisa,
tigano.)
Haflfu,
a.
trifling,
insignificant, poor in quality,
valueless, frivolous. Mtu h., a
person of no consequence. Nguo
A., calico of inferior quality. Roho
A., a light, flighty, wayward
disposition. (Ar. Cf. syn. - nyonge,
duni, -dago, rahisi.)
Hai, a. or Hayi, alive, living,
having life, animate. Yu hai, he is
alive. (Ar. Cf. uhai, huika, AuisAa,
and syn. B. -zima.)
Hai, a verb-form, it is not, they
are not, Negat. Pfx. with Pers.
Pfx. agreeing with D 2 (P) or D 6
(S). Sec Ha-.
Haiba, n. beauty, adornment,
decoration. Mwanamkc ana h. uso
wake, the woman has beautified
her face. H. tnaingia sasa nyumbatii,
the house is becoming decorated
now. (Ar. Cf. syn. uzuri,pambo,
urembo.)
Hama, verb-form, it has not (is
not), they have not (are not),the
Negat. Pfx. with Pers. Pfx.
agreeing with D 2 (P) and I) 6 (S),
and na. See Ha-, Na.
HAKI
HALI
hai.)
91
-HAMISHI
hamo, &c.)
ujira wa waanamaji.
salts.
HALI
91
-HAMISHI
kumi na tano.)
*Hamu,
n.
grief,
sorrow,
HALI
91
-HAMISHI
Hapo,
verb-form,
also Mahommedan law or custom.
Hayupo, he (she) is not here, Mwatta wa h., an illegitimate child,
same as huko, ha mo, with locative a bastard. (Ar. harimu, harimisha,
-po for -ho, -mo.
and cf. gvmbesa, marufuku, and
contr. halali.)
Hara, v. have looseness of
the bowels, suffer from frequent
Harara, ri. heat, warmth, (i) of
purging, have diarrhoea, &c. II. the body, high temperature,
damu, have dysentery, pass blood inflammation, prickly heat, rash
with the stools. Dawa ya kuhara produced by heat. Ameshikwa
(also, ya kuha- risha), an aperient na //., he is hot, feverish. Yuna h. ya
medicine, a laxative, a purge. Cs. mapaja kwa jua na njia, he has a
har-isha, -ishwa. Chakula hihi rash on the thighs from the heat
chaniharisha, this food gives me and walking, (a) fig. hot temper,
diarrhoea. (Ar.)
rashness, precipitancy. II. ya moyo,
rnoyo wa h., moyo h.y a passionate
Harabu, n. (, and ma-)t one disposition, quick temper. (Ar. Cf.
who is destructive, a spoiler, a hari, and syn. moto, uvukuto.)
ruffian, a vandal. Mwarabu h.
usiende mrirna, the Arab is a
Hari, n. heat in general, and
destroyer, so do not go to the esp. perspiration, sweat. II. ya jua,
mainland. Nazi mbovn h. ya ttzima, the heat of the sun. Mwili wangu
bad cocoanuts spoil the good una //., my body is hot. Toka h.,
ones. Also a. -harabu, destructive, perspire.
violent. (Ar. Cf haribu, uharabu.)
H . zanitona, sweat drops off
Haradali, n. mustard. (Ar.)
me. (Ar. Cf. harara, and
syn. moto,josho.)
Haraja, n. cost, expense,
outlay, payment. " (Ar. Cf. harijia,
-haribifu, a. (haribifu with D 4
and more common syn. gharama.) (P), D 5 (S), D 6), destructive,
wasteful, prodigal, doing harm,
*Haraka, n. haste, hurTy, spoiling. Mharibifu wa mali, a
bustle, excitement, fun. Fatiya h., spendthrift. (Cf. haribu, haralnt,
make haste. Enda kwa h., be in a uharabu,
and syn.
-potevti,
hurry. Haraka, haraka, haina -bathirifu.)
baraha, hurry has no blessing.
Also as adv., in a hurry, hastily,
Haribu, v. injure, destroy,
Hurriedly. (Ar. Cf. harihisha, and spoil,
damage,
ruin,
for haste, syn. hitna, wept si, and demoralize. //. kazt, spoil work. //.
for Hurry, attgaika, chafuka.)
safari, break up an expedition. //.
inchiy devastate a country. 11.
Harakisha, v. Cs. and Hari- mimba, cause miscarriage. II. moyo,
kisha, cause haste (bustle, excite- pervert, corrupt. Ps. haribiwa. Nt.
ment, &c.). (Ar. Cf. haraka, ta- haribika, with several derived
haruki, and syn. himiza.)
forms. Ap. harib- ikia, be ruined, in
respect of, suffer loss of, and Ps.
Haramin, n. outlaw, pirate, haribikiwa, be the victim of
brigand, bandit, highway robber. violence, be robbed of everything,
(Ar. Cf. follg. and syn. mtoro, be utterly ruined. Cs. haribik- isha,
pakacha} mnyattganyi'.)
-ishwa, inflict ruin on. Rp.
haribikana, be liable to destruction.
Haramu,
a.
forbidden, Ap. harib ia, -iwa, -tana. Cs. haribunlawful, prohibited, i.e. by isha, -ishwa. (Ar. Cf. harabu,
HARIRI
94
HATHARI
HARIRI
94
HATHARI
mwandani,
ship, trans-ship.
Hayamkini,
v.
it
is
impossible. See Yamkini. (Ar.)
Cs. hawil-isha, -ishwa. (2) Give security for, guarantee, undertake
Hayana, verb-form, they are
responsibility for. H. deni, become not (do not exist), they have not,
responsible for a debt. (Ar. Cf. Negat. Pfx. and Pfx. agreeing
hawala, and syn. (1) badili, (2) with D 5 (P), and na (which see).
diriki.)
HAZINA
HESHIMA
*Hazina, n.
treasure, deposit of97
*Henzarani, n. a cane,
money, exchequer, privy purse. H.
ya malt, nyumba ya h., treasury. (Ar. canework.
Cf. dajina, tnali, akiba.)
Heri,
n.
happiness,
Hazina, verb-form, they are not blessedness, good fortune,
(do not exist), they have not, luck, success, advantage. II.
Negat. Pfx., with Pfx. agreeing yako ni yetu, your happiness is
with D 4 (P), D 6, and na (which ours. AItu wa h., a fortunate
(happy,
enviable)
man.
see).
Kujaliwa h.t to be granted good
*Hebbu, v. like, be pleased fortune. Kufu- nuliwa h.t to make
with, take a fancy to. Baba a lucky guess, hit on a happy
alinhebbu unyoya ule, his father took idea. Common in formula of
a fancy to that feather. Ap. hebb-ia, leave-taking, kwa heri, good-iwa. (Arab, seldom used. Cf. bye, or lava heri ya kuonana,
habba, hiba.)
good-bye till we meet again.
Also heri, it is well, it is best
Hedaya, n. gift, present, (like afa- ihali), e. g. heri ttende,
usually of something rare, costly, you had better go. (Af. Cf.
or wonderful. Kitu cha h., a costly subalkheri, masalkheri, in which
thing. (Arab. Cf. alia, zawadi, the kh is more distinctly heard
bakshishi, titnu, &c.)
as a guttural.)
*Hekalu, n. (ma-)f a large build- Hero, n. a small wooden
ing, a palace, a temple, the temple dish, sometimes on legs, used
at Jerusalem. (Ar. Cf. syn. B. for serving food on. (Cf.
jumbal)
chungu.)
ttekima,
n.
wisdom, *Hesabu, v. also Hasibu, Hiknowledge, judgement. (Ar. Cf. sabu, count, calculate, reckon
hakimu, hu- kumu, and syn. elimit, up. Ps. hesabiwa. Nt. hesabika.
busara, akili, maarifa.)
Flazi- hesabiki, they are not
counted, or, they are not to be
*Hekimiza, v. Cs. cause to counted, i.e. worthless, or, they
know, give instructions to, inform, arc past counting, i. e.
direct. Ametuhekimiza tukutunze, he numberless.
Ap.
hesab-ia,
directed ns to take care of you. Ps. reckon with (to the credit of,
hekimizwa. (Ar. Cf. prec.)
against, &c.). Rp. hesabiana,
settle accounts together. Cs.
Hema, n. (, and ma-), a tent. hesab-isha,
-ishwa,
e.
g.
Piga (simikisha) h.t pitch a tent. ntahesabisha, I will have an
Ondoa {ng'oa) h.t strike a tent. (Ar.) account taken. n. (1)
calculation,
*Hemdi, n. also llimidi, praise, reckoning,
(2) a bill, an
esp. in ascription to God. (Ar. Cf. enumeration;
account (of money, measure,
hatndu, follg. and syn. sifa.)
value);(3) the art of counting,
Hemidi, v. and Himidi, praise. numeration, arithmetic. Chita
Ps. hemidiwa. (Ar. Cf. hamdu, herndi, cha h., an account book, like
and syn. sifu.)
daftari. Toa h., give an account.
katika h.f put down to an
*Henza, n. halyard,the thick Andika
Fanya h.% reckon up,
rope by which the heavy yard and account.
Taka h., demand an
sail of a native vessel is hoisted. It calculate.
passes over a sheave at the account. (Ar. Cf. idadi, pirna,
masthead, and carries a double or
treble pulley (gofia) connected with
kadirl.)
HAZINA
other) with honour. H. kwake tele,
he is full of due consideration for
people. (Ar. Cf. follg. and syn.
(1) utukufu, daraja, cheo\ (2)
hofu,
adabu;
(3)
bakshishi, &c.)
Heehimu, v. honour, pay
respect to, treat with courtesy,
give a present to. Ps. heshimiwa.
Ap. he- shim-ia, -iana.
(Ar.
Cf. tukuza,
HESHIMA
97
h.
, I have something to
tell you. Tumeona h. leo,
emphasis,
HAZINA
97
HESHIMA
the Coran. (Ar. Cf. uganga, daiva, need, want, petition. (Ar. Cf. haja,
talasimu.)
mhitaji, and syn. taka.)
Hisa, n. (1) part, portion,
Hitari, v. choose, select,
share (cf. fungu, sehemu); (2) ? prefer. Ps. hitariwa. Kalamu
indulgence, permission, pardon. iliyohitariwa, a choice, selected
(Ar.)
pen. Cs. hitar- isha, -ishwa, e. g.
cause to choose, give choice (of).
Hisani, n. kindness, favour, (Ar. Cf. follg., and the common
goodness. Kwa h. yako, by your syn. ehagua, teua.)
kindness. (Ar. Cf. ahsante, and
syn. fathHi, wema.)
Hitiari, n. also Ihtiari, choice,
selection, preference. //. yako, as
Hitaji, y. need, require, be in you like, i. e. upendaxyo. Nathari na
need of, lack, want, feel want of, h. tii kwako, the decision and
desire. Nahitaji ehakula, I need choice lie with you. (Ar. Cf. hitari,
food. Often impersonal, e. g. yahi- and syn. hiyari, nathari.)
taji tnashahidi waive watu wa kweli,
Hitima, n. a Mahommedan
service, or office, in conclusion of
some event, i.e. a reading of
certain portions of the Coran, esp.
(1) a funeral service ; (2) service
at a housewarming; (3) a feast
given at such a ceremony, e. g.
HITIMA
100
HODI
HITIMA
100
HODI
njiwai)
n.
(;ma-),
that which is related, Huko, adv. dem. of general referreport, announcement, &c. (Ar.
Cf. habari, cf. syn. arifu, sumulia, e ence, in that case referred to, with
those circumstances in view, in
leza.)
Huduma, n. also Hudumu, connexion with that environment,
Hidima, service, attendance, wait- but commonly of place and time,
ing on a person, ministration. (Ar. from (to, at, in, &c.) that place
Cf. follg.)
(or, time), there, thither, thence,
Hudumu, v. serve, wait then, &c. H. na h., hither and
(on), attend (on). Mmkudumu
thither, here and there. 7/.
kwa
uendaho, where you are going to,
uzuri, see that you wait on him
your destination. H. uto- kako,
properly,. Ps. hudumiwa. Nt. where you come from, your
hudumika. Ap. hudum-ia, -iwa,
serve, be in attendance upon, starting-point. H. nyuma, (1) yonserve for (at, with, &c.). Cs. der in the rear; (2) meanwhile.
hudurn- isha, -ishwa. (Ar.
Cf. Kuko huko, just yonder, just there,
hudurna,
under those precise
circumstances. Huko is also used
vihadimu, uhadimu, and syn. tuto suggest the world beyond, the
mikia, ngojea, andikia.)
Huenda, used as adv., other world, the world of spirits.
sometimes Hwenda, it happens, {Huko include
sometimes, at times, and so *
possibly, perhaps, it may be,
there is a chance. (Enda with
pfx. hu- of customary or repeated action. Cf. syn. hwenda,
huwa, labuda, yamkini.)
HUKU
103
HUBU
HUKU
103
HUBU
IBADA
106
IMAMU
*Illakini,
conj.
but,
nevertheless,
notwithstanding.
(Ar. Cf. ilia, and lakini.)
IBADA
106
IMAMU
{ma-),
the
liver.
IBADA
106
IMAMU
money-
has already done it, he has comleted it. Alipokwisha kuja, when e
had actually arrived, -a kwisha,
last, extreme, worst. Ps. ishwa. Nt.
ishika, Kimeishwa na fetha , ray
money has come to an end. Haiishiki, it cannot be completed. Ap.
ish-ia, -iwa. Mke wangu ameni- ishia
ma/i, my wife has used up my
money. Nimeishiwa wali, my dish
of rice has come to an end. Ngoje
nikuishic maneno, wait till I finish
my message to you. Also a further
Ap. form is h-Hi a, -iliwa, -iliza,
-ilizwa, marking completion for
some special purpose or of a
particular
kind.
YVakaishiliza
mwezi, they waited for the month
to come to an end. So of mwaka,
kazi, maneno, when there is a
particular object in view. (Cf.
ingilia, toshelea,pigilia, See.) Cs.
ishiza, ishisha (seldom heard). (Cf.
mwisho, and syn. maliza, timiza,
kamilisha, komesha. Dist. is hi, in
some forihs identical, e. g. haishi.)
Isha, n. See Esha.
Ishara, n. sign, token, signal,
mark, omen, indication, warning,
hint, crucial case, remarkable fact,
a wonder. Tumeona i. mwaka huu,
we have seen a wonderful thing
this year. Tia *., put a mark on.
Toa /., make a signal. (Ar. Cf.
ashiria, and syn. dalili, alamo.)
Ishi, v. last, endure, continue,
live, remain. A ishi milele, may he
live for ever. Mti huu hauishi sana,
this wood does not last long. (Ar.
Cf. aushi, maisha.)
Isi vyo,verb-form, used asa
general Negat. Conj., as ;in a way
that) is not,corresponding to
adverbial use of forms in vi, vyo
(hivi, vile, vivyo, &c.).
Islamu, n. (l) (wa- and ma-), a
Mahommcdan;
(3)
the
Mahommc* dan religion, Islam.
Kiislamu, (of the) Mahommcdan
IRABU
109
ISTISKA
ruhusti,
ruksa,
sahihisha.)
kubali,
rithia,
IRABU
109
ISTISKA
adjectives,
before
roots
beginning with a vowel. See Ji-.
Ja, v. (1) come; (2) of events,
happen, turn out, result. As in
other monosyllabic verb-roots the
Infini- . tive form kuja is used as
the root form in some tenses (see
Ku-), and yu is commonly
prefixed to 3 Pers. Sing, of Pres.
Indie., i. e. yuaja for aja. The
Imperative in this verb only is
irregular, viz. njoo, njooni
Ill
JA
traceable without a
for a Pers. Sing, and Plur. Alikuja negative preceding, e.g. ujaonapi t
nyumbani, he came to the house. where have you yet seen ?
Kaja kwako na bartta bit, I approach
you with this letter. Umekuja kushtakiwa, some one has come to
accuse you. Atakuja kuuawa, he will
come to be killed, he will some
day be killed. Ap .jia, jiwa, jika, jia
na, come to (for, about, at, in,
&c.). Mam no tuliyojia kwako tti
kayo, that is the errand on which
we came to you. Siku uliyojia, the
day on which you came. Mgeni
amtnijia ho, a visitor has come to
me to-day. The passive is used by
itself of receiving visits, e. g.
nimejiwa, I have had a visitor, I
have a friend with me. Jika, be
approachable, be accessible. Mji
huts hatijiki, this town is not to be
entered. Rd. jiajia, and ? jajia, of
repeated or troublesome arrivals.
Wananijiajia tu, they keep on
bothering me with visits. Also Rf.
jijia, e.g. nikawa kujijia \angu haita
chini, and I just fell anyhow
IRABU
109
ISTISKA
in Arabic.)
Jamaa, n. a number of
persons gathered or connected
together,
family,
society,
company, assembly, gathering,
meeting. Mtu wa j., member of a
family, kinsman. Enyij. waliohuthuria hapa (on addressing an
*Jabari, n. Supreme Ruler, audience), my friends here
Ma- hommedan title of God. present.
(Arab.)
Also of a single person, one of a
Jadiliana, v. Rp. argue family, friend. Huyu ni j., this
together, reason with each other. person is a' connexion (friend) of
(Ar. Cf. syn. hujiana, bishana, mine. v. See Jamii. (Ar. Cf.
semezana.)
jamii, juma, and syn. nduguf
mkutanoi)
kikapo.)
JABALI
112
substance.) JAMBO
*Jamclani, n. white brocade.
(Hind. Sec Nguo.)
*Jamii, v. (i) collect together,
commonly Cs. jami-isha,
-ishwa, in same sense; (a)
copulate. n. and Jamia, a
collection of objects, group,
company, number, mass, body,
total, sum. j. ya watoto, a lot of
children. J. ya rnali, the whole of a
sum of money. J. ya makathi, bench
of judges. J. ya watu, the mass of
men, most people, the public. J. ya
mantno, the words taken together,
the whole sentence, context. Also
as adv., In a mass, collectively, as
a whole, all together. I Votejamii,
all the lot, the whole lot. (Ar. Cf.
jamaa, junta, and syn. kusanya.)
but
bakshishi, zawadi.)
(Ar. Cf.
JABALI
n. also Juza,
Vyombo vi j.,
112
JAMBO
JENEZA
115
JI
endea, take a walk (for pleasure),
run amuck (like a madman). Jijia,
JENEZA
115
JI
zibet jinywa lako, stop that great oneself. n. usu. in plur. majisifu,
JIO
118
JIWE
See -ja.
and for different sizes of stone, -.elesa, dczT.ua, -cl tana, move to,
mwamba,jabali, kokoio, changarawi, ap roach, go up to,&c.
Akanijongctca alia nilipo, and he
tnchanga.)
came close up to where I was.
Cs.jortg-eza, *ezwa,
*Ji2la, n. also Jesila, Gesla, a
measure of weight, viz. io frasila
or 60 pishi, about 350-60 lb. (Ar.) czana. (Cf. enda, pita, sogta. Dist.
Jogoo, n. (w/a-), a male fowl,
a cock. Jogoo lawika, the cock
crows. J. la kwanza, first cockcrow,
about 2 a.m. J. la pill, second
cockcrow, just before dawn, 4
p.m. Majogoo ndio saa la shamba,
the cock is the clock in the
country. (Cf. jimbi, pora, kuku.)
chongca.)
washing. (Cf. oga, osha, and see the Zanzibar language. Najua
Chosho.)
kufrta chuma, 1 know smiths
work. Namnia aliko, I know where
Joto, n. (tna-), for ji oto, or same he is. Ps. juliwa. Nt.julika, be
as choto, i.e. ki-oto, great heat, in- known,
be
knowable,
be
flammation, pyrexia. Fata joto (or intelligible, and juli- kana, in the
joto joto), get hot. (Cf. ota, moto.)
latter sense. Ap.ju- ilia, -iliwa,
know about, &c. Ali- mjuilia kama
Joy a, n. a white spongy amekasirika, he recognized that he
substance sometimes found filling was angry. Cs. (rarely juza), juthe shell of a cocoanut, instead of lisha, -lishwa, -li- skana, cause to
being deposited as the usual lining know, make known, inform. Also
of nutty hard substance on the juvya,juvisha (sometimes meaning
inside,also the nut thus filled. make impertinent, provoke to or
Joya la nazi, either the substance or teach impertinence. Cf. -juvi). Rp.
the nut. Hutazamwa nazi, kama ju-ana,
-ania,
-anisha.
imejanya joya ndani, a cocoanut is Nimcwajuanisha, I have introduced
examined to sec if it is spongy them to each other. (Cf. -juzi, -juvi,
inside. Kama j., spongy, porous, ujuzi, &c., and syn. faharnu,
full of holes. Nyumbayangu ni j., tambua.)
atakayc huingia, my house is like a
spongy cocoanut, any one who
Juba, n. (, or ma-), (1) a
likes goes into it. (Cf. nasi.)
kind of coat, vest, or jacket, open
in front, with coflar and wide
*Jozi, n. (1) a walnut; (2) a pair, sleeves of cloth or (unlike the
brace, couple,of anything. (Ar. joho) of calico and linen.
(Arab. Ch joho, kanzu,
* nut in general. Cf. lost. The
consonants arc transposed of the nguoi) (2) A mortising chisel. (Cf.
Ar. word for pair.)
patasi, chembeu.)
Jua, n. (w<z-), (1) the sun, sunJuhudi, n. effort, exertion,
shine, fine weather; (2) time of strain, ardour, zeal, painful stress,
day (as judged by the position of agony. Ana j.ya kazi, he is a zealous
the sun). J. kali (jingi), hot sun, hot worker. Fanya jtake great pains. J.
weather. J. kichwani (yichwani), si paio, trying is not the same as
time of $ur. overhead, noonday. J. succeeding. (Ar. Cf. jitahidi, and
kucha
(kupanda,
kutoka, cf. syn. bidii, kazi, nguvit.)
kuchomosa), sunrise. /. kuchwa (tua,
shuka), sunset. J.
*Jukum, n. traders risk,
payment
for
taking
risk,
linaaga miti, the sun is taking insurance. Lipa j., insure (goods,
farewell of the trees, i.e. is setting. in trading). Chukita
Macho ya /., sunrise, the Orient,
the East. Machweo ya j., sunset, the j., take the risk, guarantee. (Hind.,
West. J. limekuwa alasiri (athuuri, used, in commerce, cf. syn. bitna.)
tna- garibi, &c.), the time of day is
afternoon (noon, evening, &c.).
*Jukwaa, n. (rna-), also
Katika
Jukwari, scaffolding, staging,
stage, scaffold. (Hind.)
JIO
gregation. (Arab.)
118
JIWE
JIO
118
JIWE
JUTO
121
JUZU
katika.
JUTO
121
JUZU
KABILA
124
KABILA
Kadiri, v. also Badri, (i) estimate, reckon, calculate, fix the
value of, put a limit on ; (2) form
an opinion on, consider, weigh,
judge. K. tnali, make a valuation of
property. Na- kadiri maneno haya tii
kweli, I judge that this statement is
true. Ps. kadiriwa. Nt. kadirika, e. g.
be limited, be measurable, be
moderate (in amount, behaviour,
&c.), be finite. Kitfa tii farathi ya
iliyokadiriwa, death is a necessary
condition of what is finite.
Anatakabari mtw, haka- dirtki, he
shows great arrogance, he has no
moderation.
Marutto
yasiyokadirika,
unmeasured
(or,
unintelligible) language. Ap.
kadir-ia,
124
KADIMISHA
Kafi, n. (/<?-), paddle, small
thabihu.)
n. a caravan. (Arab,
heard, for common
msafara, safari.)
and &z-.)
*Kafara, n. (wa-), an offering,
a sacrifice, a charm,to avert
evil. Toa k., make an offering,
sacrifice.
KABILA
kawaida, which see. (Ar. Cf. syn.
kanuni.)
*Kaidi, v. be obstinate, be
headstrong, rebel, refuse to obey,
contradict. Usimkaidi baba akisema
neno, do not contradict (disobey)
your father, if he says anything.
Cs. kaid-isha, -ishwa, e. g. incite to
disobedience. (Ar. Cf follg. and
syn. halifu, asi.)
sense.
124
KADIMISHA
Kakawana, v. be strong,
athletic, well knit, muscular. (Cf.
syn. shupaa, -wa na maungo.)
Kaki, n. a thin hard-baked
biscuit or oake. (Cf. mkalei)
*Kalafati, v. caulk (the seams
of a wooden vessel),the tool
used being chembeu. Described as
tin pamba na mafuta yasingie maji,
ancient. -a kikale, antiquated. (Cf. sour, bitter, e.g. siki kali, sour
zamani, and dist. nzee, old age.)
vinegar, opp. to laini, tamu, and cf.
chung'u; (3) sharp in temper,
Kalfati. See Kalafati. (Ar.)
severe, stem, cross, cruel, fierce,
e. g. ng'ombe mkali, a fierce cow,
-kali, a. (1) sharp, having a opp. to -pale, -a huruma;
sharp edge, cutting, e. g. kisu
kikali, a sharp knife, makali ya keen, intense, vehement, brave,
upanga, the edge of a sword, opp.
to butu; (2) sharp to the taste, acid, jua kali, tembo kali, strong palm-
.KALI
127
KAMASI
chucking small coin intp a hole have various names, all of non(Str.).
Bantu origin, e. g. amari, baraji,
hamarawi, (Iasi, henza, jarari,
Kamamanga, n. Sec Komama demani, goshi, dakawa, mjiari, or
nga.
ujari. Various materials for
binding are ubugu, ugornba,
"Kamani, adv. wonderfully, ung'ong'o, umtnu, ukindu, and
strangely, exceedingly. (For kama miwaa.
(Cf. ukambaa, also
nini? Like what! see Kama.)
, kitani.) . '
Kamani, n. (wa-), mucus from tigwe
Kamba, n. a .lobster, crayfish,
the nose, catarrh. Siwezi k., I have prawn,
sometimes distina cold* in my head. (Cf. mafua, guishedshrimp,
as k. ya pwani, k. ya bahari,
kifua.) Futa makamasi, wipe the
also mkamba,the common
nose.
lobster, and k. ya mtoniy crayfish.
Kamata, v. take forcible hold (Cf. m- kamba, uduvi, kaa.)
of, catch hold of, seize with the
Kambali, n. (ma-)y also Kamhands (arms, claws, a trap, &c.), bari,
cat fish, with
grasp, clasp, make a prisoner of, broad freshwater
head and fleshy feelers,
arrest. CJnti alimkamata kuku, the the flatonly
freshwater fish
leopard got hold of the fowl. Ps. common in Z., and
sometimes of
kamativa. Nt. kamatika, e. g. maji
hayaka- matiki, water cannot be large size (15 lb. to 20 lb.)
grasped in the hand. A>. kamatKambi, n. (ma-)> encampment,
ia, -iwa, e. g. seize with, grasp at, usually on enclosure occupied,
get a partial hold of, &c. Cs. at night in travelling on the
kamatisha, also In tens, hold fast. mainland. (? Eng. camp. Cf. hituo,
Rp. kamatana,
boma.)
grapple, e. g. in wrestling.
(Implies some effort, difficulty to
overcome. Cf. shika, kabithi, guia,
nasa. For the termination cf.
ambata, fumbata, nata, pat a.)
.KALI
127
KAMASI
alimkana
mtoto,
the
father
disowned the child. Ps. kaniwa.
Nt. kan-ika, -ikana, e.
g.
-ishwa.
(Cf. kattdika.)
Kanda, n. (, and ma-), (i) a
bag of native (plaited) matting,
often used for grain, broader
at the bottom than at the mouth.
Dim. kikattda. (Cf. kikapo.) (2)
Leather thong,
plur. of ukanda.
strap,also
KANG A
130
KAPI
n.
karama,
clerk,
amanuensis, karamu, and syn. -paji.)
(ma-),
KANG A
130
also used.)
KAPI
Asadv.less. K.ya,k.kuliko,
less than. (Arab., seldom heard.
Cf. kasa, kasoro, and the
commoner hatima
, mwishol) .
KATA
133
KATANI
aK. hukumu, decide a suit, give
Kaskazi, n. (1) northerly
sentence. K. tamaa, bring hopes to
an end, despair, despond, be wind, north monsoon. K. inavuma,
desperate. K. kitty quench thirst. K. the north wind is blowing. Cf.
shaitri, frustrate a plan. Ps. katwa, kusif south wind, and upepo. (2)
implying an agent, as present or Season of the north monsoon, i.e.
prominent in the mind. Nt. katika, December to March, the hottest
in which the fact rather than the part of the year in Zanzibar, i. e.
agency is in view, e. g. hukumu wakati wa jasho na kukausha mitiy
called
tnusimu,
and
imekatwa, the judge has decided also
the case. Hukumu imekatika, a sometimes chaka; (3) northerly
verdict has been given. Kusi direction, the north. Also called
imekatika, the south wind is Kibula Kibla. Kaskazini, in the
coming to an end. Hence, katik-ia, north, northwards. (Cf. shemali,
-iwa, be cut off, &c. at (for, in, the Ar. word for north/ andJaa.)
&c.), e. g. muhogo ulikatikia mu mo,
*Kasoro, adv. less (by), short
the cassava broke off where it
stood. Ugwe hukatikia pembamba, (by). Kasoro nussu, less by a half.
cord breaks at the thinnest part. Sometimes as n., defect, blemish.
Also katikana, be capable of being (Ar. kasr. Cf. kasa, kasiri.)
cut, &c., be possibly cut. Ap. kat*Kassa, adv. See Kasa.
ia, -iwa, -iatia, cut at (into, off
from, a part of, &c.), e.g. katia
*Kassi, adv. of intensity, used
hesabu, cut off from (deduct from)
an account. Katia mti, cut a piece with verbs, much, very, with
from, chop at, make a cut in (not, energy (vehemence, violence,
cut down). Katia ttjia, cut into &c.), e.g. enda k., go with force, go
(strike on) a road. AY kiasi changu quickly. Mto unapita k., the river
kama nalikatiwa mi mi, it fits me runs quickly, has a strong
exactly, just as if it vvas made for current. Also as a noun, tia (piga)
me (or, 1 had been measured for k., apply force, tighten. Sokota kwa
it). Tulikatiwa marteno, we have k., twist forcibly. (Prob. Ar. ? Cf.
had our matter settled. Katiana, kiasi, or kaza, kazi.)
settle accounts together, strike a
*Kastabini, n. a thimble. (Perbalance, i. e. by striking out items
on both sides. Cs. kat-iza, -izwa, sian, for more common subana.)
isia, -isiwa, -izana, cause to cut (be
n. opium. (Hind.
cut, &c.), or Intens. cut (end, Cf.*Kasumba,
syn. Ar. ajiiini.)
decide) abruptly (vigorously,
sharply, &c.). Katiza mane no,
*Kata, v. (1) cut, cut off, cut
break off (interrupt, stop, apply away, cut short, cut up, or in
closure
to)
a
discussion. pieces; (2) fig. divide, reduce,
Walikatiziwa vyakuta, their supplies bring to an end, decide, frustrate.
were deliberately stopped. Kp. The noun following may define
katana, e.g. wanakatana kwa visit, the thing cut, the nature of the
they are fighting with knives. cutting, the effect produced, or
Also Rf. jikata, jikatia, jikatiza, &c., the instrument used. K. miti, cut
and Rd. of emphasis, katakata, cut down trees. K. maji, go up stream.
to pieces, make mincemeat of. K. kisu (or kwa kisu), cut with a
(Ar. Cf. mkata, mkato, kato, kata, knife. K. nguo, cut calico, often in
mkatizo, tnkate, mkataa, and follg. the sense buy a piece of calico,
Alsosyn. tern a, ehanja, pasua, order a new dress or suit. K.
chonga, choma, vunja, maliza.)
nakshi, carve (in wood or stone).
reduce (or, withhold) a
Kata, n. also Kataa, a cutting, K.pesa,
sum due. K. maneno, conclude
alasiri.
kigzoe, kamba.)
KATA
133
KATANI
KEFU
130
KERIMU
from chewing tobacco. Tumbako these shells. Metto kama k., teeth
yanikereketa, the tobacco has a like cowries,a point of beauty.
harsh taste to me, (Cf. syn. (Cf. kauri.) (2) (ma-), a string (of
washa.)
beads, &c.). Two make/e one
timba; ten makete five timba
Kereza, v. (1) saw into, cut one fundo.
(?Cf. kata, n.)
into, with a saw (rasp, file, &c.),
make a cut or notch in ; (2) cut in
Keti, v. (1) (in poet, kclcti), sit
a lathe,, turn. Zikerezwazo, turned down, take a scat ; (2) dwell, live,
articles, turnery. (Cf. follg.)
remain, stay, reside. Tafathali ukeii,
please take a scat (cf. kaa kitako,
Kerezo, n. also Keezo, a ma- meaning strictly, squat in the
chine for turning, a lathe.
native way). Ps. ketiwa.
Ap.
*Kerlmu, v. See Kirimu.
KEFU
{b)
130
KERIMU
kijibwa,
kijiji,
kijana,kijwnba,
kijimno. Obs. that ki- may convey
the idea, not only (a) of relative
smallness, but (b) of relative
unimportance, e. g. kishughuli, a
jectives
and
verbs
(both
subjective
and
objective)
corresponding to D 3
(S), e. g. kitu kiki changu kizuri
chakipendenza kitoto kile, this pretty
thing of mine pleases that little
child. (2) In verbs, ki is (a) the
characteristic of the Pres. Partic.
corresponding to the Eng. Partic.
in -ing, and may be translated
according to the context by such
words as, if, supposing, as,
when, while, though, &c. Obs.
that niki- in this use is often con-
TTTA
139
KIBABA
traded into hi, as nika- into ha. (b) ordeal. Fanya (piga, shika) k., take
Sometimes inserted before the an oath. 7'ilia (pigisha) A.,
root in Past Tense to denote an administer an oath. Ku/a A., to
imperfect, or continuing action or submit to an ordeal. Kama
state, e. g. alipokisema, while he husadiki, tule kiapo, if you do not
was still talking ; alikingoja, he believe, let us try ordeal. Viafo
was waiting. (c) Sometimes used thabiti, binding oaths. Peleka kta
for ka as a connective particle in poni, compel to swear, require to
narrative. So strongly is the ki- undergo an ordeal. Various
sound identified with its use as a kinds of ordeal are kiapo cha m
prefix in Swahili, that even when do, cha
it belongs to the root, as esp. in
words of Arabic origin, it is mkate, cha sindano, cha mibano, cha
constantly treated as a pfx., and mchelel cha kibao, &c. (Cf. apa,
changed to vi- in the Plur. of such
nouns, e. g. in the case of kitabu, ttapo, apiza, also yam ini, zitru.)
Kiarabu, n. and adv., the
kiasi, kilcle, kiberiti, and others.
Arabic language, something of
Kia, n. (via), door bar. (Cf. ki- the Arabic kind, in the Arab way.
wi, pingo, komeo.) Also as v., step (Cf. Mwarabu, and ki-.)
over.
(Seldom in Z. Cf.
Kiasi, n. (vi-) and adv., also
kiuka,
Kassi, (i) measure, quantity,
amount (cf. kadiri, kipimo); (2)
chupa.)
self-control,
*Kiada, adv. in an orderly, moderation,
distinct, intelligible way. Sema temperance (cf. kadiri, kujizuia);
(3)
a
little,
a small
k., speak slowly and distinctly.
Nielcze k., explain to me
(moderate) amount (cf. kidogo);
distinctly. (Ar.)
(4) the charge of a gun, cartridge.
Kialio, n. (vi-), stick laid Common in inquiring price,
across the bottom of a cooking K.gani? How much? What is the
pot inside, to prevent what is price? Mtu wa A., a temperate
cooked from being burnt. Dim. person, a man of moderation.
of wa/io, or perh. for kilalio. (Cf. Alimpa A., he gave him a little. As
adv. of quantity, time, or space,
ulalo, /a/a.
a
little,
e.g.
business
Kiambaza,
n.
See nenohililimeanzak.,this
began
some
time
ago.
Alikwcnda
Kiwambaza.
A., he went a little way. (Ar., the
Kianga,
n.
(vi-),
and radical ki being treated as
sometimes Kiangazi, a burst of formative, as in kitabu, &c. See
sunshine, ray of light, reflected Ki, and cf. kidogo.)
brightness,
interval
of
Kiatu, n.(zu-), native shoe,
brightness, or fine weather. (Cf.
sandal, and used of any kind
anga, tnwanga, anga/ia, &c.)
known in Z. K. cha ttgozi, leather
Kiango, n. (vi-), a small sus- sandal, flat sole with cross strap
pended stand, carrier, or support and small thong igidamu) between
(for a lamp, &c.). Dim. of the toes. (Cf. ku- bazi.) K. cha inti, a
mwango. (Cf. anga, angika, and kind of wooden clog, worn
indoors, and held on by a peg
chango, a peg.)
(rnsuruaki) between the toes.
Kiapo, n. (vi-), an oath, an Known as mtalawanda, from the
ordeal, a trial by oath or ordeal, wood used. K. cha kihindi(kizungu),
a thing sworn by, or used in Indian (Kuropean) shoe. Mshona
maker.
Kibarango,
n.
dim.
of
TTTA
(?
139
KIBABA
poverty has driven liim mad. (Cf. tnoyo, the pit of the stomach. Also
syn. wazimu.)
(2) for kitembe, which see.
Kichaka, n. (vi-), small clump
Kichikichi, n. (vi-), small nut
of trees, thicket, clump (or, heap) or kernel contained in the fruit
of brushwood, bundle of sticks. chikichi of the palm-oil tree
Dim. of chaka.
(tnchikicht).
Kichala, n. (vi-), bunch, cluster
Kichilema, n. (vi-), the heart of
of fruit. K. cha mzabibu, a bunch of the growing part at the top of a
grapes. (Cf. uchala, chana, tana.) cocoanut tree,a soft nutty
_
substance used as salad and also
cooked. Called also tnoyo wa
Kichaliohali, adv. on the back, tnnazi, kilclc cha tnnazi. See
of a supine position, i. e. Mnazi.
mgongoni. See Chali.
Kichinjo. n. act (mode,
Kichane, n. (vt'-), small operation, &c.) of slaughtering, or
splinter of wood. See Chana, v.
sacrificing an animal. Kichinjo cha
Ibrahitnu, Abrahams sacrifice (of
Kichangam*ko,
n.
(vi-), Isaac). (Cf. chinja, chittjo.)
display of gaiety, joyous outburst.
(Cf. changam'ka.)
Kicho, n. (vi-), cause (feeling,
act) of fear, danger, alarm, show
Kicheche,n.
(z-),dim. of fear. A", chake kikarttponya, his
ofcheche, which see.
panic saved him. (Cf. cha v., -cha,
uchaji. Dist.jicho.)
Kichego, n. also Kigego and
Ki- jego (which see).
Kichoohoo, n. (vi-), act, method,
Kicheko, n. (vi-), a laugh, or instrument of stirring up, e. g.
smile, giggle, grin. (Cf. chcka, (1) a poker, making up a fire,
chcko.)
stoking; (2) also fig. provocation,
Kichembe, n. (vi-), (1) dim. of taunt, provocative speech, &c.
chembe, which see. Kichembe cha (Cf. chocha, chochca, and follg.
KICHOCHO
142
KIDOKO
Kidinga,
n.
Kidingapopo,
Kichwa-ngomba,
n.
(vi-),
turning head over heels, a dengue fever. (Cf. homa.)
fraternal
way,
like
brothers.
KICHOCHO
sort of dying.)
142
KIDOKO
K1FUNIKO
145
KIGUGU
Kigawanyo,
n. that which
Kigongo
cha
mountain ridge.
rnlima,
( 3 ) A seam,in sewing.
Kigosho, n. (vi-), bend, crook,
K1FUNIKO
145
KIGUGU
Kijichwa, n. (vi-),
kiehwa, a small head.
dim. of
jembe,
KIJITU
148
KIKAPO
pembe, bori.)
KIJITU
148
)
KIKAPO
KIKOKO
jeshi.)
bantam.
KIKUKTJU
151
KILEO
KIKUKTJU
151
KILEO
Kilimia, n. the Pleiades (constellation). K. ikizama kwa jua huznka kwa mvna, if the Pleiades set
in fine weather, they rise in rain.
(For stars cf. nyota, sayari.)
Kilimo, n. (vi-), (1) hoeing, and
so the care of a plantation
generally, i. e. cultivation,
agriculture ; (2) products of
cultivation, produce, crop. Mwaka
hun watu wameongokewa na kilimo ,
this year people have succeeded
well in their cultivation. Vilimo
vinasongana, the crops are too
crowded, are planted too close.
(Cf. lima, mlima, mkulima, &c.)
KIKUKTJU
151
KILEO
KIMELEA
154
n.
the
dialect
KINA
resemblance, dependence, or
other social relation, or a person
with others so connected with
him. It is often heard as akina (see
note), and in plur. form wakiha. E.
g. kina sisi, a kind of generalized
plural, such as we, people like
us, the lot of us, we. Akina nahi
huyu ? Who is this ? implying
What are his connexions ?
whether as master or dependent.
Akina Abdallah may* mean (1)
Abdallahs following generally,
his people or dependents, or (2)
Abdallah himself alone, or (3)
Abdallah with his retinue. So
Akina bwana anakuja, the master is
coming. Kina mwinyi mkuu, the
chief and his court. Kina is also
used (with
KIMELEA
154
moja, you will have enough of him
in one day. Kujikinaisna ubora, to
vaunt his perfections. (Ar. Cf.
-kinaifu, ki- ttaya, and syn. shiba,
shibisha, rith- isha, chukiza, and for
boasting, jisifu, fivuna.)
KINA
-ishwa,
-iza,
-izwa,
KIMELEA
154
KINA
KLNINGINA
157
KINYONGA
Kinyefu, n. {vi-), and Kinye- the first. (Cf. nyuma, and baada.)
nyofu, a tickling or tingling sensaXinyumba, n. (vi-), an unmartion, itching*. (From tiyea, cf.
ried woman, living with a man as
nyegi.)
his wife. (Cf. nyumba, mchumba,
Kinyogelo, n. {vi-), name of a suria, hawaa.)
small animal, skunk (Str.).
Xinyumbu, . n. (vi-), dim. of
Kiuyemi, n. and a., something nyumbu, a small mule.
good, pleasing, acceptable. Kipya
Xinyunya, n. (vi-), a little cake,
kinyemi kittgawa kidonda, a novelty
has its charms, even a new sore. a bit of a cake, a sweetmeat. (Cf.
nyunyiza, sprinkle, and nyunyo.)
(Cf. Ar. ncema.)
Xinywa,
Xinywaji,
Kinyesi, n. {vi-), excretum,
like kinyaa. Also in plur. manyesi. Xinyweleo. See Xinwa, Xinwaji,
Xinweleo.
(From nya.)
Xinza, v. object, contradict,
Kinyonga, n. (vi-), (1) hip-comdeny, oppose, rebel. Rp. kinzana,
plaint. (Cf. ktfua, kimio, See.).
object, stand in the way, oppose,
(2) Chamelion. (Perh. both from contradict. Kinzana na mtu, dispute
nyonga, wriggle, twist.)
with a person. (Not often heard.
Cf. follg. and kinga, kingana,
Xinyonge, n. and adv., from pingana.)
-nyotige, state of wretchedness, abject destitution, degradation, &c.
-kinzani,
n.
refractory,
combative, obstructive. (Cf. prec.
Xinyongo, n. (vi-), of a mental and ukinzani.)
or moral twist, (1) fancy, scruple,
fad; (2) ill-feeling, grudge,
Xinzano, n. (ma-), objection,
bitterness,
spite,
resentment. obstruction, contradiction. (Cf.
Usifanye kazi kwa k., do not work prec. and kinzana.)
unwillingly, as if against the
Xioja, n. (vi-), something that
grain.. Mpenzi hana k., a lover has
no scruples (doubts, hesitation). astonishes or terrifies, an oddity, a
Mwenyi k., a hypochondriac. (Cf. curiosity, a portent, a bugbear, a
nyonga, ki- nyonga, unyonga, also monster. (Cf. kitisho, shani, ajabu,
syn. mfundo, kikombo, chuki, a/a.)
uchungu.)
KLNINGINA
157
KINYONGA
wool, lint), e. g. for medical a small cave, den, hole, mousehole. (Cf. kitundu, kishimo.)
application.
Kipambo, n. (vi-), an ornament,
ornamental work, a fitting,
furniture of a house. Nyumba hii
haitta k., this house is unfurnished,
e. g. of a poor mans dwelling.
(Cf. pamba, v., patnbo, also syn.
kijaa, chornbo, urembo, ttzuri.) .
Kipande, n. (vi-), (1) a small
bit, piece, slip, part, of anything
(cf. furtgu,schema, kitambo, kidogo,
koto); (2) an instrument, tool,
utensil (cf. chornbo, kittt, samarti).
K. cha ttyama, a scrap of meat. K.
cha tutu, a diminutive man, a
mannikin (contr. pande la mtu,
,
Kipengee, n. {vi-), (1) sidepath, by-way, way round, sidechannel, out of the straight or
usual course; (2) evasion,
subterfuge, shift, indirect means
of obtaining an object. Ma- neno
yake haya vipengee, these statements of his are evasive
(shuffling,
deceitful).
(Also
pengee.)
KIPATO
100
KIPINDUPINDTT
KIPATO
100
KIPINDUPINDTT
kipaku.)
kifuniko,
kificho,
KIBUNGU
n. (vi-), anything
103 Kishaufu,
KISHOGO
M
KIBUNGU
103
KISHOGO
chuo.)
kitambo, tambo, tam- baa, tit am baa, length, a certain length or height,
m tambo, iamba, and others, which mtu wa k., a man of some height,
however do not seem referable to a tall man. (Cf. tambo, pa tide.)
KITANDIKO
168
out,
spread
out,
and
kichali.)
KITEMBWE
KITANDIKO
168
KITEMBWE
hila.)
KITANDIKO
pawn (Str.).
168
KITEMBWE
KITWANA
109
KIUNGUJA
Kiungulia,
n.
stomachic
disorder causing eructation or
belching, heartburn,also k. cha
moyo. (Cf. ungua, and for the
symptoms, cheuka.')
KITWANA
109
171
KIWIMAWIMA
KITWANA
109
dim.
of
KIWIMBI
172
K1ZUKA
kuttdc, sold in Z.
KIWIMBI
Koga, n. mould, blight,
mustiness. Fa/iya (o/a) k., get
mouldy (blighted). (Cf. kutu,
kizwiwe, and dist. ukoga.) Also v.
for kuoga, bathe. See Oga.
172
K1ZUKA
KOLEKOLE
175
EOMBO
KOLEKOLE
175
EOMBO
z.)
KOPA
178
KORONGO
&c.). (Dist. mkoo, ukoo, and cf. metal articles, e. g. kopo la ntaji, a
umtOj roho.)
gutter, rain spout. (Cf. tasa, sufuria,
and for other vessels generally
Kopa, n. (ma-), a slice of dried chombo, chungu.)
cassava (vihogo). (Cf. vihogo,
ubale.)
Kora, v. please, satisfy, be on
good (comfortable, confidential)
Kopa, v. (i) get food or money terms with, be loved by. Chakula
on credit, borrow for trading hiki kimenikora, this food has satispurposes, i.e. on promise to fied me. Ps. korwa, c. g. be loved
account
for
according
to by, have ones wishes met by, be
agreement, negotiate a loan on pleased with. (Ar. Cf. syn. pendeza,
credit. K. mail (nguo,fetha), borrow rilhisha.)
goods (cloth, cash). (2) Swindle,
cheat, defraud, get on false
Korani, n. the Coran, the Mapretences. Ps. kopwa, i.e. (1) (of hommedan Bible. (Cf. sura,
things) be borrowed ; (2) (of chapter; juzu, ay a, short section;
persons) be swindled. Ap. kop-ca, soma and hitima for reading.)
-ewa, borrow from (for, with, &c.),
cheat by (for, with, &c.), e. g. . *Korija, n. and Korja, a score, a
nimekukopea nguo kwa Baniani kwa lot of twenty, twenty together.
reale mbili, kwa muda wa miezi Used in selling poles, strings of
miwili, I have borrowed cloth for beads, lengths of cloth, &c.
you from the Banian for two
Korodani, n. sheave of a
dollars on a credit of two months.
Cs. kop-esha,-eshwa,-eshea, -eshewa, pulley. (?Ar. Cf. roda.)
lend, supply goods on credit (to),
-korofi, a. (same with D 4 (P),
advance as a loan, e. g. mlipe mtu
kadiri akukopesheavy0, pay him as D 5 (S), D 6), (1) evil-minded,
much as he advances to yon. (Cf. tyrannical, destructive, malignant,
brutal, savage; (2) inauspicious, of
Ar. azimu, karithi.)
ill omen, unlucky. Mkorofi sana
Hope, n. (, and ma-), (1) huyu, he is a monster of cruelty.
burnt end of the wick of candle or Ndege korofi, an evil (inauspicious,
lamp, snuff, i. e. kope la taa, hope la unlucky) omen. (Cf. follg. and
utambi; (2) eye-lid, e. g. nje ya kope ukorofi.)
chozi likichuuza, outside the eye-lid
Koroflka, v. be treated brutally,
a tear was trickling. Kwa kope la
juu na chini, in the twinkling of an be ruined. Also Cs. korof-isha, -ishzua, treat with cruelty, bring to
eye. (Cf. ukope, kikope, kopesa.)
ruin. (Cf.prec.,and syn. haribika,
Kopesa, v. kopesa macho, angamia.)
wink. (Cf. kope,pepesa macho,finya
Koroga, v. stir, stir up, mix by
stirring (of liquids). K. rnaji, make
macho.)
Kopo, n. (, and via-), used water muddy by stirring. Ps.
very generally of any vessel of korogiva. Ap. korog-ea, -ewa, stir
metal (esp. of tin, zinc, sheet with (in, for, &c.). Cs. korog- esha,
iron), can, mug, pot, jug, cup, -eshwa. (Cf. buruga, vuruga, pigisha,
Scc.,the size being relatively mkorogo.)
indicated by the declension, e. g.
Koroma, v. snore, snort, groan,
kikopo, a small jug, makopo, very
large jugs. Used also of other and of similar sounds. Amesikia
wamekoroma, he .has heard them
N
to
KOPA
kisti,jambia, kijembe.)
178
KORONGO
KOPA
178man.
Kuna
safari leo, there is a
KORONGO
journey to-day. (a) May refer to
an Infinitive or noun beginning
with ku-} e. g. kusafiri kumekwisha,
travelling is over. (3) Is the
objective Pfx. of 2 Pers. Sing., e.
g. naku- penda, I love you. Kwcnda
huko kulikufaa, going there did
you
good.
And,
with
-enifollowing, the root ku supplies
one form of the objective Pfx. of
2 Pers. Plur. Nakuambienii I tell
you (people). (6) As a sign of
tense, ku, with the Negat. Pers.
Pfx. preceding it, is the sign of
the Past Tense of the Negat. Con
jug., e. g. sikujua, 1 did not know.
Hazikupendwa, they have not been
liked. Kuja huku hakukukukumbitsha, coming here did not
remind you. ' (c) Ku is the sign of
the Infin. Mood in all verbs, e. g.
kuwa, kwenda, kupenda, &c. (d)
Ku is
inserted,
without
specific
meaning, before the root of all
monosyllabic verbs (i. e. -fa, -cha,
-la, -pa, -nya, -ja, -wa), and of some
disyllabic verbs occasionally (e.
g. is ha, uza, oga, ota), after all
tense signs, except a, ja, ka, hi, ku,
nga (which alone are capable of
bearing an accent), e. g. alikufa,
avukufa,
atapuja,
not
alifa,
amepa,ataja. Obs. ku as Infinitive
sign is sometimes dropped, esp.
when a verb preceding and
governing the Infinitive is a
semi-auxiliary, e. g. nimekwisha
pata (for kupatd), I have got. A taka
fany a, he wants to do it. Aenda
tafuta, he goes to search. 2. In
adjectives, ku- is the pfx. agreeing (a) with D 8; (<) like pangu
and mwangu, with nouns of the
Locative form, ending in -ni, e. g.
kukwaa kwake nyumbani kwangu, his
sojourn in my house. 3. Ku is also
used, but only in connexion with
a few roots, to form (a) nouns, e.
g. kuzimu, the world of spirits, the
state or place of departed souls,
kumoja, one kind, e. g. kazi zetu
hazina kit- tnoja, our work is not
all of one kind ; kushoto, the lefthand, as indi
KUBA LI
181
KUKU
KUBA LI
181
KUKU
KUBA LI
181
Kumbe,
adv.
expressing
astonishment,
pleasant
or
unpleasant surprise, Lo and
behold ! What do you think ?
For a wonder, all of a sudden;
Kumbi, n. (wa-), also Kumvi,
Kumfi, the fibrous husk or
sheath . of various plants, esp. of
the cocoa- nut, areca-nut, &c.
Kumbi is used collectively (i. e. of
the material generally), but the
plur. is commonly used. Single
fibres arc called uzi (pL nyuzi). The
husks are commonly buried in pits
on the shore or in a wet place, till
the fibres are loosened. They are
then taken up, beaten out, and
cleaned, and called makumbiya
usumba. (Cf. kumvi, ukumvi, prob.
the same word,like jambia, and
jamvia,, &c.)
KUKU
See
Kumbwaya, n. a kind of
drum standing on feet. (Cf.
ngoma.)
kuttunu.)
KUNA
184
KUNGWE
secret,
wile,
KUNA
184
KUNGWE
piga mtai.)
makusudi, like kwa kusudi. And as sembled, meet. Also kutan-ia, -iwa,
KUTTJ
187
-KUZA
elephant
would
be
described as the nyarna
ntkubwa,
largest
of
animals. Buslani kutty a
great
(grand,
fine)
garden. Obs. kiazi kikutt,
yam, often of great
size in East Africa. (3)
*
Noble,
pre-eminent,
high-class,
excellent,
influential. (3) Overgreat, presuming on
greatness,
excessive,
unnatural, outrageous,
beyond
the
proper
bounds of decorum
(self-control,
human
nature). E.g. nianoto
makuu,presumptuous,
boastful words. Taka
makuu, aim too high, be
over- ambitious. Piga
makuu, give oneself airs,
be arrogant, make a
great show. Hana makuu,
he is an unassuming,
civil spoken, humble
person,sometimes in
contrast to -kuu in other
senses,
e.g.
makuu
rnctigila- kini hana makuu,
he has many great
qualities, but he never
makes too much of
them. (Cf. -kubwa, kua,
kuza, &c.)
hand does not cut the left. (Cf. ku, for ku-, which see.
and kushoto, ktimoja, ku- zimto, and
Kwa, prep. (ku combined with
follg.)
the variable prepositional element
Kuvuli, n. mkono wa kttvuli, the -a, which see). This is the most
right-hand,for mkono wa kuurnt, com- moh and comprehensive of
which is usual in Z. (Cf. prec.)
the few Swahili prepositions,so
' comprehensive as to cover most
Euwa, v. Infin. of wa, be (which of the meanings of thet other
see), to be, being, existence. Can common prepositions, i.e. -a, na,
be used of pure existence (cf. and katika. Subject to the few
Mwtnyi kuwa, as a title of God, the limitations characteristic of each
Existing One, the Self-existing.)
of these (see -a, Na, Katika), kwa
can be represented according to
Kuwili, n. and adv., the double the context by to, in, at, from, by,
kind, in a double way, in two for, with, on account of, in respect
ways. Kisu kikali kuwili, a knife of, as to, and indeed almost any
with two edges. Anatajwa kuwili, lie preposition denoting relations of
has two names. (Cf. ku, and time, place, motion, object, instrukumoja, kuurnt, &c.)
ment, and condition generally.
Kwa is seldom used, however, of
Ku>u, n. See Mkuyu.
the
Agent
proper,
or
of
Kuea v. Infin. (1) Cs. of kua, comparative nearness or distance
make great. (2) f/w,scll, for kuttza. (see Na), nor of relations which
may be called adjectival (see -a).
(3) Uza for uliza, ask.
E. g. toka kwa, come from (or, out
-kuza, a. (same with D 4 fP), D 5 of); kaa kwa, remain at; enda kwa,
(S), and I) 6), well grown, tine, go to. Ua kwa mkuki, kill with a
big of its kind,of things capable spear. Kwa nini? For what ? Why ?
of growth. 3 'ule f>aka mkuza satta, Kwa sababu ya, because of, by
that is a very fine cat. (Cf. kua, reason of. Kwa habari hizi, at
-kubwa, -kuu.)
(about, on account of) these news.
Wali kwa mchuzi, rice with gravy.
Kuzi, n. (ma)-, also Kusi, an Alia kwa tano, five per cent.
earthenware pitcher or jug, larger IVangwana kwa watumwa, gentry,
than gudulia, with handle or slaves and all. Andika kwa kihandles and narrow neck. (Cf. swahili, write in Swahili. Kwa
mtungi, chombo.)
haraka, in haste, hastily. Kwa hivi,
thus. Kwa with a noun, commonly
Kuzimu, n. state (place, a name, following, often denotes a
condition) of departed spirits of single object or idea, e.g. kwa
the dead, the grave, the lower AJponda, Mpondas town. Kwa
world. Enda kuzi- muni, die and be mfalme, the chiefs house. Hence
buried. Chungulia k., look into the katika is sometimes used with it,
other world, i.e. be at deaths door, e.g. katika kwa nduguyc, from (at,
have one foot in the grave. K. kuna to) his brothers house. Kwa is
matnbo, the world of spirits has its rarely
used
with
Personal
wonders. (Cf. mzimu, and perh. Pronouns, the corresponding form
wazimu, also zima, zimwe, and for of the adjective, \.e.kwangu,kwako,
the form ku, and syn. ahera, peponi, kwake, &c.,being substituted,
huko.)
unless some special meaning is
intended, e.g. asiyeona kwa yeye,
Kw-, as a pfx. before vowels, is akionywa haoni, he who does not
KUTTJ
187
-KUZA
see of himself does not see if he is of kwa yeye, to (from, at, with) him
shown. (Cf. -a, katika, na.)
(her, it), to his house, &c. (3)
Form of a. -ake, agreeing with D S
Kwa, form of the prep, -a and locatives in -ni. (Cf. ku, -ake,
(which see) agreeing (i) with D 8, and kwangu.)
(2) with locatives ending in -ni,
e.g. nyu- mbani kwa nduguye, in (to,
Kwako, n. adv. and adj., same
from) his brothers house.
as kwake, but relating to 2 Pers.
Sing., i. e. wewe, you.
(Cf.
Kwaa, v. (1) strike the foot -ako.)
(against an object), stumble,
knock, be stopped by a sudden
Kwale,
n.
partridge,
obstacle;
including several species.
( 2 ) fig. falter, hesitate, be
brought to a stop or
check, get into a
difficulty. K. na jiwe, or
jiweni, knock the foot
against a stone. Heri
kukwaa
kidole
kuliko
kukwaa ulimi, better to
Kwamba,
coxx).{ku-amba,
saying), of very general meaning,
and translatable according to the
context defining the particular
sense of saying, intended, e.g.
(1) (stating) that, so to say,also
ya kwamba; (2) (supposing) if, as if,
suppose, even if; (3) (objecting)
though. It is also used, though not
commonly in Z., after the relative
formed with atnba, c. g. ambaye
kwamba, who,of a person, ambalo
kwamba, which, &c., and with
similar indefinite meaning in the
phrase Kwambaje ? How is it ?
Kwambaje kwako? How arc you?
(Cf. karna, ya kuwa, and sec Amba,
Arabia.)
KWAPA
100
KWEUPE
boast,
vaunt
oneself.
Hence
( 3 ) wear
away, diminish,
spend
(materials,
means,
money). (The Infinitive form
L.
kula is used as the root form in
certain tenses, as is the case
L represents the same sound with other monosyllabic verbas in English.
roots. See ku, 1 .(d) and ja.)
Mlajini mla leo, mla jana kalani?
This sound is interchangeable The eater of to-day is the man
in most Swahili words of Bantu who eats, the eater of yesterday,
origin with that of a smooth what has he eaten ? Rarely
untrilled r, and often in words la is used as the imperative, e.g.
from Arab sources.
vyakula hivi la, eat this food. I
tabula Jet ha (saa nzitna, siku
Hence words not found under
kikomo, hatima, aheri.)
KWAPA
100
KWEUPE
LAMBA
103
LEGEA
LAMBA
103
LEGEA
sober,
become
steadyin
manner, gait, &c.a Rv. Nt.
form. (Cf. prec. and lewa.)
Levy a. v. make drunk,
intoxicate, cause to reel, make
stagger, make giddy. Jilevya, make
oneself drunk, get intoxicated.
Also Rd. levya- levyaa Cs. form
in -ya, cf. potty a. (Cf. prec.)
Lewa, v. be drunk (giddy,
intoxicated), stagger, sway, reel,
wave to and fro. Lezva kwa pombe,
be drunk on native beer. Lewa kwa
bahari, of the effects of seasickness,be giddy. Dau lalewa,
of a boat on a rough sea,roll
and pitch. Also Rd. lewa- lewa,
reel and stagger. (Cf. levya, levuka,
-levi, ulevi, kileo, and dist. lewa, Ps.
of lea, rear, educate.)
LAMBA
103
LEGEA
kilimo.)
-limaji,
a.
engaged
agriculture. Mlimaji, same
mkulima. (Cf. lima.)
in
as
pleasure deferred, enjoy the firstfruits, get the benefit of, use for
the first time. E.g. watu wanalimbuka leo vitu vya mwaka, people
are now beginning to enjoy the
years produce. Kwetida kulimbuka
katika shamba lake, go to enjoy the
first- fruits of his estate. Ps.
limbukwa. Ap. litnbuk-ia, -iwa. Cs.
limbu-sha, -shwa, e.g. reward
waiting, give a foretaste of, satisfy
hope deferred, yield the wishedfor result, answer expectations.
(Cf. limbika, and follg.)
Malindi.)
-LIMAJI
196
LING A
of a movement in dancing,
bending the head forward and
sweeping round. IVatu pia
wamelinga kiatu hiki, every one has
tried
on
this
shoe,of
Cinderellas slipper. Ps. lingwa.
Nt. lingika. Ap. ling-ia, -iwa. Rp.
lingana, e. g. match, be like, be
level, harmonize,also, make a
suitable reply. Also linganya, linganisha, ? linganyua. (Cf. -linganifu.)
-LIMAJI
196
LING A
Lowama, v. be in a wet
condition, be soaked, &c., and Ap.
lowamia. Cs. lowamisha. (A St.
form. Cf. Iowa, and follg.)
-lowefu, a. and -loefu (same
with D 4 (P), D 5 (S), D 6), wet,
moist, damp, soaking. Fanya gundi
ilo- weke kalika maji hatia ilowame,
let the gum be steeped in water,
till it is thoroughly soaked. (Cf.
Iowa, and syn. inaji inaji, chepe
chepe, -a ru- tubaP)
*Lozi, n. (ma-), an almond,
from the tree inlozi.
Luba, n. a leech. See Mruba.
*Lugha, n. language, speech. L.
ya kiunguja na kimvila ni mbali
kidogo, the language of Zanzibar
-LIMAJI
196
LING A
100
M
Many must therefore be looked
for, if not found under m, mw- (or
the other common pfxs. ma-, mb-),
under the letter next following,
where at least the root-meaning
may be indicated.
M, as a simple independent
syllable, is a verb-form (you)
are, used like other person
prefixes for ni, agreeing with the
Pronoun of a Pers. Plur. e. g. ninyi
m watu wazuri, you are fine people.
M (or mw- before a vowel, and
in some words mu-) is, as a
formative A. of nouns, (i) the
characteristic
initial
sound
(properly semi-vocal, but often
practically
consonantal,
as
noticed above) of D i (S), D 2 (S),
and of adjectives agreeing with
them other than pronominal
(which as a rule begin with w, i. e.
u, not mu, e. g. mitt wangu, mti
wenyewe). The omission of m
before words of these declensions
has the effect of transferring them
to D 5, usually giving them an
amplificative meaning. (2) a
formative of verbal nouns,
prefixed at pleasure to any verbal
stem, act. or pass., and forms a
noun denoting 1. a personal agent
(or patient) and (a) if the final
vowel of the verb stem is
unchanged, the noun is so
completely verbal as usually to
govern a noun following, e. g.
mla watu, a cannibal,but (b) if
such final vowel is changed to -e,
-1, or has -//affixed, the noun is a
true noun, -e often indicating a
passive force, -ji an habitual
agent, c.g. mmtti, mchungaji, ntkaic.
2. If the final vowel is -0, the noun
denotes an action or thing acting,
not a personal agent. Cf. nuhindo,
mwattso, tmutt guko, See.
Ik In adjectives, a prefix
AT A .
*Maabudu,
(objects) of
Ci.abudu,ibadaf)
n. an object
worship. (Ar.
*Maalum, a.
recognized, true.
elimu.)
well-known,
(Arab. Cf.
Maandamano, Maandamizi, n.
Maarufu,
a.
celebrated, famous.
prec.)
known,
(Ar. Cf.
Maapizo,
n.
plur.,
imprecations,
curses,
denunciations. (Cf. apa, ajtiza.)
Maarifa, n. knowledge, information, intelligence, news. Afambo ni
maarifa, si ttguvu, the world is rule
MACHWEO
fetha, silver.)
202
MAGEUZI
Mahari, n. a marriage
Mnjani, n. plur. grass, leaves,
settlement, money or property in general. See Jani.
paid to the wifes relations, or
Majoruhi, a. wounded. (Ar.
Cf. jtraha, jeruhil)
MACHWEO
settled on the wife. Tumepatana na
mahari yake rupia sittini, we have
agreed ns to her dowry, viz. sixty
rupees. (Ar. Dist. mahali.)
Mahati, n. a carpenters gauge
for marking lines. Also, a marking
cord, ruddle. (Hind.)
Mahazamu,n.ashawl
or
wrapper worn round the wai^t as a
girdle. (Ar. Cf. ntshipi, masombo,
utu- mbuul)
Mahindi, n. plur. single grains
of Indian com, maize, i.e. seeds of
the
202
MAGEUZI
and toba.)
Makaa, n. plur. coal, charcoal.
Majibu, n. an answer, reply, See Kan.
response, also as a plur. form, answers. (Ar. Cf. jibu, jaw abu.)
Makalalao, n. nickname of the
Madagascar settlers in Zanzibar.
Majilio, n. plur. time (place, (M. means cockroaches,in Z.
manner, &c.) of coming (to), ap- commonly mende.)
proach, arrival, advent. (Cf. ja,
jilia.)
Makali, n. the sharp part, edge,
point, of a thing, e.g. makali ya
Majilipa, n. also Majilipo, Ma- upanga, the edge of a sword, as
jilip-izi, -izo, -isho, repayment, re- contr. with bapa, the flat. (Cf. -kali,
quital, revenge. (Cf. lipa, malipo, ukali, and mapana.)
and syn. kisasi.)
*Makani,
n.
dwelling,
MACHWEO
dwelling- place, residence, home.
(Ar. Cf. masikani, makazi, kao,
makao.)
202
MAGEUZI
2C5
MAKI
MALELEZI
*Makufuru,n.
infidelity,
sacrilege, blasphemy. (Ar. Cf.
kqfiri., ku- furu.)
marriage
bed,
sexual
intercourse. (Cf. laza, lala.)
J&alele, n. orchilla weed,
used as a dye, and a regular
article of commerce in East
Africa.
Malolezi, n. plur. the season of
uncertain and cnanging winds, between the monsoons and during
the rains, i.e. about April and
Novem- ber in Z. Also called
tang a rttbili. (Cf. musirnu, kusi,
kaskasi.
Mali,
n.
(treated
indiscriminately as D 6 or D 5
Malipo, n. plur. payment,
(P)), property, goods, wealth, reward, atonement, vengeance
riches, possession. Thus mali yake suffered or inflicted. (Cf. lipa, and
nyingi, malt mengi, mali zake chache. prec.)
Ni mali ya, it is the property of.
Malisaa, n. shot, i. e. small
Mali ya watu (or ya mwenyewe), it is
some one elses property, it is not shot, for firearms, &c. (Cf. lisasi,
bullet,
and kiasi, cartridge.)
mine. There is a game called
maliya ndimu, guessing at an
Malisha, n. and Malisbo,
unseen striker. (Ar.)
pasturage,
grazing
ground,
Malidadi, n. one who makes a paddock, forage, food for cattle,
(Cf. la,
show, esp. of dress, a showily &c.
dressed person, fop, dandy,
coxcomb. (Cf. umalidadi, urembo, lisha, and machunga.)
mlimb- .wendel)
Maliza, v. (1) complete, finish
off, bring to end, conclude, wind
Maliki, v. make a beginning up;
of, set to work on, start a job, e. g.
of construction, cultivation, &c.
( 2 ) abolish, kill, destroy. M.
M. nyumba, begin to build a house.
kazi, finish a job. M. deni,
M. shamba, begin to clear, or hoe, a
pay off a debt. M. adui,
plantation. M. kuunda chombo,
annihilate an enemy. Ps.
begin to construct a ship. Ps. mamalizzva. Nt. ??ializika.
likiwa. Ap. malik-ia, -iwa. Cs. malikAp. maliz-ia, -iwa. Cs.
isha, -ishwa. (? Ar. Cf. miliki, and
maliz-isha, -ishwa. Rp.
syn. anza, shika.)
malizana.
(Ar.
Cf.
timiliza,
and
syn.
Maliki, n. See Malki.
kamilisha, iska.)
Malimwengu, n. i. e. mambo ya
ulimwengu, worldly matters, mun-
many together, a general wailing. over) that thing. (Ar. Cf. malki,
(Cf. lia, and Cs. liza, lizana.)
miiiki,milki, and syn. enzi, amri,
hukumu, ngtivu, uwezo.)
Andaa.
hawa.)
Manjano, n. turmeric,used as
a yellow colouring material for
ornament, and also in curry
powder,an
East
Indian
vegetable product. Ra- ngiya m.,
yellow colour.
Manowari, n. a man-of-war,
one of the earliest and most established adaptations of an English
word in Swahili. (Others are more
or less commonly known, c. g.
boi, kala, shati, koti, ftilana, sitoki,
kabati, bira, burashi, daktari, stima,
tneli, afsa, dazin, incite, spitali, posta,
a/tsi.)
MANUKATO
208
MAPENDA
Mapishi,
n.plur.
things
Mapana, n. plur. the wide or
broad part of a thing, flat side, (materials, utensils, See.) for
breadth, width, diameter. Meza hii cooking. (Cf. pika.)
ina mapana, this table is broad.
Mapiswa.
n.
unmeaning
Njia mapana thaifu, a road of insignificant width. (Cf. -pana, nonsense, drivel, silliness.
upana, and -nene, and for the form
Mapokeo, n. plur. things
makali.)
received, traditions. See Pokea.
Mapatano, n. plur. agreement,
Maponea, n* plur. means of
contract,
understanding,
conspiracy, alliance. (Cf. pata, subsistence, livelihood, food. (Cf.
pona
, and follg. Also syn. riziki,
patana, and syn.
maajikano,
mkataa.)
ttafuu, vifaa.)
Mapepeta,
n.
plur.
a
Mapwaji, n. plur. coast,
preparation of immature rice
(pepeta za mpunga). (Cf. pepeta.) * foreshore, part affected by tides.
In Z. usually pwatti. (Cf. pwa,
kipwa.)
MANUKATO
208
MAPENDA
Marhamu,
n.
ointment,
*Marakaraka, a. with patches, unguent,
plaster,scented,
stripes, spots,and so of colour, medicated, &c. (Ar. Cf. lehemn,
mottled, speckled, variegated, &c. lihamu, and syn. mafuta, bandiko.)
(Cf. raka, kiraka, and syn.
Marigeli, n. a large metal
madoadoa.)
caldron, chiefly for cooking
*Mara8harasha, n. sprinklings, rice in great quantities.
(Ar.
showers,
drizzle,of
rain, Cf. chomboy
sprinkled perfume, &c. (Ar. Cf.
chungu, sufuria, &c., for vessels of
tttrashi, mar as hi.)
different kinds.)
Marashi, n. scent, liquid
*Marijani, n. coral,but in Z.
perfume. Marashi mawaridiy rose
water. (Ar. Cf. prec. and tibuy not of the stone, or coral rock (cf.
tumbawi
), but of the red coral immatiukato.)
ported and used as ornament.
*Marathi, n. sickness, disease, Called also marijaniya fethaluka.
in general. (Ar. Cf. syn. uwele,
Marika, n. plur. of rika, conand It. ugonjwa. For particular diseases, cf. homa, mini, safura, temporaries, of same age, i. e.
shttruwa, titiwanga, ukoma, baridi umri sawa. (Cf. hirimu and rika.
There is a town called Mdrika, or
yabis, sekeneko, kisonono, See.)
Marka, on the Somali coast, north
*Marathi,n. also Murathi, of Z.)
Matarithi,
well-content,
Marikebu, n. ship. See Meriacquiescent, agreeable, willing.
kebu. (Ar. Cf. rekebu, and syn.
(Ar. Cf. ra- thi, rithika, ura/hi.)
jahazi, and B. chombo.)
*Mardudi, n. repudiation,
Marindi, n. See Malindi.
rejection. (Arab.)
*Marini,
a.
*Maregeo, n. and Marojeo,
bright,
coming back, return, and fig. pleasinginappearance,
smart,
blooming.
Vijana
marini,
reference, recurrence. (Ar. Cf.
fine young people. (Cf.
rejea.)
Marehemu, n. and a., one who syn. -zuri.)
has found mercy,used as a
*Marisaa, n. also Malisaa,
euphemistic term of reference to a
deceased nerson, the late, the shot, i.e. for firearms. (Cf.
risasi, kiasi.)
Masaa,
Masazo.
n.
See
Masalio,
*Marithawa, a. in abundance,
plenty, sufficient. ' (Ar. to ones
Masafi, n. purity, cleanness,
hearts content, as much as one correctness. (Ar. Cf. safiy usafi,
would wish. Cf. rithiy rat hi, and which is seldom used, utakatifu,
syn. ini, telei)
ufasahay tohara.)
*Marra, n. and adv. (i) a time,
a single time, a turn, an occasion,
an occurrence; (2) at once,
immediately. M. mojay (1) once,
(2) at once, immediately. M.mbiliy
twice. M.ya kwanza, the first time.
M. nyingi, often,repeatedly. Marra
kwa marra, time after time, often.
Marra marra, at intervals, at times,
occasionally.
M. hii, at once, on the spot. Marra
chakoymarra changu, now yours,
MASHAIBI
211
MAS OMB O
,Masruf,
supplies
for
an
Maahuzi, n. plur. breaking
expedition or journey, provisions, wind, without noise. (Cf. shu/a,
outfit, goods and money. (Ar. ushuzi, and jamba.)
expenses, outlay. Cf. sari/u,
*Maaia, n. walking, a walk,
gharama.)
gait. Enda masia, go out walking.
*Mashairi,n. plur. o ishairi, (Arab.,
for
usual
tembea,
verses, a poem, poetry. Tunga matembezi.)
mashairi, compose poetry. (Ar.)
Maaiflwa, n. plur. things
Mashaka, n. plur. of shaka, praised,
recommended,
doubts,
trouble,
difficulties, advertised. (Verb, noun passive
danger. (Ar.)
from sifu, cf. follg. and similar
noun ma/endwa, See.)
Maahapo, n. plur. dregs, lees,
sediment, e. g. of squeezed fruits,
Masifu, n. plur. praises, congrains, herbs, &c. (Str.). (Cf. gratulations. (For more usual si/a,
masira, masaiio.)
cf. si/u, v.)
*Mashariki, n. the East, -a ma-masihiya, a. Christian. (Cf.
sharikt, eastern, easterly, oriental. Ar. masiha, Christ, and masiya.)
(Ar. Cf. magaribi, and syn. matlai,
Maaika, n. the season of the
matokea (matho, maao) ya jua.)
greater rains (tnajira ya rnvua nyMashendea, n. plur. rice ingi) in Zanzibar, i.e. March, April,
cooked as a kind of pudding, used
for invalids, not dry like wali,
nor gruel like uji. Mashindea ya
mchcle, ricepudding. Also m.ya
mtama.
MASHAIBI
211
MAS OMB O
*Masuluhu, n. reconciliation,
peace after quarrelling. (Ar. Cf.
suluhisha, selehisha.)
Masumbuo, n. plur. acts of
annoyance, annoying habits or
character. Kijana kidogo kina
masumbuo, a small child is a
nuisance. (Cf. sumbua, -sumbufu,
usumbuo.)
MASHAIBI
211
MAS OMB O
MASHAIBI
211
MAS OMB O
Matiko, n. hardening or
tempering metal. Tia m., harden,
slave,nsed as sfng. and plur. temper. Fundi ametilia m. shoka
(Cf. langu, the smith has tempered my
axe. So tilika ( pa/a, ingia) matiko,
teka, v.)
of the metal. (? Cf. utiko.)
Matembezi, n. plnr. (i) a walk
Matilaba, n. desire, wish, purtaken for pleasure or business, a
ramble, a tour, a round; (2) also pose. Matilaba r!a mradi, desire
and
intention. (Arab., not often in
idle strolling, street walking. Nalikwenda kule matembezi, I went there Z. Cf. tamaa, matamani, mat a- ktva,
shauriy shauko.)
for a walk. (Cf. tembeat rnasia.)
Matilo, n. and Mautilo, a rope
Mathabahu, n. and Mathbahu,
place of sacrifice, altar. (Ar. Cf. from the after-part of the yard to
the masthead, to give greater
mathabuha, thabihu.)
security in a high wind.
*Mathabuha, n. and Mathbuha,
Matimutimu, n. ttyele za ///., disthing sacrificed, * victim,
hevelled, disordered hair.
offering. (Cf. prec.)
and
*Mathahabu,
Mathehebu,
n.
MAUTI
214
MB-
MAUTI
214
MB-
MBELEKO
217
MBOG-A
mbugu.)
MBELEKO
217
MBOG-A
Mchanjo, n. (mi-), a cutting, a Mchelo, n. (mi-), rice,colleclopping, &c. (Cf. chanja, chanjo.) tively, the grain as gathered
Mchanyato, n. a native dish, andcleaned of the husk. Plural
bananas, cassava, &c., sliced up seldom heard, c. g
MCHENGO
220
MCHTJ
oil
Mchungaji, n. same as
Mchunga (which see),the ji
suffix denoting a professional or
habitual occupation, shepherd,
&c.
MCHENGO
220
MCHTJ
MENYA
223
MFASIBI
Mforika.n.
(wa-),a
young fisha.)
animal, goat, sheep, &c., grown
Mflthuli, n. (wa-), an insolent,
but not yet breeding. (Ar. rude,
overbearing,
insulting
Cf.farikiand follg.)
person. (Ar. Cf. fithuli, ufithuli, and
Mfariki, n. a divider, esp. a syn. tnjeuri.)
comblike instrument used in
Mfltini, n. (zba-), one who
weaving. Same as faraka (which causes
discord,
see).
aquarrelsomeperson,
brawler,
of peace,
Mfasiri,
11.
(wa-),
an agitator, disturber
conspirator.
(Ar.
expounder, interpreter, translator. mutineer,
Cf.ftina,fitini.)
(Ar. Cf. fasiri, and tnka/imani.)
Mfiwi,
n.
(mi-),
plant
Mfathili,
n.
(wa-),
a
benefactor, helper, akind, liberal, producing the fiwi, Cape bean.
generous person. (Ar. Cf. fathili.)
Mfo, n. (mi-), torrent, rain-fed
flood, also the channel or
Mfenessi,n. (MI-), a jack-fruit stream,
of a torrent. Mfo mkavu, dry
tree, a single fruit of which often bed
bed,of a torrent. Leo kumeshuka
weighs over 20 lb. (Cf.fenessi.)
mfo, hakupitiki, to-day a flood has
down, it is impossible to
Mfichaji, Mfichifichi, n. (wa-), come
Mto alikuwa na mfo, the river
one who habitually conceals, a cross.
was
in
flood. (Cf. furiko, and mto.)
very reserved or retiring person.
(Cf. ficha, and -nyamafii.)
Mforsadi, n. (mi-), a mulberry
Mflgili, n. (mi-), and Mfljili, a tree, bearing the fruit forsadi.
kind of radish-plant, with an
Mfu, n. (wa-), a dead person.
edible root, figili.
(See -fu. Cf. fa, v., kifo, ufu, and
Mflko, n. (mi-), arrival, reach, syn. maiti.)
range, Mfiko wa lisasi, range of a
(i) (wa-), one who beats,
bullet (gunshot, rifle). (Cf. fka.) esp.Mfua,
of one who works in metal
hammer, &c.. a smith. A
*Mfilisi, n. (wa-), one who with
noun from fua, governing
forces
another
into
ruin, verbalnoun following, e.g. nifua
bankruptcy, &c., a distrainer, achuma(thahabu,
fetha, &c.), a
defrauder, embezzler. (Cf. fli'si, blacksmith
(goldsmith,
and follg.)
silversmith, &c.). Mfua nguo, one
Mfllisika, n. (wa-), a ruined who washes clothes, a washerman
(commonly dobj. in Z.). (2) (mi-),
person, bankrupt. (Cf. prec.)
mifua (or mifuo), bellows. Vukuta
tnifua, blow bellows. (Cf. fua,
Mfinyangi,
n.
(wa-),
alsoMflnyanzi(and
-ji), mvukuio.)
Mfuasi, n. (wa-), (1) a follower,
aworkerin clay, a potter. Mfinyanzi
hulia gae, a potter eats off a adherent, retainer, disciple ; (2) a
pursuer, tracker. (Ci.fuata.)
potsherd, i. e. is no millionaire.
MENYA
223
MFASIBI
raises from the dead, restorer of rnfumi, kitanda cha mfumi, mtandc
life. (Cf. fufua.)
* (warp), mshindio (woof).)
Mfugo, n. (mi-), taming, breeding, rearing of birds or animals.
M. wa nyama, cattle breeding. M.
wa frasi, keeping a stable,
breaking-in horses. Nina mifugo
mingi, I rear many kinds of
animals. (C f. fuga.)
Mfuko, n. (mi-), a bag, a
pocket, a general term, with
dim. kifuko, and. fuko (ma-), a large
bag, travelling bag, saddle-bag.
(Cf. fukia,fukua. Various kinds of
bags are fumba, kifumba, gunia,
kiguni, kanda, kikanda,
mkoba, mtumba, &c.)
mbalu,
MGAWANYA
220
MGUNYA
gango, kigango.)
Mgomvi,
n.
(zva-),
a
Mgawanya, Mgawanyi, n. quarrelsome person, brawler. (Cf.
(wa-), a divider, a distributor. gomba, ugomvi, and mjitini.)
(Cf.gawa, gawanya, and follg., also
Mgongo, n. (mi-), (1) the back,
mwenezi.)
back part; back-bone,of man or
Mgawo, n. (mi-), and Mgao, a animal; (2) of things resembling
dividing, division, distribution, the back, anything raised, ridge,
partition. So also Mgawanyo. (Cf. hump, edge. Geuka (elekeza, pa) m.,
gawa, and prec.)
turn the back,in fear, contempt,
&c. (Cf. pa kishogo). Lala
Mgema, n. (wa-), and Mgemi, a mgongoni, lie on the back (cf.
man who climbs and taps kichalichali, kitanitani). M. 7va
cocoanut trees to get palm-wine nyumba, ridge of a roof. Nyumba ya
(tembo). This business (mgemo, m., a house with ridge-roof (cf.
kngema) is a regular profession, pad). Njia ya m., a raised path,
and in Zanzibar is often carried on causeway. M. wa viTvitu, a thick line
by Digo men from the coastland a of trees, a forest ridge. Kinyosha
little north of Z. Cf. Prov. mgemi m., a back- straightener, i. e. a
akisijiwa tembo hulitia tnaji, if the gratuity after a hard job. (Cf.
tapper hears his tap praised he jongo, kijongo, ki- biongo, maongo,
waters it. (Cf. gema, and tembo '.) all of which point to ongo, a form
not used in Z. but occurring in
Mgemo, n. See Mgema.
mongo, mwongo, a back, in other
dialects. Gongo, a thick stick, is
Mgeni, n. (wa-), (i) a stranger, different, cf. gonga, strike, beat.)
new-comer, foreigner; (2) a guest.
Mgeni na aje mweziyeji apone, let the
Mgonjwa, n. (wa-), a sick
foreigner come that the native person, an invalid,used of any
may be the better off. (Cf. -geni.) bodily ailment, serious or slight.
Cf. mwele, bedridden, crippled,
Mgereza, n. See Mwingereza. of
more
serious
illness,
disablement, e. g. mgonjwa aweza
*Mghalaba,n.
competition, kutembea kidogo, mwele atnekazwd
rivalry. Bei ni mghalaba, commerce na mar at hi, hawezi kutembea, a
is competition. (Ar. Cf. ghalibu, mgonjwa can (at least) just move
and syn. B. shindana.')
about, a mwele is gripped by his
and cannot move. (Cf.
Mgogoro, n. (mi-), (1) an malady
gonjweza, ugotijwa, and use
obstacle, obstruction, e. g. a stone -gonjwa,
hawezi, as a semi-noun, and
or tree in a road; (2) a difficulty, of
mzima, sound, in good
nuisance, trouble, worry. (Cf. syn. contr.
health.)
zuizo, tatizo, kwao.)
acacia (Sac.).
*Mhabeshi, n. (wa-), an
Abyssinian,esp.
of
the
female, valued as a slave from
the light complexion. (Cf.
Habeshia.)
*Mhadimu, n. (wa-), a
JIadimu, one of the earlier
inhabitants of the island of
Zanzibar, living mostly on the
east and south of the island, retaining their own dialect and
customs, and till latterly some
independence.
Mostly
fishermen. (Ar. Cf. ha- dimu,
hudumu.)
.
mahatne.)
*Mharabu, n. (wa-), a
destructive person, a destroyer,
a vandal. (Cf. haribu, and syn.
mwangamizi, mwu- aji.)
'
*Mhashiri,n.
(w/-),orMwashiri, a strong
beam, by which the mast is
secured in position in a native
vessel. (Cf. rn lingo/i.)
Mhassi, n. (wa-), a castrated
man or animal, a eunuch. (Ar.
Cf. maksai, and syn.'/awashi.)
*Mhenzorani, n. (mi-), a
plant producing a small kind of
cane, hen- zerani,
Mhimili, n. (1) (mi-), that
which carries (bears, supports), a
beam, girdle, post, prop, bearing.
Also (2) (wa-), a patient, enduring
person. (Ar. Cf. himili, hamali,
hirnila, sta- hitnili, and for patient
mvumilivu.)
heathen
MGAWANYA
ada.)
220
MGUNYA
(Cf. pepol)
maliki,
MIRATHI
Mithili,
n.
likeness,
resemblance, similitude,same
as Methali (which see). Usually
(i) in prepositional phrase
mithiliya, like, just as,or only
mithili. (2) as conj., for (or with
karna), as, like, like as. Na- taka
kasha mithili ya hii, I want a box of
this pattern. IVakaonana mithili
kama anwali, and they met like as
at first. (Ar. Cf. methali, kama.)
Miunzi, n. plur. of mwunzi,
which is seldom used, whistling, a
whistle, Piga miunzi, whistle. (Cf.
ubinja, mbinja, msonyo.)
Miwa, n. plur. of muwa, or mwa,
sugar-cane.
Miwaa, n. plur. of mwaa (which
sec).
Miwani, n. a pair of
spectacles,
cyc-glasscs.
Commonly described as macho
mawili, double eyes. (Ar.)
Miye, pron. 1 Pcrs. S., same as
Mimi, I, me. (Cf. weye, yeye, siye.)
Mizani, n. (1) weighing
machine, balances, scales. The
pan is called kitanga, and the beam
229
MJIGXJTT
MIRATHI
229
MJIGXJTT
(i) uncle,
MIRATHI
*Mkadamu, n. (wa-),
Muka- damu. See Kadamu.
229
MJIGXJTT
tree,known in Z. usually as
mbibo (which see).
MKATI
n*f),and leaves which famish
material (ukindu) for weaving fine
mats, and a fibre used for string.
(For other palms cf. mnazt.)
Mkinga, n. {mi-), anything that
stops, obstructs, or diverts
something else, e. g. mkinga tnaji,
a strip of leaf or stick used to
catch the water running down a
tree, also mchilizi. (Cf. kinga, v.,
and follg.)
Mkingamo, n. {mi-), a crossing,
being athwart, obstructing,in the
way. Njia ya mkingamo, a crossroad. (Cf. kinga, kingama, and
follg.)
Mkingiko, n. {mi-), a cross-polc
laid on the top of upright posts to
carry the lower ends of the rafters
in building a native house. (Cf.
kinga, and prec.)
Mkiwa, n. (wa-), a solitary,
destitute, friendless person, a poor
man. (Cf. -kiwa, ukiwa.)
Mkizi, n. (wa-), a kind of fish.
wa
Mkojozi, n.
(74'a-)
; one who
232
MKINDIT
MKATI
232
MKINDIT
method,
&c.)
of
borrowing,
swindling, &c. (Cf. kopa, ukopi, and
Mkono wake waioa Sana, his hand prec.)
gives freely. Pelekea mkono, lay
hands on, arrest. Then (2) of a
Mkorofi, n. {wa-), an evil-minded,
corresponding
member
in malignant, brutal, tyrannical person, a
animals, front paw. Simba monster, a brute. (Cf. -korofi, ukoroji.)
akamkamata mko- noni, the lion
seized him with its paw. (Cf.
Mkoroga, n. {wa-), a stirrer, i.e. (1)
mkono wa tembo, an elephants a maker of discord, an agitator,1
trunk, and mkono (or kikono, kono),
of the tendrils of a plant.) (3) of
what resembles an arm, e.g. as
projecting, mkono wa sufuria, the
handle of a European saucepan,
as spreading, mikono ya mto
(bahari), branches of a river,
creeks of the sea,as grasping,
&c. (4) as a convenient measure,
from finger tips to elbow, a cubit,
same as (Ar.) thiraa, 18 inches, i.e.
double of a span, and half a yard.
Also in various figurative senses,
e.g. mwenyi mkono mrefu, a
thieving, mischievous, cunning
person, a rogue. Mkono wake mzuri,
he is a liberal, 'open-handed
person. Chuo cha mkono, a handy
book;manual. Kupa mkono, to give
the hand, i. e. greet, congratulate,
condole with, assist, take leave,
take an oath, &c. Mkono wa msiba,
condolence in grief. (Cf. kono,
kikono.)
Mkonzo, n. {ini-'). See Konzo.
Mkoo, n. {wa-), a slut, slattern,
a dirty untidy person, male or
female. (Cf. syn. mchafu, and dist.
ukoo, koo.)
MKUNAZI
235
Mkundu, n.
the
anus,
MKUNAZI
wood,used by a weaver
(mfumi), with which the woof
is tightened after each thread
is inserted. Also called
upanga. (Cf. kitanda cha
rnfunii.)
Mlafi, Mlaji, n. {wa-), an
eater, a consumer, and esp. a
voracious
eater, glutton,
gormandizer. Mlafi is always
an uncomplimentary term.
(Cf. la, v., mla, mlo, ulafi, ulaji.)
Mlala, n. {mi-), one of the
names by which a Hyphaene
palm, or a species of it, is
known. Also the leaf which
furnishes strips for making
mats on for tying. Kisu cha kuchania milala, a knife for
slitting palm leaves. (Cf.
niwaa, mkoche, mkindu.)
Mlamba, n. {wa-), (i) name
of a bird ; (2) verbal of lamba,
one who licks.
Mlango, n. {mi-), (1) door,
doorway, gate; (2) entrance,
means of access, fee for entrance ;
(3) anything resembling a door, e.
g. a pass (in hills and mountains),
a channel (across a bar), a strait,
estuary, mouth of a river; (4) fig.
of a mans relation to his family
or friends, social attitude, circle of
acquaintances, branch of a family.
Mlango wake mzuri, he is a kind,
hospitable, sociable person. Wote
walioko katika mlango wetu, all who
belong to our circle. Penyi wimbi
na mlango nipapo, the channel and
the breaker are close together, i. e.
safety and danger. (Cf. lango,
kilango.)
Native
doors are
commonly of two kinds, (1) a
single door made of pieces of
mwale (i. e. mid-rib of a large
raphia-palm leaf) set side by side
with two cross-pieces passed
through them, making a light
screen, tied or propped in the
doorway; or (2) a double or
235
MKUNAZI
235
MMUNINA
238
MNGARIZO
an
f i l N Q A Z I J A Mngazij
MNYEO
part,
as
opp.
to
bone, i. c.
a, n. (wa-), a native of
the Great Comoro Island. ( nyarna tuju, all meat.
Anzwani, Moalli, Mao/we are other
Mnong'onozi, Mnongoni, n.
islands in the group.)
(wa-), a whisperer. (Cf. follg.)
Mng*oaji, n. (wa-), one who
Mnong'ono,
n.
(mi-),
digs out, roots up, extracts, &c.
Mng'oaji wa mono, a dentist. (Cf. whispering, a whisper. (Cf.
uong'ona.)
ngoa.)
Mngoja, n. (wa-), also Mngoje,
and Mgoja, -e, one who waits at a
place (occupies a station,is on
guard), sentinel, guard, keeper.
Mngoja mlango, hall-porter, doorboy, gatekeeper. (Cf. ngoja, and
follg., and syn. tnlinzi.)
Mngojozi, n. (wa-), keeper,
caretaker, guardian, watchman.
(Cf. ngoja, and prec.)
Mng'ongo, n. (mi-), name of a
tree.
Mnguri, n. (mi-), a shoemakers
mallet. (Cf. msho/ii.)
Mngurumizi, n. (wa-), one who
grumbles, growls. (Cf. tigurtima.)
Mngwana, n. (wa-), one who is
not a slave, a free (civilized,
educated) person, gentleman, lady.
Mngwana ni kitendo, a free man
can* act (while a slave can only
talk). (Cf. ungwana, kiungwana, and
contr. mtumwa.)
Mnjugu, n. (mi-), the plant producing the ground-nut njugu. (Also
njugu, of the plant.)
Mno, adv. very much, too
much, excessively, exceedingly,
beyond measure. Sometimes
combined with other adverbs of
similar meaning, sana mno, mno
ajabu,
very
exceedingly,
wonderfully much.
Mnofu, n. flesh, meat, fleshy
msimamizi.)
Mnyeuyekoo, n. deference, a
humble attitude, reverence, &c.
(Cf. nyenyekea.)
MOLA
241
m,the
MOYO
either denoting
of prurience. (Cf. nyea, and reference or relative distance, in
there, or else giving it the force
kinyefu, nyegi.)
of a relative pronoun, in which.
Mnyimo,
n.
(mi-),
a (See Mu, M, and -o.) Mo (1)
withholding, refusal, prohibition. forms part of the demonstr. adv.
humo, and mumo (which see); (2)
(Cf. nyi?na.)
affixed to ndi- and personMnyiri, n. (mi-), also Mnyiriri, prefixes, and the verb -wa or its
and Mngiri, arm, tentacle, feeler, equivalents, has a demonstrative
of the cuttle-fish pweza (and force, with general or usually
similar creatures ?). Commonly local reference, in there, to (or,
from) inside there, e. g. yumo, he
mkono wa pweza.
is in there. Ndimo alimo, that is
Mnyofu, n. (wa-), a straight- where he is (in). Mi mi simo, I am
forward,
honest,
upright, not in it, i. e. I have nothing to do
trustworthy person. See -nyofu, with it.
Unyofu.
( 3 ) in verb-forms generally
is the form of relative
Mnyonge, n. (wa-), a humble,
pronoun referring to
abject, low, debased person.
place within which,
Mnyonge msonge, name of a kind of
e.g. ndimo akaamo, that
musical entertainment or concert,
is the place he lives in.
in which the performers are
Hamna ! hamna ! ndi?no
women, forming a kind of club.
mliwamo, Nothing in
(Cf. -nyonge, unyonge.)
that! nothing in that!
Mnyororo,n.
(mi-),
also
thats where there is
Mnyoro, Mnyoo, (i) a chain, used
something (to be) eaten.
commonly for securing prisoners,
Mo as a separate word
slaves, &c., hence (2) fetters,
only appears in such a
prison, confinement, gaol. Tia
phrase as mo mote, in
mnyororo, or mnyororoni, imprison,
whatever
place,,
put under arrest. Sometimes (3)
wherever. (Cf. mu, mwa,
intestinal worm, but commonly
humo, ?numo.)
chango. (Cf. kifungo, pingu, mti kati,
Moalli, n. the island Mohilla in
mkatale, and contr. mkufu, light
the Comoro group.
'
ornamental chain.)
o
MOLA
241
MOYO
MOLA
241
MOYO
investigates,
reconnoitres,
examines, &c.; (2) a spy, scout,
tracker, eavesdropper. (Cf.
peleleza.)
MPIKO
244
MPUNGA
unprincipled,contr.
of
mwongofu, and described as mtu
asiyeongoka, a man who does not
go the right way; asiyeshika akili za
mtu mwingine, one who never
listens to others. (Cf. potoa, and
MPIKO
244
MPUNGA
a cross,
Msangao, n. (mi-), also Mshaa cross. ngao (which see).
torture,
Msapata, n. (mi-), a kind of
(Ar. Cf.
native dance. (Cf. ngoma.)
wao we-
MSETHtl
247
MSHINDANI
MSETHtl
247
MSHINDANI
MSOMO
250
MS UK I
mstiri.)
the foot.
MSOMO
250
MS UK I
MTEMBEZ1
253
MTI
MTEMBEZ1
253
MTI
13.
MTULINOA
286
MTUNGO
various shapes and kinds are relative form mo, which is also a
balasi, kasiki, kuzi,gudulia. (Cf. demonstrative of reference or
tunga, tungi, and follg. Also relative distance. (See Mo, and
chomboi)
-o.) It is also identical with m in
forms like mna, mnamo, there is (in
Mtungo, n. (mi-), a putting to- there) (see M-), i. e. a
gether, arranging in a row (and in demonstrative pfx. of general
other senses of, tunga, v.), also of reference with the special idea of
things put together in a row. Used interior- ity, or being inside. (2) is
esp. of fish, mtungo wa samaki, or used in some cases for the nounmtungo only, a string or stick of pfx. m (which sec), especially
fish, i. e. fish on a string or stick. before a u following, as Muuttgu,
Mtungo mkubwa, & great lot (haul, muumishi, or before another m in
catch) of fish. (Cf. tunga, utungo, mumc,
though
the
change
also tanda, panga.)
represents no important difference
of
sound.
Some
foreign
Mtuugisja, n. {mi-), name of a inhabitants of Zanzibar, however,
shrub, a kind of Solatium, with an e.g. the Goanese, regularly proedible fruit.
nounce the w-pfx. as mu, e.g.
mutu, muti, for mtu, mti. (3) apjrcars
Mtupa, n. {mi-), a kind of Eu- as mw in mwa, as kw for ku in kroa.
phorbia, very poisonous. (Cf. Sec -a.
ulupa.) Also verbal n. of tupa, one
who throws.
Mua, n. (1) {miwa), sugar-cane,
better muwa (whichsee); (2)
Mtutumo, n. {mi-), a low distant (waud), verbal form from ua, v.,
roll or rumbling sound, as of one who kills,better mwua
thunder, an earthquake, waterfall, (which see), or muua.
boiling water, &c. (Cf. tutuma, and
perh. telema.)
Muaa, n. (miaa, rniyad). See Mwaa.
Muda, n. (no plur. used),
Mtwaa, n. {wa-), one who
takes, or carries off. Ndiye mtwaa space of time, period, set term,
watu, it is he who carries off fixed interval. M. wa, for the space
people, i.e. the angel of death. of, during. M. kitambo, a short
time. M. mzima, a considerable
(Verbal of twaa.)
time, full time.. Baniani amempa
Mtwango, n. {mi-), act (place, mttda tni- ezi mitatu amlipe, the
or manner, &c.) of pounding with Banian gave him a term of three
pestle and mortar. Also the months for. payment. (Ar. Cf.
pounding instrument, a wooden follg. and syn. muhulla, wakati,
pestle,
usually
me
hi. majira, nafasi.)
(Cf. twanga.)
Mudu, v. stretch, extend. SelMtweto, n. (mi-), panting, gasp- dom except in Rf. form jimudu,
stretch oneself, move ones limbs,
ing. (Cf. tweta.')
as a sick person recovering or
Mu-, (i) is a prefix appearing in for relief. (Ar. Cf. muda, of time,
a few demonstrative adverbs, and syn.ji-nyosha.)
humtt, rnumit, mumo, mle (for mule),
with the meaning in here, in
there, and corresponds generally
to ku in similar uses. (See Ku, 3.
(2).) It is more common in the
MTULINOA
Muhoshamu,
a.
a
complimentary title in the Arabic
fashion of beginning a letter,
honoured. (Ar. Cf. heshimu,
heshima, and see Dibaji.)
286
MTUNGO
(Cf. kimulimuli.)
.
Mume,n. (waume), for mtu mu
me, mwanaume, a male, a man.
Used
alone
tnume
means
distinctively husband, in contrast
Muhebbi, n. and a., also Mu- with mwanaume. (See -ume, and
hebu, Mohebb, beloved friend, cf. mkc.)
dear, affectionate,used like
*Mumiani, n. (ma-), a mummy,
Muha- shamu. (Ar. Qi.habba, and (used in native medicine, &c.).
pre*j.)
(Ar.)
Muhindi, n. (1) {Wahindi), a
Mumo,
adv.demonstr.
of
native of India, but in Z. reference, also mumo humo. See
especially a Mahommedan from Mumu.
East India (as distinct from the
non-Mahommedan
Hindoos
Mumu, adv. demonstr., usually
called Banians) ; (a) (mi-), Indian with humu, i. e. mumu humu, just
corn plant. Sec Mhindi.
inside this very place (in these
circumstances) Just in here. (See
Muhogo, n. (mihogo), the Mu, and cf. mumo, and adv. kuku,
cassava plant. Sec Mhogo.
papa?)
Muhtaaari,
n.
(),
Mumunya, v. also Mungunya,
abridgement, abstract, summary', and Munya, break in small pieces,
list of contents, precis. (Ar.)
esp. in the mouth, i. e. mumble,
prepare for swallowing, e.
Muhulla, n. (), space of munch,
like a toothless person or
time, period, interval. (Ar. Cf. g.
donkey. Nt. mumunyika, (i ) be
syn. muda.)
broken up, munched, crumble
(2) be friable, easily
Muhuri, n. (), seal, signet, away;
or triturated, e. g. like
crest, armorial bearing.' Tia m., crumbled
seal, set seal to, confi rm, sign. bad mortar.
(Ar.)
Mumunye, n. (ma-), a kind of
gourd resembling a vegetable
Mui, n. better muwi, miwi (which sec).
marrow, used as a vegetable. The
Mukadiaha, Mukdeaho, n. a rind when hard and dry is used as
town on the Somali coast, north a vessel to hold fluids,like the
of Zanzibar, formerly (with boga, bityu. The plant is mmmnunye.
Barawa, Merka, IVarsheikh) under
Munda, n. (miunda) (1) a harthe Sultan, now in the Italian
poon, for spearing large fish, i. e.
sphere.
wa kuchomea samaki kubwa. Also
Mulika, v. shine, gleam, throw
( 2 ) a piece of planking,
(make, show) a light. Akumttlikaye
used
in
wooden
tnchana, hukunguza usiku, who
construction. (Cf. unda.)
lights you by day, sets fire to you
by night. Ap. mulik-ia, -iwa, bring
Mundu, n. (miundu), a sickle,
a light for, make a light with, help
with a light. E. g. nimulikie chini, billhook, chopper.
light me downstairs. Cs. mulikMungu, n.
(miungu).
isha,
See
ishwa.
Muungu.
Mungunya, Munya, MunyaMuuaji, Muuguzi, n. See Mwumunya, v., same meaning as mu- aji, Mwuguzi.
munya (which see).
Muumba, n. (waumba), one
Munyi, n. a variant of mwenyi, who creates, makes, fashions, esp.
used in the sing, as a title, chief. as a title of God in Z., the Creator
See Mwenyi.
of the world, i.e. Muumba yote. (Cf.
Munyu, n. (no plur.), salt, in- umba, kiumbe, and syn. Ar. huluku.)
crustation. (Cf. chunyu, chumvi,
Muumishi, n. (waumishi), a pronyunyo.)
fessional cupper. (Cf. umika.)
Muo, n. (miuo), (1) a great
Muundi, n. (miundi). Muundi wa
killing, a slaughter, a massacre mguu, the shin, shin bone, be(cf. ua, v.). Also (2) a wooden tween knee and ankle.
stake used to dig up stones &c.
with, or as a lever, often with an
Muungo, n. (miungo), a
iron point. (Cf. mtaimbo, mchokoo.) fastening, thing which fastens,
esp. a tie, tie- beam, in wooden
Muomo, Mwomo, n. (miomo), construction. (Cf. unga, kiungo.)
variants of mdomo, lip, which is
usual in Z. Ndevu za muomo, or Muungu, n. (miungu,the sing,
only muomo, moustache.
(Cf.
being treated as D 1, the plur. as
mdomo,
D 2). Also may be written
omo.)
*Musimu, n. (no plur.), Mwungu, Mungu, Mngu, (1) God, a
northerly wind, time of the north god; (2) providence, luck,
monsoon at Z., i. e. Dec. to Feb., accident,used to describe
but extended sometimes to the anything unaccountable or
whole season from and to the
period of southerly winds, i. e. unexpected. Words commonly
from October to May. (Ar. For con
other seasons cf. masika, and
mwaka.)
nected
MtJWA
259
MVULE
Mvuje, n.
n. (rniwa), aUo Mua, the asafoctida.
sugar-cane. Less cultivated in Z.
Mvnke, n.
than formerly. There arc still a produced
by
few mills, producing treacle and a perspiration.
coarse brown sugar (sukariguru).
vukiza, and follg.
Musimu, n. Sec Maixnu.
fetid
gum,
Muwa,
hari,jas/io.)
(mi-),
heat,
vapour
steam,
(Cf.
mkondoi)
Mvuvi,
n.
(wa-),
a
professional
fisherman.
Proverbially quarrelsome over
their fish, and so nyumba ya
wavuvi, a noisy, quarrelsome
household. (Cf. vua, mvuo.)
Mw-, as a pfx. See Mu, and M.
Mwa, prep, form agreeing with
the locative form of nouns in -ni,
of (i.e. mu-a, see Mu, -a), e.g.
nyujnbani mwa Mzungu, in the
house * of the European.
Mwaa, n. also Muaa, Mnyaa,
Myaa, with the plur. miwaa, also
mi- yaa, miaa,(\) the Hyphaene,
or Dwarf, palm, also commonly
known as mko- che and mkoma,
furnishing the leaves, which are
generally used as material for
mats, bags, baskets, coarse cord,
and string, (2) a leaf-blade of
this palm. The blade is divided
MtJWA
ukili,
chatla,
259
MVULE
mwaliko.)
Mwamba, n. (miamba),( 1) a
rock, a mass of rock, a very large
stone, a reef. (2) in building, a
ridge pole or wall-plate, i.e. a
transverse pole, resting on the top
of poles forming the side or roof
of a native house. (Diin. kijamba.)
MWAMtr
202
MWANGA
MWAMtr
202
MWANGA
mwendeleo.)
MWENYEWE
265
MWEZI
Mwezi
mwandamo
new
moon,
the
beginning of the month.
M. mpungufu, a month of
29 days. M. kamili, a full
month of 30 days. The
month beginning when
Rama- thani ends is
considered the first
month,
and
called
Mfunguo mosi, i. e. the
first non-fasting mouth.
The next arc called
(Mfunguo) pili (or wa
MWENYEWE
265
MWEZI
Mwoga, n. (waoga),(\) a
coward, a timid person (cf. oga, omba, and follg.)
ogopa, and syn. mho/ti); (a) a
Mwombi, n. (waombt), one who
bather (from oga, bathe, cf. oshd).
makes a petition (or, prayer), a
petitioner, a suppliant. (Cf. omba,
Mwogofyo,n.(//0f.),
threatening, denunciation. (Cf. muomba, mwombaji.)
ogofyai)
ongea.)
MWONGOFU
268
MWUNZI
MWONGOFU
268
MWUNZI
a
doctors mzafzaf.)
prescription, dose, medicine, deMzoga, n. (mi-), carcass, dead
scribed according to the way it is
to be used, e. g. wa kuchoma, to be body, carrion,not usually of ^
heated ; wa kusaga, to be human body, corpse, i. e. maiti.
pulverized ; wa kuchanjia, for (Cf, mwili, pinda.)
inoculation; wa kutafnna, to be
chewed; wa ku- c hems ha, to be *Mzomari, n. a kind of scent,
-a
MZOMEO
N one who is
? rosewater.
(Dist. msomari, a271 Mzuzu, n. (1) {wa),
nail, and zomari, a pipe, flute.)
inexperienced, at a loss what to
do, and so a simpleton, a newMzomeo, n. (mi-), derisive, sar- comer (greenhorn, tender-foot),
castic, insulting noises or speech. an ignoramus. Also (2) name of a
(Cf. zotnea.)
kind of banana (sec Ndizi). (Cf.
zuzua, and syn. mjinga, mgeni,
Mzuka, n. {wa-), one who ap- baraihuli.)
pears suddenly, and so, an apN.
parition, ghost, spirit, goblin. (Cf.
zua, zuka, kizuka, rnzushi.)
N represents the same sound as
This sound involves
Mzungu. n. (i) {wa-^, a in English.
difficulties than any other in
European. Mzungu vnveusi, a more
Swahili,its
Europeanized native (cf. kizungu, learning
grammatical function, together
Uzungu). (2)
{mi-),
with
its
peculiar
phonetic
something wonderful,
affinities, producing the only
of words which can be
startling, surprising, ingenuity, forms
cleverness, a feat, a trick, a called exceptional or irregular.
wonderful device. IVazungii watta
It may be considered A. as a
niizungu, or mizungu kwa IVazungu, sound,
B. as a formative prefix.
i. e. Europeans are always
astonishing. (Cf. -zu/igu, and perh.
A. The sound n is either (1)
conn, with zunguka, kizunguzungu.) purely consonantal, or (2) semivocal.
Mzunguko, n. {mi-), in general,
a going round, a being round, a
( 1 ) Asa pure consonant, n
surrounding, and so (1) revolving, can be combined with any vowel,
circular motion, turning, wh but only five consonants, viz.
irling, &c.; (2) eddy, whirlpool, d,g,j,y, and z, e. g. ndio, ngoja, ttjaa,
circular course, orbit, circuit; nyurnba, tizuri.
(3)enclosing,surrounding,
besieging (cf. mazingiwa) ; (4)
When its function as a prefix
sauntering, idling, shilly-shallying (see below) would require its use
(cf. zutiguka). (Cf. zunguka, in combination with other
zuttguko, and mzingo, zi/tga.)
consonants, the effect is as
follows :
Mzungusho, n. {mi-), a causing
to go round, a surrounding, an enBefore b, ti becomes m, e. g.
closing or placing round, &c. mbaya for nbaya.
Also Mzungushi {wa-), one who
causes to go (or, be) round. (Cf.
Before w, n becomes m, but the
mzunguko, and zunguka, sungusha.) w following is also changed into
b, e. g. mbili for itwili, mbingu for
Mzushi, n. {wa-), also Mzuei, nwitigu.
one who causes to penetrate
through and so emerge, who
Before r (or its convertible
causes something to appear sound /), n is retained, but the r
suddenly. Hence (1) an innovator, (or /) is changed into d, e. g. ndcfu
inventor, reformer, revolutionist, for nrefu, ndimi, plur. of ulimi. Cf.
heretic,
&c.;
(2)
tell-tale, also tid, in words like nditrne,
slanderer, gossip-monger, See. ndoa, ndoto, &c. (perh. indicating a
(Cf. uzushi, iua, zuka, mzuka.)
lost l in the root).
9
Before k, p, t, n is represented,
if at all, by giving an explosive
force to those consonants, e. g.
pepo as the plur. of upepo.
Before <h,f, h, m, r,%and v, ft
docs not appear, i. c. cannot be
pronounced as a pure consonant.
( 2 ) Asa semi-vowel, or scmiindc- pendent syllabic, n is
limited, with few exceptions, to
use before g, ch, j, %, d, t, s or
another n. Thus it sometimes
represents the prefix tti in verbs,
ns in mi a pend a, ntakwenda, for
ninapenda, nitakwenda, and appears
in the words ttge, ttje, nta, ncha,
-ttgi,-ngine, -mo, -mi, ntte,in
which n inclines to the sound of
in, especially in the dialect of
Zanzibar and in the words -ingine,ingi, inzi. This faintly vocalized
use of n is sometimes indicated by
writing it n or n\ and accounts for
the sound ny- which it often
assumes before vowels, e.g.
nyumba, nyekundtt, nyingi.
na kusali, myMZOMEO
'heart says to me,271
vitu
kwa
makelele,
MZOMEO
Cf. mnoi/a, mnadi
, and dalali.)
271
Mtumwa tnwema n.y a fine goodlooking slave. (Ar. Cf. -ema, -zima,
-zuri.)
adorn with carving, &c. Ps. nakishiwa. Ap. nakish-ia, -iwa. (Ar. Cf.
(Ar.)
choray pamba.)
274NAFISI S
NANGA
274NAFISI S
NANGA
neeraefu,
a.
plentiful,
abundant. (Ar. Cf. follg.)
Neemeka, v. live at ease, have
plenty, be in comfortable circum
stances, possess property, get
good profits.Cs. tteemeshay make
rich,
provide well
neema, urteemefu.)
N.DOA
277
NENA
usually a kind of tattoo. (Cf. 5 (S), D 6), (1) thick, stout, fat,
syn. chale, chanjo, and toja. Prob. a plump, broad; (2) full, whole,
Yao word.)
complete. (Cf. ntnepa, unene, and
Nenn, v. (1) speak, have the
gift of rational speech, articulate,
utter, say; (2) speak of, mention,
name, declare. Kinetiacho tta
kisichonena, that which speaks and
that which docs not,a common
way of contrasting people and
things, the rational and irrational.
ls. tuna. Nt. netteka, (1) be spoken,
be mentioned; (2) be utterablc, be
such as can be expressed in
words, be fit for mention, &c.
Mambo yasiyottauka, unutterable,
indescribable things. Netto kilo
halineneki, that word is not in use,
is not a possible word. Ap. netica,
-czva, e. g. speak against (for, to,
with, 8tc.), but in common usage
arnbia regularly takes its place for
speak to, say to, and nenea
(when not defined by the context)
is used for speak against, rebuke,
scold, more commonly than
speak
for,
intercede
for,
recommend,
praise.
Hence
neneana. Cs. nen-esha, -eshwa, -eza,
-ezwa, e.g. cause (provoke) to
speak. E. g. wakanenezana kwa
rnaneno mabaya, they exasperated
each other by abuse. Rp. nenana,
speak of each other, and so
commonly, quarrel, abuse each
other. (Cf. neno, uneni, vtneni,
mnena, mntnaji, tnnenea, &c. Also
sema, and atnbia. Serna is used
exactly like ncna of rational
speech, and in most other senses.
But (i) with a person-object, nena
means mention, sema, speak
against, rebuke, abuse (like amba).
(2) sema has often the meaning
talk, converse, tiena rarely. Ambia
with a person-object regularly
takes the place of both nena and
sema, when the meaning is simply,
speak to, say to.)
( 3 ) face, or front, of a
house. Also of the rear,
N.DOA
277
NENA
mtamba.)
NGEMA
280
of
NQOITO
NGEMA
280
NQOITO
.Ninga, n. (), a kind of green means (i.e. hopes for) plenty todove. Used also as a womans morrow. (Ar. Dist./aa, dust-heap).
name. Akakaa tta Molawe, kama
Njo, adv. outside,opp. to
ninga na utawi, and he rested with
his God, like a dove on a branch. ttdani. -a nje, external, outside,
outer, outward. Nje ya, outside of,
Ninginia, v. or Nyinginia, on the surface of. Kwa nje,
sway, swing, wave to and fro, outwardly, on the outside.
dandle (a child), rock, e. g. of
Njema, a. also Ngema, an
trees, rnatawi yanittg inia, the
bunches (of fruit) swing to and irregular form of -etna, good,
fro on the tree. Cs. ning'itt-isha, agreeing with D 4 (P), D 6, for
-ishua. (Cf. kitting'- in2. and syn. tty-etna. Often as an adv. in
rejoinders, like vetna, Good! Very
wayawaya, yumba- yumba.)
well ! Certainly ! (Cf. -ertta,
Willi, pron. interrog.what ? ngema.)
often subjoined to verbs in the
Njia, n. plur. used as sing. (),
contracted form -ni. I Vat aka ttitti?
What do you want? Va nitti, kwa (1) path, road, way, track; (2) way
means) of proceeding,
ttitti? WTiy ? What for ? Kunatti ? (or
for kuna nitti? What is the matter? method, means;
Hujambo ttitti? Are you well, (or)
( 3 ) progress,
what? (Cf. ttatti, /ini.)
effect,influence. N. ktttt,
highway. N. panda, a
Ninyi, pron. of 3 Pers. Plur.,
parting
of
roads,
also Nyinyi, you, ye. Often
crossways. N. ya kukata,
subjoined to verbs in the
a short cut. Mattetio
unreduplicated form -ni, e.g.
yenyi
njia,
forcible
ttjootti, come (ye). Kwahcrini,
(effective,
practical)
good-bye all of you. Nlakupigetti, I
suggestions. Njia ya
will beat you. (Cf. -ettu, your, as
rnwongo fupi, a liars
containing the same element.)
career is short. Njia mbili
Nipe,for unipe, give me,a
zaumiza, double conrses
Pers. Sing. Imperative (or
bring pain. (Cf. ja, v.,
Subjunctive) of -pa, v.
and the Ap. form -jia,
also ujia, kijia.)
Nipo, verb-form, I am here,
ni, person-pfx. of 1 Pers. Sing.,
Njiwa, n. (), a pigeon. N. wa
and -po, adverbial of place. (Cf tnwi/tt, a wild pigeon. N. manga, a
hapo.)
tame pigeon, i. e. brought from
Arabia and domesticated. See
*Nira, n. (), a yoke (for Manga.
oxen). (Ar.)
Njombo, n. (), name of a
*Nisha,n.(),or
Nashua, fish, barred with black and yellow
starch. (Ar. Cf. syn. uwanga.)
(Str.).
*Njaa, n. (), hunger, craving
for food, lack of food, famine.
Aina (naotta) I am hungry.
Shittdisha kwa n., starve. N. ittauma,
I feel the pangs of hunger. Njaa ya
Uo ni shiba ya ktslio, hunger to-day
NINGA
283
NNE
kulu.)
NINGA
283
NNE
Nya,
v. As
in
other
monosyllabic verbs, the infinitive
form, i. c. ktinya, is used in
forming certain tenses. Sec Ku, 1.
(d).
1.
Act.,
meaning
discharge, emit, let fall, drop,' of
something fluid or semi-fluid, but
restricted almost entirely to the
passage of excreta, and, when
used alone, of urine. The only
other common use is as a neuter,
of rain, fall, be discharged.
Thus kunya mavi (damn), pass
faeces (blood). Kttmc-
commonly used.
(With nyaka, which is seldom
used, cf. dakay catch, e. g. a ball in
play.)
Nyala, Nyali, Nyalio, plurals
from ala (? u-ala), wall, rice, and
walio (which see).
Nyama,
Mnyama),
n.
(,
but
see
NYAFUA
286
kickwa
ehaliniumay
sasa
kimenyamaa, my head was aching,
now it does not ache. Ap. nyamalia, e. g. be quiet to (for, in, &c.).
Cs. nyamaza, usually Intens.,i. e.
-NYAMAFU
Nyanya, v. cause to be
prominent, protrude, put out, raise
up. Aka- nyanya ntkono, akachukua
uftanga tnmoja, and he put out his
hand, and took one sword. n.
{via-), tomato, fruit of the
-nyamafu, a. same with D 4 mttyanya. (Cf. nya- nyuka, and
(P), D 5 (S), D 6, silent, quiet, nyanyasa.)
still, reticent, reserved. Mtu
Nyanyasa, v. or Nyanyaxa,
mnyamafu, a man who says very
little, keeps to himself. Panyumafu, tease, annoy, molest, treat
a quiet spot. (Cf. nyamaa, and disrespectfully or rudely, hurt .the
feelings of. (Not a common word,
-tulivu.)
perh. Cs. of nyanya, cf. syn.
Nyambua, v. pull in pieces, tear sumbua, uthi, chokoza.)
into bits, take off in strips, peel
Nyanyuka, v. be prominent,
off. Ps. nyambuliwa. Nt. ttyambuka,
come to pieces, fall into bits, be rise above the rest, stick up, stick
peeled off, e.g. of over-ripe fruit, out. Also perh. a variant <4
overcooked meat. (Cf. ambua, and nyambuka (which see). (Cf. inua,
tokeza, one- ka/ta, nyanya.)
nyumbua, nyafua.)
Nyamgtimi, n. (), a whale.
nyang&lika, a. used as an
evasive or contemptuous epithet
of what is difficult, impossible, or
unfit to describe, a sort of a , a
whnt-do-youcall-it,
a
nondescript. Kitu kinya- ngalika, a
Nyasi, n. (wa>), a reed, long
nondescript thing. Afnya- ngalika
gatii hityu ? What sort of a wretch coarse grass. Also plur. of unyasi.
is this ?
Nyata, v. go silently (quietly,
stealthily), steal along, slink,
Nyang'amba, n. a sweetmeat.
skulk, sneak, e. g. of a wild
Nyanganya, v. take by force, beasts stealthy walk, or of a
steal, plunder, rob,with the hunter stalking game. Ap. nyat-ia,
thing stolen, or person robbed, as -iwa, creep up to, steal upon, stalk
object. Amemnyanganya mali, he (of a hunter). (Cf. nyemelea,
has rqbbed him of money. tambalia, gundulia.)
Alinyanganya
yule
mtoto,
he
Nyati, n. (), the African
kidnapped that child, or, he
robbed that child. Ps. nya- buffalo, and in Z. used of the
Indian.
Nyauka, v. dry up, be withered,
shrivel,with heat, or drought.
(Cf. the more common kauka,
atiika, anttka.)
NYAFUA
286
(P), D 6.
perh.
unyele,
and
nya,
nyonyoa.)
-NYAMAFU
NYONDO
289
NYOYA
Cf. sote, for sisi 1sole. Ninyi wote, mambo ya baadaye, mambo ya mbele,
commonly for
both of you or (2) the past, mambo yaliyopita,
(two). See -ote.
yaliyokwisha zamani, yaliyokuwa
mbele. Cf. baada ya nyie hakuna
Nyoya, n. (ma-), also plur. of wangine nyuma yenu, after you
Unyoya (which see), a hair, a there are none coming after you,
single feather, a piece of wool, an i. e. of greater consequence than
animal's hair. Manyoya is used you, which might also be
generally of the external covering, expressed by mbele yenu. Kudi n.,
wool, hair, feathers,of the go back. Kaa n., sit behind. Huko
bodies of birds and animals, n., often means meanwhile, to
more particularly of the smaller resume/of returning to a point
body feathers of birds (contr. in a story, -a nyuma, behind, in the
ubawa, rnbawa, of the wing rear, in the past, in the future.
feathers),
Nyuma ya, after, behind, in the rear
of, beyond.
(Cf.
kinyume,
and of short hair in animals (cf. mbele,
singa of long hair),down, both
of birds and animals, being baada, kabla.)
ntalaika. Nyele, nyele za singa, is
Nyuma, n. plur. of uma
regularly Used of human hair. (which
see).
(Cf. nyoa, unyoya} uoy'a, unyele.)
Nyumba, n. (), (1) a house,
Nyoyo, n. plur. See Moyo.
properly of a native house,
of poles, sticks, wattles,
Nyua, n. plur. of ua (which made
earth, grass,
see).
Nyuki, n. (), a bee. Asaliya &c., and called n.ya miti,ya udongo,
nyuki, honey. Nyuki huenda na ya makuti,ya majani, &c., but exrnana yake, the bee goes with its tended &lso to a house of any
as of masonry, n. ya mawe, or
flowers. Fathili za nyuki ni moto, a kind,
corrugated iron, n. ya mabati,
bees thanks is fire, i. e. all the of
&c.,also called ju 'mba (ma-).
thanks it gets.
Also sometimes of structures
Nyuma, adv. after, behind, (i) made by animals, birds nests,
of place,behind, at the back lairs, burrows,more commonly
of, whether (a) on the further called tundu, kitundu; and fig. of
side of, beyond, or (b) after, in objects resembling a house, e. g.
nyumba ya randa, the stock of a
the rear of;
plane. (2) household,but this is
commonly
watu
wa
( 2 ) of time, (a) hereafter, in the more
future, (6) behind, in the past. For nyumbani, or simply nyumbani, as
in
the
polite
inquiry,
Hujambo
(w
the apparent vagueness of
meaning cf. mbele, in which also kali gani) nyumbani? I hope your
the meaning is decided by the family are well? Prov. nyumba kuu
context and implied mental haina nafasi, a great house has
attitude. Watu wabaya wataondoka little room. Nyumba ya udongo
nyurna yangu, may mean bad haihimili kiskindo, a house of earth
people will rise up after . me * cannot stand a shock. (For words
(when I am gone, in the future, connected with house-building,
if of time; or behind me, in my &c., cf. jenga, aka, (materials) mti,
rear,if of place). Mamboya udongo, kombamoyo, ufito, kamba,
nyuma, may mean (1) the future, nguzo, mwamba, bati, jiwe, chokaa,
Ps.
.mrumronyunyizana. (Cf.
meaning or. Kuoga, kuota
201 become kwogn, kwota, and koga,
manyunyo, and perh.
chunyu,
ttya.
Also
kotd; ku-otr becomes kwote and
mimina, mwaga, rashi.)
kote ; and uoga, woga and oga.
Nyunyo, n. mostly used in plur.
form manyunyo, sprinkled liquid,
Comparatively few Swahili
sprinklings, drizzle, light rain. (Cf. words begin with o.
prec. and marashi.)
Nyaiahi, Nyuta, n. See Ushi,
Uta.
Nywa, Nywea, Nywesha, v. See
Nya.
Nyweleo, n. (ma-), also Nyeleo,
pore,of the skin. (Cf. ttya, nywa,
and kinwzleo.)
Nzi, n. (mainzi), a fly (insect).
See In zi.
Nzige, n. (), a locust.
O.
O, A. As a sound, 0 represents
the open vowel o sound, as in
Italian and other continental
languages, which would be written
aw in English, or or with the r
smooth, not trilled. The English
closed vowel sound, as in no, is
hardly pronounceable by a native.
When unaccented, the o retains
the same difference in a less
degree. The short o sound in
English not would be represented
by a Swahili as nart, not as nort. The
o in Swahili words must always be
uttered with the lips open, never
with a w sound at the end, i.e. like
owe.
OA
292
OKOA
( 3 ) -0 is subjoined to nouns
sometimes as an abbreviated form
of wao, wako, e.g. wenzio for wenzi
wao, their companions.
OA
292
OKOA
ONDOKEO
295
-lava. Nt. ondoka, e. g. (i) go
persecution.
ONGOA
Rp. oskana.
see above.)
*Osia, v. also Usia, and
Wosia (which see). (Ar.)
ONDOKEO
295
ONGOA
-ovu, a. bad,usually in a
moral sense, wrong, unprincipled,
wicked, evil. If required to agree
with nouns not of D 1, then
usually -a uovu, e. g. nyumba sa
uovu, wicked houses, not nyumba
ONDOKEO
295
ONGOA
there is a Nt. palika as if from palia), give to, &c. Sumu umenipianii
What, have you given me poison ?
Hence peana, piana, e. g. peana
mikono (salamu), conclude a
bargain, exchange greetings. Cs.
(none in use). Rp. pana, e.g. ahadi
(mikono, zawadi), make mutual
promises (engagements, presents).
(Cf. mpaji, kipaji, ki- pawa, and toa.)
Paa, v. (1) go up, ascend, mount,
rise,like panda, which is more
common, and cf. kwea. Vs. pawa,
Nt. palika. Ap. palia, palika, paliwa,
e. g. maji yanipalia rohoni, phlegm
rises in my throat, or nime- paliwa
na maji, Cs. paza, paliza
295
ONDOKEO
sloping
ONGOA
pazwa, raise, cause to rise. Paza the smaller sides or ends being
(paliza) sattii, lift up the voice,
speak in a loud tone.- Pazapumuzi, kipaa, () the roof of a hut (in
draw the breath in, inhale (shusha general). Thu
pumuzi, exhale). (Cf. panda, kwea,
inua.) (2) (also para), scrape,
scrape off, scrape up, e.g. paa samaki or magamba ya samaki, clean a
palia, palika, paliwa, pal ilia, palililiwa, (1) as above, e.g. unipalie
samaki, clean the fish for me. (2)
, &c.)
(2) (ma-)
(a)
the
used in
above.)
restricted
senses
as
PAKO
301
PAMBANA
place to wash in, bathroom. (So g. a dish of food for the table.
pakuingilia, entrance, access; paku- Cs.pamb-isha,
-ishwa,
e.g.
tokea, outlet, exit.
undertake to decorate, furnish,
&c. Rp. pambatta (but see
Palama, v. be unproductive, be Pambana). (Cf. pambo, mpambe,
unprofitable, e. g. of a tree, which mpambi, mpambaji, and syn.
docs not bear well, or a town rembesha, urembo.)
where trade is bad. (Not common,
and no common derivatives.)
Pambaja, v. embrace, clasp
in the arms. (Not often in deriv.
Palo, a. form of the demonstr. stems. Cf. kumbatia.)
n.
-/If,agreeing with D 7 (mahali) (),
and locatives in -ni, that, that yonder. As an adv. there*, in that spot, embrace. Pigaembrace, v.
then, at that time. So pale- pale, on
the spot, at once, just then, just
Pambana, v. come together, get
there. Pale indicates distance, and into contact,whether pleasant or
great distance is indicated by otherwise,thus of ships (1) go .
prolonging the last vowel and abreast, lie alongside, or (2)
raising the pitch of the voice collide, fall foul of each other,
proportionately, i. e. pali-i-i. (Cf. jostle together. Ap. pamban-ia,
mle, kule, papa, hapa, hapo.)
-iwa. Cs. pambart-isna, -ishwa, c. g.
(1) set side by side, bring
Paha. Palilia, Paliza, Ac. See together, exhibit, compare; (2) set
Paa, v.
in contrast, cause conflict
(opposition,
contradiction,
Palikuwa, v. Past Tense of confusion) in (or, among), c. q.
-wa, v. be, with pfx. pa, of place.
pa- mbanisha marietta, make
Often with na in narrative, e. g. conflicting statements, show to be
palikuwa na mtu, there was once a
contradictory, Ac., and of persons,
man. (Cf. pana, there is, and tia.)
make trouble between, set at
variance.
Also
Palu, n. (tna-), also Paru, a pasweetmeat made of bhang, or
opium, with sugar, Ac.
mbattya, of persons and things,
Pamba, n. (), (1) cotton, browbeat, talk down, discredit,
the produce of the cotton plant, shake the evidence of, Ac. (Seems
mpamba. Nguoyapamba, cotton
cloth, calico. (Cf. sttji, tree to have n
cotton.) (2) sometimes for the
common pambo (which see),
ornament, furniture, fittings.
(Cf. follg.)
Pamba, v. adorn, deck out,
decorate, embellish,and of a
house,
furnish,
fit
for
occupation. Pamba maiti, prepare
a corpse for burial. Jipamba, put
PAKO
PAMBANUA
301
302
PAMBANA
PANDA
PAKO
301
PAMBANA
PAKO
301
PANGUA
PAMBANA
804
PAPIA
pand- isha.
nonsense,
chatter
foolishly
(unintelligibly). Cs. papayu-sha,
-skwa. (A Rd. form of payuka,
which see.)
Papi, n. plur. of upapi (which
see).
PAKO
301
?
PAMBANA
Paruparu,
adv.
roughly,
Papo, n. (ma-), a throb, flutter, coarsely, used of rough, untidy
palpitation, e. g. of the heart,papo work, wanting care and finish.
la moyo. (Cf. papa, v. and papatiko. ) (Cf. pantza, mparuzo, and buruga.)
Papua, Papura, v. tear, claw,
scratch, lacerate, rend in pieces,
e.g. of wild beasts, birds of prey,
thoms, combatants. Paptira uso
kwa ma- kuiha, scratch the face
with the nails. Also fig. of
quarrels, abuse, &c. Ps. papuriwa.
Nt. papurika. Ap. papur-ia, -iwa,
whence papuri- ana. Cs. papurisha, -ishwa.
Paai
wo,
verb-form,
negat.subjunct. of wa, v., be,
agreeing with I) 7, i. e. may there
not be, that there may not be,
without there being.
Pasua, v. cleave, split, tear, rend,
burst, blow into pieces, saw in
two, make a cut in. Ps. pasu/iwa.
Nt. pasuka. Ap. pasu-lia, -liwa. (Cf.
axe
does
*not
cut.
mmoja,
ilia
walisikia
Sultani amefariki, they
PAKO
301
PAMBANA
juba, chembeu.)
suluhi,
P&um n. a pound,weight or
value. (From the English *
pound.)
Pawa, n. plur. of upawa, ladle.
Dim. kipawa (which, however,
also means present, a thing
given, but not in Z.).
Payo, n. (wa-), foolish talk,
chatter,
nonsense,
gossip,
blabbing; also of wandering of the
mind, delirium. Mwenyipayo, a
talkative, gossiping person. Ana
payo, he is always talking, lets out
secrets, does not control his
tongue. So senta mapayo, talk idly,
mischievously, &c. (Cf. payuka,
PELE
308
PENDA
Pepeo, n.
pun
large
mpera.
PESI
scf. rupia, reale, robo, the muni,
robo pesa.)
311
PIGA
PESI
311
PIGA
wVa, shindano.)
Pigi-pigi, n. (), also Pikipiki, a stick used for knocking
down fruit off a tree. Dim. kipigi.
(Cf. for various kinds of stick
bakora.)
PESI
beat, e. g. akawafundisha mapigo ya
ngoma, and he taught the proper
beats of the drum. (2) calamity,
plague. (Cf. piga, rnpigo, &c.)
Pika, v. cook, prepare by the
use of fire, dress (food), boil
(water). Ps. pikwa. Nt. pikika. Ap.
pik-ia, -iwa, e.g. cook for (with, in,
&c.). Pikiwa, be cooked for, have a
cook. Hence pik-ilia, -iliwa, -ilika,
e.g. nataka unipikilie uji, I want you
to make some gruel specially for
me. Cs. pik-isha, -ishwa,c. g. get
some one to cook, get something
cooked, contract for cooking. (Cl.
mpishi, upishi, t/ipiko, and ? pishi.
For ways of cooking cf. upishi.)
Pila, n. See Pira.
*Pilau, n. (), a dish of boiled
rice, cooked in the Indian way,
with ghee, raisins, &c. (Hind., and
cf. ivali.)
311
PIGA
have
cloth
measured out to one, receive a
measure of cloth. Cs. pim-isha,
-ishwa, e.g. pimisha chakula,
superintend the measuring out of
fowl. (Cf. tnpimo, kipimo, pima, and
syn. kadiri, linga, ounza,
Pi/niwa
tiguo,
The
commonest
measures of (1) length, are
shibiri, mkono, or thiraa, wari,
pima ; (2) of capacity, kibaba,
kisaga, pishi; (3) of weight,
wakia, rathi, pishi, frasila.) n. a
fathom, two yards {wari), six
feet, the stretch of a mans arms,
equal to four cubits {mkono,
thiraa), or eight spans {shibiri).
(Cf. kipimo, pima, v.)
hesabu.
pindani,
a.
obstinate,
unyielding, stiff. (Cf. pinda, and
upindani, and syn. -gumu, -kaidi.)
Pindi, n. (, and ma-), a bend,
twist, turn, curve, winding, fold,
coil, ring; (2) a space or division
of time, a time (of something),
hour (in a general sense). E.g.
pindi za assubuhi, morning hours.
Pindi ya chakula, meal time. Pindi
za mchana, times (divisions) of the
day. IVajua pindi atakapokuja, Do
you know th
Pingamisha, v. obstruct,
thwart, use as an obstacle or
bar,likepinga, but with intens.
force, of active, intentional
opposition.
Pingamizi, n. (tna-), that
which obstructs, person or
thing, a difficulty, obstacle,
check, stop.
(Cf. pinga,
and follgi)
-pingani, a. obstructive,
contradictory,
causing
difficulty,usually of persons.
(Cf. pinga, and prec.)
Pingili, n. (), the piece of
a cane, or similar growth,
between two rings or knots.
(Cf. kipingili, and pinga.)
Pingo, n. (tna-), barrier,
obstruction, bar, e.g. a door-bar.
(Cf. pinga, kipingo, pingu,
kipingwa, and for door-bar,
komeo, kiwi.)
sidi.)
PINDO
314
PINI
bofu, scum, froth, foam, a bubble.
Pofu la bahari, foam of the sea.
denoting reference or relative Fanya pofu, v., foam, froth. Hatta
distance, * there/ (b) or else pofu ipande, till scum forms on the
I
)
Fokeo,
n.
(via-),
thing
received, tradition. (Cf. pokea,
mapokeo.).
-polo,
a.
mild,
meek,
gentle,soberminded,
goodhumoured, amiable, kind,opp.
to -kali, of temper generally. ~a
upole is more common in same
sense, role is used as an adv.,
gently, softly, quietly, slowly, &c.
Often Redupl. polepole. Commonly used to sooth or encourage
after
an
accident,
shock,
misfortune, bad news, &c.,be
calm, take it quietly, dont excite
yourself, never mind (cf. upole).
The quality implied holds a high
place in native estimation, csp. as
to Furopcans, contr. uhali, and
cf. -ema, -anaua, iaratibu, hiasi.)
Poli, n. (///<?-), forest,
wilderness, uninhabited wilds.
Polini hapatta nyumba wala mtu, in a
poli there is neither house nor
inhabitant.
(Cf.pululu,
nyiha,
rnwitu.)
without
any small,
idea pulverize,
of force or
usually with
wooden
pestle
and
violence,
or even
of active
seizing,
mortar
, mche).accept,
Dist.
as
in poka,(cf.
i. e. ktnu
(1) receive,
twanga,
properly
take
in the
hand used
; (2) of
takesame
in,
process applied
to cleaning
welcome,
entertain,
receive grain,
as a
i. e. removing
husks,
saga,to,
of
guest;
(3) fig. the
accept,
assent
grinding
grain
millagree
with.
E. to
g.powder
wakawa-bypokea
stones,they
pressure,
attrition.
Thus
mizigo,
took their
loads from
twangai. e.
is inused
of rice,
them,
a friendly
way,maize,
they
millet, Sic.,
ponda Ngoma
of such seeds
as
relieved
them.
za vita
pepper, curry
and waralso
zikapokewa
inchi (bisari
yote,), the
cassava, &c.were
(2) fig. crush,
take
drums
accepted
all life and spirit
away from,
(acknowledged,
attended
to),
break down,
through
the dispirit.
whole Yt.pondwa.
country.
Nt. pondeha,
e.
g.
(1)
be
crushed,
Ps.pokewa. Ap. pok-elea,
POKEO
317
PONDA
Hence pondekea, e. g.
POKEO
317
PONDA
POKEO
317
PONDA
-POTOE
320
as a n. of D 6, a
congratulatory present,
e. g. haya pukusa zako,
mwanangu, these are
presents for you, my
child. (Cf. pukupuku, and
follg.)
Pukute, n. lit. that which is
showered down, or in a condition
resembling such. Used of rice,
when cooked so that every grain is
loose and separate, i.e. pukute ya
wali, or wali wa pukute. (Cf. follg.)
PUKUTIKA
Pumzikio,
n.
'ma-'
and
Pumziko, place (time, mode, &c.)
of resting. (Cf. prec. and tuo,
kituo.)
wanting,
-POTOE
diminished,
scanty.
Mpungufu wa mali, short of money.
Mwezi mpungufu, an incomplete
month, i.e. one of 29 days. Mp. wa
ungwana, without a clear title to
freedom. n. (ma-), defect,
deficiency, something wanting,
flaw. (Cf. upungufu, and prec.)
Punguka, v. Nt. ofpungua
(which see), grow smaller, get
less, diminish, abate, fail. Ap.
punguk-ia, -iwa, e. g. anapungukiwa
mali, his resources are failing him.
(Cf. prec. and contr. zidi, ongeza.)
Punja, v. used in Z. only in the
fig. sense, cheat, swindle. Ps.
punjwa. Nt. punjika. Ap. punj-ia,
-iwa. (Kr. gives the literal sense as
pound. Cf. follg., and for syn.
cf. kopa, karamkia, danganya.)
Punje, n. (), a grain, i.e. a
single grain,of corn, maize*
Sec. Punje rnoja ya mtaina, a grain
of millet. (Cf. prec. and chembe.)
Puo, n. (), nonsense, foolish
talk, silly behaviour. (Cf. puza,
upuzi.')
320
PUKUTIKA
.PUBUXUSHANI
(Seems connected with
follg.)
ruka,
Cs.
twanga,
loosely
attached, move about freely, not
be well fitted or fixed, e. g. of a
ring on the finger. (Cf. lege a,
cheza.)
Pweke,n.anda.,solitariness,alo
ne. Mimi ni pweke, I am by myself,
commonly peke yangu. Hii
pweke ?tiuvundo,this loneliness is
disgusting. (Cf. upweke, peke,
pekee.)
Pweza, n. a cuttle-fish.
-pya, a. fttipya with D 4 (P), D
6, jipya with D 5,pipya with D 7),
new, fresh, recent, novel,
modern. (Opp. to -a kale, -a
zarnani, -kukuu, -zee. Cf.for young
in age,mtoto, -dogo\ for novel,
strange, -geni; for * fresh in
condition, not fully matured,
-bichi.)
REHEMA
326
RITHI
*Bamathani,
n.
the
Mahommedan
month
of
fasting, when nothing is eaten
or drunk between sunrise and
sunset. (Ar. Cf. mwezi, and for
fasting, mfungo, fungal)
Bamba, v. lick. See Lamba.
n. (1) (ma~), a Madagascar
grass- cloth, of fine plaited
grass with coloured stripes; (2)
a kind of knife used by
shoemakers
(Str.).
.
*Bambi-rambi, n. words or
messages of condolence after a
death or disaster. (Ar. See
Mbirambi.)
Rashia,
v.
sprinkle,
besprinkle. Ps. rashiwa. (Ar. Cf.
marashi,
mrashi,
and
syn.
nyttnyiza.')
*Bamli, n. sand. In Z. of a
divining-board, covered with
sand, used for foretelling the
future. Hence piga r., use a
divining-board, take omens.
Tukaenda katika ramli, and we
resorted to divination. Weka r.,
try divination. (Ar. Cf. B.
mchangal)
*Banda, n. a carpenters
plane. Piga r., plane, v. (Hind.)
Banda, v. dance for joy,
gambol, frisk, jump about. (Cf.
cheza, tafia.)
REHEMA
RITHI
326
order, settle, fix, make firm and the herb basil (cf. kwumbasi);(3) a
sound. Ps. ratibiwa. Nt. ratibika. kind of calico made at Cutch in imitation
Ap. ratib-ia, -iwa. Cs. ratib-isha, of Muscat fabric.
Rshema, n. mercy, pity, com-
rejeana.
g. be satisfied (contented,
pleased), acquiesce, approve,
consent. Ap. rith-ia, -iwa, e. g.
agree with, consent to, be pleased
about, approve,
accept, &c.
REHEMA
326
RITHI
mshiki, msnkani.)
neno
lake halirudiki, his orders cannot be
disobeyed. Mtoto harudiki, the child is
not amenable to discipline. Ap. rud-ia,
-iwa, e. g. return to (from, by, &c.),
punish for (with, at,- &c.). Cs. rudi-sha,
-shwa, give back, send back, repay, &c.
rudi-shia,
-shiwa,
and rukwa, e. g. rukwa na akilij lose
rudishana. Rp. ittdiana, e.g. return to ones senses,corresponding to
each other, return all together (by com- the act. form akili zina- mruka, his
mon consent). (Ar. Cf. marudi, senses are leaving him. Ap. ruk-ia,
marudio, and syn. rejea, and punish, -iwa, e. g. leap on, fly at, assail,
athibu, ongoza, tisha.)
attack, e.g. chui alimrukia kuku, a
Hence
BUNGTJ
329
SAA
lakadamu.)
BUNGTJ
329
SAA
)Saisi,
SAISI
n.
coachman. (Ar.)
(),
332
groom, greeting,
good
wishes,
SALI
compliments. Salaam is a common
Arab greeting, also used by
Saka, v. hunt,of wild Hindoos,in full Salaam alek
animals, birds, &c. (Cf. msakaji, (phir. alekum), peace (safety) be
msako, and syn. winder.)
with you,the reply being wa
alek (alekum) issalaam, and with
Sakafu, n. (), a floor, or you peace,usually accompanied
roof, of concrete, laid on poles in by a gesture, viz. placing the hand
the upper stories, and rammed on the heart. (Ar. Cf. salamu,
hard. Also of roofing generally, e. salimu, salama, and syn.jambo.)
g. sakafu ya churna, a roof of
galvanized iron. (Ar. Cf. sakifu.)
Salala, n. (), meat from near
the backbone, the chine.
Sakama, v. (i) stick fast, be
caught (held, jammed) ; (2) fig.
Salamu, n. (), also Salama,
be in a difficulty (perplexity, &c.). and Salaam, (1) safety, security,
(Ar. Cf. saki, and syn. kwama.)
peace, salvation, sound health; (2)
greeting,
gbod
wishes,
*Saki, v. (1) press close, fit compliments. Toa s., -pa s., greet.
tight (to); (2) affect deeply, come Pana s., exchange greetings. Pokea
home (to), touch the feelings (of). s., receive greetings. Leta (peleka,
E. g. of clothes, the stopper of a chukua) s., convey greetings.
bottle. Njaa inasaki, hunger Salaam ya mkono, shaking hands,
presses. Ps. sakiwa. Cs. saki-sha, offer of help. Umsa- limu ndugu
-shwa, cause to press, make fit yako salamu zangu, give your
closely. (Ar. Cf. sakama.)
brother my greetings. Kwa salamu
na amani, in safety and peace.
Sakifu, v. make a floor or Mizinga ya salaam, a salute with
roof of concrete, provide with cannon. Salamu salimini, safe and
floor or roof, put a roof on. well, quite safe. A common openNyumba ime- sakifiwa 11a mbau juu, ing of a letter is kwa fullani salamu
the house was floored with planks sana (or, salamu nyingi). Na baada
in the upper stories. Ps. sakifiwa. ya salamu, &c., i. e. to so and so
Ap. sakif- ia, -iwa. Cs. sakif-isha, all good wishes. And after good
-ishwa. (Ar. Cf. sakafu, dari, ezeka.) wishes, &c. a. safe, secure,
sound, flourishing, well. (Ar. Cf.
Sala, n. (), prayer, i. e. to salimu, and syn. uzima, amani,
God, according to Mahommedan wokovu.)
forms and ideas, public worship,
divine service, devotions, whether
Salata, n. (), harshness, unperformed with others or alone. feeling conduct, sarcasm. (Ar. Cf.
The five prescribed hours of saliti, msalata.)
prayer are (1) alfajiri, an hour or
two before sunrise ; (2) aththuuri,
Sali, v. pray (to God), i. e. use
noon; (3)
the
prescribed
forms
of
Mahommedan worship, public or
alasiri, afternoon; (4) magaribi, private,offer prayer (divine
sunset ; (5) is ha or eska, an hour service, worship). (Cf. sala, and
or two after sunset. (Ar. Cf. salt, dist. omba, in which the idea of
msala, and syn. dua, maombi. Dist. earnest request, begging, is the
saili, swali.) .
chief one.) Sali dua, offer a special
request to, make a petition to,
Balaam, n. (), also Salamu, God. Ap. sal-ia, -iwa, pray for,
saa, v.
u/ili.)
*
Salih
1.
a.
good,
sound,fitting,useful, proper, in
good condition. Mtu salihi, a man
of
good
(honourable,
unblemished) character. Sometimes as a v. See Selehi. (Ar. Cf.
suluhisha, selehi, and syn. sahthi.)
%
SAISI
332
v. follow in line,
escort, accompany,of ships.
Sansuri, n. a kind of sword,
also a sword-fish. (Cf. upangal)
Sarafu, n. (), also Sarf, Sarufu, Sarifu, (i) small coin, small
change; (2) more generally,exchange, rate of exchange, e.g.
sarafu gaziiya mji leo? What is the
exchange in town to-day? (3) a
small metal plate or plates worn
on the forehead, or neck. (Ar. Cf.
serifu.)
.SAWANI8HA
835
SERAKAL
I Cf.
manil)
SHAtTKO
SHARIA
toshewa,
bumbttazi.)
fathatka,
pigwa
ambia heri,
furahia.)
Shangilio,
rejoicing,
congratulation.
pigia
n.
ifigelegele,
(wa-),
triumph,
(Cf.
prec.)
Shangwe,
n.
rejoicing,
demonstration of joy (triumph,
enthusiasm). (Cf. shangilia.)
Shani, n. a startling (rare,
unlooked-for)
thing
or
occurrence, a , wonder, a
novelty,
a
curiosity,
an
adventure, a sudden mishap,
accident. E. g. patwa na s., have
an accident, meet with an
adventure. Ngtto ya s., fine, new
clothes, latest fashion. Mambo
hayo si shani, that is no wonder,
nothing to be surprised at. (Ar.
Cf. mwujiza, ajabti, kitisho.)
Shamua,
v. sneeze,
sniff.
SHARIA
SHAtTKO
n.
(),
and
litigate.
SHARIA
(Ar.
(Ilind.
serish.)
SHAtTKO
SHARIA
SHAtTKO
SHIKIO
341
SHINDA
mshindi, mshindo, &c. It seems that follg. and shindua, also shinishind-, or st'nd-, has two (or three) kizo, ?for shindikizo.)
Nt. shindilika.
u shinda ya maji, the jar has some with
water in it.
Shindamana, v. be firmly
pressed together, be compact,
fixed' fast, i.e. be in a state of
being forced together. Ap.
shindaman-ia, -iwa. Cs. sJiindamani-ska, -shwa. (Cf. shindika,
shikamana, fungamana, and-mana.)
(Connected
-shindani,
a.
rivalling, spasm, fit. E. g. alisikia shindo
competing, opposing, contesting. linakuja njiani, he heard a noise
approaching in the road. Ukatoka
(Cf. shinda, mshindani, ushindani.)
shindo mji wote, the whole town
Shindano, n. (mar), struggle, was out in a moment. Enda kwa
competition, race, trial of ma- shindo, trot,of a horse. (Cf.
strength, &c. (Cf. shinda, and dist.
shinda, mshindo, kishindo, shindika.)
sind- ano, needle.)
Shindua, v. and Sindua, take
Shindika, v. (i) Nt. of Shinda off pressure, unfasten; esp. of a
(which see, and. note), (2) also door, set ajar, set open. Shindua
Sindika, apply force to,but maneno, give vent to utterance,
mostly with special senses, e. g. make an opening statement,and
shindika mafuta, extract oil by so with akili. Ps. shinduliwa. Nt.
pressure. Sh. miwa, crush sugar- shinduka, e. g. maji yameshinduka,
canes. Sh. mlango, partly close a the tide has retreated. Ap. shimludoor, close but not fasten, set ajar, lia, liwa, e. g. open (a door) for a
opp. to shindua (sindua) mlango. person. (Cf. shinda, and the words
Ap. shindik-ia, -iwa, e. g. kinu cha following it. Obs. that shindika,
ku- shindikia, a crushing mill, i. e. shindua seem identical with
oilmill,
sugar-mill.
Cs. zindika,
zindua,
and
their
shindikizai e. g. (1) intens. like derivatives (which see),meanshindika. (2) in special sense, ing inaugurate, open, &c., and
attend a departing friend or guest which nevertheless are commonly
to the door, go with him a little heard with z rather than s initial.)
way, see off, give a send-off to
Shingo, n. {ma-), (1) neck; (2)
(cf. safirisha, and laki, of going to
meet an arriving friend). (Cf. objects resembling a neck, e.g. an
\ stiff-necked person.
labour,
shogoa,
SHINDA
Piga shoti, cnda kwa shoti, gallop, v. shushwa, let down, throw down,
Kumpiga shoti frasi, to gallop a put ashore, discharge (cargo,
horse, to make it gallop. Also &c.). Shusha pumuzi, breathe
out, exhale. Jishusha moyo,
piga shoti katika frasi.
humble oneself. Hence shushShoto, n. left-hand, left- ia, -iwa, e. g. shushiwa tnvua,
handedness. Ana shoto, he is left- have rain sent down on one.
handed. Kushoto, left-hand side, (Cf. mashtta, and syn. angua,
-a kushoto, on the left-hand side. inama.)
Also as adj. -shoto, left-handed,
*Shubaka,n. (rna-), small
e.g. upandc wa mkono mshoto, on
the left side. (Cf. opp. kuumc, and window, light-hole, loop-hole,
port-hole, embrasure. In Z.
Arab, shcmali, opp. to yamini.)
Shtaka,
n.
(ma-),
also
Mshtaka, accusation, charge,
complaint, prosecution. (Ar. C
follg.)
Shtaki, v. accuse, charge,
complain of, prosecute. Ps.
shtakiwa. Nt. shtakika. Ap. shtak-ia,
-iwa, c g. akamshtakia baba habari za
fovakc, she. complained to her
father ahout her home. Rp.
shtakiana. Cs. shtak-isha, -ishwa.
(Ar. Cf. mshtaka, mshtaki, and
prec. Also dai.)
sometimes
a
blind
window,.window-like recess in
a wall (cf. dirisha, window ;
mwangaza, light-hole). (Ar. an
aperture fitted with lattice, or
trellis-work, cf. shabuka, net.)
Shudu, n. (tna-), refuse of
seed after it has been crushed
for oil, oilcake.
Shufaka, n. anxious care,
fear, awe, pity. (Ar. not
common, cf. hofu, huruma.)
engaged.
Opp.
to
mchezo,faragha, e. g.
hatukuja
kuchcza,
tumekuja krva shughuli,
trouble oneself, be
nervous, also, pretend to be
busy, make excuses (for putting
off, not attending
to a case). (Ar.
SHUHUDA
344
SHTJTUMU
Cf. prec., and ushuru.)
-plait of hair, tress, crest,
forelock. Shungi mbili, hair
*Shuhuda, n. (ma-), testimony, dressed in two large plaits or
evidence, witness. (Ar. Cf. follg. rolls. (2) used of the hair-like
and shahidi, ushuhuda.)
silky growth or beard on the ear
of some kinds of grain,
*Shuhudu, y. bear witness, maize, millet, &c. Shungi la taa,
testify, give evidence,but usu. a flaring lamp. Taa inatoa shungi,
in the Ap. form. Ap. shukud-ia, the lamp flares. (Cf. kishungi,
-iwa, -ika, attest, confirm, give also songo, suko, sokoto, panja.)
evidence (about, for, against,
&c.). Cs. shuhud-isha, -ishwa, e. g.
Shupaa, v. (1) be hard, firm,
call to witness. Also intens. bear well set, compact; (2) be stiff,
emphatic witness. (Ar. Cf. prec., obstinate,
unyielding,
and shahidi, shahada, ushuhuda.)
peremptory. Shupaa kwa maneno,
affirm with urgency, insist. Cs.
*Shujaa, n. (ma-), a brave shupaza, harden, render tough,
man, warrior, hero, champion. firm,
strong,also,
make
(Ar. Cf. ushujaa.)
obstinate. Rp. shupana, be
strong, well-compacted, stiff,
Shuka, v. Nt. of Shua (which unyielding, obstinate, &c. (Cf.
see).
follg., and cf. kaza, -wa -gumu.)
*Shuka, n. (ma-), a piece of
-shupafu, a. (same with D 4
calico about two yards long, (P), D 5 (S), D 6), (1) firm,
worn as a loincloth ; in compact, well-knit, tough; (2)
commerce, grey scarves. Shuka la bigoted, unyielding, &c. (Cf.
kitanda, a sheet. As a measure, prec., and syn.
one fathom (pima). (Ar. Cf. .doti,
ghulisha,
pima.)
-gumu')
n. (ma-), a narrow
Shuke, n. als^Suke (which stripShupatu,
of plaited grass or leaf,
see).
used for lacing bedsteads, or
*Shukrani,
n.
gratitude, sewn together for mats, bags,
thanksgiving,
thanks.
(Ar. &c.
Ci.shuhtru.)
SHUHUDA
344
SHTJTUMU
jivnna, jigumba.)
Ps. sifivoa.
Nt. sifika. Ap.stfia,-iwa. (Ar. Cf.
sifa, majisifu.)
*Sihi,
v.
beg
humbly,
supplicate, beseech, intreat. Ps.
sihiwa. Nt. sihika, e. g. be placable,
not: inexorable, open to appeal. (?
Ar. cry loud, call, cf. omba,
lalama.')
SHUHUDA
344
SHTJTUMU
proached
us
with
our
wretchedness. (Cf.- syn. shutumu,
onea.)
SILA
347
SIMUA
Sindano,
(Cf.
n.
SILA
347
SIMUA
stocking.) .
4-
hapana.)
baragnmtt, peml>e.)
msiti.)
SILA
347
wazimu, kichaa.)
SIMUA
ehis legs. (Str. and Kr. Cf. twist a fowls neck, &c. Ap.
(Cf. follg.)
&c.)
SOMBO
350
STAABABU
(of
heshimu, tukuaz.)
stahili.)
Stara,
n.
covering,
concealment, modesty, reserve.
(Ar. Cf. setiri.)
Starehe, v. and Sterehe, be at
rest (comfortable, undisturbed),
live in peace and quietness, be
still. Starehe (Imperat.), used
commonly as a form of courtesy
on meeting, or entering a room,
keep yonr seat, pray do not move,
do not disturb yourself. Cs.
starehe-sha, -shwa, -make comfortable, give rest to, refresh,
relieve, tranquillize. (Ar. Cf. raha,
msta- rehe, and follg., and cf.
syn.pumzisha, burudisha.)
-sterehefu, a. comfortable,
peaceful, tranquil, calm. (Cf.
prec.)
Stima, n. a steamer. (From the
English.)
Stiri, v. cover, conceal. See
Setiri.
Stoki, n. also Sitoki, Stokini,
stocking, sock. (From the Eng.
stocking. Cf. koti, boi, manowari.)
Stuka, v. sometimes Situka, (i)
start, give a start or jerk, be
sprained, be put out of joint; (a)
be startled, taken aback, surprised,
alarmed. E. g. mguu wangu
umesluka, my foot is sprained.
Nalistuka kwa hofu, I started in
terror. Ap.sluk-ia, -iwa, e. g. start
(be startled) at. Cs. stushaf stushwa,
e. g. give a jerk to, sprain, startle,
terrify, astonish. (Tuka,ji- tuka,
kutuka sometimes occur. Cf. syn.
teguka, and shangaa, toshewa,
falhaika.)
subir-ia, -iwa.
Cs. subiri-sha,
-shwa. (Ar. Cf. saburi, and syn.
vumilia,j/a//imili,'ngoja,
Dist.
SOMBO
350
follg.)
STAABABU
ending -e.)
Sukua,
v.untwist, loosen,
slacken. Ps. sukuliwa. Nt. sukulika.
Ap. suku-lia, -liwa. (Cf. suka, and
dist. sugua. Cf. furnua, legeza,
shonua.)
Sukuma, v. (1) push, push away
(onward, back, off, &c.), movie,
drive, thrust; (2) urge, impel,
incite,-encourage. E.g. roho yake
inamsu
SUKUTUA
353
SUMULIA
SUKUTUA
353
SUMULIA
he
AI
is exalted,commonly used in
the Arab, phrase Allah taala, God
is exalted, God Most High,
prefixed to all letters and formal
documents. (Ar.)
also
Taowa.
See
TABIBIA
350
TAGAA
pambanua.)
Tafiti,
v.
be
prying
(inquisitive, curious). . (Cf. Ar.
taftash, and fatiishi, utafiti, tafuta,
and syn. B. chitngulia, tazamia.)
*Tafsiri, v. explain, interpret,
expound,
make
intelligible,
translate. n. (ma-), an
explanation, translation. (Ar. See
Fasiri for derivatives, &c.)
*Tadariki,
v.
undertake,
Tafuna, v. chew, nibble, gnaw,
guarantee, be responsible for,
come in time for. (Ar. Cf. daraka, masticate, eat, i. e. use the teeth
and jaws upon food,of men and
diriki.)
animals, e. g. t. nyama, chew meat,
*Tadi, v. transgress, do wrong, t. miwa {inkate), chew sugar-cane
offend, be rude. Ap. lad-ia, -iwa, (bread). Ps. tafunwa. Nt. tafunika.
e.g. be rude to. n. also TTtadi, Ap. tafun-ia, -iwa. Cs. tafuni-sha,
offence, rudeness, &c., e. g. ingia -shwa. (Perh. cf. tafu, for chafu,
kwa ladi, enter rudely (with cheek, and for eating, -la, mega,
rneza.)
violence). (Ar. Cf. jeuri,Jitkuli.)
*Tafuta, v. (1) search (for),
*Tafakari, v. consider, reflect,
meditate. (Ar. Cf. fikiri,with the seek, look for; and also (2) search
*Tahiri,v.
cleanse,
ceremonially,
but
esp.
of
circumcision as practised by
Mahommedans. Ps. tahiriwa. Nt.
taharika.
Ap. tahir-ia, -iwa.
mkxvasi.)
TABIBIA
350
TAGAA
butt-end of anything, e. g. of a
gun, spear, arrow, &c. (Cf.
kitako.)
draught
(gulp,
TAMALAKI
359
TAMBUZA
pumzika.
nafusil)
Cf. nafsi,
TAMALAKI
359
TAMBUZA
T.punda, harness a donkey, put saddle, Z.) tribal marks, tattooing (cf.
&c. on, not used of putting on dress. chale). (Cf. tanda, and utando.)
Tandika nguo chini, lay out clothes on
Tandu, n. (), or Taandu, a
the ground. T. majamvi, spread mats (as
carpets), &c. Cf. wetigi waliotandika centipede.
chini, many were laid low, i.e. killed.
Tandua, v. Rv. of tanda, e.g.
Muungu ameta- ndika tnbingu na
inchi, God spread out the heaven and take off (fold up, remove) what is
earth. Hence derivs. tandikwa, also laid on (spread out, &c.), and so
tandik-ia,-iwa, tand-isha, -ishwa, and of unfurnishing a bed or room,
tandikiana. E. g. wakawapa nyumba unharnessing an animal, &c. Ps.
wakawa- tandikia, and they gave them ta- ndulia. Nt. tanduka. Ap. ta- nduhouses, and furnished them (with mats, lia,-liwa. Cs. tandu-za, -zwa. (Cf.
&c.) for them. Ap. tand-ia, -iwa. Cs. tanda.)
tand-isha, -ishwa. Also tand-aza,
Tanga, n. (ma-)} ( i ) a sail,of a
-azwa, like tanda, tandika, but of
special objects, e.g. tandaza mtama, vessel, of matting or canvas, e.g.
twcka /., set (hoist) sail, tua t.,
spread out millet on a mat to dry in
sail. Kunja /., reef sail.
the sun, also t. nguo. (Cf. /andua, lower
Matanga kati, wind abeam. Obs.
tandama, tandawaa,kitanda,utando, tanga mbili, of the period of
mtande, mtandio, tandiko, tando, and shifting winds between the two
monsoons, also called malelczi (cf.
also such syn. as
tawanya, foromali, dost), (a) a formal
wamba, funika.)
mourning,usually in the plur.
Tandama, v. St. be in an matanga, lasting from three or four
his dishonour known. Rp. tangazana. (Perh. cf. tanga, v., and
mtangazi.)
TANGULIA
TAPIKA
302
break off friendship. Nt. tanguka. (A nyama), a noose of cord (or string,
Rv. form, but no apparent connexion for trapping animals). T. la samaki,
with tanga, v., and no deriv. stems in a haul (catch, draught) of fish. T.
common use. Cf. follg.)
la roho, a halter.
Tangulia, v. (i) go before, go first,
*Tanzia, n. () and Taazia,
precede, take the lead; (2) be beforehand news of a death, announcement of
(with), anticipate, forestall. Sometimes a funeral, e.g. waraka wa tanzia
tangulia mbele, and mbele ya, and this (also barua ya msiba), a written
is more common than construction with notification of a mourning. Kumpa
an objective person-pfx., i.e. ni? mkono wa t., to pay a visit of
netangulia mbele yako, rather than condolence to him. (Ar. Cf. itibi-
nimekutangulia.
Alitangulia rambi, hani.)
kuniambia, he was the first to tell me,
kitanitani,
matani-
tani,
TANGULIA
302
TAPIKA
Tata, v. be in a tangle, be
complicated, be in confusion, but
usually in the Nt. tatika. Ap. tat-ia,
-iwa, -ika, (i) make a tangle of; (2)
wind up in a skein or ball; (3)
puzzle, perplex, make difficulties.
E. g. tatia uzi kijitini, wind thread
on a stick. Tatia kilemba, arrange
the folds of a turban. Also of a
serpent coiling round its prey.
Hence tatiana. Also tat-iza, -izwa,
tatiz-ia, -iwa (Cs. tatizana), like
tatia, entangle, wind, cause a
complication, perplex. Rp. tatana,
be in a tangle, be puzzled, e. g. of
interlacing foliage, of confused
statements. Vyombo vina- tatana
katika bandari, the dhows are all
huddling together in the harbour.
Hence tatan-ia, -iwa. Also tatanisha, -iskwa.
n. usu. in
plur.
salt mu.)
person/)
TAWA
365
TEG A
thari.)
Teke, a. also -teke and Toketeke, (1) soft, yielding; (2) weak,
feeble. Nyama teke, tender meat.
Mtu teke, a soft, weak-spirited
person. Muhindi mteke, Indian com
Tegemeo, n. {ma-), prop, in a soft half-ripe state. Tunda teke,
buttress, support, protection. a soft over-ripe fruit. (Cf. (1)
Katika mate- gemeo yangu halikupati -ororo, laini, (2) thaifu, dufu.)
kitu, under my protection nothing
Tekea, v. and Tekewa. See
can get at you. (Cf. prec., and syn.
Teka.
nguzo, ham ay a, tunza.)
Tekelea, v. (1) arrive (at),
Tego, n. (ma-), a powerful
come
to;
(2)
be
charm, capable of causing disease reach,
accomplished, be carried through,
and death. (Cf. tega, mtego.)
come to its end. E. g. wakati
Tegu, n. {ma-), a tapeworm.
umetekelea, the time has arrived.
TAWA
365
TEG A
TEMSI
308
TENGENEA
-ezwa, also tengeza, tengeleza, put to {no), as a Cs., i.e. set at variance
rights, repair, put in order, (with). (Cf. mtesi, utesi, teso, and syn.
arrange, oorrect, settle, bring to a sumbua, uthi, chokoza.)
happy
conclusion,
make
Teso, n. {via-), suffering,
comfortable.
E.
g.jumbe
hutengeneza shughuli za inchiyake, affliction, pain, trial, persecution,
adversity.
(Cf. tesa, uniivu, uthia.)
the chief administers the affairs of
his country. Muungti haharibu neno,
Teta, v. (i) act or speak
ilia ku- tengeneza neno, Gods work
strive,
insist,but
is not to destroy, but to set right. strongly,
generally (2) oppose (by word or
Hence
action), act or speak against,
contradict,
protest,
iengenezeia {tengezeia). Also te- obstruct,
dispute, quarrel, go to law. Often
ngeitezana.
(Cf. follg. and syn. with tia, C. g. ameteta tin mi, he
disputed with me. Ps. teteiua. Nt.
ongoa,fattyiza.)
Tengeneo,
n.
{via-'), teteka. Ap. tet-ea, -ova, e. g. act
arrangement, orderly disposition, (sneak) for (against, in, at, &c.),
administration, regulation. (Cf. defend, attack, oppose, support).
Cs. tei-esha, -eshwa. Rp. tetana, e.
prec., and syn.
g. quarrel, wrangle, be at enmity.
daraka, maongozi.')
n
Tengo, n. {via-), outrigger,of
(Cf. teto, and syn. bis ha, suia,
a canoe. (Cf. galawa.)
shindaiia.)
Tengua, v. Rv. of tenga, with
Tete, n. grain fully formed, but
similar meaning,move off, put not fully ripe or hard. Tete za
on one side. Nt. tenguka. (Cf. vitavia, or mtama tete, of millet in
tenga.)
this stage. Chicken-pox is called
tete za kwanga, also tete kxvanga,
Tepetea, v. be utterly slack titiwanga.)
(idle, indolent, listless, unstrung,
relaxed). (Cf. follg. and legea.)
Teton, v. cackle,of a hen.
-tepetevu, a. lazy, listless,
Tetema, v. tremble, shake,
slack, &c. (Cf. prec., and syn. quake, quiver. Commonly in the
-legcfu, -vivu, -zevtbe.)
Nt., i. e. tetevieka, e. g. natetevieka
kwa hovia, I am shivering with
Teremea, v. and Terema, be at fever, i. e. in the cold stage of
ease, be free from care and malarious fever. Inchi inatetemeka,
anxiety, be cheerful (happy, the earth quakes. Cs. tetevi-esha,
comfortable). Nt. terenicka (in -eshwa. (Cf. follg. and tikisa, suia.)
same sense). Cs. terem-esha,
-eshwa. Teremesha mgeni, make a
Tetemeko {ma-)f also Tetemo,
guest comfortable, at his case, e. shaking, trembling, shivering. (Cf.
g. cheer up, gladden, relieve, put tetema.)
at ease. (Cf. mteremo, mtcre- vteshi,
and syn. changam'ka, cheia.)
Teteri, n. name of a small kind
of dove.
Tesa, v. afflict, cause trouble
(pain, anxiety, loss) to, persecute,
Teto, n. {ma-), objection, arguharass, tease, &c. Ps. ttST.ua. Nt. ment, plea, protest. (Cf. teta.)
teseka. Ap. tes-ea, -ova. Cs. tesc-sha,
-shiua. Rp. tesana, whence tesanya
TEMSI
308
TENGENEA
as well. (Ar.)
THANA
371
THIKI
with
THANA
371
tukutiza, suka, tetemesha} pttttga.) .
Tikiti, n. {ma-), a water melon,
fruit of mtikiti.
THIKI
ogofya.)
TIMBI
374
*Tissaini,n.and
ninety,
Toa, v. one of the commonest
(Cf. Swahili verbs (cf. piga, tia, weka),
with a range of meanings so wide,
and seemingly contradictory, that
follg.)
.
often the context alone defines
Tissatashara, n. and a., them. The most general idea is *
nineteen.
-a
tissatashara, put out, and this idea is
nineteenth. (Ar. Cf. tissa, and prec. developed in two main lines,A.
. Also syn. kumi na kenda.)
put
forward,
offer,
make
prominent; B. put away, reject,
Tita, n. {ma-), a bundle of fire- totally exclude,this latter being
wood, a faggot. v. (1) tie up in so marked that toa is regularly
bundles, make faggots of, i. used to express actual negation,
e.funga (or, piga) tifa; (2) make the negativing of an idea, and thus
carry (a bundle, or load). Nt. to supply an auxiliary of negation
titika, e. g. mtumwa ametitika mzigo when combined with other verbs,
na bwana wake, the slave has been e. g. kutoa kufanya forms the
given a load to carry by his Infinitive of the Negative
master. Cs. titi-sha, *shwa, (i) cause Conjugation, i.e. not to do, and is
to tie in bundles; ( a) intens. make often shortened to kutoa fatty a, and
carry a load. (Not often used in Z. kutofanya. The following meanings
Cf. ftinga, chukuza, pagaza.)
and constructions may be noted
many, all traceable to the
Titf, n. (ma-)f teat, nipple of among
idea of putting out, while the
breast. (But ettda kwa mat it i examples arc often capable of
means * trot, v. ? Cf. kititi.)
different
and
contradictory
translations, e.g. A. (i) show,
display,
See., /. tturtt,
Titia, v. shake, begin to sink,
give way, break up,e.g. of a shine. T. met to, show the teeth.
rotten roof, and perh. of a rough- Toa taa, display (or, remove) the
sea. Nt. titika, with similar sense. lamp. 71 hadithi, tell a story. 71
show fierceness (bravery).
Titima, v. roll, rumble,as ukali,maua
, cause flowers to grow.
thunder. Cs. titim'sha. (Perh. a 71
give, supply, produce,in this
variant of tetema, tut urn a, which (2)
sense regularly used for -pa, give
see.)
(in cases where the objective pfx.
Titiwanga, n. also ELitiwanga, is absent, and pa therefore cannot
Tetekwanga, names for an be used), e.g. t. mail, give money.
eruptive fever, chicken-pox, rose- T. gharama nyittgi, lay out large
sums. T. njia, grant right of way.
rash.
Also (3) take out, produce,in
-atissa- ini, ninetieth.
Ar. tissa, and
a.,
TITA
TIMBI
374
TITA
( 4 ) occurrence,
result,
consequence (cf. tukio).
(Cf. toa, tok<r,
(pombe)
tokea?)
toa, toka.)
TOBOA
tokosa tukate pamoja na sanili (or,
kwa samli), fry a cake in ghee. Of
water, pika, or chemsha, is usual.
Ps. tokoszva. Nt. tokoseka. Ap.
tokos-ea, -nva. (Cf. follg., and for
cooking, pika, upishi.)
377
TOMBA
' Tona, v. fall in drops, drop, drip,
great crowd, thick as mud. (Cf. bahari waka- ittgia, they launched
follg.)
' the ship and went on board,but
commonly shua. (Cf. iota, and syn.
Topea, v. (1) sink in mud or ehovya, zamisha, didimia. Dist. toza,
dirt, be bogged ; (2) get into Cs. of toa.)
difficulties, ' get hampered
(entangled), plunge in vice. Cs.
Tosa. n. (ma-), fruit just
top-eza, -ezwa, e.g. of effect of a ripening, nearly ripe, turning
heavy load. Inchi inato- peza mignu colour, beginning to be soft. Tosa
yake, the earth makes his feet stick la embe, embe tosa, a mango getting
fast. T. kidole katika mwili, press the ripe. (Cf. -ivu, -pevu.)
finger deep into the body. (Cf.
Tosa, n. () and Toza, pipetope, iopoa, also syn. zama, tot a,
bowl for tobacco, short pipe, usu.
and perh. bopal)
of clay, with stem. (See kiko,
Tope-tope, n. (ma-), custard- which is mostly used in Z.)
apple, fruit of mtopetope.
Tosha, v. suffice, be sufficient
Topoa, v. get out of a (for),
content,
be
enough
difficulty, set free from a spell or (adequate, capable). Yamtosha kazi
charm, extricate, counteract a yoke, his task is enough for him.
poison, e. g. topoa mtu uganga, Ap. tosh-ea, -ewa, -eka. Hence
release a man from the power of a toshel-ca, ewa, and toshel-eza,
charm. Dawa ya ku- topoa, antidote. -eziua, and a further deriv. form
Ps. topolewa. Nt. topoka, e.g. toshelez-ea, -ewa, e. g. mchuzi huu
amelala illiumtopoke ulevi, he is utamtoshelezea wali wake, this gravy
asleep so that his drunkenness he will find enough for his rice.
may leave him. (? Conn, with IVatti wawili wata- mtoshelezea kazi
tope, and for Rv. force of oa, cf. yake, two men will be enough for
chomoa, bomoa, chongoa, and syn. his job. (Cf. Ar. kifu, and dist.
zingua.)
follg.)
*Torati, n. also Taurati, the law
Toshea, v. be amazed,
of Moses, the Pentateuch. (Ar.)
astounded, staggered. Also Ps.
toshewa, in same meaning,be
Toria, n. (ma-), edible fruit of struck with amazement. (Cf.
the tree mtoria. Also kitoria.
sangaa, ajabu, and dist. toshea, Ap.
of tosha.)
Toroka, v. desert, run away
(from master, home, &c.), play
Tota, v. sink down, sink in, be
truant. Mtumwa amemtoroka bwana overwhelmed, be drowned. Tota
wake, the slave has run away from rnajini (bahariui), sink in water
his master,also ametoroka kwa (the sea). Tota macho, * have the
bwana wake. Ps. torokwa, be eyes sunken, have lost the eves
deserted, be run away from. Ap. (sight). Merikebu imetota, the ship
torok-ea, -ewa. Cs. toro-slia, -shwa, has sunk. Ap. tot-ea, -ewa. Cs. totinduce to desert, drive into esha, -eshwa (and perh. also tosa,
running away, seduce, entice which see). Totesha macho, make
away. (CL mtoro, and syn. kimbia.) blind (cf. pofusha). (Cf. zama,
didimia.)
TOBOA
377
TOMBA
TUA
880
TUKA
kituo,
-tulivu, tulizo, tuama, besides tuesha,
tusha, tweza. Obs. similar verbs tia,
put to, toa, put out, tua, put down.)
TOBOA
377
TOMBA
tukuza.)
isha,
TOBOA
377
place
(to
the
tow-n,
to
TOMBA
( 2 ) tumikana, be capable of
(free for, fit for,
available for) service or
use. Hence iumik-ia,
-iwa,
be used or
available by, be at the
service of, and so
commonly, obey, be
obedient to, submit to,
be servant to. Tumikiwa, have service done,
be obeyed. Also tumikisha, -shwa, e. g. cause to
obey,
reduce
to
obedience, take
as
servant. Also tumikish-ia,
-iwa. Ap. tum-ia, -iwa,
-ika, use a person or
thing, make use of,
employ. E.g. akatumia
mali sana, he spent
money extravagantly.
Neno kill latumika, this
word is in use, is
current. Kisu kinatumiwa,
the knife is being used.
Hence tumil-ia, -iwa, -ika,
e. g. use for (with, in,
against, &c.). Jitumi- lia,
spend selfishly, waste.
Tumilia mbali, use up,
consume entirely. Also
tumiana. tCs. tum-isha,
-ishwa, -iza, -izwa, e.g".
(i) cause to employ,
make
send;
(2)
commonly intens. give
a special or urgent task
to, impose a duty, give a
charge to. Zile ng'ombe
ulizotumiza
zimekuja,
those oxen you sent for
are come. Tutatumiza
watu wa mji, we will give
work to all the people in
the town. Hence iumishia, -iwai Rp. tumana. (Cf.
tume,
mtume,
tumo,
matumizi,
mtumishi,
mtumwa, utu- mwa. Also
peleka, which is in some
senses
synonymous.
TTTMBUA
confident, sanguine,
hopeful. (Ar. Cf. prec.)
-tumaini,
383
TUNDI^A
( 3 ) or in capacity,inside of a
vessel, receptacle, hold (of
a ship) ; (4) pain or disease
in the abdominal region,
colic,
stomach-ache,
diarrhoea, stoppage, &c. E.
g. tumbo la kuhara {la
kuenenda),
diarrhoea,
looseness of the bowels; t.
la kuhara damu, dysentery.
Also of pregnancy, yuna
tumbo, or, tumbo kubwa, she
is pregnant. Ndugu tumbo
moja, children of the same
mother. Plur. matu- mbo,
guts, entrails, bowels, i.e.
contents of the lower part of
thebody. (Cf. ut umbo, kit
umbo, tu- tnbua, kit u mbit a,
miumba, mtumbwi.)
TTTMBUA
383
TUNDI^A
Tundu, n. (, and ma-), hole, Tunga si- ndano, tunga itzi (katika
hollow,
passage,
hollow sindano) areboth used of threading a
receptacle, and hence of several needle.
objects, den or lair of a wild
( 2 ) T. mayayi, form eggs,also
animal, snake, &c., nest of a bird,
(Nt.) mayayi yametunga, the
a cage of any kind, a basket of
eggs are hard set,the
open wicker-work. Tundu ya pua,
contents having taken form.
nostril. Dim. kiiundu. Fanya tundu,
Mtama unatunga, the millet
bore a hole. Tundu tundu, full of
(grain) is forming. T. mimba,
holes, e. g. describing trellisconceive, form an embryo.
work, lattice, net-work, &c., or of
T. chuo (mashairi, nyimbo),
moth-eaten clothes. ( Tundu is the
compose a book (poetry,
most general word for hole. Cf.
songs). T. usaha, form
shimo, which is usually bigger,
matter, suppurate, e. g. of
kipango, kitobwe, ufa, mwanya.)
an abscess. Ps. tungwa. Nt.
tungikax (1) not only as
-tundu, a. obstinate, perverse,
above, i. e. be~puT
naughty, self-willed, troublesome,
together, be formed, but (2)
esp. of children. Mtoto mtundu
with the further sense, be
lazima kurudi, a naughty child must
hung up, i. e. perh. be put
be punished.
on a string, be suspended,
Tunduia, v. keep a watchful
be connected with, be
eye on, look out for, spy out, lie in
dependent upon; and
wait for. E. g. of a doctor, akiugua
( 3 ) sometimes Act., e. g.
mtoto hutaweza kumtunduia, if the
tungika paa, put up a roof,
child is ill, you will not be able to
with Ps. tungikwa (cf. angika,
attend it. Ps. tunduiwa. (Cf. follg.,
tundika), e.g. alitu- ngikwa
tanzi la roho, he was hung up
and otea, tunza, chungulia, pelelezai)
by a noose round the neck.
Tunduizi, n. one who watches,
71 ngao, hang up a shield.
guardian, spy. (Cf. prec.)
Hence tungik-ia, -iwa. Ap.
tung-ia, -iwa, e. g. umeTunduwaa, v. be still, silent,
tungia (uzi) sindano, you
motionless, e.g. of one amazed,
have threaded the needle.
deceived, fascinated, deep in
Cs. tung-iza,
thought. (Cf., for the form,
tandawaa.)
TTTMBUA
383
TUNDI^A
TTTMBUA
food.
Obs.
-tupu,
includes
unclothed,
naked, but to denote
nakedness in a vulgar
sense, utupu or tupu is
used os an indccl. adj.,
e.g. huyu ni utupu, the
person is naked. Mtu
tupu, a naked person. A
less vulgar word is uchi.
(Cf. utupu, uchi.)
Turuhani, n. tare, allowance
made in weighing for package,
vehicle, &c.
(?Ar.
deduction.)
Turuki, n. (ma-), also Turki,
383
TUNDI^A
TUHUMA
386
TWEKA
pumusi.)
U is used independently
A. as a verb-form, (i) you are, agreeing common nse has the pfx. of D 5 (P),
with the pron. of the a Pers. Sing., i.e. tna-y usually denoting concrete forms
wewey or (a) it is, agreeing with D a (S), D or cases of the abstract expressed by
4 (S), e.g. tfizigo u ntzilOy the load is heavy. the singular; (3) the rest following the
B. occasionally as conj. and, e.g. tatu rather difficult grammatical rules for
D 4 (P).
.
u tiussu, three and a half. (Cf. Ar. wa.)
root, e. g. fungdt
TUHUMA
386
TWEKA
TUHUMA
386
TWEKA
Uangalifu, n. carefulness,
*Ubahili, n. miserliness, niggardattention. (Cf. follg.)
liness. (Ar. Cf. bahili, and syn.
ukabithi, choyo.)
Uangalizi,
n.
(ma-),
observation, taking notice, care.
*Ubaini, Ubainifu, n. clearness/
(Cf. angalia.)
demonstrability, notoriety, demonstration, evidence. (Ar. Cf. baini, and
Uangamizi, n. (ma-), ruin, col- syn. thahiri, wazi.)
lapse, description. (Cf. angamia.)
Ubale, n. (mbale), strip, slice, piece, e.
Uapo, n. (nyapo), (1) a
swearing, an oath (cf. apa); (2) g. mbale za muhogo, cassava cut in
also ivapo, a giving, a gift, e. g. pieces lengthways,called als
ndio uapo mnono, that is a rieh
present. (Cf. pa v., kipaji.)
*Uarabu, n. (1) country of the
Arabs,
Arabia,commonly
Arabuni, or Manga; (2) Arab
nature. (Dist. uharabu).
Uashi, n. art of masons work,
building with stone, masonry, a
masons fee. (Cf. aka, asha, mwashi.)
*Uasi,
n.
(maasi),
rebelliousness,
disobedience,
rebellion, revolt, mutiny. Fanya
vtasi kwa Sultani, revolt against the
Sultan. (Ar.)
Uayo, n. (nyayo), also Unyago,
and Wayo, sole of the foot,
footprint, footstep, track.
(Cf.
hatua.)
Ubaba,
n.
paternity,
fatherhood. (Cf. baba, umama.)
Ubabwa, n. and Ubwabwa, (1)
gruel, pap, e.g. rice, esp. as made
for hungry children or invalidsj
boiled with water enough to make
a paste, or (2) rice cooked plainly,
without cocoanut juice. Cf. the
riddle Ubabwa wa mtoto mtamu, a
childs pap is nice,the answer
being usingizi, sleep. (Cf. matabwatabwa, uji, wali.)
Ubadili, Ubadilifu, n. (ma-),
change,
changeableness,
exchange, interchange. (Ar. Cf*
badili.)
UBALEHI
389
beml>e.)
U DILI SI
Ubembelezi,
n.
flirting,
coquetry, coaxing, wheedling,
fondling, allurement. (Cf. bemba,
(betnbe,
mabembe),
*Ubuxudisho, n. cooling, refreshUbingwa, n. cleverness, profi- ment, recreation, relief. (Ar. Cf.
ciency, quality of a good baridi, burudisha.)
workman. (Cf. bingwa, and syn.
ustadi, wele- kevti.) .
TJbinja, n. (mbinja), also
Uwinja, Ubinda, a whistling
noise, whistle, i. e. the act or
sound of whistling. Riga mbinja,
whistle. (Cf. miunzi, tnsonyOy
kibinja, and dist. uwinda.)
Ubishi, n. (mbishi, tnabishi), (i)
joking, a joke, jest, fun (cf.
mzaha),
(2)
refractoriness,
contrariness, strife, opposition,
obstructiveness.
Ubishi
rnwingihuvuta
mateto,
joking
carried too far leads to
quarrelling. (Cf. bis ha, also ukaidi,
utundu, 'ushi- ttdatii.)
UBALEHI
389
U DILI SI
-.
UBALEHI
389
kidole.)
U DILI SI
UDUI
302
UFUFUKO
both
seldom
used),
(1)
chieftainship, kingship, royalty; (2)
sway, rule, dominion; (3) sphere of
dominion, kingdom. (Cf. mfalme,
and syn. enzi, mamlaka, ukuu.)
Ufanani,
n.
likeness,
resemblance. (Cf. fanana, mfatto.)
Ufasaha, n. (fasaha) and Ufasihi, elegance, aesthetic taste,
purity of style, correct form,esp.
of a literary kind. (Ar. Cf. fasihi,
and syn. dibaji, usahihi, uswaf.)
*Ufidiwa, n. (fidiwa), ransoming,
*Uflfilisi,
n.
distraining,
selling up, disposing of a debtors
goods,and more generally,
financial ruin, whether selfcaused (i.e. extravagance, waste)
or otherwise. (Ar. Qi.flisi, and syn.
angamiza, poteza.)
Ufuasi, n. (fuasi, and ma-), following, accompanying, e.g. of musical accompaniment. (Cf. fuata,
rnfuasi.)
UFTJKABA
303
UGEUZI
Ufupisho,
n.
shortening, of a stranger or foreigner, newness,
contraction. (Cf. prec.)
strangeness; (2) state of being a guest;
(3) a foreign region or country,
Ufusio, n. sprinkling of small foreign parts. Safri ugenini, travel
stones on a fresh-laid concrete abroad, in foreign countries. (Cf.
floor, to bring it to a smooth geni.)
surface. (Cf. fusia, kifusi.)
Ugeuzi,n. (gcuzi, magtuzi), changing,
Ufuta, n. semsem,the oil
from which is called mafuta ya uta. changcablcncss, change, varia
(Cf. mafuta.)
Ufuu, n. the nutty part of a
cocoa- nut inside the shell ( kifuu),
extracted by grating. Called
chicha when mixed with water,
and the oil strained out. (Cf. nazi,
chicha, tui. Dist. fuu, the fruit.)
Ufuzi, n. (fuzi, mafuzi), a hair of
the armpits, or of the pudenda.
Ufyozi, n. (1) making a
contemptuous whistling noise
between the teeth, so generally (2)
a defiant, insolent manner of
acting or speaking. \CLfyoa.)
Uga, n. (), an open space in
a town, or round a house. E. g.
akafka ttgani panafo i/e nyumba, he
arrived at the open place, where
the house stood. (Cf. uwanja,
fettpe, and dist. ua.)
Ugali, q. a stiff porridge, commonly made of rntama, millet,
mixed with water and cooked.
Uganga, n. (///<2-), (1) art
(profession, fee) of a native
doctor,
doctoring,
healing,
surgical and medical aid,
including use of charms,&c (see
Mganga). Also (2) medicine,
charm. E. g. pika (fanya, weka)
uganga, concoct (make, place in
position)
native
medicine.
Plaganga, used of a doctors
appliances,
materials,
and
operations generally. (Cf. ganga,
and cont. uchawi.)
Ugoni, n. (1) state or condition
tion, turning round. (Cf. geitka, sick, care of sick people, operations
(materials, mean's, &c.) of nursing.
(Cf. ugua, and mlezi.)
*Ughaibu, n. See Uraibu.
Ugwe, n. {ngwe, and nyugwe),
Ugo, n. {nyugo), (i) enclosure, string, small cord, and anything used
fenced court, yard ; (2) fence. In as such. (Cf. kigwe, kitani, hatnba.)
Z. commonly ua. (Cf. uga, ua.)
*Uhaba, n. (1) fewness, scantiness,
Ugomba, n. (gomba), fibre, rarity; (2) being too few, deficiency,
from the banana stalk (mgomba), lack. (Ar. Cf. haba, and syn. -chache.)
very strong and fine.
.
geu, and syn. ubadili.)
Ugonjwa,
n.
{gonjwa,
sickness,
disease,
UGHAIBU
394
UHURU
Uhaflfu,
n.
lightness, want, need, requirement, desire; (2)
cheapness, commonness, poor indigence, necessitous condition. (Ar.
quality, worthlessness. (Ar. Cf. Cf. hilaji.)
hafifu.)
*Uhodari, n. strength, firmness,
*Uhai, n. being alive, life. (Ar. ability, resolution, courage, skill. (Cf.
Cf. hai, huisha, and syn. -zima, hodari, and syn. nguvu, uwezo.)
ishi.)
{halifu,
or
disobedience,
transgression, breaking rules,
rebellion, naughtiness. (Ar. Cf.
halifu, and syn. uasi, ukaidi.)
mahalifu),
n.
. *Uharabu, n. destructiveness,
mischievousness, vandalism. (Ar.
Cf. uharibifu, harabu, haribu, and
syn. uvunjifu.')
Uharamia, n.
piracy, outlawry.
haramia, karamu.)
brigandage,
(Ar. Cf.,
Uhusuda, n.
See Uhasidi.
(Ar.)
Uiari, see Urari.
Uima, n. and adv. and Wima,
uprightness (of position), upright.
E. g. watu waliosimama uima, people who stood upright. (Cf. ima.)
Uimbaji, n. being a singer
(minstrel, chorister), singing (as a
practice or profession). (Cf. imba,
and follg.)
Uimbo, n. (nyimbo), also
Wimbo, a singing, a song. (Cf.
imba, and prec.)
Uivu, n. and Uwivu, jealousy,
envy. Li a uivu, weep for jealousy.
(Cf. -ivu, and husttda, hasidi.)
Uizi, n. thieving, robbery,
theft. (Cf. iba, rnwizi, and syn.
unyang- anyi.)
UGHAIBU
394
UHURU
effort has no power against Providence. (Ar. Cf. jitakidi, and syn.
utcndaji, bidii.)
Ukaguzi,
n.
inspection,
examination, survey. (Cf. kagua.)
*Ukahaba,
fornication.
kakaba.)
n.
prostitution,
(Ar.
Cf.
UGHAIBU
394
UHURU
n.
(kamio),
threatening,
(Cf.
suspender.
dunder the chin, leaving two long e.g. of a river, precipice, pit, &c.,
ends, worn by married free edge of a sou a red or chamfered
women of the poorer class.
board. (Cf. ninga, and ttkattdo.)
Ukazi, n. act of residing
Ukinzani, n. (kinzani, ma-), ab(staying, remaining), right to stractiveness, contentiousness, petureside, payment for lodging, &c. lance, objection, contradiction. (Cf.
(Cf. ukao, kaa, v.)
kittga, kinzani.) '
Uke, n. (i) womanhood, female
condition, status, characteristics,
bnt commonly for distinctness
utu uke; (2) condition (privileges,
duties) of being a wife, e. g. uke
na ume ume- kwisha, we have
ceased to be wife and husband;
(3) for the vulgar kuma, vagina.
(Cf. -ke, and contr. -ume.)
Ukelela, n. (kelele, and ma-), a
cry, shout, exclamation, noise of
voices. (Cf. kelele. Also uke mi,
rarely used in Z.)
Ukengee, n. flat part of a
cutting instrument, blade of knife,
&c. (Cf. kengee, and bapa.)
Ukili, n. (), a narrow length
of plaited leaf-strip. Such lengths
sewn together form the common
mats of Zanzibar. Suka ukili, plait
ukili. (Sec Mwaa, Mkindu.)
*Ukinaifu, n. (kinaifu), selfsufficiency,
independence,
fastidiousness, self-satisfaction,
conceit. (Cf. kinai, -kinaifu.)
Ukindu, n. (kittdu), material
from the mkindu, or wild date
palm, i. e. leaf used for plaiting,
and fibre for string. The fruit is
kittdu. (Cf. mkindu, mwaa, ukili.)
Ukingo,
n.{kittgo),(1)
act
(means, manner, &c.) of warding
off,and so used variously of a
screen in a house, an awning to
keep off the sun, a fence for
directing game to a trap, a barricade of trees across a raid, a
parapet or balustrade, 8cc.; (a)
edge, rim, margin, verge, border,
UKAZI
Ukiri,
n.
(1)
acknowledgement,
confession,
justification, admission. Jitia ukiri,
justify oneself, freely allow. (2)
for ukili, a plait of leaf- strips. (Ar.
Cf. kirif and syn. uttgama.)
397
UKOMBOZI
n.
fibre
of
the
Ukonyezo,
n.
(konyezo),(i)
making a silent or secret sign, esp.
with eyes or hands, a wink, a
shrug; and (2) fig. hint,
suggestion, warning, allusion.
(Cf. konyeza,. and kopesa.)
Ukoo, n. (1) relationship,
kinship,
affinity,
ancestry,
pedigree, descent, family (cf.
ujamaa, udugu, utani, akrabba,
nasaba)\ (2) perh. better ukowo,
(2) thing
loan,
advance
(ci.karatha,maazimo). (Cf. kopa, mkopi.)
hi
la,
uda-
borrowed,
nganyifu);
UKAZI
397
UKOMBOZI
mlimo, kilimo.)
Ukumbi, 11. (kumbi), porch, vesUkosi, n. nape of the neck.(Cf. tibule, outer hall, anteroom,inside a
stone house, outside a mud house.,
Ingia (tixva) kumbini is- an euphemistic
kikosi.)
and kuu.)
'<
Ukucha, n. (kucha, and mar),
nail . (of finger or toe), claw,
talon, hoof. Piga (peleka) uk.,
scratch, lacerate, claw.
*
ITkufi, n. (kufi), as much as
will lie on the flat of the hand,
handful. Punje za mtama zinazopata
ukufi, as much millet as would lie
on the hand. (Cf. kofi, i. e. ukufi for
ukofi.)
Ukunjufu, n. cheerfulness,
gladness, good temper, geniality
(of mien and manner). (Cf. kunja,
-ku- njufu.)
UKAZI
397
UKOMBOZI
Ukuti, n. (putt), a side frond ofa humble appeal, begging for mercy. (Cf.
cocoanut leaf. (Cf. kuti, ma- kuti.) lalamu.)
Ukuu, n. greatness,but more Ulalo, n. (malalo), (1) place (time,
in a moral than material sense. accessories, manner) of lying down or
sleeping, camping-place, bed. Malalo, things
(See -kuu, and Kubwa.)
to sleep on, bedding (c kituo, kambi). (2)
by marriage, e. g. father-in-law
and son- in-law. (Cf. inkwe.)
*Ulaanifu, n. a cursing, a
curse, being cursed. (Ar. Cf. laana,
-laanifu, and follg.)
Ulaanizi, n. a cursing, using
imprecations, malediction. (Ar.
Cf. prec.).
Ulafl, n. (nia-), over-eating,
voracity, greediness, gluttony. (Cf.
-la, ulaji, and ul&vi.)
TJlaika, n. (wa-), a hair of the
body, a bit of down, gossamer.
(Cf. udevu, unyele, uko/v, and dist.
Ar. malaika, angel.)
Ulaini, Ulainifu, n. softness,
smoothness,
tenderness,
gentleness (of accent, manner,
&c.). (Ar. Cf. laini, and syn.
wororo, upole,)
Ulaji, n. (wa-), act of eating,
opportunity (means, chance) of
eat- .ing, a feast. E. g. uwapo ulaji
wakubwa, give the leading people
a feast. (Cf. -la, ulaji, chukula.)
Ulalamizi, n. (lalamiu), supplication,
.vital ago).
lalo.)
TJlambilambi, n. condition of a
cocoanut, when the nutty part is
just forming, still soft, and can be
picked off, i. e. ul. wa dafn. (Cf.
lamba, dafu, nazi. Dist. rambirambi.)
kitunda.)
ULAMBILAMBI 400
ULIO
ULAMBILAMBI 400
ULIO
UMBA-UMBA
generally, e.g. mfitiyanzi anaumba
vyungii, the potter is making
cooking- vessels. Ps. urnbwa. Nt.
umbika, e. g. kuumbika kwake kuzuri,
he has a fine figure. Ap. urnb-ia,
-iwa. Cs. utnb-isha, -ishwa. Rp.
umbana.
(Cf. umbo, kiumbe,
maumbile, umbua, and syn. huluku,
fanya, fanyiza.)
402
UMIO
nature
(sex,
condition,
characteristics), e. g. manliness,
courage, pluck,but commonly utu
ume for manhood generally, and kiume
for qualities and character, i. e.
manliness, e. g. ume wa leo na kesho,
true courage lasts more than a day. (2)
condition of a husband, e.g. ume na
uke umekwisha, we have ceased to be
husband and wife. (3) for the vulgar
tnboo, penis. (Cf. follg., and uke.)
-ume, a. (ndume with D 4*(P),
ULAMBILAMBI 400
ULIO
TJmito,
n.
heaviness, aand so as conceivably attributable
sluggishness, commonly uzito to other than God Himself. But
in Z.
* also cf. umoto, from moto, in place
of uoto.)
Umivu, n. (ma-), pain, ache,
smart. (Cf. wa, and syn.
Una, verb-form, * you have, it
uehungu, uchomi)
is, -u pfx. agreeing with Pron. of 2
Pers. Sing, and D 2 (S), D 4 (S),
Umka, v. and Umuka, swell and tia (which see). Unaui? Una
up, rise up with froth or foam, tiitti? What is the matter with you ?
e. g. of dough when fermenting,
also of breakers and foaming
*Unaflki, n. hypocrisy, dissemwaves.
bling, deceit. (Ar. Cf. mtiajiki, and
m won go.)
unttnu, See.)
UMITO
403
UNENI
Ungama, v. acknowledge,
confess, admit, allow, grant,
concede. U. uizi, confess a
robbery. U. rupia, admit the
possession
of
rupees.
Ps.
ungamiwa. Nt. ungamika. Ap.
ungam-ia, -iwa, e.g. walim wungamia
nyumba, they granted him a house,
i, e. agreed, allowed it. Cs. ungamisha, -ishwa, induce to confess,
hear a confession. (Cf. mwungamo, mwangamishi, and syn. kiri.)
Ungamana, v. be joined
together,
uhited,
connected,
coherent, interdependent. Cs.
ungaman-isha, -ishwa. (Cf. unga,
and fungamana, shikamana, -mana.)
Ungamo,
n.
(ma-),
(i)
confession, concession, admission
; (2) a yellow stuff, used as a dye,
from the shrub mwungamo.
UMITO
See -ingi.)
403
UNENI
Unong'onozi, n. (nongonezi),
whispering. (Cf. ttongona.)
Unono, n. (1) fatness,of
animals, (unette, of man), and so
(2) richness, comfort, luxury. A
common expression of good
wishes is ishi {Jala) unono, may
you live (sleep) in comfort. (Cf.
ttona, -nono.)
UMITO
403
UNENI
kinyaa, -nya.)
UNYEO
406
TTPAMBA
tnpambano.)
UNYEO
406
TTPAMBA
UNYEO
406
TTPAMBA
Kaa upeponi, sit in a draught. (See Pepo, cooking, wages of a cook. Upishi ni
and Pepea.)
kuni, no cooking without fuel. For
of cooking cf. tokosa, oka, kanga,
Upesi, n. and Wepesi, speed, ways
quickness, velocity, lightness in chemsha, choma. (Cf. pika, mpi~ shi!)
movement,but
wepesi
commonly of lightness in Upo, n. (nyupo), a dipper, for baling
Upondo, n. (potido),
Pondo, sing, (which see).
also
UPOFU
409 URASHAKASHA
*TJsharifu,
n.
nobility,
excellence, respectability,esp. of
rank and character. (Ar. Cf. sharifu)
Usharika, n. {sharika), and
Ushirika, (1) partnership, cooperation, sharing; (2) community
inheritance, a heritage, bequest, of interests, common nature,
legacy. (Ar. Qi:rithi, v. inherit, intimate union, commission. (Ar.
warithi,
mrithi.
Dist. urathi) See Shariki.)
TJrotba, n. also Worotha, WorUshaufu,
n.
delusiveness,
ths, invoice, list of goods,
deception,
misleading
schedule. (?Ar.)
display,disappointing promise. (Cf.
*TTrujuani, n. purple,the shaua)
colour. (Ar.)
*Ushemasi,n. office (work,
salary) of a deacon, diaconate. (Ar.
*Usafihi, n. See Usufli.
Cf. shemasi)
Usaha, n. matter (from
Ushd, n. {nyushi), (1) eyebrow;
abscess, wound, &c.), pus,
(2)
any
ridge
(projection,
discharge.
roughness)
resembling
an
Usahibi,
n.
correctness, eyebrow, e. g. stringcourse of a
accuracy, freedom from fault
(blemish, mistake). (Ar. C
kekee, kikuku, kipini, kipu- li,
kingaja, koa, use]a, jasi, jebu, kipaji,
t/alia, ndonya, shamili, sarafu,
azama, pete, and for dress nguo)
*Urithi, n. {rithi), th as in thin,
UPOFU
409 URASHAKASHA
USHINDE
ing.
(<?f.
shinda,
shindana,
and
upigano.) *
ashanni.)
Ushuzi, n. breaking wind. (Cf. shu/a,
shtaka.)
shuhudia.)
shttkrani.)
USO
411
UPOFU
409 URASHAKASHA
chtlewai ah in.)
in a large pod.
412
USOKA
kaza.)
Uswafl, n. purity, lucidity,
Utakatifu, n. cleanliness, purity,
clearness,esp. of elegance of material and moral,and so, sanctity,
style (cf. ufasihi, usahihi).
(Ar. holiness. (Cf. -takatifu, takasa, and syn.
Cf. safi.)
weupe, uswafi.)
Utabiri,
n.
(via-),
interpretation,
explanation,
exposition,
announcement,
prediction. (Ar. Cf. tabiri\ and syn.
ubashiri, u/asiri.)
Utadi, n. itadi), offence, error.
(Ar. Cf. tadi.)
Utafatbali, v. from tafatbali
(which see),used as a polite formula, please, if you please, would
you be so good. (Ar. Cf. fa- thili,
afat kali.)
Utasi,
n.
inability
or
disinclination to speak, being
tongue-tied:
iambi,)
(iando) and
to describe
USOKA
412
sliding,
USOKA
412
.wa kukutaka, I had a reason for tisha,and tiisha, reduce to subasking you. Hana ruhusa kutembca mission.)
billa uthuru, he is not allowed to
Uto, n, (nyuto) or Ute, and perh.
go walks without occasion. Toa .,
offer excuse. v. excuse, allege Uta, of any thick, viscid, oily fluid.
an excuse for, use as pretext. Ps. E.g. uta (lute) wa yai, white of egg. Uto
uthuriwa.
Nt. uthurika, e. g. be wa ina/uta. oil. Uto wa lisasi, lead in a
semi-liquid (molten) state; uto wa
excused, or excusable, have an ttyatna, dripping, from meat, melted
apology made for one. Ap. ttthur- fat. (Cf. utornvu, and perh. into, kijuio
ia, -iwa, e. g. allege pretext for, for kijito.)
&c. Cs. uthur-isha, -ishwa. ' (Ar. Cf.
hoja, sababu.)
Utimbi,
Utimfl.
n.
mischievousness, roguery. (Cf.
kitimbi, timvi.)
UTI
415
UTUMBO
n.
mucus
(Lat.
uttyamafu, raha.)
UTI
Notcommon,becauseofthecommo
ner meaning (2) nakedness,
nudity,in a vulgar sense, and
(3) sexual organs. E. g.
Uvuguvugu, n. lukewarmness,
tepidity, i.e. neither cold nor hot,
wala baridi wala hari. (Cf. -vuguvugu.)
415
UTUMBO
UTI
415
UTUMBO
Uwakili,
n.
condition (Cf. mawele.)
(employment, methods, salary,
Uwelo. Sec Uele.
&c.) of an agent or representative
(wakilt), stewardship. (Ar. Cf.
Uwezo, n. and sometimes Uweza,
wahili.) .
Uwezi, (1) being able,and so (2)
strength, might, power, capacity,
Uwali, n. office (dignity, authority, ability, faculty. (Cf. wesa,
duties, salary, &c.) of a governor, and syn. ttguvu, enzi, mamlaka, arnri,
governorship. (Ar. Cf. wait, liwali.) ahili.)
Uwambo, n. (i) act (manner,
operations, &c.) of stretching Uwili, n. being twofold, duality,
over, &c. (See Wamba.) (2) the dualism, doublcness. (Cf. pili, -wili.
laced cords of a native bedstead. For articles of double tcxture
(Cf. kitatida, ktwambo.)
Uwanda, n. (wanda) and
Uwanja, an open space, i. e. (1) in
towns, and so usually in Z.
public square, space before
houses, or (in houses) courtyard,
yard, plot, of enclosed ground
attached to a house; (2) in the
country,open ground, plain,
wilderness. (Cf. uwanja, kiwanja,
and syn. tigo, ua, and dist. wangwa,
uwanga.)
Uwrele,
n.
(ma-),
mxvcle,
|or folded in two, extra thick, drying up, hardness, stiffness; (2)
cf. maradufu.)
disobliging
conduct,
rudeness,
reserve. E.g. u. wa maungo, of
Uwima, n. See Uima.
rheumatism, and u. wa lumbo,
costiveness. (Ar. Cf. yabisi, and
. Uwinda, n. (mbinda) and Uwinja ubaridi.)
(mbinja), also Uinda, Uinja, (i)
hunting; (2) a way of wearing the
Uyoga, n. (nyoga), an edible
loin-cloth, when engaged in fungus, mushroom.
hunting or hard work, viz. tucking
it tightly between the legs and
round the loins, and as the
Banyan fashion is in Z. E. g.
method,
&c.)
of
hunting.
n.
(1)
dryness,
UWIMA
418
Uyuzi,
n.
for
common
ujuzi,ingenuity,
cleverness,
knowingness, intelligence. (Cf.
jua, ujuzi, ujuvi.)
UZEE
( 4 ) produce,
this is
offspring,but
usually mazao.
Chango la uzazi, umbilical
cord. (Cf. zaa, kizazi, mzazi,
zao.)
zuia, zuio.)
UWIMA
418
UZEE
V.
V represents the same sound as
in English. But it is not clearly
distinguishable from f in some
Swahili words, partly no doubt
under the influence of Arabic,
which has only the f sound. Hence
words not found under V may be
looked for under F. (See F.)
Vaa, v. put on as clothes, dress
in, wear, clothe oneself, dress.
Avievaa nguo nzuri, he is wearing a
fine dress. Hajavaa, he is still
dressing. Ps. valiwa, (i) of things,
be worn ; (2) of persons, be
dressed. Nt. vika is used as act.,
clothe (with), cause to wear, dress
(in), with pass, vikwa, be clothed
(with). Ap. valia, valiwa, valika, e.
g. (1) put on with (for, in, Sec.),
but e6p. (2) put on something by
way of addition to ordinary
clothes,and so, dress oneself
up, wear fine clothes, be a dandy,
and of a soldier, put on
accoutrements. E. g. mshipi wa
kuvalia nguo, a belt to secure ones
clothes with. Amevalia leo, he has
got his best things on to-day. Also
in a fig. sense, neno hili lajivalia,
this matter stands on its merits.
Hence valiana, e. g. collectively of
many persons together. Cs. valisha, -shwa, but usually vika, as
above, and also visha, vishwa,
cause to wear, give clothes to, &c.
Rp. vishana. (Cf. vao, valio, vazi,
vika, vua.)
UWIMA
418
UZEE
Vazi, n. {via-), article of (which see). (Perh. cf. vilia, vizia, and
dress,wearing apparel, dress,
robes, garments, clothes. (Cf. viza, a., and syn. vunja, haribu, zuia,
vaa.)
kaliza.)
Vilio, n.
short,
stopping
VILE
421
VUA
VILE
421
VUA
VILE
421
VUA
VILE
421
VUA
VILE
421
VUA
VILE
Wainna,
conj.
if
not,
othenvise. (Arab, for common B.
kama sivyo.)
421
VUA
WAKO
427
WANDA
n.
See
Kiwango,
WAKO
Band 10.)
427
WANDA
n. receipt, income,
credit side of cash
account. Cheti cha wasili,
a receipt. Also as adj.
waraka wako wasili, your
note (is) duly received.
(Ar. Cf.fka,pata.)
Wasiwasi.
n.
doubt,
perplexity, scruple, infatuation,
disquiet,esp. when caused by
moral want of balance, weakness
of
character,
yielding
to
temptation. Fanya w., feel irresolute. Tia w., confuse the mind
(conscience). Ukamwingia wasiwasi
yule kijana, the young man was
filled with waverings. (Ar. Cf.
syn. mash aka, and dist. waziwazi.)
WAKO
427
WANDA
( 5 ) make
place
for,
accommodate, have room
for, contain, make comfortable, e.g. ulimwengu wote
hau- mweki, the world is too
small for him; nyu?7iba
hainiweki, my house is not
comfortable. (6) entrust,
deposit, commit, allot,
assign, e.g. w. fetha {heshima,
amattd),
give
money
(honour, a pledge). (7) set
firm, establish, appoint,
found, institute, e.g. w.
mfabne, set a chief on his
throne; w. desturi, establish a
custom ; w. sheria, lay down
a law ; kiwekwacho 11a
Muungii,
mwanadamu
hawezi kukiondoa, what is
appointed by God, man
cannot annul. (8) a common
form of pious wish or
blessing is, Muungu akuweke,
may God keep you, bless
you, make you comfortable,
sometimes with heri
added. Ps. wekwa. Nt.
wekeka. Ap. wek-ea, -ewa.
Hence wekeana,e. g. wekeana
masharti, bet together; w.
heshima,
exchange
compliments. Cs. {wek-esha,
-eza, seldom used). Rp.
wekana. (Cf. weko, kiweko.)
Wekevu, n. for welekevu, expertness, quickness, aptness, intelligence,,
inclination. (Cf. elekea, -ekevu^)
Weko, n. (ma-), (1) place for
putting something, stand, magazine,
base, pedestal; (2) piece of metal used
for welding. Tia weko, weld. (Cf. weka,
kiweko.)
Wekua, v. break up, dig up, break
in pieces, e.g. of a roof of concrete, or
wall, with crowbars, &c. (Perh. Rv. of
weka, or variant of ekua, tekua (which
see).)
Wekundu, n. red colour, redness,
ruddiness. (See -ekundu. The only
WEA
Wembe,
n.
(nyembe,but
wembe appears also to be treated
as D 6, cf. dim. kiwembe, perh. as
dist. from kijembe, jembe), a razor.
(Dist. also mwembe, embe.)
Wendeleo, Wendelezo, and -i,
Wenendo, n. going on (back),
pro-,
ceeding,
progress,
movement, and fig. conduct,
behaviour, way of living., (Cf.
enenda, endelea, &c.)
430
WENDELEO
WEA
430
WENDELEO
WEA
430
WENDELEO
WONYESHO
433
poached egg.
YAKINT
Kwa yakini, really and truly. Wa- Swahili treated as above, like yakini.
taka yakini gani ? What sort of Cf. weza, wezekana.)
a. true,
WONYESHO
433
YAKINT
si/a, lewcu)
WONYESHO
433
YAKINT
Yumba.Yumba-yumba,
v.
A. Causal, and so (1) Causal
sway, wave to and fro, stagger, c. simply, cause to (be or act), have
g. of trees,a balanced pole, a done, get done. (a) Compulsive, force
drunken or feeble person. to (). (3) Permissive, allow to ().
{Ql.yonga, waya, sita,lewa.)
(4) Attractive, induce to (Y
Yumkini, v. See Yamkini.
(Ar.)
Yumo, verb-form, he (she) is
within. (Cf. yuko,yu,-mo.)
ZA
436
ZAMU
'Z&ngefori, n. and
cinnabar, anatta. (Ar.)
ZA
436
ZAMU
yule.)
ZA
436
ZAMU
identity
(shindika),
shinduka.)
with
sindika
sindua, sinduka,
ZIM.WE
&c.)
Zingamana, v. be of a
turning, twisting, curving kind,
e. g. of a winding river. (St. Rp.
of prec.)
Zingizi, n. See Usingizi.
Zingo, n. (ma-), tum, twist,
bend, revolution. (Cf. mzingo,
and zinga.)
#
Zingua, v. Rv. of zinga, (1)
unroll, unfold, unwrap ; (2)
relieve of a spell or charm,
disenchant, exorcize, rid of
some evil thing. Ps. zingu- liwa.
Ap. zingu-lia, -liwa. (Cf. zindua,
and follg.)
Zinguo, n. (ma-), exorcism,
removal of a spell, riddance of
an evil. (Cf. prec.)
*Zini, v. commit adultery,
fornication,of
man
or
woman. Ps. zinwa (of woman).
Ap. sin-ia, -iwa. Qz.zin-isha,ishwa.
n.
See
Uzini.
(Ar. Cf. uzini,
sani,
439
(Cf. uzio.)
ZIWA
mentioned.
maziwa, milk,human or animal.
Zoa, v. sweep up, gather up, gather
(Cf. usitva.)
in heaps, pick up, e.g. z. taka (,kifusi),
has a somewhat
specialized meaning, sink quite
away, disappear completely (as a
stone in water), e.g. alizizimia,
hakuzukiajuu tena, he sank, and did
not come to the surface again. Cs.
zizim-isha, -ishwa, e.g. (1) cause to
be very cold; (2) cause to wholly
disappear. (Cf. follg. and zima,
also perh. sisimizi, and didimia,
sink, disappear.)
-zizima, a. cold, still, stagnant,
e. g. of water. (Cf. follg.)
Zizimua, v. Rv. of zizima, (1)
lose the chill, get warm; (2) be
stirred, excited, irritated. Nt. zizimuka, e. g. of nervous irritation.
Zo, (1) relat. particle, used
independently only in such
phrases as zo zote, all whatever,
whatsoever, agreeing with D 4
(P), D 6 (P); (2) relattpfx.
agreeing with the above, in
combination with verbs; (3) shortened for zako, subjoined to nouns,
e.g. babazo, your ancestors; (4) cf.
hizo, form of hizi used in
reference, those yonder, these
ZIM.WE
439
follg.)
Zoea, v. become used (to),
get accustomed (to), be
familiar (with), he inured (to),
practise. Ps. zoe- lewa. Nt.
zoeka, become a customary
thing. Ap. zoe-lea, -lewa, -leka.
Hence zoeleza. Cs. zoe-za, -zwa,
e.g. jizoeza, train oneself (to),
practise. (Cf. follg., and
mazoea, ma- zoezi.)
ZIWA
Zoea, Zoezo, n. See Mazoea, Ap. zu-lia, -liwa, e.g. invent for
&c.
-zoefu,
-zoelefu,
a.
accustomed (to), practised
(in), familiar (with), inured
(to), e. g. mzoefu wa kazi, an
experienced workman. (Cf.
prec.)
*Zomari, n. a musical wind-instrument, a kind of pipe,
flageolet,- clarionet,of wood,
with a harsh, piercing tone,like
a bagpipe.
(Cf.
<
Zomea, v. groan,as an
expression of grief, and also
of contempt, esp. with an
object expressed. E. g. walimzomea sana, they groaned at
him contemptuously. (Cf.
follg., and ugua, fyonya.)
Zomeo, n. (ma-)} groan,
of sorrow or disapproval. (Cf.
prec.)
Zote, a. form of-ote, all,
agreeing with D 4 (P), D 6
(P).
Zua, v. (1) make a hole in,
perforate, bore through, make a
way into, e.g. zua tundu, bore a
hole (cf. toboa), panya amezua
kiwanibazai a rat has made a hole
through the wall; (2) bring to
light, bring to the surface, hunt
ZIM.WE
439
ZIWA
ZURI
442
THE END.
ZUZUA
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