A)

B)
C)
D)

1.Which of the following is NOT one of the basic tastes?

sweet
salty
umami
bland

A)
B)
C)
D)

2.Of the four distinct skin senses, the only one that has definable receptors is
warmth.
cold.
pressure.
pain.

A)
B)
C)
D)

3.The process by which sensory information is converted into neural energy is

sensory adaptation.
feature detection.
sensory interaction.
transduction.

A)
B)
C)
D)

4.The receptors for taste are located in the

taste buds.
cochlea.
fovea.
cortex.

A)
B)
C)
D)

5.The inner ear contains receptors for

audition and kinesthesis.
kinesthesis and the vestibular sense.
audition and the vestibular sense.
audition, kinesthesis, and the vestibular sense.

D)

6.According to the opponent-process theory

there are three types of color-sensitive cones.
the process of color vision begins in the cortex.
neurons involved in color vision are stimulated by one color's wavelength and
inhibited by another's.
All of these statements are true.

A)
B)
C)
D)

7.What enables you to feel yourself wiggling your toes even with your eyes closed?
vestibular sense
kinesthesis
the skin senses
sensory interaction

A)
B)
C)

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A)
B)
C)
D)

8.Hubel and Wiesel discovered feature detectors in the visual

fovea.
optic nerve.
iris.
cortex.

A)
B)
C)
D)

9.Weber's law states that

the absolute threshold for any stimulus is a constant.
the jnd for any stimulus is a constant.
the absolute threshold for any stimulus is a constant proportion.
the jnd for any stimulus is a constant proportion.

A)
B)
C)
D)

10.The principle that one sense may influence another is

transduction.
sensory adaptation.
Weber's law.
sensory interaction.

A)
B)
C)
D)

11.Which of the following is the correct order of the structures through which light passes
after entering the eye?
lens, pupil, cornea, retina
pupil, cornea, lens, retina
pupil, lens, cornea, retina
cornea, pupil, lens, retina

A)
B)
C)
D)

12.In the opponent-process theory, the three pairs of processes are

red-green, blue-yellow, black-white.
red-blue, green-yellow, black-white.
red-yellow, blue-green, black-white.
dependent upon the individual's experience.

A)
B)
C)
D)

13.Wavelength is to ________ as ________ is to brightness.

hue; intensity
intensity; hue
frequency; amplitude
brightness; hue
14.Concerning the evidence for subliminal stimulation, which of the following is the best

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A)
B)
C)
D)

A)
B)
C)
D)

A)
B)
C)
D)

answer?
The brain processes some information without our awareness.
Stimuli too weak to cross our thresholds for awareness may trigger a response in our
sense receptors.
Because the absolute threshold is a statistical average, we are able to detect weaker
stimuli some of the time.
All of these statements are true.
15.Which of the following is the most accurate description of how we process color?
Throughout the visual system, color processing is divided into separate red, green,
and blue systems.
Red-green, blue-yellow, and black-white opponent processes operate throughout the
visual system.
Color processing occurs in two stages: (1) a three-color system in the retina and (2)
opponent-process cells en route to the visual cortex.
Color processing occurs in two stages: (1) an opponent-process system in the retina
and (2) a three-color system en route to the visual cortex.
16.One reason that your ability to detect fine visual details is greatest when scenes are
focused on the fovea of your retina is that
there are more feature detectors in the fovea than in the peripheral regions of the
retina.
cones in the fovea are nearer to the optic nerve than those in peripheral regions of
the retina.
many rods, which are clustered in the fovea, have individual bipolar cells to relay
their information to the cortex.
many cones, which are clustered in the fovea, have individual bipolar cells to relay
their information to the cortex.

A)
B)
C)
D)

17.Given normal sensory ability, a person standing atop a mountain on a dark, clear night
can see a candle flame atop a mountain 30 miles away. This is a description of vision's
difference threshold.
jnd.
absolute threshold.
feature detection.

A)
B)
C)
D)

18.The tendency to organize stimuli into smooth, uninterrupted patterns is called

closure.
continuity.
interposition.
proximity.

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A)
B)
C)
D)

19.Which of the following statements is consistent with the Gestalt theory of perception?
Perception develops largely through learning.
Perception is the product of heredity.
The mind organizes sensations into meaningful perceptions.
Perception results directly from sensation.

A)
B)
C)
D)

20.Experiments with distorted visual environments demonstrate that

adaptation rarely takes place.
animals adapt readily, but humans do not.
humans adapt readily, while lower animals typically do not.
adaptation is possible during a critical period in infancy but not thereafter.

A)
B)
C)
D)

21.The phenomenon that refers to the ways in which an individual's expectations influence
perception is called
perceptual set.
retinal disparity.
interposition.
kinesthesis.

A)
B)
C)
D)

22.According to the philosopher ________, we learn to perceive the world.

Locke
Kant
Gibson
Walk

A)
B)
C)
D)

23.The phenomenon of size constancy is based on the close connection between an object's
perceived ________ and its perceived ________.
size; shape
size; distance
size; brightness
shape; distance

A)
B)
C)
D)

24.Which of the following statements best describes the effects of sensory restriction?
It produces functional blindness when experienced for any length of time at any age.
It has greater effects on humans than on animals.
It has more damaging effects when experienced during infancy.
It has greater effects on adults than on children.
25.Psychologists who study ESP are called

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A)
B)
C)
D)

A)
B)
C)
D)

A)
B)
C)
D)

clairvoyants.
telepaths.
parapsychologists.
levitators.
26.The depth cue that occurs when we watch stable objects at different distances as we are
moving is
linear perspective.
interposition.
relative height.
relative motion.
27.Which of the following statements concerning ESP is true?
Most ESP researchers are quacks.
There have been a large number of reliable demonstrations of ESP.
Most research psychologists are skeptical of the claims of defenders of ESP.
There have been reliable laboratory demonstrations of ESP, but the results are no
different from those that would occur by chance.

A)
B)
C)
D)

28.Each time you see your car, it projects a different image on the retinas of your eyes, yet
you do not perceive it as changing. This is because of
perceptual set.
retinal disparity.
perceptual constancy.
figure-ground.

A)
B)
C)
D)

29.The term gestalt means

grouping.
sensation.
perception.
whole.

A)
B)
C)
D)

30.Studies of the visual cliff have provided evidence that much of depth perception is
innate.
learned.
innate in lower animals, learned in humans.
innate in humans, learned in lower animals.

31.All of the following are laws of perceptual organization EXCEPT

A)
proximity.

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B)
C)
D)

closure.
continuity.
retinal disparity.
32.You probably perceive the diagram below as three separate objects due to the principle of

A)
B)
C)
D)

proximity.
continuity.
closure.
retinal disparity.

A)
B)
C)
D)

33.________ processing refers to how our knowledge and expectations influence perception.
Top-down
Bottom-up
Parapsychological
Psychophysical

A)
B)
C)
D)

34.The place theory of pitch perception cannot account for how we hear
low-pitched sounds.
middle-pitched sounds.
high-pitched sounds.
chords (three or more pitches simultaneously).

A)
B)
C)
D)

35.Sensorineural hearing loss is caused by

wax buildup in the outer ear.
damage to the eardrum.
blockage in the middle ear because of infection.
damage to the cochlea.

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Answer Key
1.D
2.C
3.D
4.A
5.C
6.C
7.B
8.D
9.D
10.D
11.D
12.A
13.A
14.D
15.C
16.D
17.C
18.B
19.C
20.C
21.A
22.A
23.B
24.C
25.C
26.D
27.C
28.C
29.D
30.A
31.D
32.A
33.A
34.A
35.D

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