A)

B)
C)
D)

1.Experts would most likely agree that intelligence is a(n)

inborn ability to perform well on standard intelligence tests.
mental ability to learn from experience.
general trait that underlies success on nearly any task.
multiple array of completely independent adaptive traits.

A)
B)
C)
D)

2.Psychologists use ________ to assess individuals' mental aptitudes and compare them
with those of others.
heritability estimates
reliability coefficients
intelligence tests
the g factor

D)

3.Spearman's g factor refers to

the genetic contribution to intelligence.
a general intelligence that underlies successful performance on a wide variety of
tasks.
a highly developed skill or talent possessed by a person with an otherwise limited
mental ability.
the ability to understand and regulate emotions.

A)
B)
C)
D)

4.Who would have been most enthusiastic about the value of a single intelligence test score
as an index of an individual's mental capacities?
L. L. Thurstone
Charles Spearman
Howard Gardner
Robert Sternberg

A)
B)
C)
D)

5.Factor analysis is a statistical procedure that can be used to

derive IQ scores by comparing mental age with chronological age.
develop test norms from a standardization sample.
identify clusters of closely related test items.
provide a numerical estimate of heritability.

A)
B)
C)
D)

6.To assess whether intelligence is a single trait or a collection of several distinct abilities,
psychologists have made extensive use of
the normal curve.
the Flynn effect.
standardization.
factor analysis.

A)
B)
C)

7.L. L. Thurstone identified seven clusters of primary mental abilities, including word
Page 1

A)
B)
C)
D)

fluency, memory, and inductive reasoning. He claimed that word fluency

underlies all of our intelligent behaviors.
is the most difficult mental ability to assess reliably.
involves a different dimension of intelligence from that of reasoning.
is not actually a form of intelligence.

A)
B)
C)
D)

8.Satoshi Kanazawa claims that people's scores on the general intelligence factor are most
highly correlated with their ability to solve ________ problems.
emotional
sexual
social
novel

A)
B)
C)
D)

9.In 8 to 10 seconds, the late memory whiz Kim Peek could read and remember the
contents of a book page. Yet, he had little capacity for understanding abstract concepts.
Kim's mental capacities best illustrate
autism spectrum disorder.
Down syndrome.
emotional intelligence.
savant syndrome.

A)
B)
C)
D)

10.People with savant syndrome are best described as those who demonstrate
high levels of emotional intelligence.
difficulty remembering past experiences.
an exceptional specific skill.
a lack of numerical ability.

A)
B)
C)
D)

11.Twenty-five-year-old Alexandra has an intellectual disability and can neither read nor
write. However, after hearing lengthy, unfamiliar, and complex musical selections just
once, she can reproduce them precisely on the piano. It is likely that Alexandra is
gifted with a superior level of Spearman's g factor.
demonstrating a high level of emotional intelligence.
above average in her capacity for divergent thinking.
someone with savant syndrome.

A)
B)
C)
D)

12.The characteristics of savant syndrome most directly suggest that intelligence is

a diverse set of distinct abilities.
largely unpredictable and unmeasurable.
a culturally constructed concept.
dependent upon the speed of cognitive processing.

Page 2

A)
B)
C)
D)

13.Howard Gardner identified a total of ________ intelligences.

three
five
eight
twelve

A)
B)
C)
D)

14.Those who define intelligence as academic aptitude are most likely to criticize
Spearman's concept of general intelligence.
Binet's concept of mental age.
Gardner's concept of multiple intelligences.
Sternberg's concept of analytical intelligence.

A)
B)
C)
D)

15.Howard Gardner is most likely to agree that the concept of intelligence includes
minimizing one's negative emotions.
spatially analyzing visual input.
intrinsic motivation.
behaving morally.

A)
B)
C)
D)

16.By demonstrating both intelligence and grit, highly successful people demonstrate the
importance of both ability and
validity.
heritability.
motivation.
aptitude.

A)
B)
C)
D)

17.Robert Sternberg distinguished among analytical, practical, and ________ intelligence.

intrapersonal
creative
spatial
musical

A)
B)
C)
D)

18.Which of the following persons best illustrates Sternberg's concept of practical

intelligence?
Jamal, a student who quickly recognizes the correct answers to multiple-choice test
questions
Gareth, a graduate student who generates many creative ideas
Shelley, a newspaper reporter who has established a large network of information
sources
Cindy, a young mother who prefers cleaning her house to supervising her children

Page 3

A)
B)
C)
D)

19.Compared with traditional college entrance exams, assessments that include tests of
Sternberg's three intelligences reveal ________ ethnic group differences in intelligence
and ________ accurate prediction of American students' first-year grades.
increased; less
reduced; less
increased; more
reduced; more

A)
B)
C)
D)

20.Compared with Gardner, Sternberg has identified ______ independent dimensions of

intelligence and his forms of intelligence have been ______ reliably measured.
more; more
fewer; less
more; less
fewer; more

A)
B)
C)
D)

21.The ability to produce novel and valuable ideas is called

convergent thinking.
fluid intelligence.
factor analysis.
creativity.

A)
B)
C)
D)

22.Generating multiple possible answers to a problem illustrates

the Flynn effect.
divergent thinking.
predictive validity.
factor analysis.

A)
B)
C)
D)

23.Injury to the left ________ lobe damages the convergent thinking required for successful
performance on intelligence tests.
frontal
parietal
occipital
temporal

A)
B)
C)
D)

24.Intrinsic motivation is thought to be an important component of

creativity.
predictive validity.
savant syndrome.
the g factor.

Page 4

A)
B)
C)
D)

25.The most creative scientists are those who

investigate issues about which they have very little previous knowledge.
are intrinsically motivated to solve problems.
have little tolerance for ambiguity.
demonstrate low levels of practical intelligence.

A)
B)
C)
D)

26.Allowing time for complex ideas to incubate outside of conscious awareness is most
likely to promote
extrinsic motivation.
hybrid vigor.
factor analysis.
creativity.

A)
B)
C)
D)

27.An important aspect of social intelligence is called

the g factor.
analytical intelligence.
hybrid vigor.
emotional intelligence.

A)
B)
C)
D)

28.When Professor McGuire asks her students to answer questions in class, she can quickly
tell from their facial expressions whether they are happy to participate. Professor
McGuire's perceptual skill best illustrates
analytical intelligence.
divergent thinking.
emotional intelligence.
factor analysis.

A)
B)
C)
D)

29.The ability to delay immediate pleasures in pursuit of long-range rewards is most clearly
a characteristic of
emotional intelligence.
heritability.
savant syndrome.
divergent thinking.

30.Although Nicole scored well above average on an academic aptitude test, she frequently
loses her temper and needlessly antagonizes even her best friends. Her behavior best
illustrates a low level of
A)
convergent thinking.
B)
the g factor.
C)
mental age.

Page 5

D)

emotional intelligence.

A)
B)
C)
D)

31.The concept of emotional intelligence is most likely to be criticized for

lacking definitional clarity.
being indistinguishable from analytical intelligence.
being difficult to measure reliably.
extending the definition of intelligence to an overly broad range of skills.

A)
B)
C)
D)

32.Efficient communication between brain centers requires ample white matter containing
neural cell bodies.
fluid intelligence.
sensory neurons.
axons.

A)
B)
C)
D)

33.Associations between intelligence and brain size are most notable in specific areas within
the
frontal and temporal lobes.
parietal and occipital lobes.
frontal and parietal lobes.
temporal and occipital lobes.

A)
B)
C)
D)

34.The lower region of the ________ lobe is a center for processing mathematical and
spatial information.
frontal
parietal
occipital
temporal

A)
B)
C)
D)

35.Brain size (adjusted for body size) is ________ correlated with intelligence. The speed of
taking in perceptual information is ________ correlated with intelligence.
positively; negatively
negatively; positively
positively; positively
negatively; negatively

A)
B)
C)
D)

36.Brain scans indicate that smart people

have more gray matter but less white matter than the average person.
require less energy to solve problems than the average person.
demonstrate no greater fluid intelligence than the average person.
have smaller parietal lobes than the average person.

Page 6

A)
B)
C)
D)

37.Precocious 12- to 14-year-old college students with unusually high levels of verbal
intelligence are most likely to
retrieve information from memory at an unusually rapid speed.
perform at only an average level on tests of mathematical aptitude.
experience less loneliness and achieve happier marriages than the average college
student.
demonstrate unusually high levels of the practical managerial intelligence common
to successful business executives.

A)
B)
C)
D)

38.Studies suggest that there is a positive correlation between intelligence and the brain's
rate of glucose consumption.
production of endorphins.
ability to quickly perceive a simple visual stimulus.
ability to process language in the right rather than the left hemisphere.

A)
B)
C)
D)

39.The nineteenth-century English scientist Sir Francis Galton believed that

mental abilities cannot be measured.
superior intelligence is biologically inherited.
academic aptitude involves divergent rather than convergent thinking.
intelligence test performance depends on motivation rather than ability.

A)
B)
C)
D)

40.Who attempted to assess intellectual strengths by measuring muscular power, sensory

acuity, and body proportions?
Lewis Terman
Alfred Binet
Charles Spearman
Francis Galton

A)
B)
C)
D)

41.Binet and Simon designed a test of intellectual abilities in order to

provide a quantitative estimate of inherited intellectual potential.
distinguish between academic and practical intelligence.
identify children likely to have difficulty learning in regular school classes.
assess general capacity for goal-directed adaptive behavior.

42.To determine whether a child's intellectual development was fast or slow, Binet and
Simon assessed the child's
A)
divergent thinking.
B)
emotional intelligence.
C)
mental age.

Page 7

D)

intrinsic motivation.

A)
B)
C)
D)

43.To assess mental age, Binet and Simon measured children's

head size.
reasoning skills.
muscular power.
neural processing speed.

A)
B)
C)
D)

44.Five-year-old Wilbur performs on an intelligence test at a level characteristic of an

average 4-year-old. Wilbur's mental age is
4.
4.5.
5.
80.

A)
B)
C)
D)

45.Who would have been the LEAST enthusiastic about relying on eugenics for the
improvement of human intellectual functioning?
Francis Galton
Alfred Binet
Lewis Terman
Charles Darwin

A)
B)
C)
D)

46.Binet and Terman would have been most likely to disagree about the
extent to which intelligence is determined by heredity.
need to standardize intelligence tests.
possibility of predicting people's academic success from intelligence test scores.
definition of mental age.

A)
B)
C)
D)

47.For the original version of the Stanford-Binet, IQ was defined as

mental age multiplied by 100.
chronological age subtracted from mental age and multiplied by 100.
chronological age divided by mental age and multiplied by 100.
mental age divided by chronological age and multiplied by 100.

A)
B)
C)
D)

48.A 12-year-old who responded to the original Stanford-Binet with the proficiency typical
of an average 9-year-old was said to have an IQ of
75.
85.
115.
133.

Page 8

A)
B)
C)
D)

49.Five-year-old Benjy has an IQ of 120 on the original version of the Stanford-Binet. His
mental age is
4.
6.
8.
9.

A)
B)
C)
D)

50.Instead of calculating an intelligence quotient, most current intelligence tests represent

the test-taker's performance relative to
the test-taker's own previous intelligence test performance.
the best possible performance of others the same age as the test-taker.
the best possible performance of others of any age.
the average performance of others the same age as the test-taker.

A)
B)
C)
D)

51.The eugenics movement would have been most likely to encourage

selective breeding of highly intelligent people.
creation of special education programs for intellectually inferior children.
construction of culturally and racially unbiased tests of intelligence.
use of factor analysis for identification of various types of intelligence.

A)
B)
C)
D)

52.In the early twentieth century, the U.S. government developed intelligence tests to
evaluate newly arriving immigrants. Poor test scores among immigrants who were not of
Anglo-Saxon heritage were attributed by some psychologists of that day to
stereotype threat.
innate mental inferiority.
savant syndrome.
divergent thinking.

A)
B)
C)
D)

53.Tests designed to predict ability to learn new skills are called

interest inventories.
factor analytic measures.
standardized assessments.
aptitude tests.

54.A test of your capacity to learn to be an automobile mechanic would be considered a(n)
________ test.
A)
reliability
B)
achievement
C)
aptitude

Page 9

D)

intelligence

A)
B)
C)
D)

55.In a national sample of 14- to 21-year-olds, total scores on the U.S. SAT correlated
________ with general intelligence test scores.
+.26
+.54
+.82
+.98

A)
B)
C)
D)

56.Achievement tests are designed to

measure the desire and potential capacity to successfully meet challenges.
assess ability to produce novel and valuable ideas.
compare an individual's personality with those of highly successful people.
assess learned knowledge or skills.

A)
B)
C)
D)

57.The written exam for a driver's license would most likely be considered a(n) ________
test.
achievement
reliability
aptitude
intelligence

A)
B)
C)
D)

58.Aptitude tests are to ________ as achievement tests are to ________.

current interests; past competence
past competence; current interests
current competence; future performance
future performance; current competence

A)
B)
C)
D)

59.The WAIS was initially created by

William Stern.
Howard Gardner.
Robert Sternberg.
David Wechsler.

A)
B)
C)
D)

60.In addition to an overall intelligence score, the WAIS provides separate scores for such
skills as
divergent thinking.
factor analysis.
working memory.
emotional intelligence.

Page 10

A)
B)
C)
D)

61.Block design puzzles are used in one of the subtests of the

WAIS.
SAT Reasoning Test.
Stanford-Binet.
GRE.

C)
D)

62.If a test is standardized, this means that

it accurately measures what it is intended to measure.
a person's test performance can be compared with that of a representative pretested
group.
most test scores will cluster near the average.
the test will yield consistent results when administered on different occasions.

A)
B)
C)
D)

63.When Brandon was told that he correctly answered 80 percent of the items on a math
achievement test, he asked how his performance compared with that of the average testtaker. Brandon's concern was directly related to the issue of
standardization.
predictive validity.
reliability.
content validity.

A)
B)
C)
D)

64.The distribution of intelligence test scores in the general population forms a bell-shaped
pattern. This pattern is called a
standardization sample.
reliability coefficient.
factor analysis.
normal curve.

A)
B)
C)
D)

65.About ________ percent of WAIS scores fall between 85 and 115.

30
50
68
96

A)
B)
C)
D)

66.The normal curve would represent the distribution of

the American population in terms of gender.
American schoolchildren in terms of their ages.
American women in terms of their physical heights.
all of these groups.

A)
B)

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A)
B)
C)
D)

67.Comparing the average performance of the initial WAIS standardization sample with the
average performance of the most recent WAIS standardization sample provides
convincing evidence of
heritability.
the g factor.
the Flynn effect.
intrinsic motivation.

A)
B)
C)
D)

68.It would be reasonable to suggest that the Flynn effect is due in part to
the deteriorating quality of parental involvement in children's education.
increasingly improved childhood health.
the decreasing reliance on a single test score as an index of mental aptitudes.
the failure to restandardize existing intelligence tests.

A)
B)
C)
D)

69.If a test yields consistent results every time it is used, it has a high degree of
standardization.
predictive validity.
reliability.
content validity.

A)
B)
C)
D)

70.Melinda completed the Computer Programming Aptitude Test when she applied for a
position with Beta Electronics. Six months later, she took the same test when she applied
for a position with another company. The fact that her scores were almost identical on the
two occasions suggests that the test has a high degree of
content validity.
reliability.
predictive validity.
standardization.

A)
B)
C)
D)

71.Researchers assess the correlation between scores obtained on two halves of a single test
in order to measure the ________ of a test.
validity
reliability
standardization
normal distribution

72.A measure of intelligence based on head size is likely to have a ________ level of
reliability and a ________ level of validity.
A)
low; low

Page 12

B)
C)
D)

low; high
high; low
high; high

A)
B)
C)
D)

73.A test that measures or predicts what it is supposed to is said to have a high degree of
validity.
standardization.
reliability.
the g factor.

A)
B)
C)
D)

74.If a road test for a driver's license adequately samples the tasks a driver routinely faces,
the test is said to have
reliability.
a normal curve.
content validity.
intrinsic motivation.

A)
B)
C)
D)

75.Your psychology professor has announced that the next test will assess your
understanding of sensation and perception. When you receive the test, however, you find
that very few questions actually relate to these topics. In this instance, you would be most
concerned about the ________ of the test.
reliability
factor analysis
standardization
content validity

A)
B)
C)
D)

76.Psychologists would calculate the relationship between intelligence test scores and school
grades in order to assess the ________ of the intelligence test.
reliability
standardization
normal distribution
predictive validity

A)
B)
C)
D)

77.Academic aptitude test scores are MOST likely to predict accurately the academic
success of ________ students.
elementary school
high school
college
graduate school

Page 13

A)
B)
C)
D)

78.Why does the predictive validity of general aptitude tests decrease as the educational
experience of the students who take them increases?
More educated students have taken aptitude tests so frequently that for them such
tests are no longer pure measures of aptitude.
Comparisons of mental age with chronological age are inadequate for assessing the
aptitude of older and more educated students.
There is a relatively narrow range of aptitude test scores among students at higher
educational levels.
Among more educated students, motivation has a much greater effect on academic
success than does aptitude.

A)
B)
C)
D)

79.The correlation between academic success and intelligence test scores will be LOWEST
if computed for a group of individuals whose scores range between
55 and 100.
85 and 115.
100 and 145.
70 and 130.

A)
B)
C)
D)

80.The same people are tested and retested over a period of years in a(n)
factor analysis.
longitudinal study.
heritability assessment.
cross-sectional study.

A)
B)
C)
D)

81.A cross-sectional study is one in which

the same people are retested over a period of years.
different age groups are tested at the same time.
different characteristics of a given individual are assessed at the same time.
the behavior of a group is assessed by different researchers.

A)
B)
C)
D)

82.A group of people of very similar age who are participants in a longitudinal study are
called a
factor.
syndrome.
cohort.
quotient.

83.Cross-sectional research indicated that during early and middle adulthood, aging is
associated with ________ levels of intelligence. Longitudinal research indicated that
during this period of life, aging is associated with ________ levels of intelligence.
A)
increasing; declining

Page 14

B)
C)
D)

declining; stable
increasing; increasing
stable; declining

A)
B)
C)
D)

84.Which of the following terms refers to a person's accumulated knowledge and verbal
skills?
fluid intelligence
the g factor
divergent thinking
crystallized intelligence

A)
B)
C)
D)

85.Older people's capacity to understand the meaning of words does not decline as much as
their capacity to engage in abstract reasoning. This best illustrates the stability of
emotional intelligence.
crystallized intelligence.
divergent thinking.
fluid intelligence.

A)
B)
C)
D)

86.Fluid intelligence refers most directly to a person's

accumulated knowledge.
ability to reason speedily and abstractly.
ability to engage in factor analysis.
ability to utilize diffuse brain regions for storing memories.

A)
B)
C)
D)

87.The ability to learn a new computer software program is to ________ as knowledge of

state capitals is to ________.
intrinsic motivation; extrinsic motivation
extrinsic motivation; intrinsic motivation
crystallized intelligence; fluid intelligence
fluid intelligence; crystallized intelligence

A)
B)
C)
D)

88.To qualify for the office manager's job, 55-year-old Mariel must take a series of
psychological tests. Her performance on the test of ________ is likely to be poorer than if
she had taken it as a 25-year-old.
general knowledge
spelling
abstract reasoning
vocabulary
89.Explaining why the best work of scientists is often produced in early adulthood while that

Page 15

A)
B)
C)
D)

of novelists often originates during middle adulthood requires a distinction between

analytical and practical intelligence.
predictive and content validity.
fluid and crystallized intelligence.
intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.

A)
B)
C)
D)

90.Intelligence scores are most likely to be stable over a one-year period for a
preschool student whose intelligence test score is 80.
second-grade student whose intelligence test score is 125.
sixth-grade student whose intelligence test score is 115.
tenth-grade student whose intelligence test score is 95.

A)
B)
C)
D)

91.The high positive correlations between scores received on comparable sections of the
SAT and GRE provide evidence for the ________ of these test scores.
reliability
heritability
standardization
normal distribution

A)
B)
C)
D)

92.Women scoring in the highest 25 percent on the Scottish national intelligence test at age
11 tended to ________ than those who scored in the lowest 25 percent.
live longer
be less creative
talk at an earlier age
experience more stereotype threat

A)
B)
C)
D)

93.An IQ of approximately 70 or below and difficulty adapting to the normal demands of

life is most clearly an indication of
savant syndrome.
divergent thinking.
convergent thinking.
an intellectual disability.

A)
B)
C)
D)

94.Those diagnosed with an intellectual disability score approximately 70 or below on an

intelligence test and also demonstrate a limitation in
hybrid vigor.
physical health.
adaptive behavior.
intrinsic motivation.

Page 16

A)
B)
C)
D)

95.Over the past 50 or so years, children with mental retardation have increasingly been
likely to
have difficulty adapting to the normal demands of independent living.
be diagnosed as having a chromosomal abnormality.
demonstrate symptoms of savant syndrome.
be mainstreamed into regular school classrooms.

A)
B)
C)
D)

96.The restandardization of intelligence tests over the past decade renders ________
Americans eligible for special education and ________ Americans eligible for the death
penalty.
more; fewer
fewer; more
more; more
fewer; fewer

A)
B)
C)
D)

97.Terman's studies of 1500 California children with IQ scores over 135 indicated that these
high-scoring children
were well-adjusted.
were physically healthy.
lacked creativity.
received lower-than-average math grades.

A)
B)
C)
D)

98.Among Americans scoring in the top 1 in 10,000 on the ________ at age 12 or 13, more
than half have earned doctorates.
WAIS
Stanford-Binet
SAT
WISC

A)
B)
C)
D)

99.Sorting children into gifted child education programs is most likely to be criticized for
overemphasizing the genetic determinants of giftedness.
widening the achievement gap between higher- and lower-ability groups.
claiming that intelligence test scores can predict children's academic success.
underestimating the extent to which a g factor underlies success in a wide variety of
tasks.

100.Educators who wish to affirm children's special talents and challenge them at the frontiers
of their understanding advocate appropriate
A)
hybrid vigor.
B)
factor analysis.
C)
developmental placement.

Page 17

D)

A)
B)
C)
D)

heritability estimates.
101.The similarity between the intelligence test scores of identical twins raised apart is
less than that between children and their biological parents.
equal to that between identical twins reared together.
equal to that between fraternal twins reared together.
greater than that between ordinary siblings reared together.

102.Which of the following observations provides the best evidence that intelligence test
scores are influenced by heredity?
A)
Japanese children have higher average intelligence scores than do American
children.
B)
Identical twins reared together are more similar in their intelligence scores than
identical twins reared separately.
C)
The intelligence scores of children are positively correlated with the intelligence
scores of their parents.
D)
Identical twins reared separately are more similar in their intelligence scores than
fraternal twins reared together.
103.The heritability of intelligence refers to
A)
the extent to which an individual's intelligence is attributable to genetic factors.
B)
the proportion of variation in intelligence among individuals that is attributable to
genetic variation.
C)
the extent to which the distribution of intelligence scores of a group approximates a
normal curve.
D)
a general underlying intelligence factor that is measured by every task on an
intelligence test.
104.Brain scans reveal that identical twins' brains have ________ gray matter volume and
________ white matter volume.
A)
similar; dissimilar
B)
dissimilar; similar
C)
similar; similar
D)
dissimilar; dissimilar
105.Today's researchers have identified many different chromosomal regions important to
intelligence. This indicates that intelligence is
A)
triarchic.
B)
intrinsic motivation.
C)
polygenetic.
D)
divergent thinking.

Page 18

106.In one massive study of 11,000 twin pairs in four countries, the heritability of general
intelligence was found to be greatest during
A)
early childhood.
B)
middle childhood.
C)
adolescence.
D)
young adulthood.
107.With increasing age, adopted children's verbal ability scores become ________ positively
correlated with their adoptive parents' scores and ________ positively correlated with
their biological parent's scores.
A)
more; more
B)
less; less
C)
more; less
D)
less; more

A)
B)
C)
D)

108.Babies in an Iranian orphanage suffered delayed intellectual development due to

a lack of hybrid vigor.
stereotype threat.
a deprived environment.
savant syndrome.

109.The importance of environmental influences on intelligence is provided by evidence that

general intelligence scores predict performance on a variety of complex tasks.
the cognitive development of neglected children is often delayed.
identical twins reared together have more similar intelligence scores than fraternal
twins reared together.
D)
mental similarities between adopted children and their adoptive families increase
with age.
A)
B)
C)

110.Schooling ________ children's intelligence test performance. Children's intelligence

________ their later adult income.
A)
enhances; enhances
B)
has no effect on; enhances
C)
enhances; has no effect on
D)
has no effect on; has no effect on
111.When promised money for doing well on an intelligence test, adolescents in four dozen
studies scored higher. This best illustrates that intelligence test performance is influenced
by

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A)
B)
C)
D)

motivation.
stereotype threat.
factor analysis.
convergent thinking.

112.Interventions that promote intelligence teach early teens that the brain is like a muscle
that strengthens with use. This idea is designed to encourage the teens to view
intelligence as
A)
a reflection of the g factor.
B)
a biologically determined capacity.
C)
changeable over time.
D)
distributed in a bell-shaped pattern.
113.Girls are most likely to outperform boys in a
A)
grammar test.
B)
mathematical reasoning test.
C)
computer programming contest.
D)
chess tournament.
114.Research suggests that women are more skilled than men at
A)
avoiding emotional uncertainty.
B)
preventing emotions from distorting reasoning.
C)
detecting other people's emotions.
D)
delaying emotional gratification in pursuit of long-term goals.
115.Boys are most likely to outperform girls in a
A)
computerized video game competition.
B)
speed-reading tournament.
C)
spelling bee.
D)
speech-giving contest.

A)
B)
C)
D)

116.Males' mental ability scores show greater ________ than females' mental ability scores.
reliability
heritability
variability
validity

117.Boys outnumber girls at extremely ________ levels of verbal fluency and at extremely
________ levels of mathematical problem-solving ability.
A)
high; low

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B)
C)
D)

low; low
high; high
low; high

118.Sweden and Iceland exhibit little of the gender gap in mathematical abilities found in
Turkey and Korea. This best illustrates that mental abilities are
A)
polygenetic.
B)
extrinsic motivators.
C)
socially influenced.
D)
distributed in a bell-shaped pattern.
119.Disproportionately more Whites than Blacks would be admitted into American colleges if
performance scores on ________ were the only basis for college admissions.
A)
the Stanford-Binet
B)
the WAIS
C)
the SAT
D)
all of these tests
120.On average, the intelligence test scores of the Dingbats are much higher than those of the
Dodos. The difference in the average test scores of the two groups might be a product of
A)
genetic differences between two groups with similar environments.
B)
environmental differences between two groups with similar genetics.
C)
genetic and environmental differences between the two groups.
D)
any of these things.
121.Research on racial and ethnic differences in intelligence indicates that
A)
school desegregation has actually decreased the academic achievement of Black
American children.
B)
the average mathematics achievement test scores of Asian students are higher than
those of North American students.
C)
among American Blacks, those with the most African ancestry receive the highest
intelligence test scores.
D)
the Black-White difference in intelligence test scores has increased in recent years.
122.The intelligence test scores of today's better-fed population ________ the scores of the
1930s population.
A)
are higher than
B)
are lower than
C)
are equal to
D)
can't be compared with

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123.The average difference in intellectual aptitude scores of White and Black college
graduates has been observed to be greatest when these individuals were
A)
eighth graders.
B)
high school juniors.
C)
college sophomores.
D)
college seniors.
124.Intelligence tests are biased in the sense that
A)
test performance is influenced by cultural experiences.
B)
the reliability of intelligence tests is close to zero.
C)
the heritability of intelligence is very high.
D)
numerical scores of intelligence serve to dehumanize individuals.
125.Experts who defend intelligence tests against the charge of being culturally biased and
discriminatory would be most likely to highlight the ________ of intelligence tests.
A)
factor analysis
B)
content validity
C)
predictive validity
D)
reliability
126.When completing a verbal aptitude test, members of an ethnic minority group are
particularly likely to perform below their true ability levels if they believe that the test
A)
is a measure of emotional intelligence as well as academic intelligence.
B)
assesses their interests as well as their abilities.
C)
is biased against members of their own ethnic group.
D)
results in a distribution of scores that forms a bell-shaped curve.
127.Jim, age 55, plays basketball with much younger adults and is concerned that his
teammates might consider his age to be a detriment to their game outcome. His concern
actually undermines his athletic performance. This best illustrates the impact of
A)
the Flynn effect.
B)
divergent thinking.
C)
extrinsic motivation.
D)
stereotype threat.
128.Women have scored ________ on math tests when no male test-takers were in the tested
group, and Blacks have scored ________ when tested by Blacks than when tested by
Whites.
A)
lower; lower
B)
higher; higher

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C)
D)

lower; higher
higher; lower

129.Intelligence tests have effectively reduced discrimination in the sense that they have
A)
avoided questions that require familiarity with any specific culture.
B)
helped limit reliance on educators' subjectively biased judgments of students'
academic potential.
C)
provided an objective measure of teaching effectiveness in different public school
systems.
D)
demonstrated that the g factor underlies a variety of intellectual skills.

Page 23

Answer Key
1.B
2.C
3.B
4.B
5.C
6.D
7.C
8.D
9.D
10.C
11.D
12.A
13.C
14.C
15.B
16.C
17.B
18.C
19.D
20.D
21.D
22.B
23.B
24.A
25.B
26.D
27.D
28.C
29.A
30.D
31.D
32.D
33.C
34.B
35.C
36.B
37.A
38.C
39.B
40.D
41.C
42.C
43.B
44.A

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45.B
46.A
47.D
48.A
49.B
50.D
51.A
52.B
53.D
54.C
55.C
56.D
57.A
58.D
59.D
60.C
61.A
62.B
63.A
64.D
65.C
66.C
67.C
68.B
69.C
70.B
71.B
72.C
73.A
74.C
75.D
76.D
77.A
78.C
79.B
80.B
81.B
82.C
83.B
84.D
85.B
86.B
87.D
88.C
89.C
90.D

Page 25

91.A
92.A
93.D
94.C
95.D
96.A
97.A
98.C
99.B
100.C
101.D
102.D
103.B
104.C
105.C
106.D
107.D
108.C
109.B
110.A
111.A
112.C
113.A
114.C
115.A
116.C
117.D
118.C
119.D
120.D
121.B
122.A
123.B
124.A
125.C
126.C
127.D
128.B
129.B

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