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MANUAL
Lynne Scutt
Oceania Badminton
Development Officer
INTRODUCTION
The badminton manual is a resource that has been created to
assist all levels of teacher, coach or interested player to learn
more about the sport that is played and enjoyed by millions around
the world.
Most basic information about badminton is covered including
strokes, footwork, latest rules and tournament ideas.
You will also be able to gain the knowledge to coach a lesson in
badminton or take a group of students or players in a session and
teach basic skills and techniques.
This information has been put together by the Oceania
Development officer and is aimed at assisting mainly the island
nations but a lot of the material will relevant to everyone who
wants to learn about badminton
CONTENTS
Page
3
4 -6
7 - 11
11 - 13
14
15 - 17
18
19
20 - 22
23
BACKHAND GRIP
To us the backhand grip your thumb must sit
on the flat part of the racket handle (you
must be able to see the strings) pic 1B. The
grip must be loose to enable the thumb to
guide the racket through the shot.
The racket should be held in your fingers,
not your palm. Your fingers and thumb should
be used to control the racket and for power
Picture 1B
Picture 1C
pic 1C
TRAINING IDEAS:
Each player has a racket and a shuttle (if not enough rackets they can work in
pairs or 3s and take turns). Using a small controlled underarm stroke, hit the
shuttle about 1-2 metres in the air, using the forehand grip. This should be
continuous and the player should attempt to hit as many in a row as possible.
The racket needs to be pointed upwards and small strokes are to be used.
When the player is comfortable with the forehand try the same using the
backhand grip, and then progress to alternate forehand / backhand
Points to remember
Be aware of the surrounds eg obstacles, dangers for the group
If outside, be aware of weather (wind) try to keep in controlled
environment so not to lose shuttles.
Set targets for the good players, make sure all players attempt this skill
Follow through in the intended direction of the shuttle ending up with your
racket over your opposite shoulder pic 2D
Ensure to transfer weight from racket leg to non-racket leg during the
serve.
Its important that the hand holding the shuttle be held high as this will
help making the shuttle go higher pic 2B
If contact is difficult restrict the swing eg smaller distance to the
shuttle
In a game of singles, to serve the player should stand approximately 1m
from the front service line and serve on the diagonal (see page 18)
NOTE: its a fault serve if you slide or lift your feet during a serve
Picture 2A
Picture 2B
Picture 2C
Picture 2D
pic 3B & 3C
Using the fingers and thumb push the shuttle flat over the net, keeping
the strings aimed in a flat line so the serve does not go too high pic 3C
On contact point the strings in the direction they want the serve to go.
If you hold the racket too tight the shuttle will go too high and far
Picture 3A
Picture 3B
Picture 3C
TRAINING IDEAS
The service in singles and doubles is very important,
players who have a good service usually have a good
advantage in games. Try to include serving practice in
each session for beginners.
For practising the action a net is not important the
action without a shuttle is also very useful drill.
In pairs players can practice their serve. If they need
a target the opposing playing can put their racket on
the ground for the server to aim at
Remember the aim is to get the serve as low to the net
as possible to make it hard for the receiver to attack
Created by Lynne Scutt Badminton Oceania Development Officer
RETURN OF SERVICE
In singles players should stand in the middle of the area to be served into.
See page 18. In doubles, the player can stand a little closer towards the
service line pic 4A. The player must then be ready to move fast towards
the shuttle as soon as the serve is hit. The ideal position is to stand with
your legs positioned with your non-racket leg in front (left leg for right
handers). Have your knees bent so you are ready to move with your racket
up so you can react quicker to the serve pics 4B & 4C
Picture 4A
Picture 4B
Picture 4C
Picture 4D
Picture 4E
Picture 4F
Picture 4G
Receiving for the lady is the same positioning for doubles, but when the man
is receiving the lady can stand just behind or along side him so that both
players arent standing at the front of the court and they are ready to
cover the entire court pic 4G. Players must always have their knees bent
and ready to move
6
OVERHEAD SHOTS
CLEAR
The clear is one of 4 overhead strokes played with the forehand
grip the others are the smash, drop and the snap. The aim is
to produce these shots in the same way so that the opponent
cannot pick which shot is going to be played until the last split
second.
The action for the overhead can be broken down to 4 easy steps
and is almost exactly the same as the throwing action, eg
throwing a ball from the outfield in cricket.
This action is natural for some players. Its very useful with
beginners to practise the throwing action using the shuttle.
1. Stand side on to the net, with elbows and upper arm parallel to the ground,
racket head above the head. Right-handers will have their left shoulder
pointing towards the net. This position is important to produce the power
of the shot pic 5A
2. Bring the elbow through high and close to the head, at the same time
thrusting the hip forward pic 5B & 5C
3. Reach up high with the racket to make contact with the shuttle, making
sure they make contact in front of the head. Swing hard, making the
shuttle go to the back of the court pic 5C
4. Follow through with the racket and step forward pic 5D
Picture 5A
Picture 5B
Picture 5C
Picture 5D
TRAINING IDEAS
To practise this shot the feeder can high serve to the player so they can
practise this shot in a controlled situation. You can progress to continuous
hitting and then racket feeding after the players are confident.
Created by Lynne Scutt Badminton Oceania Development Officer
DROP SHOT
The aim of the drop shot is to bring the opponent in close to the net so they have
to lunge down low to retrieve the shuttle.
Use the same preparation steps as the clear but:
At the last split second, take the power out of the shot by slowing the arm
action and by keeping the grip relaxed.
The contact point with the shuttle is slightly further forward than the clear,
to make the angle of the shot in a down wards position.
The player should aim to land the drop approximately on the short service
line, close to the net, so in a match the opponent would have to move a long
way to the net to retrieve the shot.
TRAINING IDEA
This shot can be practised the same as a clear. Partner high serves to player or by
racket feeding or continuous lifting from one person if it can be consistent enough
to practise the shot
SMASH
The Smash is the most powerful and dynamic shot. It is an attacking shot that is
used a lot to put the opponent under pressure and to win rallies.
Once again the preparation for the smash is the same for all overheads.
You should only attempt a smash when you can make contact with the shuttle
in front of you, so the shuttle will go in a downward angle and with power to
the ground and your body moving forward.
Side on preparation and bent knees are important to generate the power as is
the elbow and hip coming through towards the net as seen in the sequence of
photos below pic 6
As you make contact with the shuttle you need to use your forearm and wrist
to snap down to get the power and angle
Picture 6
NET SHOTS
The aim of a net shot is to play the shuttle as close as possible to the net
so that it is difficult to return. It is not so important to keep the shuttle
flat in its trajectory over the net its more important for it to be close to
the net (tight)
Stand facing the net with your racket leg forward, posture is slightly
forward
Racket is level with the top of the net (if possible) elbow bent,
relaxed grip pic 7A
Use the fingers and wrist to initiate the striking movement its
important not to use your arm pic 7B
Racket face is slightly facing forward to the net
Slice under the shuttle (using your fingers not arm for this action)
For the backhand net shot the grip is changed but above actions are
the same using your thumb and fingers for the action pic 7C
Picture 7A
Picture 7B
Picture 7C
TRAINING IDEA
In pairs, feeder lobs (underarm) the shuttle gently
over the net and the worker players a net shot.
Practise one side at a time (forehand or backhand)
and then add progressive footwork ie. Lunge first,
adding more movement once the players have a
chance to practise the shot.
Created by Lynne Scutt Badminton Oceania Development Officer
NET LIFT
The net lift is played with either the forehand or the
backhand and aims to land the shuttle in the tramlines at
the back of the court.
The idea is to hit the shuttle as early as possible on
your side of the net using as little swing as necessary
to keep control of the shot pic 8A
The racket foot is forward and the weight transfers
from the non-racket foot to the racket foot as the
shot is played.
Using mainly your forearm with a small swing, hit the
shuttle following through in the direction the shuttle
is intended to travel pic 8B
Dont get too close to the shuttle or the shot will be
too cramped and lacking in power.
Picture 8A
Picture 8B
TRAINING IDEA
Same as net shots, with one player hand feeding and
the other practising the shot, then change over.
Feeding must be slow with time to recover from the
previous shot.
Its important to practise the shots before adding the
footwork to it.
DEFENCE / BLOCK
The basic technique for defence - this is used more in doubles
and mixed doubles.
Backhand grip to be used with the racket head pointing at
11 oclock position (or 1oclock for left handers) pics 9A &
9B
Picture 9A
Picture 9B
10
DEFENCE cont
To defend by hitting the shuttle to the back of the court
Grips and stance as above
Knees bent and on your toes as you hit the shuttle you
will straighten your legs to get power and direction
For the shot you must lead with your elbow and flick your
wrist through towards the shuttle pic 9C
This action is short and fast make sure you to hit high
with your arm and follow through with your racket
Picture 9C
TRAINING IDEA:
In pairs, one hand feeding overhead, throwing downwards (same angle as
a smash) towards the other person. Feeder should stand close to the net.
Timing and accuracy is important for the feeding.
DRIVES
A drive shot is a hard flat shot from half court to half court. This is a good shot
for beginners to start with to practise contact with the shuttle.
For the shot to be hit flat to the net the contact point for the
racket and shuttle is about the same height as the top of the net
Have the players in half court (one player v one player) stand with
the body facing the net with the racket head up and facing in the
direction they want the shuttle to go pic 10A
Ensure that only the forearm is used for this shot not the arm
Use a loose grip so the racket easily can play this shot back and
forth pics 10D
The aim is to make the shuttle go flat to the net so on contact
with the shuttle the racket head needs to be flat and pointing
towards the other side of the net
Progress then on to drives out the side of the body pics 10B &
10C hitting on the forehand and backhand sides
Picture 10A
11
FOOTWORK
STANCE
An effective stance will enable players to move quickly from the base (the
central position of the court the player starts from and returns to between
shots) in any direction. Players should be ready to move quickly.
Important points to remember:
Player should stand facing forward to the
net pic 11A
Feet should be at least a shoulders width
apart pic 11B
Racket foot slightly further forward
Heels off the ground with knees bent
Trunk leaning slightly forward
Racket in front and parallel to the ground.
Picture 11A
Picture 11B
MOVEMENT
Picture 11C
12
Picture 11D
Created by Lynne Scutt Badminton Oceania Development Officer
BACK OF COURT
Footwork to the back is also done with chasse steps, turning side on
to hit the shuttle pic 12A
Round the head footwork (in the backhand corner) is completed with
a rotation of the feet (pic 12B) to make it easier for the player to
return to the middle of the court, landing on your non-hitting foot to
push off back to the base pic 12C
Overhead in the forehand corner is usually with no rotation. Chasse
from the base then jump out to the forehand corner (pic 12D) landing
on your racket leg (pic 12E) then push back to the base
Picture 12A
Picture 12B
Picture 12C
Picture 12D
Picture 12E
SIDE OF COURT
To move to the side of the court to reach a smash or half court shot is
the same movement/ footwork as to the front fast small chasse and
lunge.
Lead with your racket to move towards the shuttle with a large
wide lunge - pic 12F
If lunging down for a smash keep your body low and balanced pic
12G
Picture 12F
Picture 12G
13
Hand feeding
Picture 13A
Picture 13B
Racket feeding
14
Picture 13C
For beginner groups, school groups ensure that the session is fun
and that everyone gets a turn at trying everything.
In each session or lesson try to include:
Where possible let the players play on the court too much instruction
can be too boring and players will lose interest.
If you have a small group or one on one coaching, its important for the
player(s) to be given a variety of skills to learn each session, so not to get
bored. Sessions should vary depending on level and success of the player.
Try to end each session with something fun so that your students will want
to come back and try badminton again.
15
EQUIPMENT
RACKETS:
Any racket can be used for beginner or school groups. The more rackets you have
in a session the better one per person is ideal but not necessary. Make sure the
players take care of your equipment as badminton rackets can break easily. For
small children there are also available shorter handled rackets to assist with
hitting the shuttle. Lighter rackets are easier to use for all levels and tighter
strings will help with the power.
NET:
In some lessons or areas nets and posts will not be available.
This isnt a problem, many basic lessons and techniques can
be done without nets. But you can compromise by using other
materials eg. a rope across the whole area tied to the wall.
SHUTTLES:
There are two types of shuttles plastic and feather
The plastic shuttle is heavier, flies differently but lasts a lot
longer than the feather, ideal for school groups, outside use and
beginners. Can also be used for training sessions if feather
shuttles are hard to come by or conditions are better suited.
The feather shuttle is used for most official tournaments.
It is much lighter and players are able to hit a wider range
of shots but the feathers break easily and the shuttle wont
last as long as the plastic.
16
FUN GAMES
It is important to include fun games into sessions when possible.
There are many different games that coaches and teachers use. If
possible try to make the game badminton related and always change the
game in each session unless all participants request it.
Where you have many students but only one court then badminton related
games are always good. Be sure to be clear in the instruction and keep in
mind safety of the players and equipment.
Rob the nest 4 teams (each team on a corner of a half of a court, with
shuttles in a circle in the middle of the 4 teams. Players are given a
number in their team. When the number is called they must pick up a
shuttle and take it back to their corner. They can steal from another
team when a team has 3 in their corner they win. One shuttle at a time,
Lunge to pick up the shuttle.
King of the court many shuttles needed. A team on each side of the
net. The idea of this game is for the players to throw as many shuttles
over the net one at a time, until time is called. Winning team has the
least shuttles left. This game is used to practice the throwing
technique, which is used for all overhead shots.
17
DOUBLES COURT
SINGLES COURT
In Singles
DOUBLES COURT
In Doubles
18
SCORING A GAME
Since January 2006 World Badminton Federation changed the scoring system so now
points are scored after all rallies. Games are played to 21 with advantage of 2 and
breaks are only at 11 or 21. Below is a basic explanation for the new scoring system.
For further details see www.internationalbadminton.org
SIMPLIFIED NEW RALLY POINTS SCORING SYSTEM
Scoring System
A match consists of the best of 3 games of 21 points.
The side winning a rally adds a point to its score.
At 20 all, the side which gains a 2 point lead first, wins that game.
At 29 all, the side scoring the 30th point, wins that game.
The side winning a game serves first in the next game.
Intervals and Change of Ends
When the leading score reaches 11 points, players have a 60 second interval.
A 2-minute interval between each game is allowed.
In the third game, players change ends when a side scores 11 points.
Singles
At the beginning of the game and when the score is even, the server serves
from the right service court. When it is odd, the server serves from the left
service court.
If the server wins a rally, the server scores a point and then serves again from
alternate service court.
If the receiver wins a rally, the receiver scores a point and becomes the new
server.
Doubles
There is only one serve in doubles.
At the beginning of the game and when the score is even, the server serves
from the right court. When it is odd, the server serves from the left court.
If the serving side wins a rally, the serving side scores a point and the same
server serves again from the alternate service court.
If the receiving side wins a rally, the receiving side scores a point. The
receiving side becomes the new serving side.
The player of the receiving side who served last stays in the same service court
from where he served last. The reverse pattern applies to the receivers
partner
The players do not change their respective service courts until they win a point
when their side is serving.
If players commit an error in the service court, the error is corrected when the
mistake is discovered
Created by Lynne Scutt Badminton Oceania Development Officer
19
TOURNAMENTS
There are many different ways to set up a tournament at your club or school
depending on numbers of entrants, time and courts available. Below is an
example of an empty draw sheet for a maximum amount of 16 players.
For more information and exact details on seed placement and byes go to the
www.internationalbadminton.org
KNOCKOUT DRAW
EVENT NAME
Round 1
Quarterfinals
Semi finals
Final
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
20
Winner
Diagram 1
Winner Group A
1
2
3
Winner
Group B
1
1
2
3
Winner Group B
Group A
1
1
2
3
4
Diagram 2
Winner Group A
Group B
1
Winner
2
1
2
3
Winner Group B
Winner
Group C
1
1
2
3
4
4
Winner Group C
21
UMPIRE SHEET
With the scoring system changing so have the official umpire sheets below is
a copy of the new umpire sheet. If you need more information on how to use
this umpire sheet contact BOCTOC at Badminton Oceania.
22
Note:
(1)
(2)
23
24