REPUBLIKA NG PILIPINAS

KAGAWARAN NG PANANALAPI
KAWANIHAN NG RENTAS INTERNAS
Quezon City
September 1, 2005
REVENUE REGULATIONS NO. 16-2005
SUBJECT:

Consolidated Value-Added Tax Regulations of 2005

TO:

All Internal Revenue Officers and Others Concerned

Pursuant to the provisions of Secs. 244 and 245 of the National Internal Revenue Code
of 1997, as last amended by Republic Act No. 9337 (Tax Code), in relation to Sec. 23 of the
said Republic Act, these Regulations are hereby promulgated to implement Title IV of the Tax
Code, as well as other provisions pertaining to Value-Added Tax (VAT). These Regulations
supersedes Revenue Regulations No. 14-2005 dated June 22, 2005.

COVERAGE, NATURE, BASIS, AND RATE OF

VALUE-ADDED TAX (VAT)
SECTION 4.105-1. Persons Liable. Any person who, in the course of his trade or
business, sells, barters, exchanges or leases goods or properties, or renders services, and any
person who imports goods, shall be liable to VAT imposed in Secs. 106 to 108 of the Tax
Code.
However, in the case of importation of taxable goods, the importer, whether an
individual or corporation and whether or not made in the course of his trade or business, shall
be liable to VAT imposed in Sec. 107 of the Tax Code.
Person refers to any individual, trust, estate, partnership, corporation, joint venture,
cooperative or association.
Taxable person refers to any person liable for the payment of VAT, whether
registered or registrable in accordance with Sec. 236 of the Tax Code.
VAT-registered person refers to any person who is registered as a VAT taxpayer
under Sec. 236 of the Tax Code. His status as a VAT-registered person shall continue until the
cancellation of such registration.
Taxable sale refers to the sale, barter, exchange and/or lease of goods or properties,
including transactions deemed sale and the performance of service for a consideration,
whether in cash or in kind, all of which are subject to tax under Secs. 106 and 108 of the Tax
Code.
1

SEC. 4.105-2. Nature and Characteristics of VAT. VAT is a tax on consumption

levied on the sale, barter, exchange or lease of goods or properties and services in the
Philippines and on importation of goods into the Philippines. The seller is the one statutorily
liable for the payment of the tax but the amount of the tax may be shifted or passed on to the
buyer, transferee or lessee of the goods, properties or services. This rule shall likewise apply
to existing contracts of sale or lease of goods, properties or services at the time of the
effectivity of RA No. 9337. However, in the case of importation, the importer is the one liable
for the VAT.
SEC. 4.105-3. Meaning of In the Course of Trade or Business. The term in the
course of trade or business means the regular conduct or pursuit of a commercial or
economic activity, including transactions incidental thereto, by any person regardless of
whether or not the person engaged therein is a non-stock, non-profit private organization
(irrespective of the disposition of its net income and whether or not it sells exclusively to
members or their guests), or government entity.
Non-resident persons who perform services in the Philippines are deemed to be making
sales in the course of trade or business, even if the performance of services is not regular.
SEC. 4.106-1. VAT on Sale of Goods or Properties. VAT is imposed and collected
on every sale, barter or exchange, or transactions deemed sale of taxable goods or properties
at the rate of 10% of the gross selling price or gross value in money of the goods or properties
sold, bartered, or exchanged, or deemed sold in the Philippines.
SEC. 4.106-2. Meaning of the Term Goods or Properties. The term goods or
properties refers to all tangible and intangible objects which are capable of pecuniary
estimation and shall include, among others:
(1) Real properties held primarily for sale to customers or held for lease in the ordinary course of
trade or business;
(2) The right or the privilege to use patent, copyright, design or model, plan, secret formula or
process, goodwill, trademark, trade brand or other like property or right;
(3) The right or the privilege to use any industrial commercial or scientific equipment;
(4) The right or the privilege to use motion picture films, films, tapes and discs; and
(5) Radio, television, satellite transmission and cable television time.
SEC. 4.106-3. Sale of Real Properties. Sale of real properties held primarily for
sale to customers or held for lease in the ordinary course of trade or business of the seller shall
be subject to VAT.
In the case of sale of real properties on the installment plan, the real estate dealer shall
be subject to VAT on the installment payments, including interest and penalties, actually
and/or constructively received by the seller.

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