Scribd Logo
Загрузить

Добро пожаловать в Scribd!

  • Ap B Force Packet Key PDF

    Загружено:

    TajiriMollel
    10 просмотров16 страниц

    Оригинальное название

    ap b force packet key.pdf

    Авторское право

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Доступные форматы

    PDF или читайте онлайн в Scribd

    Этот документ был вам полезен?

    Это неприемлемый материал?

    Пожаловаться на этот документ

    Авторское право:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Скачайте в формате PDF или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    10 просмотров16 страниц

    Ap B Force Packet Key PDF

    Загружено:

    TajiriMollel

    Авторское право:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Скачайте в формате PDF или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    из 16
    m. || patosorena: | 4 UNIT 2: Chap.4: Forces |PRINCLPIA) | oeeemevares wo AP B Physics — Newton's Force 1. Nanetf at rest or me vow: @ at constant velocity. Fra =0 or ZF =O. (think of inertia as a lack of a net force so an object’s motion doesn’t change) Vnsclug uel 2. Met force creates accel speed and/or direction changes. Faet= ma 3. Coblects share aYgrce: Every action force has 2 mirror reaction force Frou “Fans 7 \ ~ Bf rveten Fee B. Force diagrams: resolve forces into x and y components, then find vector sum of the forces. Then determine acceleration : a= Fnet/m ~ CC. Special forces: 1. Friction: 2. Gravity: +N where j= coefficient of friction, N is the normal force m*m,/ d? where G= constant, m’s are masses, d is distance between . Circular Acceleration has 2 kinds! 41. going in a circle requires a centripetal force: F=mv'/r where V=2n*r/T (r= radius, T= period) 2. Going faster speed requires a tangent force: F= ma = mAv/t 3, Total acceleration must be found with vectors: a=a,+a= vi/r+Av/t Fay Wdey cerde oF flock Grd binder. — Ler eqns = Fone 4ebk — vectors > Me \o\"" resistance to change, no units, related to mass (more mass, more inertia) measure of mass used in old british empire (1slug = 14.6 ke) old british unit of weight (1 stone= 14 Ibs) Pound: british unit of weight (1 Ib = 32 ft/s?* slugs) Newton: metric measure of weight or any force (1N= 0.225 lbs) Inertial reference frame: something you compare your motion to which is not accelerating (Earth, constant speed car, but not a braking car, free falling elevator etc) External forces: outside forces acting on an object , covered by Newton's laws Internal forces: forces inside a body acting on itself, (often create heat, damage, energy not conserved) Free body diagram: shows all external forces acting on an object 5h emt ek Fundamental forces: all forces derive from 3 basic fundamental forces: gravity, nucldar, & electroweak Universal gravity: fundamental attraction between any two masses (doesn’’ repel) Weight: gravitational pull between earth and any object Normal force: force a surface exerts on an object (could be horizontal or vertical surfaces) ‘Apparent weight: the normal force you feel from floor holding you up, not always equal to your weight static friction: no motion, two surfaces resist another like “cold welding” Sliding friction: motion, surfaces rubbing or rolling ‘Constants: “ G= 6.67 x 10-11 N*m’/kg?__(universal gravity constant) r n (EE ame ys feight= m*g where m is mass in kg Weight = GMe/r? where M.= mass of earth, r= distance from object to center of earth Acceleration: a= Fnet/m Cao toad Friction: f= H*N for static or kinetic friction, j1= coefficient of friction Static friction ona ramp: = tan(9) where 9 = angle of ramp 9 Net force: Fret = Fi + F2-+3 but use vectors or components. =V(FIX+F2x+F3x)? + (Fly + F2y+F3y) carefully! Tes me Force Vectors: C= A+B draw tail to tip and add vectors by adding components VectorA Vector B Vector ¢ ‘Ax= Acos(1) Bx= Bcos(2) Ce A+B, Ay= Asin(1) By= Bcos(2) cy=A,+B, Roath, B= Bi +B%, Care, tan(1)}=A/A, tan(2}=8,/8, tan(3)= C/G, yeas prs —————™ ‘ Tevhs Force misconceptions CAL whl) ge teace to keep obigets 0 motion 2, fan object is #e=@kt, NO actly on the object. 3. a vpeeabjetastohsseateaeciorer steal inanimate objects cand apply forces "he aia TREE Fate wk ed 50 Te” ca Te hen 2 neat ere we ret A . 6. AN ject Hog force a CN baie cune our eFtoreest sions ONS 7 me reetion of an object is always in the direction of the net force applied to the object. zhe ara 2 Eide objectncnerteerentertoreesren matt objects, yet bes — Tee 9. pore P TERRE TOREGT ject moving with a constant speed. Auf —— Are ats be 10. Friction alwerystmders: orci you abaye wart ae aeOENOM egularit moving pasteachoth ae 1. Frictional forces are due to irres sularities in surfaces er. # - Ot gerese ee m oon " PP sae done Gre Aa FO wee Math Hints: 4, Consider all positive forces acting on the body (air, friction normal, ete) include action, not reaction forces since only want forces acting O° the body Create a free-body diagram (watch out for directions) Make a table of all x direction forces, and y-direction forces | instead of making x and y forces, YOU can add them using vectors, tip tO tail 2. 3. 4 5, Add all forces in each direction £0 find the net force in that direction 6. 7. Use a= Fret/m to find the acceleration or use a= Av/t 8. _ ifcircular motion, remember 2 =v/r or = Fnet/m where Fnet is perpendicular to the circle 9, The final direction of the acceleration is always in the same direction as thepet force * Solving Problems: the Method for all force Problems, esp. ramps! 1. Draw a sketch of what is happening, 2: Draw a force diagram and label all forces, 5. Apply F-ma to perpendicular and Parallel direct fogether all forces along that axis including directions. Break forces ints ‘components if they do not fall ‘exactly along an axis, A ox slides down a 30 degree Famp with an acceleration of 1.2 m/s? Determine the coefficient. “ee Between the box and the ramp Down the ramp is positive. w Attach signs to force component Gata: Angle = 30 degrees a= 1.2 m/s? B= 9.8 m/s? N- Weos(30) = 0 Wsin(30) -f= ma, N- mgcos(30) = 0 ™mgsin(30) -f = ma, N= mgcos(30) = mgsin(30)~ma, ‘cal UN and substitute from the two equations above, fSUN ‘mgsinA ~ma,= lmgcosA} ‘Notice there is an m in each term. Cancel it 4-2, = paral. Solve for p. H= (gsin(30)-ay) = (9.81 m/s*¥sin30) - 1.2 mys ‘Bc0s(30) (9.81 m/s*\( cos 30) RS signs, ete (ax 0, forces balance in one ‘or more directions) ‘sign is supported by chain 2ny below. Find the force of tension 19 the chain and the force inthe bar. The sign has 2 mass rie 1.0 ke and the angle between the ‘chain and the bar is 52 degrees: Remember vectors have direction ‘and amount! (answer: bar 27.2, tension= 12.4N) T \d a bar as shown poe \ 7 N A "52° Free body diagram: Nae 2 mc ene 18H — oO oe ee \ vector wes wt | [_* Teas (sz) eae r Chain: T L_-N_< Ww [total forces: Tew (s2) yan #020 | Ten (s2)re DF, =m a qsins2 2484 > ER= max Tease) = rs — 12.4 fas(s2) HOSED 2.Friction is feuN est with a 200N force acting at 30" ale above the ‘person pulls on 2 50 Ke: sorrntal (bythe desk). THe desk ace Tes at 2.5 m/s? tothe rie The 3S whan T praw a force diagram for the desk We b. Write the equation to describe the forces “ in the x-direction. Teast 30) a tins ma = SOK ASN =125N ¢. Write the exuntonto devi te a eatcare direction. Wwe a Maco SD Ns vit, 4, Determine the x and ¥ centers he tension in their arms(To=373N,T¥=100N) “oon, Tye rTeate) = dos esis €1739) Tyetmonte) Crom « petermine the value of the normal fore. (not equal 1° the weight!) (390N) N= Wi gol1By= 2 Saw) TU —1 GB 7) f. peer the vate of the frictional ec (48N) eee 2 13- Las = (8A, & catcuatette Coefficient of friction between ete floor odie “‘e f- an ac, od 6D) YEE A370 a © eae en ae \ ES 3.Fnet = ma (no Famps) An elevator is moving up at a constant veloci IY Of 2.5 m/s, as illustrated ws The man has amass of 85, kg Construct a force diagram for the man, a News since sup 3 tt oak Velsety a 3) What force does the floor exert on the man? (833N) A Gre N= wis mgs BS kon 18° 33W) . The elevator now. accelerates ‘Upward at 2.0 m/s2, Construgt a force diagram forthe man, a Nout Sinee acee bretes \p SS NEWI tma © eexqe fp &S (2) =Q>e30 While descending the cable suddenly breaks What is the force of the flooronthe man? STR" foe fl ae m4.8 s> NZo only fora is wt q.. moLire,/ chine (2 obj mee | lifferent direction: icting’on each object, Sumy 4enssaq Same on both bheke fe block and mats, (3.26 mys") nel Ema for both blcke oe hue €9N5, tivo vaknony ¢) Calculate the tension in the cord. (T= is SSN) mac Roky x answer te Kes 1 [7 MO : a2) OSS ume maves Cooht oe ») 5. Angled motion: ramps, pulling a cart K6RE mass is allowed to accelerate down a frictionless 15° ramp. 0 kg xy" J Is SNe a. Drawa force diagram for the block. . Calculate the weight of the mass: (1961 We Woy = ax 9% 7 /9N ¢. Calculate the normal force holding up the mass: (189 N) ne Why ewe eas tie) = nb eesti) BAN) d. Determine the value of the x-component of the force of gravity (Wx = 50.7N) W down ramp = MRCAECIS) = 184 cos¢15) E23) e. Use F=ma to find the acceleration of the block down the ramp: (2.54 m/s”) Esme alo, y direchod Calon, ramp ) wh =™* 4 sints) = Ko AB seCis) s@¥ab®) Force rams (Free Body Diagrams) Notes ***Force diagrams are pictures which show the forces which are acting on an object The Method: 1. For each situation, begin by drawing a box that represents the object. 2. Draw an arrow from the box in the direction of each push or pull 3. Label each force arrow with a letter or word describing it. This think 1. Is the object on or near the Earth? If so, add a weight vector! Weight always acts downward, no matter whether the object is sitting on the floor, sliding downhill, or falling through the air. 2. |s there a surface supporting the object? If so, add a normal vector. Surfaces support perpendicular to themselves. Therefore, a horizontal floor pushes up on you so you don’t crash through it. A slanted floor pushes up and out at an angle. 3. Are any surfaces rubbing against each other? if so, add a friction force vector. Friction opposes motion, 30 if you are standing on a hill friction acts up the hill. You know this s true, because if you didn’t have friction (if someone oiled the hillside) you would slide downhill. Thus, friction must be pulling you uphill. Air friction will only be considered for something moving very fast, such as a jet plane or a person who falls out of a jet plane. A person falling down a hill will not experience air friction. 4.1s a rope or chain pulling on the object? If so, add a tension vector. Tension is always in the same direction as the rppe or chain. Recall the wisdom “you can’t push on a rope” and you'll do fine. 5. Is anything else pushing or pulling on the object? If so, add another force vector and label it. Example: A person glides along the ice on skates. Force diagram: N t dw Notice there are no horizontal vectors. That is because there are no horizontal forces, since the person is {gliding (not pushing off the ice) and ice is considered frictionless. Demnss Elaine, Po Tones Gr tod FREE BODY DIAGRAM WORKSHEET We connecting SHiag, / connected ymasseS AP. PHYSICS At wood ple Spoms + preg s Teco leyer Directions: In each described situation, construct a free body diagram, labeling each force. Also in each case, state whether or not the body is in equilibrium, ie, forces are balanced. An example is given. 1. Object sliding down a ramp at constant velocity Nar F, or normal a mg or Wor weight 2. Object in projectile motion from ground to ground, at a point in its way upward, still decelerating (include air drag) a,WE 9 ‘ wh 8. Object oscillating vertically on a spring, displacement x=0 Gy o- ax FD Vas 9. Object oscillating horizontally on a spring on a table surface, displacement x=0 ay =o 7? 4 ay 20 Ya 10. Object being pushed down a ramp, accelerating LOR Fae 2 © Wie Nz Wty 11. Coin dropped into a funnel, as it spirals downward toward the narrow end eS 12. Object at the end of a string, whirled in a horizontal circle at constant velocity bf » Abra tang &y 20 My ° > thee 4a Ky co = deny 10 mos00te [A crane is used to het oad of mass m, = S00 kilograms. The load is suspended by a cable rom a hook of mass m = 50 Kograms, as shown in the gram above, The lad ised upward at a conetant acceleration of ms ‘2 Onthe cagrars below craw and label the forses acting onthe ok and the forces acting onthe (eed as they ecesterte upward T% att a wVJegesne Vereen Determine the tension Ts in the lower cable andthe tension Ts inthe upper cable 35 the ook ‘2d and load oe accelerated upward at 2 mes. Use g= TO mist ele: Ter Tete mr & Z / Tee Tt mart co hwo + ez) a Sole) 2 Cheon lah ee NS ve Fm S goal) + Serle) = 600” SD oc wk + bod dogethen te — wk = (mama Tz 5 (atre)le + Ay to) & 1 $59 (a) + ss 12 © S600 a reson ee com tt ‘A 10 klogram bcs inti on table a8 shown n cass Ia sbove The coeiient of Slog ction between the block andthe table is 0.2. The beck is connected toa cor of rape mass, which hangs ow @ massless Rctonosspuley. In cate a force ot 0 newions apples To the cord. n case an object of mass §klograms is hung on the bottom ofthe cond Use p= 10, ‘melee por second saves | Caleuate the acceleration of he 10 kiogram block in ca | Th = ma So-mmg = A ye S — 2) 0) = casi dad cna : » LO etter wit oxP & Galeulate the acceleration ofthe 10 klogram block in case Ns Sane Sma More mans 1S Movins By Sky wt Snetso s(e) - ang eS) - Cle) > go -2n TB be Me RIFT ES keg _____ ao 7 Fon / 2 a / > z A® “18hy 7K : ae fer Qa { 20 Kg t Las dear tHN 7 ‘ s sou = GS ye 4 ih We. 7 Tee ck of manos 1.0, 20, nd 40 Koga coma sles singe one ich W435 patte a conens py sfnegigtn sy ae shown sbow Casas coer eng |8._ The acceleration ofthe 4 kilogram block we (BP Ta ula) = Hea Comlane [ED 7 T, - 3003) = 2° == 43 jt 48 Fa > zs Te The tention into sting suporting the kaspam bck Y@s)- Te 4 77 4/4S)s 4fag) 1*(2\ N Tieton the sng conecta othe og ck Toma ee Te- 1 (48) = \0 a8 + Trt Ven ae g cw oBEESESEE Whe Swwemr Po $ * 5 ene ‘A student whose noma weighs 00 newtens stands on a sal in an slew ac records the sale ‘Aidng ess trcton oto” Te dates shown nine gag aba. At ime = 0, he eloetr a ‘Senolomentx 0 wa ety 70, Astute port recto Rr epicerat lohy me {nd acouertion ae uowerd 12 Onthe diagram below, daw anc abe i of the forces on the student at = 8 seconds. t ve N>we 1b. Caeulate the acceleration, oof the elastor fx each § second intent Teindcate your results by completing the flowing table 2 Fi l= - Tien) 02° Sto os 1520 aria Mowe Un se ame =O 4 oH a Tm) aol a; eat «. Pea os ay vel sn et tn a ca ‘inte your rei by completing the flowing table. tmavienay) 08 is Ret Ban = HOC) ves) om PY »d |. Pot he velcty as a fnetion of time onthe lowing orph. ene ng) Wash: Lae ee RS Ver shits ms ain fnia 1" To My Te My yp de iu tra ca neem obs tem ; Rese tamer atte wee eat ava ae re K oO: patna Sisk ee it gre MENea tg Bom Sistecar ga bua conse iru Heil eeonbnk one eeatea cen A uf 2 + one tov an a tt nt Nye 1 wr 1 ™9 _ mpg sad + 1,2 Tyo oF 2 eer YAgS5NS 41 e Mg “2h 22 ws ', Detemine the concent ofknetic fiction between the icned plane an block 1 \ “SE ©. (am \grne — Mg mK Smigsne 1 F - << (Mutm)sne - M (Ors ag suo = Mg 34 ”~ 3me8 O) ‘ .c. Determine the value of the suspended maed M that allows blocks 1 and 2 to move with constant ‘acct dm ne ae Fru = -triemiasiag + hg - 34 so Miz Creme sino = Syme caso) eumioe 38) 14. The ering between blocks 1 nd 2 is now ext. Determine the accelration of block 1 wh it is on the inclined plane. oe Pat migeme — AM9 2 (Sas

    Вам также может понравиться