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With a production of about 4.5 mn vehicles in 2001-02 and over 8.5 mn vehicles
now, India is the second largest producer of 2-wheelers worldwide, which
includes motorcycles, scooters and mopeds.
The two-wheelers constitute over 75% of the number of units of all the
automobiles sold in India and in terms of passenger vehicles, the share goes
further up by 5% to 80%. The two-wheeler segment's affordability may be
measured by the market penetrations of these vehicles for the target market, the
people aspiring for a personal mode of transport. These vehicles have a better
roadworthiness in India, considering the condition of the roads outside metros
and the big cities. The congested townships make these vehicles highly
maneuverable in their movement. These are used even as cargo carriers,
especially by milk vendors all over the country.
The two-wheeler segments has maintained growth, exceeding 11% during 200208 period, and in the process have expanded their sales from 4.3 mn units in
2001-02 to nearly 8.0 mn units in 2007-08. The year 2007-08 witnessed a drop of
nearly 5% over the preceding year. The fall has been the result of nearly 8.5%
fall registered by the motorcycles segment witnessed during the year. The fall in
the year may be seen in the context of the segment registering a CAGR of 14.4%
during the period 2002-08. While in first half of 2008-09, the segment rallied with
sales growing by 11.5% over the first half of the preceding year, it appears that
the segment has not escaped from the worldwide economic down-turn.
The trend in sales turnover was mixed in 2007-08 while it increased for most of
the companies in 2008-09. Net profit declined for most of the companies in
2007-08 while the trend is mixed in 2008-09.
Scooters
Scooters, which almost disappeared into the dark alleys are making a good
comeback. Just two year ago, of every 100 two-wheelers sold in the country only
12 were scooters. That number went upto 16 in the following year and was
projected to zoom to almost 20 in the next year. The scooter market expanded in
double digits last fiscal, outperforming the two-wheeler market, which grew only
2.6%. In the first 5 months of 2008-09 the segment recorded an increase of
8.3% over the same period in the preceding year.
Total market of scooters was valued at Rs. 30 bn in 2007-08, which registered an
increase of 5.4% over that of preceding year. 125
The scooter segment is led by Honda Motorcycles & Scooters India (HMSI) with
Bajaj Auto, once the leaders relegated to a near exit. TVS has emerged as
another major player in the segment with a share of around 22% against the
leader's 58 %. The other significant contributor is Hero Honda, which made a
debut in the scooter segment in 2005-06. Hero Honda has a market share of
about 15%. Kinetic Motor and Kinetic Engineering are the other producers,
having only a small foothold in the segment.
HMSI has been in India for just over last six years and has already sold over 2 mn
units. Much against its known image, HMSI is seen as a leading scooter
manufacturer in India. In 2006-07, the company sold and exported over 168,500
motorcycles as against about 546,800 scooters. In the first 8 months of 2008-09,
it sold (including exports) 270,000 scooters, registering a growth of over 3% on
its performance of 2007-08. To change the image, HMSI is contemplating to offer
100cc motorcycles in the Indian market. So far the company has operated in the
125cc to 150cc segments only with its brands, Shine and Unicorn.
The other manufacturer to have significantly increased its sales was TVS Motor
Co, recording a 5.6% growth during the year. Hero Honda, which registered only
small sales of 15,000 units in 2005-06 in its year of debut in the segment,
recorded a phenomenal 5-fold increase to close at 93,000 vehicles in 2006-07.
Sales in 2008-09 (upto August) exceeded 100,000 units.
Global Automobiles of Kolkata (in a joint venture with Xenitis group and
Guangzou Automobiles Industry Group of China) were slated to launch a fourstroke automatic scooter by early 2008.
Mopeds
To sustain its leadership in the mopeds segment, TVS Motor brought out
upgraded versions of its product designed for double-seat riding, and continue to
remain popular with the users. Majestic Auto, which was a trend-setter in the
segment, is steadily fading out.
Motorcycles
There has been a steady growth in the demand for motorcycles in India. It has
become a youth icon, particularly among the urban youth charged by speed and
style which motorcycles impart to their personality. The motorcycles overtook
scooters in 1998-99 and have not looked back. The scenario for 2006-07
conformed to the sustained performance in the recent past with sales at over 7
mn, higher by over 16.5% on the preceding years sales. In 2008-09 (first 8
months) sales at 2.85 mn were higher by 14.5% than in the comparable period
of 2007-08.
Yamaha was to launch YZF-RI (1000cc) and MT-01 (1670cc) superbikes in the
Indian market. The superbikes would be imported as fully built units. Yamaha is
also contemplating re-launching the RX-100 brand, a reminiscent of YamahaEscorts days. The model was withdrawn following the parting of ways between
Escorts and Yamaha.
Bajaj announced its exit from the 100cc segment of motorcycles. Honda
Motorcycle & Scooter India was contemplating to fill up the gap created by Bajaj
in the availability of 100cc bikes, which make up for around 60% of the total
mobike market. Two-wheeler sales of Bajaj Auto increased by 12% during 200708.
Bajaj Auto rode into Indonesia's USD 6 bn bike's market with its flagship model
and plans to set up a regional production base in south-east Asia's largest
economy. It launched the 180cc Bajaj Pulsar. The company initially aimed to sell
100,000 motorbikes in Indonesia in two years.
TVS Motor, which has presence in 100cc to 150cc segments of motorcycles, has
launched an upgraded version of its Apache brand in Apache RTR 160. This was
expected to be costlier than the existing Apache brand by Rs. 4,000 to be sold at
around Rs. 45,000. The company clocked a growth of 14% in sales in 2006-07.
During the year 2007-08, however, its sales declined by 16%. The company has
now decided to focus on lower end of the market, that is, 100 to 125cc segment.
The company launched five new models in 2008-09 (upto December). Despite
the threat of global slow down, the company recorded over 9% growth in
revenue in the third quarter of 2008-09.
Three-wheelers
Three-wheelers are mostly used as taxis for carrying passengers and for haulage
of light luggage. The sale of 3-wheelers increased to over 506,000 in 2007-08
from 548,000 in 2006-07, registering a growth of 25.4%. While the passenger
segment achieved phenomenal 31.7% increase, the growth of cargo carrier
three-wheeler segment registered an increase of over 13%. In the first eight
months of 2008-09, the sales of three wheelers registered an impressive 17.2%
growth over the same period of 2007-08. This was on top of a fall of 7.6% in
2007-08 over 2006-07.
The segment managed an overall 15.3% growth during the 2002-08 period. From
the sale of 215,700 units including exports in 2001-02, sales have shot up to
506,000 units at the end of the period in 2007-08. The high growth passenger
segment makes up for about 70% of the entire three-wheeler segment. The total
market of three wheelers was valued at Rs. 42 bn in 2007-08 which meant a fall
of 8% over that of the preceding year.
Bajaj Auto is the market leader and continues to maintain its dominance. Piaggio
Greaves was the first foray of a foreign major in the three-wheeler segment. It
India's largest producer Hero Motocorp has continued to look up. Its Leap hybrid
is to find way into the US and European markets. The hybrid is slated to be
launched in India in February 2015. The company plans to have 20
manufacturing facilities worldwide by 2020. Besides its other offerings are also in
line with its expansion strategy.
Three-Wheelers
Top Line
Bottom Line
2012-13
2013-14
2012-13
2013-14
Bajaj Auto
194899
197176
30436
32433
235827
251249
21182
21091
75105
83790
1975
1863
Segments
Export
2012-13
2013-14
2012-13
2013-14
3 Wheelers
839.80
830.10
303.10
353.30
2 wheelers
15744.20
16879.90
1956.40
2083.90
3026.50
3676.20
91.10
93.90
11925.70
12471.50
1862.10
1982.80
792.00
732.20
3.30
7.30
Scooter/scooterettes
Motorcycles
Mopeds
The technology of mass production is inherently violent, ecologically damaging, self-defeating in terms of nonrenewable
resources,
and
stultifying
for
the
human
person.
E.F. Schumacher
Two Wheelers
1990-91
1.82
2000-01
3.55
2001-02
4.30
2002-03
4.99
2003-04
5.63
2004-05
6.57
2005-06
7.57
2006-07
8.90
2007-08
8.00
2008-09
8.50
2009-10
10.60
2010-11
13.40
2011-12
13.80
2012-13
14.80
2013-14
15.95
2014-15
17.10
2015-16
19.10
2016-17
20.75
2017-18
23.00
2018-19
25.90
2019-20
29.50
2024-25
52.00
Market Structure
Market Segmentation
Segment
Share (%)
North
35
East
15
West
25
South
25
Product Variation
Type
Share (%)
Motorcycles
75.5
Scooters
15.5
Mopeds
6.90%
2001-02-2006-07
15.60%
2006-07-2011-12
12.10%
2011-12-2019-20
10.40%
2019-20-2024-25
12.00%
Variation Coefficient
5.80%
Lead Players
Company
Hero MotoCorp
Share (%)
20
Bajaj Auto
Honda Motors
LML
Kinetic Engg.
Majestic Auto
Royal Enfield
Leading Brands
Bajaj, Super, Chetak, Classic, Bravo, Legend, Yamaha, Stride, LML, Vespa, Kawasaki Bajaj, Hero Honda, KineticHonda, Bullet 350, Shogun, Samurai, Caliber, Fiero, Karizma.
Scooters
1990-91
910
2000-01
880
2001-02
936
2002-03
858
2003-04
940
2004-05
983
2005-06
992
2006-07
1012
2007-08
1080
2008-09
1175
2009-10
1490
2010-11
2125
2011-12
2380
2012-13
2720
2013-14
2750
2014-15
2880
2015-16
3000
2016-17
3270
2017-18
3450
2018-19
3690
2019-20
3940
2024-25
5655
Leading Brands
Chetak 12 V, Super, KH, Classic, NVK, Honda, Actiwa, Select, Supremo, Star, Sensation, Saffire, Super Met,
Bravo, Legend, Super Excel, DX, ZX sports, Marvel, K4, AX100, DX 100, ZX 100, Jupiter, Wego, Scooty Pept,
Scooty Streak.
(-) 0.03%
2001-02-2006-07
1.60%
2006-07-2011-12
18.60%
2011-12-2019-20
6.50%
2019-20-2024-25
7.50%
Variation Coefficient
5.40%
Strategic Alliances
Company
Collaboration
Cagivo, Italy Kuboto, Japan AVL,
Austria
Bajaj
Kinetic Honda
LML
TVS-Suzuki
Lead Players
Company
Share (%)
52.0
TVS Motor
12.0
19.0
Suzuki Motorcycles
9.0
Yamaha
5.0
Others
3.0
Motor Cycles
1990-91
0.47
2000-01
2.18
2001-02
2.94
2002-03
3.77
2003-04
4.36
2004-05
5.24
2005-06
6.20
2006-07
7.10
2007-08
6.50
2008-09
6.80
2009-10
8.50
2010-11
10.60
2011-12
12.50
2012-13
12.55
2013-14
13.05
2014-15
15.10
2015-16
15.75
2016-17
17.10
2017-18
18.25
2018-19
19.50
2019-20
20.70
2024-25
30.20
Market Structure
Market Segmentation
Segment
Share (%)
North
32
East
12
West
24
South
32
16.60%
2001-02-2006-07
19.30%
2006-07-2011-12
12.00%
2011-12-2019-20
6.50%
2019-20-2024-25
7.80%
Variation Coefficient
5.60%
Lead Players
Company
Share (%)
56.00
Bajaj Auto
25.00
TVS Motors
6.50
Yamaha Motor
3.50
Suzuki
2.00
Honda Motorcycles
7.00
Strategic Alliances
Company
Collaboration
Bajaj Auto
Hero Motocorp
Royal Enfield
TVS-Suzuki
Mopeds
1990-91
440
2000-01
492
2001-02
427
2002-03
362
2003-04
332
2004-05
351
2005-06
376
2006-07
382
2007-08
425
2008-09
450
2009-10
575
2010-11
700
2011-12
850
2012-13
870
2013-14
950
2014-15
1110
2015-16
1930
2016-17
2150
2017-18
2400
2018-19
2650
2019-20
1730
2024-25
2975
Market Segmentation
Segment
Share (%)
North
15
East
West
20
South
62
Strategic Alliance
Company
Collaboration
TVS
Suzuki, Japan
1.10%
2001-02-2006-07
(-) 2.2%
2006-07-2011-12
17.30%
2011-12-2019-20
9.30%
2019-20-2024-25
11.40%
Variation Coefficient
7.80%
Market Structure
Product Variation
55 cc, 60 cc, 64 cc, 73 cc, 74 cc
Lead Players
Company
Share (%)
100.00
Leading Brands
Scooty, Sunny Spice, Luna, Pride, Safari, Spark, Luna, Super & Magnum, TVS, Hero Puch, Hero Majestic, Toro,
Pacer, Panther, Punch, Spirit, Hero Winner, Style Y2K, Trendy, TVX-XLHD.
Three Wheelers
1990-91
89
2000-01
214
2001-02
215
2002-03
275
2003-04
352
2004-05
375
2005-06
437
2006-07
494
2007-08
510
2008-09
500
2009-10
625
2010-11
800
2011-12
850
2012-13
890
2013-14
975
2014-15
1050
2015-16
1120
2016-17
1200
2017-18
1290
2018-19
1375
2019-20
1470
2024-25
2110
Lead Players
Company
Share (%)
Bajaj Auto
38.40
Piaggio Vehicles
38.60
12.70
Scooters India
3.00
Force Motors
Neg.
Atul Auto
5.00
TVS
2.30
9.20%
2001-02-2006-07
18.10%
2006-07-2011-12
11.50%
2011-12-2019-20
7.10%
2019-20-2024-25
7.50%
Variation Coefficient
5.40%
Leading Brands
Market Structure
Market Segmentation
Segment
North
East
Share (%)
13
7
West
38
South
42
Source: Indiastat.com,
http://www.indiastat.com/table/marketforecast20102020/10143/automobiles/101
44/10149/data.aspx, accessed as on 18.10.2016