COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

PUTRAJAYA CAMPUS
FINAL EXAMINATION SOLUTION
SEMESTER 1 2013 / 2014
PROGRAMME

: B. Eng. Electrical & Electronics (Honours)

B. Eng. Electrical Power (Honours)
B. Eng. Mechanical (Honours)

SUBJECT CODE

: EEEB113

SUBJECT

: Circuit Analysis I

DATE

: September 2013

TIME

: (3 hours)

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
1.

This paper contains FIVE (5) questions and solutions in SIXTEEN (16) pages.

2.

Answer ALL questions.

3.

Write ALL answers in the answer booklet provided.

4.

Write the answers to each question on a new page.

5.

ALL steps and diagrams must be shown clearly in your answers.

6.

A sheet of useful formula is included at the end of this paper as an Appendix on Page 16.

THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF 16 PRINTED PAGES INCLUDING THIS COVER

PAGE.
Page 1 of 16

EEEB113, Semester 1 2013/2014

QUESTION 1 [20 marks]

(a) For the circuit given in Figure 1a,

Figure 1a

(i)

(ii)

Write the KIRCHHOFF CURRENT LAW equation at node A.

[2 marks]

I1 = I2 + I3 + I4

[2 marks]

Determine current I1 and use CURRENT DIVIDER RULE to calculate currents I2 to I4.
[6 marks]
RT = 3 + (+ 1/1 + ) = 3.571
I1 = 40 / RT = 11.2 A

(iii)

[1 mark]
[2 marks]

I2 = 2/3 x I1 / (4 + 2/3) = 2/3 x 11.2 / (4 + 2/3) = 1.6 A

[1 mark]

I3 = 8/6 x I1 / (1 + 8/6) = 8/6 x 11.2 / (1 + 8/6) = 6.4 A

[1 mark]

I4 = 4/5 x I1 / (2 + 4/5) = 4/5 x 11.2 / (2 + 4/5) = 3.2 A

[1 mark]

Verify that the total power absorbed is equal to total power supplied.

[3 marks]

P3 = I1 x 3 = 11.2 x 3 = + 376.3 W
P4 = I2 x 4 = 1.6 x 4 = + 10.24 W
P1 = I3 x 1 = 6.4 x 1 = + 40.96 W
P2 = I4 x 2 = 3.2 x 2 = + 20.48 W
P3 + P4 + P1 + P2 = + 448 W; Hence total power absorbed is 448 W.

[2 marks]

P40V = 40 x -I1 = 40 x -11.2 = -448 W; Hence total power supplies is 448 W. Verified.
[1 mark]

Page 2 of 16

EEEB113, Semester 1 2013/2014

(b) For the circuit given in Figure 1b,

Figure 1b

(i)

Determine equivalent resistance Req at terminal a-b.

[7 marks]

Solution 1,
Y- transformation,
Ra = Rb = Rc = 3 (30) = 90

[3 marks]

Req = 5 + [90 // (90 // 10 + 90 // 10)]

[1 mark]

Req = 5 + [90 // (9 + 9)]

[1 mark]

Req = 5 + (90 // 18)

[1 mark]

Req = 20

[1 mark]

OR
Solution 2,
-Y transformation,
R1 = 30 x 10 / (30 + 10 + 30) = 30/7

[1 mark]

R2 = 30 x 30 / (30 + 10 + 30) = 90/7

[1 mark]

R3 = 10 x 30 / (30 + 10 + 30) = 30/7

[1 mark]

Req = 5 + R1 + [(R2 + 30) // (R3 + 10)]

[1 mark]

Req = 5 + 30/7 + [(90/7 + 30) // (30/7 + 10)]

(ii)

Req = 5 + 30/7 + (300/7 // 100/7)

[1 mark]

Req = 5 + 30/7 + 300/28

[1 mark]

Req = 20

[1 mark]

Calculate current IO.

[2 marks]

I0 = 10 / Req = 10 / 20 = 0.5 A
[2 marks]
Page 3 of 16

EEEB113, Semester 1 2013/2014

QUESTION 2 [20 marks]

(a) For the circuit shown in Figure 2a, use NODAL ANALYSIS to determine node voltages V1, V2
and V3 and determine current Ia.

[10 marks]

Figure 2a

VA

V2

I2
I3

+
-

660V

15

I4

10
I1
100V

+
-

25

V3

V1
I5

50

Ia
Perform KCL at each node:
Node 1:
V1 100 V (1)
[2 marks]
Node 2:

I2 I3 I4 0
VA V2 V2 V3 V2

0
5
15
25
where, VA V1 660
Page 4 of 16

VA 660 V1

EEEB113, Semester 1 2013/2014

660 V1 V2
5

V2 V3 V2

0
15
25

23V2 V3

152 (2)
75
15

[2 marks]
Node 3:

I1 I 3 I 5 0
V1 V3 V2 V3 V3

0
10
15
50
V2 14V3

10 (3)
15
75

[2 marks]
Solve the simultaneous equation,
V1 100 V, V2 550 V, V3 250 V
[2 marks]
Apply KCL at node 1:
I a I1 I 2 0

I a I1 I 2

V V3 660 V1 V2
100 250 660 100 550
Ia 1

27 A
10
5
10
5
[2 marks]

(b) For the circuit shown in Figure 2b,

Figure 2b

(i)

Calculate I1 and I2 using MESH ANALYSIS.

[7 marks]

(ii)

Determine the power absorbed by the 10 resistor.

[3 marks]

Page 5 of 16

EEEB113, Semester 1 2013/2014

2(b) (i)
I1
25

15
10

19.6A

I2
55

35

From Mesh 3, I3 = 19.6 A

[1 mark]

Perform KVL at each mesh;

Mesh 1:
15I1 10I1 I 2 25I1 19.6 0
50I1 10I 2 490 (1)
[2 marks]
Mesh 2:

55I 2 35I 2 19.6 10I 2 I1 0

10I1 100 2 686 (2)

[2 marks]
Solve simultaneous equation,
I1 11.4 A , I 2 8 A,
[2 marks]

(ii)

Power absorbed by 10 resistor = I 2 R I1 I 2 R 11.4 8 10 115.6 W

2

[3 marks]

Page 6 of 16

EEEB113, Semester 1 2013/2014

QUESTION 3 [20 marks]

(a) For the circuit shown in Figure 3a,

Figure 3a

(i)

Determine the NORTON equivalent circuit to the left of terminal a-b.

[7 marks]

To find RN, turn off all independent sources (150 V s/c and 10 A o/c)

[1 mark]

RN = 3 // [5 + (2 // 4)]

[1 mark]

RN = 3 // (5 + 8/6)
RN = 3 // 19/3
RN = 2.036

[1 mark]

IN is the s/c current at terminal a-b. Since terminal a-b is being s/c, ignore 3 .

[1 mark]

KVL at Mesh 1,
-150 + 2 I1 + 4(I1 I2) = 0
6 I1 4 I2 = 150 Eqn. 1
KVL at Supermesh,
4 (I2 I1) + 5 I2 = 0
-4 I1 + 9 I2 = 0

Eqn. 2

KCL at node a,
I2 + 10 = I3
I2 - I3 = -10

Eqn. 3

Solving Eqn. 1, Eqn. 2 and Eqn. 3,

[1 mark]

I1 = 35.53 A, I2 = 15.79 A, I3 = 25.79 A

IN = I3 = 25.79 A

[1 mark]

Page 7 of 16

EEEB113, Semester 1 2013/2014

[1 mark]

(ii)

Transform the Norton equivalent circuit into THEVENIN equivalent circuit.

[3 marks]

RTH = RN = 2.036

[1 mark]

VTH = IN x RN = 25.79 x 2.036 = 52.51 V

[1 mark]

[1 mark]

(iii)

Calculate the maximum power dissipation Pmax in the load resistor RL.

[5 marks]

For maximum power transfer, RL = RTH = 2.036

[1 mark]

Pmax = VTH/ 4RTH

[2 marks]

Pmax = 52.51/ (4 x 2.036)

[1 mark]

Pmax = 338.6 W

[1 mark]

Page 8 of 16

EEEB113, Semester 1 2013/2014

(b) Determine current i in the circuit shown in Figure 3b by using SUPERPOSITION theorem.
[5 marks]

Figure 3b
Turn off 10 A source (o/c), using Ohms Law:

[1 mark]

i1 = 20 / (6 + 4) = 20 / 10 = 2 A

[1 mark]

Turn off 20 V source (s/c), using CDR:

[1 mark]

i2 = 6 x 10 / (6 + 4) = 60 / 10 = 6 A

[1 mark]

i = i1 + i2 = 2 + 6 = 8 A

[1 mark]

Page 9 of 16

EEEB113, Semester 1 2013/2014

QUESTION 4 [20 marks]

(a) For the circuit given in Figure 4a, consider ideal op-amp.

Figure 4a

(i)

Given R1 = 20 k and Rf = 60 k, determine vs if the output voltage vo is 10 V.

[10 marks]

1 = 2
0
20

60

[1 mark]

= 4

[1 mark]

[1 mark]

= 4 --------------------------------------------- (1)

Page 10 of 16

EEEB113, Semester 1 2013/2014

+ 15 + 30 + 6 = 0

[1 mark]

= 45 + 6 ----------------------------------------- (2)
=

6
30

------------------------------------------------- (3)

[1 mark]
[1 mark]

Substitute (3) into (2);

6

= 45 ( 30
) + 6 [1 mark]

2 +6

----------------------------------------------- (4) [1 mark]

Substitute (4) into (1);

=
=

(ii)

3 24
8

[1 mark]

= . [1 mark]

Assume the previous vs remained; what happens to R1 and Rf if the output voltage vo is
reduce to 5 V.

[2 marks]
= 5
= 0.75
2 + 6 0.75 + 6
=
= 2.5
3
3
0

=
1

= =

2.5 5
= (
) = (
)=
1

2.5
=

[2 marks]

if;
= then =

Page 11 of 16

EEEB113, Semester 1 2013/2014

(b)

For the circuit given in Figure 4b, consider ideal op-amp; determine vi and the output voltage vo.
[8 marks]

Figure 4b
4 + 2 + = 0 [2 marks]
=
30

[1 mark]
30

30

0 = (15 + 15 + 15 ) [4 marks]
0 = -12 V [1 mark]

Page 12 of 16

EEEB113, Semester 1 2013/2014

QUESTION 5 [20 marks]

(a) The switch in Figure 5a has been closed for a long time. At t = 0 s, the switch is opened. Calculate
the voltage across the capacitor, v(t) and the current through the 8 resistor, i(t) for t > 0.
[10 marks]

Figure 5a
When t < 0 [switch is closed, capacitor o/c, 3u(t) = 0 A],

VC(0-) = V2 = 3 x 2 = 6 V
VC(0-) = VC(0+) = VC(0) = 6 V

[1 mark]

When t > 0 (switch is open)

Req = 2 + 8 = 10

[1 mark]

= Req C = 10 x 0.1 = 1 s

[1 mark]

VC() = 3 x 8 = 24 V

[1 mark]

V(t) = 24 + (6 - 24) e-t/1 = (24 - 18 e-t) V

[2 marks]

iC(t) = C dv/dt

[1 mark]

iC(t) = 0.1 x (0 + 18 e-t) = 0.1 x 18e-t = 1.8 e-t A

[1 mark]

i(t) = iC(t) - 3 = (1.8 e-t 3) A

[2 marks]
Page 13 of 16

EEEB113, Semester 1 2013/2014

(b) Voltage generating system of an automobile ignition system is modeled by the circuit shown in
Figure 5b. The voltage source represents the battery and alternator in real life. The 6 resistor
models the wiring resistances. Meanwhile, the ignition coil is modeled by the 10 mH inductor.
Finally, the 20 F capacitor models the condenser to automechanics is in parallel with the switch.
Determine voltage across the capacitor v(t) and the current through the inductor i(t) for t > 0.
[10 marks]

Figure 5b

When t < 0 [capacitor o/c, inductor s/c, switch is closed],

VC(0-) = VC(0+) = VC(0) = Vs/c = 0 V

[1 mark]

iL(0-) = iL(0+) = iL(0) = 12/6 = 2 A

[1 mark]

When t > 0,

= 2 = 2(10) = 300 /
1

[1 mark]

= = 10(20) = 2236 /

[1 mark]

Page 14 of 16

EEEB113, Semester 1 2013/2014

Since < , therefore underdamped response

[1 mark]

VC(t) = VS + (A1 cos dt + A2 sin dt)e(-t) V

S1,2 = 300 (300 - 2236) = 300 j2215.8
S1 = 300 + 2215.8 or S2 = 300 j2215.8
[1 mark]
Vs = VC() = 12 V (Capacitor o/c, I = 0)
[1 mark]
VC(0) = 12 + (A1+ A2 x 0)e0
0 = 12 + A1
A1 = -12

Eqn. 1

iC(t) = C dVC(t) / dt = C (0 - e-tA1cos dt - A1de-tsin dt - A2e-tsin dt + A2de-tcos dt)

iL(0) = 2 = iC(0) = (20) (-300A1 + 0 + 0 + 2215.8A2)
-300A1 + 2215.8A2 = 0.1M

Eqn. 2

A1 = -12
A2= 43.51
[1 mark]
VC(t) = 12 + (-12 cos 2215.8t + 43.51 sin 2215.8t)e(-300t) V
[1 mark]
iL(t) = iC(t) = (20)(0 - 300e-300t x -12 cos 2215.8t + 12 x 2215.8e-300t sin 2215.8t +
43.51 x -300e-300tsin 2215.8t + 43.51 x 2215.8 e-300tcos 2215.8t)
iL(t) = (20)(100009e-300tcos 2215.8t + 13536.6e-300tsin 2215.8t)
iL(t) = (2e-300tcos 2215.8t + 0.2707e-300tsin 2215.8t) A
[1 mark]

-END OF SOLUTION-

Page 15 of 16

EEEB113, Semester 1 2013/2014

APPENDIX: USEFUL FORMULA

DC CIRCUITS
Wye-Delta Transformations:

1st order RL or RC circuits:

Source-free response: () = (0) /
Step response: () = () + [(0) ()] /
2nd order, RLC circuits:
Series RLC:

= 2

= 1

Parallel RLC:

= 1(2) ,

= 1

When ( > o) then circuit response is an overdamped response:

Source-free response : () = 1 1 + 2 2
Step response
: () = + 1 1 + 2 2
When ( = o) then circuit response is a critically damped response:
Source-free response : () = (1 + 2 )
Step response
: () = + (1 + 2 )
When ( < o) then circuit response is an underdamped response:
Source-free response : () = (1 cos + 2 sin )
Step response
: () = + (1 cos + 2 sin )

where

1,2 = 2 2
= 2 2
Page 16 of 16