C.

W O R D S F R O M T H E S A M E F A M I L Y
In e a c h o f th e s e n te n c e s b e lo w , fill in th e b la n k w ith a
w ord fr o m th e sam e fa m ily as th e g iv e n w o r d . B e su re to
use th e c o r r e c t w o r d fo r m o r v e r b fo rm .

1. Happy
- When they met, they quarreled, resulting in an.......... meeting.
- Richness may not necessarily bring about.......... , but peace of
mind can.
- As there has been som e.......... between the couple, they kept
quiet.
- You can live.......... if your mind is free from unnecessary
worries.

2. Advice
- 1 never hesitate taking good.......... , which, I think, will be a god
guide to a certain aspect of work.
- Good teachers must often .......... their students to try to do their
best but must not expect them to be perfect.
- It is.......... to pay great attention to other vehicles while driving
on a busy road.

3. Willing
- Are you.......... to help those who dont try to help themselves?
- Many people here are.......... to work overtime at the expense of
their free time.
- Since Mr Ford has not indicated his.......... to come to the party,
we should not count him in.
- When ever I was invited, I accepted the invitation..........

4. Surprise
- We w ere.......... to see Mary come without her boy friend.

161

- W hen attacked, the rascal ran away, but........ . he made a

counter-attack soon.
- It wont b e .......... to see an ordinary person becom e a rich man
one day.

5. Explain
- If you dont understand the point, you can ask the speaker to
...-.......it again.
- The technician is giving an.......... as to how the new machine can
be properly used.
- Every chart in the report requires a few .......... words at the
bottom o f it.

6. Offend
- It seems that your rude remarks have.......... Roland.
- Since he was a first-tim e.......... , he was given a warning without
any penalty.
- M any western people find the strong smell of d u ria n s ..........
- In this country, it is an.......... to throw rubbish in a public place.

7. Apologize
- Sorry! I didnt mean to hurt you, Tom said......................
- You are wrong and must therefore make an.......... to her, the
sooner the better.
- Dont b e .......... ! I was somewhat wrong, too.

8. True
- I am .....................grateful for all your help.
- Your story is marvelous. Is there any.....................in it?
- In todays society, how many servants will rem ain..................... to
their masters?

162

Purpose
She was looking for her lost purse, but to n o.....................
What was the.....................of his recent visit?
- It is said that James has..............knocked against the other car.
- Irene entered the m anagers office with a.......... look on her face.
- What is the point o f doing such a.................... thing?

10. Agree
- The old m an.....................with the young mans impractical plan.
- If you find the present job .................... , change it without
hesitation.
- Dont be so nasty as not to b e.................... to his good proposal.
- There seems to be a.....................between the two news report.
- Some committee m embers have been having som e...............lately.

11. Calculate
- Half these.....................are wrong!
- My son wants a pocket.................... for his birthday.
- He was a very cool,.....................kind of person.

12. Collect
- Stamp.....................can be a very expensive hobby.
- Heres a special offer to all.................... of foreign coins!
- The.....................was very successful. It raised 3,500.

13. Compare
- Im just a beginner in .....................with her.
- Crimes o f violence w ere.................... race until a few years ago.
- W hat happened two years ago is not really.....................to the
situation now.

14; Compete
- W ould all..................... please make their way to the start?
163

- W ere selling these toys at a v e r y .....................price.

- If I win this......................Ill get a new bicycle.

15. Confirm
- She received a letter of.....................from the hotel.
- W ere received a n ................. .

report of an explosion outside the

Presidents house.

16. Continue
- His latest book is a.....................of his previous one.
- The train service w as.................... because it w asnt used by many
people.
- 1 couldnt get much work done as I w as.....................being
interrupted by people telephoning me.
- After four hours.....................typing I had a terrible headache.

17. Advantage
- He is making full use of his.....................position as a political
leaders son.
- Some people had the.....................of being born into rich or
influential families.
- Among the three short-listed candidates, Tom is at a ....................
because o f knowing only one language.
- In a multi-lingual and multi-racial society, knowing only one
language is really.....................in many aspects.

18. Insist
- A i a good administrator, D avid.....................on having a good
system based on meritocracy.
- Because of his childrens ...................... Peter bought a new big car
to their liking.
The m anager w as.....................that the allocated work must be
duly completed.

lA

19. Describe
- Compared with a narrative essay, a.................... essay is more
difficult to write.
- We need TV serials which give a good.................... o f different
aspects o f life o f our people.
Only an eye-witness can.................... what has actually happened.

20. Prevent
There must be som e.....................measures to stop environmental
pollution.
- Who can.....................people from going to live in a more peaceful
place?
- Do you know the meaning of.................... is better than cure?

21. Punish
- Criminals o f all sorts must be severely.....................
- Drug-smuggling in this country is.................... by death.
- There must be a severe.................... for reckless driving.

22. Persuade
- She tried to.....................her parents to let her go skiing.
- Who is the person who is speaking so.....................on the stage?
- Most successful politicians have good.....................power.
The people accepted the new policy after som e.....................

23. Believe
- You wont.....................a liars story, will you?
- It is.....................that Diana has kept many cats at home.
- Helens singing is.....................good.
- Such a story is not worthy of....................

24. Justice
- If a judge has no sense of...................... no one will respect him.
165

- The referees decision was

. It is therefore wrong to

accuse him o f bias.

- We will do Fames a great.

if he is not given a prize.

25. Prefer
- W hen you go out at night, wear a white shirt, which
is.....................to a black one.
- For my daily diet, I dont have a .....................for any food; I eat
everything.
- S h e .....................meat to vegetables, but I am the other way
around.

26. Suspect
- Peter is an honest man, so dont.....................him.
- The police are looking high and low for m urder.....................
- Keep an eye on that strange-looking man whose behaviour
appears.....................
- The manager seldom trusts people and often treats others
w ith.....................

27. Observe
- The present situations in some countries require c lo s e .................
- Some foreigners came to the conference as political.....................
- It took some time to find out the problem of the em ploym ent
system.
- It was not.....................at the beginning.
- The whole world is.....................the development of the new
political situation in a neighbouring country.

28. Divide
- The river forms the.....................between the two parts of the city.
- She is a .....................person who often tries to make people
quarrel.
166

The number 25 is

29. Dead
- Can doctors cure all the.................... diseases?
When the king says you m ust.................... , you cannot expect to
live.
On the way to the hospital, the seriously wounded man
was.....................

30. Generous
- Some rich people are.................... , but others are stingy.
- It is hoped that all will donate..................... for a good cause.
- Out of.................... , David often gives presents to the poor and the
unfortunate.

31. Sarcastic
- You honorable fellow! Mr. Lin said.................... to a dishonest
friend.
- Go ahead with your work. Dont mind the supervisors
remarks.
I would feel awkward whenever I heard something said
with.....................

32. Criticize
- I dont know why many people like to.....................others rather
than take a look at themselves.
- Students are students. You cant expect them to be perfect, so
dont be too.....................about their assignments.
- We should not be afraid of.................... as long as they are valid
and constructive.

33. Weigh
- 1 now .....................more than I used to.
167

- Helen is on a diet and is losing....................

- It is wise to.....................your words before speaking.
- The unexpected bad news is a.................... on her mind.
-

political issues must be carefully dealt with.

34. Value
- Some students considered their teachers advice.....................
- Smoking has no.....................to speak of though sm okers claim it
helps to calm a persons nevers.
- Jason has written a series of books of great.....................
- I hope you w ill.....................our friendship, which is too...................
to be measured.
* W henever something is.................... , dont hesitate to discard.

35. Decide
- There were so many good things that they could n ot....................
what to buy.
- The committee has made som e................. changes for the better
- The manager is expected to announce its final..................... soon.
- As a leader, you have to be m ore.....................; otherwise, you will
be a victim o f.....................

36. Forget
- Mother is getting older and has becom e rather.....................
- We went to a beautiful contryside and spent an ............. day there.
- I hope you have n ot.....................the time when we played and
studied together.

37. Continue
- There should be a .....................of a system if it is good and useful.
- our mind needs a.....................supply of blood.
- The rain has gone on.....................for three days.

168

38. Extend
- How can let the tree branches.................... to your neighbours
courtyard?
- There will be an.....................to the old hall so as to accommodate
more audience.
- Educated people today should read.................... in their free time.
- The housing abuthorities will carry out.................... repairing of
old apartments.
- With the passing o f the new law, the Presidents power will be
further.

39. Pretend
- I dont.....................to teach you social etiquette because you
know it much better than I.
- She made no.....................to have a good knowledge of such a
difficult subject.
- Beware of people obtaining money by false.....................
- Avoid using.....................language or it will sound artificial.
- Tom wanted me to lend him money under the.....................of
friendship.

40. Different
-

people think...................... Dont you agree?

- Nylon.....................from silk in quality and price.

- Since they could not come to a common view, they agreed to
- Jason and Sam belong t o .................... age groups.
- Can you describe some m ain.................... between football and
basketball?

41. Cultivate
- To promote culture, we have to.................... a knowledge of music
and arts.
169

- Land that stays.....................for a long time will becom e arid and

useless.
- The government is encouraging the.................... of natural
resources.
- A .....................person will be aware of good manners.

42. Visual
-

aids help promote the results of teaching and

learning.
- It is difficult to.....................a situation in which you have never
been before.
- The speaker..............described the journey by using colour slides.

43. Consum e
- Price increases are often passed on to.....................
- Contaminated food is unfit for hum an.....................
- Doing household chores could be tim e.................. and painstaking.

44. Negotiable
- The M inistry of M anpower has t o .....................with the civil
servants over the prospective salary cut.
- As far as I know, all cheques issued are non-transferable and
- According to the Personnel Manager, the starting salary is not
rigid; it is.....................
- The final agreement of merger between the two financial
companies came as a result of months of.....................

45. Likely
- Is there any.....................that Mr. Li will be our next Chief
Executive Officer?
- The Chinese team will be the m ost.....................team to win the
table tennis tournament.
170

- In this country, it is.................... for a person without a strong

background to be make a political leader.

46. Energy
- As a rule, the young have m ore.................... than the old.
- W henever he talked about his favourite topic, Tony Lin went
about i t .....................
- Many good athletes are..................... They can practice their skills
for hours without taking a rest.

47. Decorate
- The.....................said he would charge me 1,000 a room.
- During the festival.....................were hanging from every tree.

48. Demonstrate
- T h e .....................all sat down in the middle of the road.
- He offered to give me a .................... of how the machine worked.

49. Depend
- We are.....................on other countries for most of our food.
- Every year we celebrate our....................

50. Dictate
- The boss wants you to take some....................
- He acted in an extrem ely.................... manner, which made him
very unpopular.

51. Direct
- Are you sure were going in the right.................... ?
- She looked.....................at me as she said it.
- I had to look up the number in the telephone.....................
- Hitchcock is one of my favorite film ....................

171

52. Econom y
- My new car is m ore.................... than the one I had before.
- She studied.....................at uni\ ersity.
- On my salary we have to live as.................... as possible.
- If we dont .....................on electricity, there will be power cuts.

53. Electric
- He works as an.....................for a local firm.
- The price of.....................has gone up again.
- The fire was caused by an.....................fault in the television.
- He is a n .....................engineer.

54. Employ
- Last December the boss gave all his.....................a bonus.
- Ive been.....................since June. I must find work soon.
- Her.....................was so angry at her attitude that he fired her.
- He hoped the.....................agency would find him a job.

55. Enthusiasm
- They all cheered.....................as their team came out.
- Im afraid they werent very.....................about your idea of going
out this evening.

D. CO N VERTED W O R D S
Complete each o f the sentences with a suitable word from
the list. Be sure to use tlie correct noun form or verb form.
Example 1: If you have not done well now, you can .............again.
Answer: try
Example 2: Your idea may not work, but it is worth a .....................
Answer: try

172

Exercise 1
fall
drop

touch
drink

guess
escape

help
try

kick

knock

cut

1. Can you.....................what his name is?

2. The naughty b oy.....................the ball into the river.
3. Susan used a knife to.................... the rope.
4. You m ay.....................as much water as you like.
5. Dont walk along that slippery path; you m ight.....................
down.
6. H e.....................the puppy and it wagged its tail.
7. If you dont mind, I will.................... you do the exercise.
8. The carpenter is.....................a nail with a hammer.
9. In his hurry, h e.....................his cup of coffee.
10. Man is mortal. No one can.................... death.
11. Have another.....................Thank you!
12. She fell down and had a bad.................... on her knee.
13. Give the gate a good.................... to open it.
14. It is anybodys......... when the General Election will take place.
15. The publishing com pany has not printed many calendars
because o f a.....................in demand.
16. He felt th e.....................o f her hand on his shoulder.
17. When in trouble, my friend, David often comes to m y .................
18. Have you heard the.................... on the door?
19. As a result o f weak purchasing power, there is a further
.....................in sales.
20. The robber jum ped into a waiting car and made his.....................

173

Exercise 2
shiver
try
dress need

move
kick

help
drive
whisper

turn

voice

1. Before going to a job interview, you have to.....................up.

2. What kind o f..................... do you want to wear when going to
Bettys wedding dinner?
3. Do you.....................any assistance in this matter?
4. His w ife.....................him when he said som ething wrong.
5. Dont get off the bus while it is still.....................
6. The man approached his friend and.....................som ething into
his ear.
7. If you need any.................. , please dont hesitate to let me know.
8. Yes, h e...............a truck to deliver some goods to his customers.
9. This is a long journey; it is now your.................. to drive the car.
10. The desperate man was heard screaming at the top of
his..........

.......

11. A homeless child is standing outside the house, and is

.....................with cold and huger.
12. There is n o.....................for you to come if you dont want to.
13. If the gate wont open, just give it a .....................
14. Though quite well developed, Sus company is still on the
15. John turned to Jill and said something in a .....................
16. Jason offered to.....................us move the heavy furniture to the
storeroom.
17. At the com ing weekend, lets go for a ............... along the coast.
18. In an open society like ours, any person should be encouraged
t o ..................... his opinions.
19. The teacher.....................round to see if the pupils were
following him to the playground.
20. A ..................... ran through us when thinking o f the terrible
earthquake in some countries.
174

Exercise 3
wound
worry

try
copy

comfort
screech

order
smile

pay

attack

harm

1. Please.....................all the important points and put them down

in your notebook.
2. The gangster has received a bullet.................... in the right arm.
3. All the people are expected to observe the law and.................... of
a country.
4. The police are making an island-wide.................... on drug
dealers.
5. When Christine was sad for not getting a new contract, her
good friends.....................her.
6. W hat.....................us most is the threat of war that may occur in
some countries.
7. I enjoy this interesting work though the...............isnt very good.
8. There was a road accident last night; luckily, no one w as.............
9. On seeing a man looking fiercely at her, she................. in fright.
10. When we visited Helen, she welcomed us with a lovely
.....................on her face.
11. I have just got a ...............of Jasons new book. It is really good.
12. The bullet struck on the mans right arm and.....................him.
13. Mr D ickinson.................... the disobedient students to stand in
from o f the classroom.
14. Beware of your enemy, who w ill.................... you by surprise.
15. The priest said a few words of.................... to the dying man.
16. Enough is enough, I dont think I have m oney.....................
17. W henever you suddenly stop your car, there will be a
.....................o f brakes.
18. W hat.....................is there in staying up late once in a while?
19. For part-time teaching, every instructor is..............by the hour.
20. When Anna saw me at a distance, she.....................and waved
to me.

175

Exercise 4
mistake
sound

handle
joke

stop
sleep

hand
group

head

grip

try

1. Dont .....................my silence for my having no interest in this

matter.
2. Hold the kettle by the.....................
3. A sm all.....................of free-thinkers pressed the government for
more freedom of speech.
4. I dont see the.....................; it isnt funny at all.
5. Can you hear the.....................of footsteps outside the office?
6. New car types.....................the road well.
7. Dont go near the mad man; he has got a knife in his....................
8. Students from China are used to having a short.....................
after lunch.
9. W hen Betty asked for a days leave, the m anager nodded
his.....................in approval.
10. Dont risk your life by jum ping off the bus before it....................
11. In this essay, there are a few gram m atical.....................
12. Though it was a difficult situation, D avid..................... it very
well.
13. As a rule, the students here are.....................according to their
school exam ination results.
14. Because of power failure, work in some factories has come to
an abrupt..
15. The M inister for Trade ad Industry.....................a team of 20
representatives and arrived in China last night.
16. Last night, Janet had a nightm are and could n ot................ well.
17. W hen you finish reading the magazine, please..................... it
back to me.
18. The thief did not go of his.....................on the w om ans
handbag.
19. It............... as if the firm does not know how tot make money.
176

20. Some o f us like to.................... about the stupid things we used

to do.

Exercise 5
fan
watch
cover try

sight
finger
shoulder

break m an

hammer wonder

1. A security guard keeps.................... while others go for lunch.

2. People in the stadium w ere.................... themselves with pieces
of thick paper.
1

3. For someone o f his age, his.................... can be considered good.

4. Jaclyn ran her.....................through the sand on the beach.
5. Anything made o f plastic tends to.................... easily if not
handled with care.
6. In a city, air-conditioners seem to have taken over c e ilin g ..........
7. The sailors shouted joyfully when they.....................land.
8. She did not lay a .....................on her son even though he was
naughty.
9. The sun shone through a .................... in the clouds.
10. Last night, I enjoyed.................... a movie which I had seen 20
years ago.
11. If you are looking for a good administrator, this is the...............
12. Public housing residents are being asked to.....................the
costs o f the repairs.
13. You had better put a .................... on the cushion to prevent it
from getting dirty easily.
14. Can the new video room b e.................... by someone so that it
can be used without further delay?
15. W hat are those naughty students going to do now, I................. ?
16. With his coast over his.................... , the man hailed a taxi and
went to the airport.
17. The small girl felt shy and................her face with both hands.
18. M any tourists were filled w ith......... ...........at the sight of the
Great Wall in China.
177

19. He.....................some big nails into the wall and made it look
dirty and ugly.
20. We usually knock the head of a nail with a .....................

Exercise 6
toil iron move waste partition neglect ruin echo gaze
stuff_____________________________________________________________
1. A lot of people have gone through a life of.....................Ours is
very good, so do not complain.
2. Has the m aid.....................my shirt, which I need for tonights
party.
3. John has left the present job and is still thinking about his
next.....................
4. It took the workers the whole week to.....................off part of the
lobby to become a study.
5. You have been.....................for the whole day. Take a break.
6. We should never have done that as it was a total.....................of
time and money.
7. Didnt you tell me that you had.................... to your new office?
8. They want to have a .....................to turn the big office into two
smaller ones.
9. To make your clothes smooth, you need a good..
10. Dont.....................your money on those silly things!
11. W henever I said something loudly, there would be
an.....................in the big hall.
12. A quiet passenger sat a corner of the tr a in ,..................... out of
the window from time to time.
13. As Tom is highly interested in com puter games, he has been
....................."his work.
14. The continuous heavy rain has.....................many farm crops.
15. W ould you like som ething light or would you prefer some
solid.....................?

178

6. For lack o f maintenance, some buildings have fallen into

7. The voice.....................in the big empty room.
8. More and more people are complaining about the authorities
.................... of their duties.
9. She turned her head away, feeling very unnatural to meet a
strangers.....................from the other side.
0. The children have been.................... themselves with sweets
and cookies all morning.

ixercise 7
touch loan

raise

worry voice try request wear plan

market colour
. I am all right. D ont.....................
He had to speak at the top of his.................... , so that all the
people in the hall could hear him.
i. There will be a .....................in our salary in the new year.
All the overhead projectors have been.....................to lecturers.
. I still keep in .....................with my friends abroad.
!. Her parents m a in .....................is that she may not be used to
the foreign environment.
L Though a quiet person, Tom .................... his opinion at the
meeting.
Dont.....................the cake until you have washed both hands.
). Farmers.....................various domestic animals in their farms.
L0. Do you need a .....................for buying your new car?
LI. In this country, it is compulsory for a driver to.....................a
seat belt when driving.
12. Every book has illustrations in beautiful.....................
13. Everything has gone according to.....................
14 The families o f the victims have made an urgent.....................for
international aid.

179

15. If those books are properly..................... they should sell very

well.
16. You should have enough holiday.................... when going
abroad for a vacation.
17. More and more young girls.................... their hair red or
golden.
18. I like to go to a .....................where I can buy all the things
under the same roof.
19. Older teaching staff have.................... that the authorities treat
them humanely.
20. Some people have never.................... ahead; they always wait
and see what will happen next.

Exercise 8
stay favour overhaul design guard taste poison mark
hurry lock
1. Betty did all she could to win the bosss.....................
2. Have you seen the.....................for the new university?
3. There are dogs in big buildings to.....................against intruders.
4. It is quite expensive to.................... a car.
5. After a minor operation, Mr. Baker had a short.....................at
home.
6. Most people did not.....................unduly strict traffic rules.
7. An architect is a professional that.....................buildings.
8. There are security.....................at all the banks and big
buildings.
9. New fashions such as coloured hair are here to .....................
10. James gave his 20 - year - old car a thorough.....................
11. Do you like the.....................of durians?
12. All confidential documents are kept under..................... and key.
13. Have you heard the proverb: one mans meat is another mans
?

ln

4. The 31*1 o f December of 1999.................... the end of the 20th

century.
.5. In the final examination of the English paper, thr highest
.................... is 78%
[6. He parked the car near the r o a d ,.................... it, and when to
the shop.
17. In her................ to leave the office, Nancy tripped over a chair.
18. Several cases o f food.................... have been reported.
19. The moment he.....................the food, he liked it very much.
20. I wonder why N ancy.................... down the street.

Exercise 9
notice scream
struggle
try
contact offer
brush
arrest

rescue

heap

shock

1. Have you.....................the typing errors in your essay?

-2. Either party may terminate the contract upon three m onths
3. Sam turned down the jo b .................... for some personal reasons.
4. There is very little.....................between the two rival companies.
5. It.................... us to hear about the large number of victims in
the earthquake.
6. Old newspaper lay in .................... along the corridor.
7. The firem en.....................some residents from the blaze.
8. After a short period of.................... . the thief surrendered.
9. The childs continuous.................... frightened the people nearby.
10. A com puter com pany has ju st.................... a job to David.
11. If you have anything else to discuss with me, please feel free
to.....................me.
12. When a masked robber rushed into the shop, the shoppers.,
and fled.
13. In backward countries, people.................... for survival.
14. Seeing the dowming boy, a passer-by went to his.....................

181

15. The sudden death of minister came as a great.....................toui

tall.
16. Rubbish collectors.................... the rubbish at the back of the
truck.
17. The public information led to the.....................of some
drugtakers.
18. Every morning, I give my hair a quick.....................before I get
dressed.
19. W e.....................our teeth every morning and every night.
20. It was reported that the leader of the gangsters
w as.....................late last night.

Exercise 10
increase
signal
knock
tip
rush polish
pause
dress

hurry

try

finish

1. Helen got.....................and then went out in a hurry.

2. In an opera, the actors and actresses put on ............... of old days.
3. The runner.....................for a rest and then went on running
down the road.
4. A visitor came and there was a .....................in the group
discussion in class.
5. To make the car shine, you must use the car.....................
properly.
6. Your leather shoes look dusty; they need.....................witho it
further delay.
7. Seeing the ice-cream hawker, the children.....................out into
the street.
8. There was a b ig .....................for buying specially designed toys
in a fast-food shop.
9. I have.....................doing my assignm ent before dinner.
10. Patriotic soldiers will fight to the.....................until they win he
battle.
182

11. The boy.................... across the road without paying much

attention to cars.
12. A person tends to make mistakes if he does things in a
13. Mr. Jackson has been widely.................... as the next Prime
Minister.
14. We are not in the habit of giving.................... to waiters or
waitresses.
15. There is a .....................on the door. Who is it?
16. Please.....................on the door before entering the office.
17. There is an.....................in the university intake.
18. When the incom e.................... , the expenses will go up, too.
19. The traffic policem an.................... the motorists to move in the
direction indicated.
20. A red light is often used as a.................... of danger or
emergency.

E. C O M P O U N D W O R D S
A compound word is made up o f two or more words. It
expresses a fixed m eaning and may belong to one o f two
patterns:
1. Main word + subordinating word, where the former indicates
the nature o f the latter like ill-treat, kind-hearted, blackboard.
2. main word + main word when two words are having the same
value like raincoat, whitewash, life-long.
A compound word may be noun, adjective or verb in nature.
A. Complete each of the sentences with a suitable compound noun
from the list. Use the plural form, where necessary.

183

Exercise 1

breakout

oversight
outbreak

make-up

intake

comeback

setback
income

takeover
upkeep

1. There was a .....................at the prison a few days ago and the
prisoner is still at lager.
2. That banking com pany has changed a lot since th e....................
3. Our football team has 9...................... but t has won five games.
4. Because o f an unfortunate...................... Johns letter was left
unanswered.
5. In this country, it seems not easy for a defeated politician to
stage a .....................
6. Although Mr Hill has a god m onthly....................., he is often
short of money.
7. A private apartment is comfortable to live in, but its
m onthly.....................is high.
8. To maintain their competitiveness, the universities here have
increased their.....................of foreign scholars.
9. At the.....................of the war between the two neighbouring
countries, foreign companies pulled out their investments.
10. Women in an urban area m ore.....................than those living in
villages.

Exercise 2
by-product

uptake

lay-off

look-over

outlook

offshoot

bypass
outcry

change-over
outcome

1. During the Asian financial turmoil, there were more and more
.....................in factories and big companies.
2. They are busy and have only a little bit of time to give the new
apartment a quick.....................
3. Pedestrians are advised to use the.....................to avoid the big
crowds in the street.
184

4. According to newspaper reports, those with an optimistic

.....................on life may live longer.
5. We dropped Genice some hints, but she seemed slow on the
6. Silver is often obtained as a.................... during the separation of
lead from rock.
7. The government has drawn on the experience of other countries
in making the.................... to a new election system.
8. W henever the government raised any form of taxes, the people
would raise a n .....................
9. This pawnshop is an.................... of a financial company.
10. After the final examination, all the students are waiting for
the.....................of their efforts.

Exercise 3
overcoast
outlay
turnover

downpour
cutback

downfall
layout

shake-up
upturn

outlet

1. Many open-air workers were caught in a .................... early this

morning.
2. According to the recent trade report, there has been an
encouraging.
3. For a big scientific research, the.................... will be big too.
4. Bad business often leads to a.................... in new investment.
5. Everybody needs an.................... for his hidden emotions.
6. Mr. Brow ns com pany has done very well; its.....................has
increased steadily.
7. Designed by Sam, the.................... of the new apartment is very
impressive.
8. W ith the departure of two ministers, there will be a
cabinet.....................soon.
9. Some em perors in the past behaved dictatorially, causing their
ultim ate.....................
185

10. In a cold weather, dont forget to put on your..................... when

you go out.

Exercise 4
hold-up
comedown

beakthrough
tie-up
w rite-off

bystander
stand-by

show dow n
by-election

upsurge

1. From my long teaching experience, I dont think there is any

significant.....................in language teaching.
2. Every motorist keeps a spare tyre in his car as a .....................
3. There will be a .....................to select a new m ember of
parliament t replace the one who has resigned.
4. Once in a while, there is an arm ed.....................in an isolated
location.
5. To increase competitiveness, some small com panies resorted to
a business.....................
6. Helen used to have servants work for her, but now she has to
do the housework herself. She considers it a .....................
7. Since last year, there has been a great.....................in foreign
trade for many international companies.
8. There is a possible.....................between the m anagem ent and
the labour union over new terms of service.
9. To find out more about the street fire, the police asked some
.....................about it.
10. W hen a car is badly damaged in an accident, it will be treated
as a .....................

Exercise 5
byway

draw back

undergraduate

lookout

walkout

afterthought

byword

outburst

after-care______________ u nd ercu rren t______

1. Though some patients were discharged from hospital, they
needed a period o f.....................
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2. Everything looks fine, but there is a strong.................... of

discontent.
3. You can go to the post office by using this.................... . which is a
time-saving shortcut.
4. The police are co nstantly on the.................... for criminals,
especially drug- pedlars.
5. Despite some m in o r.................... , the plan as a whole is good and
praiseworthy.
6. The cruel generals name has become a .................... for cruelty.
7. We call a university student an..................... dont we?
8. This simple idea came to me as an.................... ; it may not be
worthy of your consideration.
9. The disagreement over working conditions gave rise to an
unexpected.....................
10. Peters outrageous remarks were met by an................. .. of fury.

Exercise 6
breakdown

bill-collector

splashdown

sell-out

w alkover

school-leaver

m atch-m aker

problem -solver
run-through

fallout

1. Mr. W ashington was very shy. He got married not through free
love but through a ....................
2. A .....................must be very patient and tactful in collecting
money from debtors.
3. M ost.....................and university graduates are keen on getting
good jobs to live a good life.
4. If you have any difficulty, you can see Jason, who is known as a
helpful.....................
5. In a chaotic situation, one can see nothing but a complete
..................... of law and orde^.
6. There must be some good measures to keep out the.....................
after a nuclear explosion.
7. Do you need any.....................before the actual performance?
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8. When a person on the payroll f the company is working for the

benefits o f another company, he will be accused of a .....................
9. The spaceship has made a successful.....................in the Pacific
ocean.
10. The ruling party was so strong that it had a .....................in the
General Election.

Exercise 7
hen-pecked

stem-driven

bed-ridden

sunburnt

man-m ade poverty-stricken

smoke-filled

windblown horse-pulled

breast-fed

1. Quite a few scenic spots in this country do not naturally exist

but a r e .....................
2. Though we are now in the 21st century, many people in the
world are still illiterate and.....................
3. I feel bad whenever I see my wife cooking for hours in the
.....................kitchen.
4. The fishermen came home with disheveled and..................... hair.
5. Can you mention some of the machines which are still
?

6. On our roads today, we cannot see any.....................cart or other

outdated means o f transport.
7. Chronically ill persons tend to b e.....................and have a feeling
o f inertia.
8. According to d o cto rs,.....................babies will grow healthier and
happier. Do you think so?
9. W orking for a long time in the open air, many workers look
dark w it h .....................skin.

188

E xercise 8
time- consum ing
soul-searching
law-abiding

thought-provoking
peace-loving
life-giving

heart-breaking
labour-saving
awe-inspiring

1. Generally speaking, people in this country are very obedient

and.....................
2. I have finished compiling a small dictionary; the work is really
tough and.....................
3. A good teacher knows how to give students.....................ideas
leading to creative thinking.
4. Almost all appliances we use at home today are convenient and
5.......................people will never tolerate a big country attacking a
small one.
6. After a long period in the desert, the water he drank was really
7. Is it worthwhile going through a.................... discussion about
such trivial matters?
8. Good political leaders are............ , while bad politicians are not.
9. W henever you have problems with your friends, it is better to
have som e.....................moments to see what goes wrong.
10. The parents collapsed when they heard the.....................news
about their loved ones serious accident.

Exercise 9
good-for-nothing

step-by-step

touch-and-go

happy-go-lucky

behind-the scenes

out-of-date

on-the-job

well-to-do

live-and -let-live

hit -an d-ru n

1. To raise the effectiveness of teaching, you have to change your

.....................methods and techniques.
2. Peter is a .....................fellow; he is never serious of purpose and
has never done anything properly.
189

3. Her family is......................Her parents have a big com pany and

possess a lot of money.
4. The situation near the warring border is risky; it is.....................
5. There are more and m ore.................... motorists. It is important
that something be done to improve the situation.
6. Once a graduate decides to become a teacher, he or she will be
given a year o f.....................training.
7. TV 3 cook is giving a .....................dem onstration of cooking a
special dish.
8. It is imperative for all to adopt a.....................policy, so that all
will live harm oniously and peacefully.
9. Though Mr. Freeman has stepped down, he still has a
.....................influence on the business.
10. Some people have never worried, but have been .....................

Exercise 10
la r g e -s c a le

s h o r t-lis te d

s e c o n d -h a n d

s h o r t-s ig h te d

la s t-m in u te

lo n g -t e r m

s e c o n d -r a t e
t o p -n o t c h

s h o r t-liv e d ______ lo n g -d is t a n c e _______________________________

1. Not many people can afford to stay in a .....................hotel, as it
is very expensive.
2. As Harry cannot afford a new luxurious car, he has bought a
good.....................one.
3. There should not be any.....................charge in the newly
proposed plan.
4. A good policy should aim at the.....................benefits of the
people.
5. With the im provem ent in the world economy, some com panies
all set for.....................business activities abroad.
6. It is very.....................not to spend money on renovating your
apartment so as to raise its value.
7. There are many applications for the advertised job, but only
.....................candidates will be called for an interview.
190

8. Some workers riots were.................... due to the shortage of good

leaders and good organisation.
9. I seldom go to the cinema today and I don like to se any
.....................film.
10. It seems not expensive to make.................... calls to other
countries.

F. C O N F U S IN G W O R D S

Exercise 1
1. Please tell me an....................... story, (interested/ interesting)
2. She earns a high..................... as an accountant, (salary / wages)
3. Wendy could eat.................... because she left sick.(a little/ little)
4. France is......................... European country, (a/an)
5. His.......... was reduced to seventy pounds a week, (salary/wages)
6. The bad smell made me feel........................ (sick/ill)
7. She entertained us with a lot of.......... stories, (amusing/amused)
8. I cant think o f th e..................... word to describe him. (just/exact)
9. My granny cooks a really.........................meat pie. (tasty/tasteful)
10. Please b e......................... to the customers, (police/gentle)

Exercise 2
1. You have to b e ......................... to service the army, (hard/likeable)
2. Youll get on well with her. Shes really.....(sympathetic/likeable)
3. He got a medal for being so....................... (brave/nice)
4. Michiyo is really......................... about fresh food, (difficult/fussy)
5. Have you ever taught really....................... children? (lively/vital)
6. Long skirts are th e......................... children? (lively/vital)
7. Theyre no money. Theyre terribly....................... (poor/miserable)
8. Hes not very clever; in fact, hes a bit......................... (dull/dim)
9. The hours are long and the food is......................... (bad/evil)

191

10. Shes very,

with her money. Oarge/generous)

Exercise 3
1. I gave the child a ......................... on my back. (rideAift)
2. Can you give me a ........................to the station? (rideAift)

3. Som eone........................my car. (robbed/stole)

4. A gang........................the bank, (robbed/stole)
5. We were very................... for your assistance, (thankful/graceful)
6. I w as......................... to get out of this room, (thankful/graceful)
7. Hes......................... rich now. (two/very)
8. She told them ................... what had happened, (shortly/briefly)
9. Its raining, as......................... (usual/ usually)
10. H e......................... to go. (accepted/agreed)

Exercise 4
1. Guesthouses w ith......... are often hard to find, (vacations/vacancies)
2. I looked for a sign which said Room s................ (To let/ To rent)
3. I like a room with its ow n......................... (tolet/cabinet)
4. Or at least with a ................. where I can shave (washbasin/sink)
5. and I prefer it to be on the ground........................(stage/ floor)
6. A ......................... with a view, (camera/room)
7. of the surrounding..............is what I like best. (countrysideAand)
8. A holiday hotel should have a friendly............(manager/director)
9. Who welcomes the......................... at all times, (guests /clients)
10. Unfortunately, the best hotels are alw ays................( full/filled)

Exercise 5
1. Please..........................me in! (makeAet).
2. Our team is going to........................the championship, (win/beat)
3. Where were you........................? (borne/born)
4. Those who agree, please......................... their hands, (raise/rise)
5. W hat would you..........................? (advice/advise)
6. Open the window. I cant............ ! (breath/breathe)
192

7. The greatest problems are poverty and...............(disease/decease)

8. Were not......................... on anybody, (dependant/dependent)
9. Wipe up the mess with this.........................( cloth/clothe)
10. W eve got some n ic e ...................cakes, (housemade/homemade)

Exercise 6
1. Please................. me to give back her pencil, (remember/remind)
2. Rubies........................in Thailand and Cambodia, (are/ are found)
3. I have..................... to go with you to the party, (agreed/accepted)
4. The bumps on the road made me................... down and skin my
knee, (fell/fall)
5. I am trying to........................to the music, (hear/listen)
6. I am going t the store to.........................milk, (take/buy)
7. Japanese lanterns are usually.......... paper, (made from/made of)
8. Fred wants t o ......................... down for a short nap. (lay/lie)
9. I will be unable to.....................in todays activities.
(take place/take part)
10. I ......................... some money for the milkman in that envelope
this morning (put/ keep)

Exercise 7
1. Ill see you........................ten minutes, (in/after)
2. I arrived first and Tom arrived......................... (after/later)
3. Were expecting h er......................... afternoon.(this/todav)
4. She invited us, so we must invite her....................... (again/back)
5. He hasnt phoned......................... (still/yet)
6. I learnt to ride a bik e......................... I was a boy. (as/when)
7. Ill see you......................... March (at/in)
8. Ill see you..........................Monday (at/on)
9. Liz-youre wanted on the phone!......................... (coming/At one)
10. I met him three years......................... (ago/ before)

193

Exercise 8
1. Knock before............ enter, (you/to)
2. I was a chauffeur then.......... I was a waiter. (Before that/ before)
3. Ive been a w aiter......................... three years, (during/for)
4. Dont worry. Shell learn to spell very......................... ( early /soon)
5. What happened......................... the end of the story? (in/at)
6. We missed the train a n d ....................... we got a taxi, (in the end/
at last)
7. Everything was stolen......................... our clothes, (still/even)
8. Ill call on you this......................... between 6 and 7 p.m.
(afternoon/evening)
9. That was his..................... wish before he died, (eventual / final)
10. I have......................... trusted him. (ever/never)

Exercise 9
1. Have you ever seen the................at Cologne? (dome/ cathedral)
2. Lets have our meal on the....................... (roof/ terrace)
3. W hat does it coast to rent a sm all........................? (room/camera)
4. That cuphard takes up too m uch........................(place/room )
5. How much is that shirt in the....................... ? (vitro/window)
6. Theres an ................ staircase leading to the roof.
(outside/exterior)
7. T he....................floor is one up from the basem ent, (first/ground)
8. W heres mother? - Shes ......................... (downstairs/down)
9. Theres an A nglican.......................... in Athens (church/ temple)
10. Its up th e......................... and on the first floor, (ladder/stairs)

Exercise 10
1. I tried to.................. him that the was wrong, (convince/persuade)
2. I tried to........................him to buy a new car (convince/persuade)
3. W hats the........................of this jacket? (price/cost)
4. He asked what it......................... (priced/cost)
5. He gave me good......................... (advice/advices)

194

I. Shes still sitting in the............(dark/ darkness)

J. The room was in total......................... ( dark/darkness)
5. Five p e o p le ............ (downed/sank)
). The boat......................... (drowned/sank)
LO......................... the bus arrived. (At the end/in the end)

Exercise 11
1. Summer is a good tim e................. the family, (to be with/to have)
2 .1 took.............on the thief who stole my watch, (avenge/ revenge)
3. It takes practice, patience and perseverance to
speak English, (learn / teach)
4. Sheila plans to......................... at Harvard next year, (learn/study)
5. I......................... how to use a word processor, (learn/ know)
6. Remember to......the garbage in the morning, (take off /take out)
7. He does not.............spaghetti very much, (take care of / care for)
8. Carol......................... that she would travel abroad this summer.
(said/told)
9. The telephone w as........................by Alexander Graham Bell.
(invented/ discovered)
10. Sally......................... gloves before she goes out to the garden.
(wears/puts on)

Exercise 12
1. Have you finished your breakfast................. ? (already/all ready)
2. Dont worry about me. Ill b e....................... (all right/alright)
3. Ill expect you to ring me tom orrow................. (All right/Alight)
4. Shes.................. com plaining about som ething.(always/all ways)
5.........................o f those dates will be suitable. (anyone/Anyone)
6. Im going to the beach for a ............ (swim/bath)
7.............. the would in warm water. (Bath/Bathe)
8. Keep your foot on the........................(break/brake)
9. Businessmen usually w ear....................... (costumes/suits)
10. Most o f my fam ily are....................... (died/dead)

195

Exercise 13
1.My old aunt is ....................... (dead/death)
2..They crossed the Sahara.....................by camel, (desert/ dessert)

3. Most people are afraid o f......................... (dieing/ dying)

4. I ring my m other......................... (everyday / every day)
5. There are......................... people in our office, (fiveteen / fifteen)
6. The river has..................... this way for centuries, (flown/flowed)
7. Look! I......................... this coin in the garden, (found/founded)
8. How do you write ......................... ? (forty-four / fourty-four)
9. They say......................... mad. (his/ hes)
10. Have you given the cat......................... milk? (its/ its)

Exercise 14
1. Our hens ju st......................... an egg. (lain/ laid)
2. Lets......................... on the grass, (lie/ lay)
3. How long have you been......................... there? (lyingAaying)
4. Id like to......................... in the country, (live/life)
5. Dont......................... your ticket! (looseAose)
6. W hat time did you....................... home? (live/ leave)
7. Did you near that......................... sound? (aloudAoud)
8. Dont talk so........................! (loud/ aloud)
9........................... theyre out. (Maybe/ may be)
10. Have you ......................... her yet? (meet / met)

Exercise 15
1. He broke his......................... in two places- above the ankle and
below the hip (footAeg)
2. Trisha is in th e......................... of running early in the morning.
(habit/custom)
3. In a m oment the moon w o u ld ......................... (rise /raise)
4. I hurt m y.................... when the brick fell on my shoe, (leg/foot)
5. W hat is th e......................... o f this painting? (price/cost)
6. A ninth floor apartm ent is the place I call............ (house/ home)
196

7. He jum ped in the window and landed on the.............

(ground/ floor)
8. Immigration from Europe is an important part of
Canadian......................... (history/ story)
9. In English class we are studying a......................... by
Wordsworth, (poetry/poem)
10. He jum ped out o f the window and landed on the....
(ground/floor)

Exercise 16
1. What is the............ fashion from Paris? (latest/last)
2. The lake water is......................... in the morning before people
begin swimming (clear/clean)
3. Stay tuned for.........................instructions, (father/further)
4. Take......................... day as it comes, (every/each)
5. Derek is......................... for his age. (big/old)
6. My father is 180 centim eters............(tall/ high)
7. My friend W anda is......................... than me. (elder/older)
8. Gladys w as........ to hear of her friends misfortune, (sorry/angry)
9. My grandfather is two years...................... than my grandmother.
(bigger/older)
10. My Austin Hotel is the...........building in town, (oldest/ eldest).

Exercise 17
1. My sister is an excellent......................(cook/cooker)
2. The food was warm ing in a saucepan on the......................
(cook/cooker)
3. The coach w as...................... for about five hours.
(delayed/cancelled)
4. The perform ances w ere......................because the leading man
was ill (delayed /cancelled)
5. He....................... that he was involved, (denied/refused)
6. There em ployees were dismissed for.......................to join a union.
(denying/ refusing)

197

7. His first w ife......................from cancer in 1971 (died/dyed)

8. She mixed finely pounded indigo leaves to...................... her cloth
deep blue, (die / dye)
9. He wanted to prevent science from being......................
(unused/misused)
10. A pile of......................fuel lay nearby, (unused /misused)

Exercise 18
1. M o s t ......................do not want to pay sales tax. (people/men)
2. Put the ring on the fourth................. of the left hand, (toel finger)
3. This alley was the................*..... of the crime, (scenery/scene)
4. Who is the......................standing next to Fred? (wife/ woman)
5. Several chemicals are known to......................cancer to develop.
(cause/ reason)
6. H e......................around the campus on the bicycle, (rode / drove)
7. Im going to the beach for a......................(swim / bath)
8. Keep your foot on the......................(break / brake)
9. They crossed the Sahara......................by camel, (desert /dessert)
10. Businessmen usually were.......................(costumes / suits)

Exercise 19
1. Take......................your coat, (of / off)
2. Its ju st.................. the post office, (past / passed)
3. Youv e......................too much for that bike, (payed / paid)
4. Have you......................the flowers? (paid for / paid)
5. The teacher asked the class to b e......................(quite / quiet)
6. Shes still too small t o ......................to table, (rich / reach)
7. Do you ever see them? .....................(some times / sometimes)
8......................all mine? (There / Theyre)
9. I cant find......................coats, (there / their)
10. John will be arriving here......................? (till / by)

198

Exercise 20
1. The experience wasnt so bad..................... (finally / after all)
2. I couldnt understand English at all.................. (firstly / at first)
3. Its......................first time Ive driven a car on my own.
4........................first time I met Harry, he was in the army.
5. W hat......................should we meet?
6. Ill see you tomorrow at 10..................... (hour / oclock)
7. Can I borrow your car? How lo n g ..................... ?
8. Please w ait......................(a moment / an instant)
9. Who phone......................? (just / just now)
10. I cant wait to get to the..................... chapter! (last / lastest)

Exercise 21
1. She phoned m e......................Monday, (last / the last)
2. My name com es......................in the list, (last / lastly)
3. We havent seen much of you..................... Gate / lately)
4. Shell call some tim e..................... the evening. Gong / during)
5. Im afraid I cant stay..................... Gong / much)
6. Ill be with you in ......................moment. (- / a)
7. It......................an hour to get to the airport, (needs / takes)
8. We traveled......................night, (at / the)
9. Shes not free to see us till..................... week, (the other / next)
10. I only ever met h er..................... (once / on time)

Exercise 22
1. We are rather........... about the way we cook, (careless / carefree)
2. She had been lively and..................... (careless / carefree)
3. My father......................us on his shoulders, (carried / took )
4. She gave me some books to..................... home, (carry / take)
5. Her recipe was passed on to the......................(chef / chief)
6. He is the.............. of the Presidential Security Corps, (chef / chief)
7. He can be extrem ely understanding and kind one minute, and
completely unreasonable and......................the next, (childish /
childlike)
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8. She looked at me with her big,......................eyes, (childish /

childlike)
9. London is th e......................example of the scattered city, (classic I
classical)
10. I spend a lot of time reading and listening to...................... music.
(classic / classical)

Exercise 23
1. Can you......................the airplane in the sky? (see / look)
2. Eric......................to drink the medicine, (refused / dinied)
3. Her testim ony................. me that he is guilty, (persuaded /
convinced)
4. Are you...................... at the airplane in the sky? (seeing / looking)
5. I ......................my textbook for one hour every evening (read /
study)
6. The picture w as......................over the fireplace, (hung / hanged)
7. Do not......................the string of the kite, (leave / let go off)
8. When you come i n , ......................your wet clothes at the door.
(take out / take off)
6. He decided to.................. his wife and live alone, (give up / leave)
10. The library w ill......................me a book, (borrow / lend)

Exercise 24
1. Remember that......................day of the week has its problems.
(each / every)
2. Wanda and Bill are my friends. The...................... I met after
finishing high school (latter / later)
3. They should be returning......................(shortly / briefly)
4. Antiseptic soap is the best way to keep your han ds......................
(clear / clean)
5. July 15 was t h e ...................... day of school. Oast / latest)
6. The movie gave m e......................jitters, (angry / nervous)
7. Paul becam e...................... when he heard that he would not get
the raise (angry /' sorry)
200

8. W ould you lik e ......................bread ? (some / any)

9. My old aunt is......................(dead / death)
10. Dont......................your ticket! (loose / lose)

Exercise 25
1........................table tops mark easily. (Glass / Glassy)
2. She fixed me with a ..................... stare, (glass / glassy)
3. How much would you have to pay for a......................watch? (gold
/ golden)
4. Silence is......................(gold / golden)
5. We danced by the light of the..................... moon, (silver/silvery)
6. My mother has a lovely old..................... teapot, (silver/ silverly)
7. Theres an old......................wall at the end of the garden, (stone /
stony)
8. Its impossible to cultivate s u c h ......................soil, (stone / stony)
9........................cutlery is very practical. (Steel / Steely)
10. Dr Mangold has such terrifying......................blue eyes, (steel /
steely)

Exercise 26
1. I wouldnt drink water that flows through......................pipes.
(lead / leaden)
2. Under a grey sky, the sea looked heavy and......................(lead /
leaden)
3. Take a ......................cardigan with you in case it gets cold (wool /
w oolen )
4. You might find one in a......................shop, (wool / woolen)
5. They specialize in ......................goods, (wool, woolen)
6. Use a .............spoon if you want to stir the soup, (wood / wooden)
7. Im looking for a ......................with a higher salary, (job / work )
8. They went on a lo n g .................. around Africa, (travel / journey)
9. The students had some English......................to do (home work /
housework)
10. H e...................... down on the sand and went to sleep, (lay / laid)
201

Exercise 27
1. A ......................lists the time of classes, etc. (timeable / schedule)
2. When schools close, the children are on...................... (leave /
holiday)
3. Children who live in a school are called......................(pensioners
/ boarders)
4. The head o f a school could be called the...................... (principal /
principle)
5. A school for the very young is a ......................(kindergarten /
n u rsery)
6. The function of a school is t o ......................children, (educate /
bring u p )
7. You can remove mistake with a......................(gum / rubber)
8. A ......................describes the activities of a school, (prospectus I
prospect)
9. Have you seen the new ......................for the exams? (programme I
syllabus)
10. A student might win one of t h e s e ......................(a premium /
prize)

Exercise 28
1. You would do an......................in a laboratory, (experience /
experiment)
2. Alexander Flem ing......................penicillin, (discovered /
invented)
3. Some students learn languages w ith.............(convenience / ease)
4. W ere building a car in o u r ......................(laboratory / workshop)
5. A fter......................you can attend university, (gym nasium /

grammar school)
6. The children sat o n .......... to watch the match, (benches / banks)
7. W ere...................... for the football match, (training / drilling )
8. Write your answers on t h i s ......................(protocol / sheet)
9. You might receive......................at the end of each term, (a
reference / a report)

202

10. Universities can only

a few students, (admit / receive)

Exercise 29
1. I need to pass my Cambridge First......................(Certificate /
Diploma)
2. Shes got a ......................to do French at Oxford, (position / place)
3. Teachers......................so many exercise books! (note / mark)
4. Our course provides you w ith..................... . experience.
(practicable / practical)
5. You do this before you can take an exam ......................(revision /
repetition)
6. High......................requires capital investment, (technique /
technology)
7. Different......................have edited Shakespeare, (scholars /
students)
8. W hat......................did you get for the spelling test? (mark /
degree)
9. She! I want to listen to t h e ..................... (conference / lecture )
10............ ..........lesson are very expensive. (Particular / Private )

Exercise 30
1. I......................down what the teacher said, (marked / noted)
2. My essay was illustrated with a................... (disagram / scheme)
3. Few people add to the sum of hum an......................(sicience /
knowledge)
4. No one like to......................an exam, (fail / lose)
5. History s my favourite......................at school, (topic / subject)
6

is treated like any other school subject.

(Gymnastics / Exercise)

is the most difficult of all subjects. (Physic /

Physics)

8. Discipline is the b e s t ......................(politics / policy)

9. I dont know how mistakes like this can......................( rise / arise)
10. Its hard to......................into university, (get / enter)
203

Exercise 31
1. They say nasty things about her................her back, (at / behind)
2. Do you believe......................God? (to / in)
3. Il l ......................you to Spain with me when I go. (bring / take)
4. He shot the bird......................an arrow, (by / with)
5. She has a daughter......................her first marriage, (by / from)
6. He had two children......................his first marriage, (by / from)
7. Because she worked hard she......................pass the exam, (could
/ was able to)
8. He drove down the......................of the road, (center / middle)
9. I was so busy I had no...............to talk to her. (occasion / chance)
10. We met on several......................(occasions / chances)

Exercise 32
1. They charged him ......................murder, (for / with)
2. They charged me $200................... painting the room, (for / with)
3. I have three......................that need washing, (clothes / gaments)
4. She put on her oldest......................(cloth / gaments)
5. I washed the car w ith......................(a clothe/ clothes)
6. They......................a burglary, (made / committed)
7. She......................an error, (made / committed)
8. Milan is......................of Naples, (in the north / to the north)
9. Milan i s ...................... of Italy, (in the north / to the north)
10. The N orm ans............... England in 1066. (captured / conquered)

Exercise 33
1. They charged him ......................murder, (for / with)
2. The towers have a great......................on the sound of the bells.
(influence / effect)
3. Joe is an...................... student, (intelligent / intellectual)
4. W hos your...................... friend? (intelligent / intellectual)
5. I could not help feeling......................discomfort, (intense /
intensive)

204

6........................ training courses are provided by the local

authority. (Intense / Intensive)

T,

7. Ive met some very......................people, (interested / interesting)

8. Im very......................in birds, (interested / interesting)
9. They find this situation..................... (intolerable / intolerant)
10. She is......................by nature, (intolerable / intolerant)
i

Exercise 34
1. I was ten m inutes.................. for my appointment, (late / lately)
2. As you know, Iv e.................... been dabbing in psychology.
(late /lately)
3. Take the top sheet and..................... it in the center of the bed.
(lay / lie)
4. I......................in bed in the dormitory. Qay / lie)
5. We worked......................slaves, (as / like)
6. I can only speak......................a married man without children.
(as / like)
7. They wouldnt......................me! (hear / listen to)
8. That was the first time Id ever......................Jim Hendrix.
(heard / listened to)
9. Many wore......................clothes, (lose / loose)
10. I do not want to......................my job. (lose / loose)

Exercise 35
1. Our landlady greeted us.................. in French, (bright / brightly)
2. The moon was shining so......................, we decided to go out.
(bright / brightly)
3. Industrial goods are often p rod u ced ......................in developing
countries, (cheap / cheaply )
4. You can buy fresh vegetable......................at the market, (cheap /
cheaply)
5. They broke the window, stole what was on display and
got......................away, (clean / cleanly)

205

6. With one stroke, he cut the log..................... down the middle.

(clean / cleanly)
7. Hes in a bad mood and Im going to s t a y ...................... of him for
a while, (clear / clearly)
8. Write your n a m e ......................at the bottom of the form, (clear /
clearly)
9. We cancelled our insurance policy and that cost us
......................(dear / dearly)
10. Vve really p a id ......................for our mistake, (dear / dearly)

Exercise 36
1........................ you press the eject button, then you load the tape.
(First / Firstly)
2. I was so exhausted, I could only lie......................on my back, (flat
/ flatly)
3. S h e ...................... denies he has anything to do with his business.
(flat / flatly)
4. W e...................... appreciate your support during this difficult
period, (full / fully)
5. He had a fight at school and was p u n ch e d ...................... in the
face, (full / fully)
6. Planes com ing in to land have to fly......................over the
buildings, (low / lowly)
7. He began life as a......................bank clerk and rose to the
position of chairman, (low/ lowly)
8. I suppose you expect me to s m ile ......................at the camera.
(pretty / prettily)
9. With a job and that salary, youre s ittin g ...................... (pretty /
prettily)
10. You d i d ...................... in refusing payment for giving them
advice, (right / rightly)

Exercise 37
1. I will speak.............. aging society at the conference, (about / for)

206

2. I am expecting the order to com e............ Wednesday, (at / in/on)

3. We visited friends......................Paris, (at / in)
4. I will wait for you......................the corner, (at / to)
5. Is anyone else hot......................me? (besides / beside)
6. She spent her holiday cooking................... the kitchen, (in / into)
7. I always go to bed...................... 11:00 p.m (on / in / at)
8. The bus will arrive......................five minutes, (meaning, after
the end o f five minutes) (within / in)
9. Go and stand......................Mary and Jeff, (between / among)
10. Gasoline is priced......................84 yen a litre, (for /at)

Exercise 38
1. Ben bought a bicycle..................... $ 20.00. (for /at)
2. I have been hom e......................Christmas Day. (since / from)
3. Karen and I w alked......................the park and back, (to / till)
4. She wanted a new hat......................any price, (at / for)
5. The best weather is......................the autumn, (in / on / at)
6. Alex stood.................. her during the ceremony, (beside / besides)
7. She w alked......................the living room and answered the
phone, (into / in)
8. I will take my driving exam ..................... a week, (after / in)
9. My mother lets me stay u p ..................... mine oclock (till / to)
10. It was her turn to......................the car. (ride / drive)

Exercise 39
1. They...................... the theatre, (entered / entered into)
2. I try to b e ................ with my pupils, (familiar / on friendly terms)
3. The Costa Brava is a ................... tourist area, (known / famous)
4. The Cost Brava is.................. as a tourist area, (known / famous)
5. He was a ...................... murderer, (famous / notorious)
6. Sheila is a ...................... relation of mine, (far / distant)
7. At last h e...................... the truth, (found / found out)
8. I ......................the job quite a challenge, (find / find out)

207

9.She was sitting on the..................... in the kitchen, (ground / floor)

10. Ive......................my book at home, (forgotten / left)

Exercise 40
1. I cant get through-threes a lorry......... (on the way / in the way)
2. We stopped for lunch......................to Brighton, (on the way / in
the way)
3. I can hear the baby......................(weeping / crying)
4. She fell asleep......................watching TV. (as / when)
5. H e ......................them of drinking beer while driving, (accused /
charged)
6. He was arrested and......................with committing a variety of
offences, (accused / charged)
7. I think his father is still......................(alive / living)
8. I have no......................relatives, (alive / living)
9. She has behaved badly and w as......................(ashamed /
embarrassed)
10. She felt really......................about it. (ashamed / embarrassed)

Exercise 41
1. T h e ......................cheered when he scored the goal
(audience/spectators)
2. W hat happened had n o ......................on the result, (affect/effect)
3. They live in a beautiful h o u s e ......................the sea.
(beside/besides)
4. I want to introduce the subject......................now, and then
discuss it is detail next week, (briefly/shortly)
5. Imust know your a n s w e r....................... 5 oclock, (by/until)
6. I did very little work because of t h e ...................... interruptions
(continual/continuous)
7. T h e y ...................... the luggage with their X-ray equipm ent to see
if ther was a bom b inside, (controlled/inspected)
8. We havent seen him ......................6 years.

208

9. The n ew sp a p er......................said "Famous W riter Killed

(headline/title)
10. His writing is s o ......................I especially like his description of
the storm.

Exercise 42
1. You need a w o r k ......................to get a job here.
(permission/permit)
2. I expect taxes to......................in the next few weeks, (raise/rise)
3. They will change goods if you have a ...................... (receipt/recipe)
4. COuld you......................on this button for me? (sew/sow)
5. Theres such beautiful..................... around here, (scene/scenery)
6. You could see the m ans ..................... on the wall, (shade/shadow)
7. Get some paper from t h e ..................... cupboard.
(stationary/stationery)
8. They......................around, looking at the shops.
(wandered/wondered)
9. I like hotels where the list arent (out of order/broken)
10.and which dont cost too..................... (much/many)

Exercise 43
1. He intends to......................politics, (join/take up)
2. Iv e ......................the key on your ring, (kept/put)
3. She was dressed in the..................... fashion, (last/latest)
4. December is th e......................month of the year, (last/latest)
5. It happened......................morning, (last/ yesterday)
6. He......................Spain, (left/left from)
7. He left......................England, (to/for)
8. Hes......................playing football, (left/given up)
9. She......................an interesting lesson, (gave/delivered)
10. She sings......................a nightingale (as/like)

20S

Exercise 44
1. She didnt ......................me at fist, (recognize/realize)
2. I......................that this man wasnt going to hurt me.
(recognized/realized)
3. H e ......................to accept their advice, (refused/rejected)
4. Some people......................the idea of a mixed economy.
(refuse/reject)
5. H e ......................his hand from the mans collar, (moved/removed)
6. Last year my parents......................from Hyde to Stepney.
(moved/removed)
7. The teacher was a ......................woman who did her best.
(respectable/respectful)
8. The woman kept a....................... silence, (respectable/respectful)
9. The lighting is......................(restful/restless)
10. Some babies are tense and......................during the early weeks.
(restful/restless)

Exercise 45
1. The afternoon activities will...............soon, (take place/take part)
2. I will certainly......................my uncles murder, (revenge/ avenge)
3. I hope that I c a n ......................you to try some of these
appetizers, (persuade/convince)
4. First thing in the morning w e......................the camp flag.
(raise/rise)
5. Cathy......................a nice sports car. (has /is with)
6. I......................high marks in music very easily, (take /get,
receive)
7. Clara......................her daughter how to read, (taught/learnt)
8. She does not...................... her plants so they always look sick.
(take care of/care for)
9. D a d ,...................... I be excused from the table? (can/may)
10. I w ill...................... you do 25 pushups if you forget your kit.
(make /let)

210

Exercise 46
1. The teacher report a ....................... increase in the amount of
reading done by the pupils, (noticeable/notable)
2. The second......................event was the sudden disappearance of
Martha, (noticeable/notable)
3. You might have noticed w h a t..................... on Tuesday.
(happened/took place)
4. The first meeting o f this com mittee......... *........... on 9 January.
(happened/took place)
5. Suddenly the press......................came out and announced the
result, (officer/official)
6. At present, the development effort is mainly carried on by
govern m en t......................(officers/officials)
7. School classes were held..................... (outdoor/ outdoors)
8. American football is the most scientific of all......................games.
(outdoor/outdoors)
9. Most people believed that Stephens illness was due to.................
(overwork/ overtime)
10. I dont do......................straight after a f\lll shift (overwork
/overtime)

Exercise 47

1. The......................from the window stirred the papers on her desk.

(draught/draft)
2. He showed me the......................of an article he was writing.
(draught/draft)
3. What has gone wrong with the......................system during the
last ten years? (economic/economical)
4. This system was extrem ely.................. v .because I ran half-price
electricity, (economic/economical)
5. People could resume a norm al................ life, (everyday/every day)
6. Shanti asked the same question.................... (everyday/every day)
7. He was so...................... he could hardly sleep, (excited/exciting)

211

8. It did not seem a very..................... idea, (excited/exciting)

9. At the end o f the day I felt......................(exhausted/exhausting)
IQ It was a difficult and......................job. (exhausted /exhausting)

Exercise 48
1. There w as......................news bulletins on TV last night, (extended
/extensive)
2. M any buildings suffered......................damage in the ballast.
(extended /extensive)
3 .1 took him to a ......................doctor in Harley Street, (well-known/
notorious)
4. The area w as......................for murders, (well-know /notorious)
5. We are all comrades her and I may talk...................... (free /freely)
6. Children can get into the m useum ......................(free/freely)
7. I was even more determined not to show I w as.....................
(frightened/frightening)
8. It is......................

to

think

what

damage

could

be

done.

(frightened/frightening)
9. Its......................working for him. How pleasant! (fun/funny)
lQHe told......................stories, (fun/funny)

Exercise 49
1. Rachel could not......................that
accident, (refuse / deny)

she

had

witnessed

the

2. A man fell from a bridge and......................(sunk/drowned)

3. It is better to be poor than to......................a bank, (steal/rob)
4. I

asked

whether

the

picture

could

b e......................

(repaired/restored)
5. I..................... down and skinned my knees, (fell/fall)
6. W e......................this sofa with us from Canada, (brought/took)
7. I was so excited I could hardly......................(sleep/go to bed)
8. France was not expected to......................Argentina in the 1998
World Cup. (beat/win)
9. I am ....................how to drive this summer, (studying/learning)
212

drinking, (leave/give Up)

IQ The doctor told me to

Exercise 50
1. Sugar became
the
(product/produce)

chief..................... of

2. Manufacturers spend huge sums

their.................. (products /produces)
3. I......................
to
take
(promised/promising)

the

of

the
money

children

to

Caribbean.
advertising
the

fair.

4. The menu looked......................(promised/promising)

lr

5. He has written a m ost............ and entertaining autobiography.

(readable/legible)
6. The inscription is still perfectly......................(readable/legible)
7. Our mother was always very..................... (reasonable/rational)
8. Lets
talk
about
(reasonable/rational)
9. Were

this

got......................for

like
each

tw o...................... people.
things

weve

bought.

(receipts/recipes)
IQ Thats

an

old

Polish..................... for

beetroot

soup.

(receipt/recipe)

H.

D E R IV A T IV E W O R D S

Fill in each blank with a word derived from the underlined

word.
Example:
Jason com mands our respect. W e..................... him because his
.................... com es from his having a ..................... character. No
wonder all those who know him well f e e l .....................for him.
Answer: respect, respectability, respectable, respectful

213

Exercise 1
1. In writing a ..................... essay, the writer has to be able to
d e s c r ib e well. For example, how is he going make a scenery
vivid when its beauty is almost beyond.....................?
2. A person who d e s tr o y s public property will be accused of being
a ...................... w hose..................... act is punishable by law,
depending on how serious the.................... is.
3. Since there is no clue to the.................... of the pick-pocket, how
do we id e n t ify him, then? Lets wait until we can see some
signs of.....................
4. I^ r a..................... country,

it takes

time

to

d e v e lo p

its

international trade. To begin with, it requires good policies

ol.....................Then, it must be led by a good.
5. A ..................... political leader not only has the p o w e r to
implement his policies but is also willing to..................... good
capable people to help carry out such policies.
6. What is your.....................of our new manager? He is......................
All the staff are im p r e s s e d by his friendly attitude and
pleasant personality.
7. A stranger a p p e a r e d
surprised

us.

W hat

at the door. His sudden....................

was

even

more

surprising

was

his

m ysteriou s....................., as no one knew where he went later.

8. Tom tried hard to e x p la in why he was late for the meeting.
However, his..................... was not accepted, simply because his
bad habit of unpunctuality was self.....................
9. Few can m a n a g e such a matter, which is n ot..................... as a
result of its long-term ..................... under the b a d ..................... of
an inexperienced.....................
10. David always h e lp s me when I am ..................... He is really
.....................I am grateful for his......................

Exercise 2
1. No matter how stubborn a person is, he listens to reasons. If
you p e r s u a d e him to behave well through sou nd....................
means, he will certainly consider your..................... as a result of
your.....................
214

2. To c o n s t r u c t a good argument, you need.................... and

convincing ideas. Besides, the.................... 01 such ideas must be
logical and coherent.
3. The.................... body of the murdeied man was found three days
after his.................... Evidence showed that he had d ie d from
two.................... shots.
4. By all.................... , the Asian economic crisis is now over.
However, it a p p e a r s that a lot of problems have not
....................
yet.
com plete.................

According
to economic
experts,
of such problems takes time.

the

5. Is English a d iffic u lt language to learn? 1 dont think so. Many

have mastered it without m uch.................... Honestly speaking,
all the learning.................... are imaginary, and not real.
6. When I was still a c h ild , I knew nothing about the difficulties
of livelihood. I w as.................... , to be sure, but I had a happy
..................... Though I am old now, I may b e.................... at
times.
7. I dare say I have a good m e m o r y . To begin with, I can
................... names and dates very well. Then, it is not difficult
for me to count ail the............ ....... things I nave done, as all
these things have long been committed to.....................
8. How does you cut on the palm feel? is it still.....................?
Yes, it is. I dont know how long the p a in will last. It really
.................... me to think of all the aches and..................... many
people are forced to experience.
9.

Some

people

will

do

anything

without

f e a r . They

are

.................... o f consequences; nor are they..................... of legal

actions. In short, to them, there is noting to be..................... in
this world.
10. She had seen som e.................... creatures which disturbed her;
in their..................... you can understand her f r ig h t . She was
really.....................

215

Exercise 3
1. The government, appealed o the public to do voluntary work
a s..................... For instance, they can..................... to look after
the old in the home for the aged. Such a job cannot be forced
but done.....................
2. For a com pany or..................... to function well, it needs a
good..................... to organize all the activities useful for its
development.
3.

Jasons

friends

help

him

when

necessary.

They

are

good.....................who are...................... in many ways. While being

grateful for their....................., Jason feels sorry for Tom, whose
com panions are hopeless and.....................to him.
4. In an interview or...................... the person who exam ine you is
the.....................and you are the......................
5. Why did the people exclaim when they saw the man coming?
They liked such a person and made the.....................of support.
6. Are there..................... who created all the..................... in this
place?

They

must

b e .....................

and

known

for

their

7. There is still som ething which the com mittee cannot decide
yet. However, some members indicate that it is not difficult to
come to a .....................if the Chairman is a bit m ore......................
8. We have just m o v e d to a new office. However, some objects
which are .....................have not been touched,
.....................may destroy all of them.
9.

What

is

the

u se

of that

plastic

box

in

as a slight
your

car? It

looks....................., but actually it is very...................... Its main

.....................is to keep all the small things you dont ......................
at the moment.
10. My businessm en friend likes to e n t e r t a in his customers.
The.....................varies from one type to another. As long as an
activity is amusing and....................., it serves the purpose.

216

Exercise 4
1. Sam knows the w o r th of friendship. He knows that it is>..............
to have.....................friends who are p ra is e .....................
2. Peter made e la b o r a t e preparations for his opening speech. As
a result, when h e.................... on the important points, they were
.................... reported in the press the next day. This does not
mean that.....................is always good and acceptable.
3. After a whole days work, Bill was completely e x h a u s te d and
was

always

unwell because

of....................

However,

as

conscientious worker, his work is always good and.....................

4. To b e..................... or to be known for your..................... you must
be tru e to life and tell the.................... all the time.
5. The aeroplane is flying at a h ig h

altitude. It will gain

................... whenever necessary, so as to..................... the flying

comfort o f passengers.
6.

person

showing

e n th u sia sm

for

his

work

is

undoubtedly..................... about performing his task.....................

Such an.....................will be successful in whatever he does.
7. The old should in s p ir e the young to work hard by example. A
good role model will b e.................... and will also provide the
necessary.....................for a proper attitude towards work.
8. All the students a d m ir e d their English language teacher who
is..................... W henever they saw him, they gave him an
.................. look and spoke in..................of his great achievements.
Such a teacher is sure to have many other....................., too.
9. A country needs a strong army to p r o t e c t its safety. Hence, the
government should have enough.................... measures so as to
provide.....................against foreign invasion.
10. Dont..................... your valuable life by doing...................... things.
For instance, rock climbing is full of d a n g e r . Avoid it by all
means!.

217

Exercise 5
1. The loud noise of the monkey a s to n is h e d us. We stood in
. listening to the monkeys series o f ....................actions.
2. Let me d e s c r ib e the man to you. I would like to give a
..................... of his outward appearance. If you are good at
.....................a person, you are good at...................... writing.
3. Can you give a c o m p le t e picture of the plan? Please describe
it.....................to me. O n ...................... o f your work, you will get a
reward. So try to.....................our work on time.
4. Some strange sounds come from the next-door n e ig h b o u r s .
Such sounds can also be heard in th e..................... or some
.....................areas.
5. Dont be an..................... I never in tr u d e on a busy person. I
dont like m y..................... neighbour who takes takes delight in
asking nasty questions which are an.....................on my privacy.
6.

Can you read my t h o u g h ts , since I am ..................... , not

.....................? You must make, a well-................... - out guess soon.

7. W hat is their life like in that s p le n d id villa?
Oh, they live...................... In addition, many people admire
the......................of the villa.
8. When you are....................., you will act.................... Your fu ry
will do you harm. Hence, you had better keep to yourself for a
while whenever you are.....................
9. The sky has turned d a r k . It is further..................... with the
complete disappearance of the sunshine. Such being the case,
you had better go home belore total......... ........... sets in.
10. Judy was r e lu c t a n t to help do the job. She did help most of
the time b u t..................... We will find out why she worked with

E x e r cis e 6
1. Tom looked a n x io u s . He has been expecting some news
No wonder there are sign of.......................on his face.
2. Have you ever climbed a m o u n ta in ? If you are a .....................
you may have to go past som e..................... paths before you
begin some serous.....................
218

3. I have never a c c e p t e d any present from anyone. It is not that

no present is..................... to me, but that the..................... of a
present is not always justifiable.
4. The father could not c o n t r o l his anger any longer. He beat his
son.....................The whole situation then was out of......................
It w a s .....................until the son went out of doors.
5. All were shocked at hearing Mr. Browns s a r c a s tic comment.
He spoke so..................... that nc one was happy. In fact,
his.....................made may people angry.
6. When criticized, Jason was not angry. WTe r e s p e c t e d him all
the more. We considered him .................... a rd treated him with
a .................... attitude later on. This..................... was genuine
but hard-earned.
7. Hearing the joke about his action, we burst into.....................We
la u g h e d loudly. We considered the whole event.....................and
turned him into a .................... -stock.
8. If sales c o n t in u e at the present rate, there will be a .....................
of good profits, and hopefully, such a good situation will be
.................... for ever and ever.
9. It is dangerous to e x p lo d e a bomb in a crowded place. As a
matter of fact, anything.................... can lead to great danger
after its.....................
10. Can a sewing m achine.................... o p e r a t e a care machine?
I dont think so, since the skill used in the..................... of one
type of machine differs from the of another machine.
E x e r c is e 7
1. The custom er accused the shop-keeper of d e c e iv in g her. A
person guilty o f.....................or...................... will not have peace of
mind. Is the shop-keeper a.................... person? No one knows
because appearances are often....................
2. Judith will in v ite her good friends to her house. She will send
out her.....................to them soon. She hoes that every friend will
accept h er...................... so as to have the chance to taste her
.....................food.

219

3. Today is a fine..................... day. I like the..................... when the

su n rises. I also like the dusky light at.....................
4. The rain came in no tim e . The .................... arrival o f the rain
cheered us up. But rain may be.....................; if so, it would
become very annoying. This is the same for any event that is
w rongly.....................
5. A crocodile a p p e a r e d in the river. When it made its....................
the fish..................... The ...................... of small animals in the
face of a big animal is a matter of course.
6. We dont b e lie v e that you have a lot of money. O ur....................
is that you dont have money at all. We therefore find your
claim to be a rich m an.................... unless you show us some
.....................evidence.
7. The com pany r e s p o n d e d in a polite letter. Its.....................was
encouraging. It was unusual for a busy
.....................in such a rapid manner.

com pany

to be

8. Who will m a n a g e this company when Mr. Su retires? Make

sure that the new .....................is not only good at...................... also
skilful in dealing with those staff who are not often.....................
9. Connies new dress a ttr a c ts our attention. It has a n .....................
colour. Besides, the style is also an..................... It is out of the
ordinary.
10. He had aches and p a in s in the neck after sitting in front of
the com puter for so long. He should take a ..................... killer
and the neck would becom e.....................in no time.

Exercise 8
1. The little m onkey is very..................... It is in the a c t of doing
som ething funny again. Every day, it has m any..................... , as
it is im possible for it to remain.
2. They enjoyed watching the b r ig h t sunshine. They wanted the
sun to shine..................... and they welcomed th e..................... of
the sun.
3. The flying fish jum ped out o f the fish tank in high s p ir it s . It
was high-..................... instead of low -..................... Do you have
enough.....................or energy to act like a flying fish?
220

4. Judy was s h o c k e d at seeing her thin figure in the mirror. Her

sudden thin shape gave her a great..................... It was really
..................... for her to see the change. She looked .....................
thin in the mirror.
5. The sudden idea threw me into.................... I found such an
idea...................... It gave me much..................... to think of it.
However, the more I thought the more I was c o n fu s e d .
6. They boy showed s u rp ris e in his face. He was..................... that
his mother had.................... left him in a ...................... manner.
7. A student said in h a s te . He said.................... His speech showed
signs of ..................... As he had only enough time to make a
.................... speech, he.................... to speak . As a result, the
speech was made with great....................
8.

Something

em barrassed

the

small

girl,

who

shouted

.................... W hen she gave the..................... shout, she looked

.................... and stood still in...................... for a long time.
9. Being unable to see her friend, Jean felt

d is a p p o in t e d and

went home in ..................... She walked hom e..................... on

account of the great.................... she did not expect.
10. Johns neighbours often q u a r r e l. They are..................... and
seem to enjoy..................... Their neighbours ask them to stop
their annoying....................., but in vain.

Exercise 9
1. Your English has im p r o v e d steadily, but there is still much
room for..................... your
.................... in any language.

vocabulary.

It

takes

time

for

2. To compete with others, a salesman must be q u ic k in action.

He must ..................... his sales by selling..................... However,
such.....................is easier said than done.
3. Future leaders must c o n tin u e with a proven good policy, which
must be..................... and ..................... referred to for its good
points. In short, the........... ........ of a good system is a must for
any good government.
4. The man said w ith.....................He said.......................He la u g h e d
and said with a .....................face.
221

5. The old woman seemed to be d im -..................... She saw things

...................... as she w as.................... in her eyesight. Obviously,
she was suffering from .................... in her eyesight.
6. W hat do you th in k of the impact of the head-on collision
between the two trucks?
Oh, the im pact w as.....................No one has ever.......................of it. I
-"vself havent given such a matter any...................... however.
e puppy was swept away by the v io le n t stream. As the
rents were flowing rapidly and....................... even human
beings could not resist such...................... let alone the puppy.
Small animals should therefore be stopped from going near
anything so.....................
8. No one could bear with the.....................noise from the factory, as
constant exposure to such noise m ay..................... a person.
However, no matter how loud a noise, it wont affect those who
are d e a f or who have suffered from .....................
9. How m any.....................do you have? If you dont have any c h ild .
you are.....................If you are naive, you are....................... This is
fine as long as you are not.....................
10. My family doctor is old but very c a p a b le . Though he is
..................... of speaking clearly, he is..................... o f curing all
kinds o f diseases. Undoubtedly, he is a physician of great.

Exercise 10
1....................... . the bandit did not harm the traveler and stra n g e
to say, the traveler was not frightened at all. Perhaps he was
no.....................to such unlawful people.
2. W henever you present an argument, it must be l o g i c a l . If
som ething is.....................presented, people can see i t s ...................
and it will be more convincing than som ething.....................
3. In....................with foreign students, our students a r e .....................
better in mathematics. Some can even be c o m p a r e d with the
best students in the world.
4.

W ith

the

economic

upturn,

more

people

are

e m p lo y e d .

However, not all th e..................... are under th e..................... of

good.....................
222

5. H is..................... has s e r v e d him for five years. He v/anted him

to send his car to the nearby car..................... centre for
.....................Though old, the car is still......................
6. It is not easy to in v e n t something. T h e.................... must have
an.....................mind before he can make any......................
7. If you im p r e s s a key on the clay, you will see the key
.................... Similarly, to b e.................... , you must give a
good.....................or do something......................
8. All have been p o o r before, but nobody will rem ain.....................if
he works hard. Have you lived in..................... before? Are you
really.....................stricken now?
9. It is high

time

that we had

some

f o r t u n e . We

have

been.................... for a long time. I hope we will b e .....................

from now on, so that no bad luck or.....................will come to us.
10. The gangsters b lo o d is spilled. Does this mean that he
is.................... or does he look.................... ? Certainly, he is not
cold-.....................He was shot in cold.

Exercise 11
The p r e fix

or

a tta ch e d to th e b e g in n in g o f a

v e rb w ill g iv e it a n e g a tiv e m e a n in g . C o m p le te e a c h o f th e
se n te n c e s b e lo w b y a d d in g th e p r e fix ds- o r

to th e

v e rb in b r a c k e t s B e su re to u se th e c o r r e c t v e r b fo r m .
1. Please show me that I am wrong. In other words, you must
.................... my argument, (prove).
2. The wom ans puppy could not be found; it had.....................
(appear)
3. The participants did not want to discuss the matter any longer.
They wanted t o .....................the discussion, (continue)
4. I dont want anyone to cut in during the con v ersa tion .................
abrupt interference, (like)
5. If they have different points of view, they m ay.....................
(agree)
6. Mr. W ashington was unhappy when his application was
rejected. The rejection.................... him a lot. (please)

223

7. The guests attitude.................... the host, Peter, and he wanted

to find out the reason for it. (satisfy)
8. Did you hear carefully? I hope you did not..................... him
(understand)
9. Note the correct spelling of the word. Dont.....................it. (spell)
10. Some books have wrong numbers. They have been ....................
(number)
11. You are wrong this time. Be careful not to..................... again.
(behave)
12. Nancy went to the wrong office.
(inform)

She

must have been

Exercise 12
Prefixes

and un- can be used to

give negative m eanings o f nouns. Com plete each o f the

sentences below by adding the prefix
or

in-4,

mis-*

to the word in brackets. Be sure to use the correct

word form.
1. They were arguing with each other. They had a s t r o n g ................
(agreement)
2. No one knew what had happened to the film
sudden.....................remains a mystery, (appearance)

star. Her

3. We have not been properly informed. W hat we have is some

.....................(information)
4. Was

the

decision

of the judge

fair? If not,

it

was an

obvious.....................(justice)
5. I dont want to bother you by causing you any unnecessary
.....................(convenience)
6. Children have to have

moral lessons in school to avoid

behaviour o f .....................in future, (morality)

7. If you dont go to work regularly, you will be punished for
..................... work, (regularity)
8. In our country, men and women are equal. No one supports
sexual.....................(equality)

224

9. Every young man undergoing military training is b

ex p erien ce.................... o f life, (comfort)
10. Tom s failure was due not to....................
mistakes (fortune)

md to

but to his own

11. All the people here are employed. They do not know what
is like .(employment)
12. We want our life to be safe and certain, a s .....................causes
unnecessary worries, (certain)

Exercise 13
Prefixes
m -,
ir-, Z- and non-* can be
added to adjectives to give negative m eanings. In each o f
the sentences below, fill in the blank with a suitable
negative adjective from the list.
non-existent
dishonest
incomplete

illiterate
irregular
inactive

unchangeable disloyal
illegal
uncom fortable
impatient
unw illing

irresponsible

unpopular impossible______________________

1. It is wrong to get money b y .................... means.

2. The king killed the general.................... to him.
3. Members o f the public may ask the authorities to alter policies,
but many policies are....................
4. A person used to working in an air-conditioned room will find a
non-airconditioned place....................
5. You are told to change our behaviour, if you are.....................to
do so, you will be in trouble.
6. It is said that some policies are..................... but useful for the
nation in the long run.
7. It is hard to get an.................... person to take part in outdoor
games and sports.
8. Christine was given two more days to do the assignment, but
her work rem ained.....................
9. I tend to b e ..................... with slow, sluggish and inefficient
workers.
225

10. CarU/ou get a good job without knowing English in Singapore?

No, it is.....................
11. Nurses have.....................working hours.
12. Teachers who do not teach conscientiously are.....................they
should not becom e teachers in the first place.
13. A n .....................person can neither read nor write.
14. In most countries, it is.................... for people under 18 to drive
a car.
15. Can you expect a bankrupt government to provide good public
services?
No, they are practically.....................

Exercise 14
In each o f the follow ing sentences, add the noun-forming
suffix -er, -or or -ant* to the under lined verb to form the
agent noun (i.e. the perform er o f the action). Be sure to use
the correct word form.
1. A person driving a car is a .....................or motorist.
2. Harins job is to inspect hawkers food. He is the food ...................
3. Fewer foreigners visit this country. It is hoped th at....................
will increase when the economic crisis is over.
4. The maid cooks and serves meals; she is really a good..................
5. David, the director, needs a capable personal..................... to
assist him in his daily work.
6. David hunts for boars. He is a boar.....................
7. As he is em ployed to sail a ship, he is a .....................
8. Since he owns the com pany, he is the legitim ate.....................
9. M any people like to read Jasons books. They are his loyal..........
10. Her father em ployed people to work in the factory*. He was
their.....................

226

Exercise 15
Complete each o f the sentences below by adding the noun
forming suffix -ion, -fion*, -afion, -sion or - m e n t * to the
underlined verb. Be sure to use correct word form.
1. The manager should direct the staff; he should show them the
proper.....................
2. X introduced Y to Z. After the.................... . they sat down to
talk.
3. I did not expect him to react so strongly to my comment. I was
surprised at his strong....................
4. The old should know how to educate the young, as.....................
is a must for very person.
5. The teacher will examine the new students. T h e.....................
will take place tomorrow morning.
6. You can im a g in e something and then write it down, especially
when your power of.................... is good.
7.

Sometimes,

it

is

more

useful

to

persuade

child

to

work;.....................works better than force.

8. I am sure Jason will accept your.....................if he is in v it e d .
9. You must have the librarians..................... before you are
p e rm itte d to enter the library.
10. Please e x p la in the matter, as such an.....................is necessary
for those who came late.
11. The husband and the wife were divided in their opinion as to
child education. T his.................... was the reason for many of
their quarrels.
12. Jim described his journey vividly. H is..................... aroused
great interest in the audience.
13. Sam kept his parents informed of his latest job situation.
Such..................... was useful.
14. John did not hesitate to accept the job offer. He accepted it
without ma m om ents.....................

227

15. Are the police investigating the robbery?

Yes, the.....................is expected to end soon.
16. The people were entertained in the theatre. They could not
forget the w onderful....................
17. W hen the general m oved, the soldiers followed with quick
...................... too.
18. The accused man was im prisoned. H is..................... will last
tow weeks.
19. She achieved a lot as an undergraduate. All her....................
were greatly admired.
20. Dont go on arguing; y o u r .....................is not convincing.

228

KEY
PHAN I. PHONETIC (NGLf AM)
A. P R O N O U N C IA TIO N
Sound d iscrim in a tio n 1
1. c

2. d

6. b

7. c

3. c
8. d

4.
9.

a
b

5.
c
10. b

Sound discrim in a tio n 2

1. b

2. a

3.

4.

5.

6. a

7. b

8.

9.

10.

Sound d iscrim in a tio n 3

1. c

2. a

3.

4.

5.

6. a

7. c

8.

9.

10. a

Sound d iscrim in a tio n 4

1. c

2. a

3.

4.

5.

6. d

7. c

8.

9.

10. b

Sound d iscrim in a tio n 5

1. c

2. d

3.

4.

5.

6. d

7. a

8.

9.

10.

Sound discrimination 6
1. d

2. a

3.

4.

5.

6. c

7. b

8.

9.

10. c

229

Soun d d iscrim in a tio n 7

1. c

2. b

3. a

4.

5.

6. c

7. d

8. d

9.

10.

Sound d iscrim in a tio n 8

1. c

2. d

3. d

4.

5.

6. a

7. d

8. b

9.

10.

Sound d iscrim in a tio n 9

1. b

2. d

3. d

4.

5.

6. c

7. c

8. a

9.

10.

S ound d iscrim in a tio n 10

1. a

2. d

3. a

4.

5.

6. d

7. c

8. a

9.

10.

Soun d d iscrim in a tio n 11

1. c

2. d

3. c

4.

5.

6. d

7. b

8. c

9.

10.

Sound d iscrim in a tio n 12

1. a

2. c

3. a

4.

5.

6. a

7. a

8. b

9.

10.

S oun d d iscrim in a tio n 13

1. c

2. b

3. b

4.

5.

6. b

7. d

8. a

9.

10.

Soun d d iscrim in a tio n 14

1. b

2. c

3. a

4.

5.

6. c

7. b

8. a

9.

10.

3. b

4.

5.

9.

10.

S oun d d iscrim in a tio n 15

1. a

2. b

6. d

7. c

230

8. d

Sound discrim in atio n 16

1. c

2. b

3. d

4.

5.

6. b

7. a

8. b

9.

10.

Sound d iscrim in a tio n 17

1. a

2. d

3. c

4.

5.

6. b

7. c

9.

10.

Sound discrim in a tio n 18

1. b

2. d

3. d

4.

5.

6. a

7. b

8. b

9.

10.

Sound discrim in atio n 19

1. d

2. a

3. d

4.

5.

6. b

7. b

8. c

9.

10.

Sound discrim in atio n 20

1. d

2. c

3. a

4.

5.

6. a

7. a

8. b

9.

10.

Sound discrim in a tio n 21

1. a

2. b

3. b

4.

5.

6. a

7. a

8. a

9.

10.

Sound d iscrim in a tio n 22

l.a

2. d

3. b

4.

5.

6. b

7. b

8, b

9.

10.

Sound d iscrim in a tio n 23

1. c

2. a

3. b

4.

5.

6. b

7. b

8. a

9.

10.

Sound d iscrim in a tio n 24

1. d

2. d

3. d

4.

5.

6. b

7. c

8. b

9.

10.

d
231

Soun d d iscrim in a tio n 25

1. a

2. c

3. d

4.

5.

6. b

7. b

8. c

9.

10.

Sound d iscrim in a tio n 26

1. d

2. d

3. b

4.

5.

6. c

7. d

8. d

9.

10. e

Soun d d iscrim in a tio n 27

1. d

2. a

3. b

4.

5.

6. c

7. b

8. d

9.

10. b

Soun d d iscrim in a tio n 28

1. c

2. b

3. d

4.

5.

6. d

7. b

8. c

9.

10.

Soun d d iscrim in a tio n 29

1. a

2. b

3. b

4.

5.

6. c

7. b

8. d

9.

10.

S o un d d iscrim in a tio n 30
1. d

2. c

3. a

4.

5.

6. b

7. a

8. b

9.

10.

S ound d iscrim in a tio n 31

1. c

2. b

3. d

4.

5.

6. b

7. c

8. a

9.

10.

S oun d d iscrim in a tio n 32

1. b

2. c

3. a

4.

5.

6. c

7. a

8. d

9.

10.

Soun d d iscrim in a tio n 33

1. b

2. a

3. b

4.

5.

6. a

7. a

8. c

9.

10.

232

B. STRESSED SYLLBALE
Practice 1
1. c

2. b

3. d

4.

5. b

2. a

3. c

4.

5. c

2. d

3. a

4.

5. c

2. a

3. b

4.

5. d

2. d

3. c

4.

5. b

2. c

3. d

4.

5. a

2. a

3. c

4.

5. a

2. c

3. d

4.

5. a

2. b

3. c

4.

5. a

2. c

3. d

4.

5. c

2. d

3. b

4.

5. a

Practice 2
1. b
Practice 3
1. c
Practice 4
1. c
Practice 5
1. b
Practice 6
1. b
Practice 7
1. b
Practice 8
1. a
Practice 9
1. d
Practice 10
1. a
Practice 11
1. a

233

'ra ctice 12
l.b

2. d

3. c

4.

5. b

2. d

3. b

4.

5. a

2. b

3. d

4.

5. c

2. b

3. a

4.

- 5. b

2. c

3. d

4.

5.

2. d

3. c

4.

5. a

2. c

3. d

4.

5. b

2. a

3. c

4.

5.

2. a

3. b

4.

5.

Practice 13
1. a
Practice 14
1. b
Practice 15
1. c
Practice 16
1. c

P ractice 17
1. a
Practice 18
1. d
Practice 19
1. c
Practice 20
1. b

234

PART II. VOCABULARY (TLT VlTNG)

A. MULTIPLE CHOICE
E x e rc is e 1

I.

a 2.

a 3.

a 4.

b 5.

6.

b 7.

II. a 12. b 13. c x4. d 15. c 16. c

d 8.

7. d 18. d

9.

10.

19. a

20. b

9.

10.

Exercise 2
I.

a 2.

b 3.

c 4.

d 5.

6.

d 7.

b 8.

II. d 12. d 13. a 14. b 15. a 16. b 17. c 18. c

19. a

20. a

Exercise 3
I.

b 2.

b 3.

b 4.

d 5.

6.

d 7.

a 8.

II. b 12. b 13. b 14. a 15. b 16. c 17. d 18. d

9.

d 10.

19. a

20. b

Exercise 4
I.

b 2.

b 3.

c 4.

a 5.

6.

b 7.

a 8.

II. c 12. c 13. a 14. b 15. a 16. b 17. c 18. a

9.

d 10.

19. a

20. b

Exercise 5
I.

c 2.

d 3.

c 4.

b 5.

6.

a 7.

d 8.

II. c 12. b 13. b 14. c 15. d 16. a 17. b 18. d

9.

19. a

10.

20. d

Exercise 8
I.

a 2.

a 3.

b 4.

b 5.

6.

c 7.

d 8.

II. a 12. a 13. d 14. d 15. c 16. b 17. a 18. d

9.

19. c

10.

20. b

E xercise 7
I.

b 2.

c 3.

c 4.

a 5.

6.

c 7.

c 8.

II. b 12. c 13. c 14 d 15. d 16. d 17. c 18. d

9.

10.

19. c

20. d

9.

10.

Exercise 8
I.

a 2.

a 3.

b 4.

b 5.

6.

c 7.

d 8.

II. c 12. c 13. b 14. b 15. d 16. a 17. a 18. c

19. c

20. c
235

E xercise 9
I.

b 2.

b 3.

d 4.

d 5.

6.

c 7.

b 3.

II. a 12. d 13. c 14. b 15. a 16. a 17. b 18. c

9.

10.

19. d

20. d

E xe rcise 10
I.

a 2.

c 3.

d 4.

5.

II. a 12. c 13. d 14. b 15. c

6.

c 7.

b 8.

16. a 17. b 18. c

9.

19. c

10.

20. a

E xe rcise 11
I.

a 2.

a 3.

a 4.

II. a 12. a 13. c 14. c

5.

15. b

6.

d 7.

d 8.

16. b 17. b 18. d

9.

d 10.

19. c

20. b

E xe rcise 12
I.

c 2.

c 3.

a 4.

a 5.

II. b 12. b 13. a 14. a 15. d

6.

c 7.

b 8.

16. b 17. b 18. a

9.

d 10.

19. b

20. a

E xe rcise 13
I.

c 2.

c 3.

d 4.

d 5.

II. c 12. a 13. a 14. a 15. a

6.

d 7.

d 8.

16. a 17. c 18. c

9.

19. b

10.

20. b

E xe rcise 14
I.

d 2.

c 3.

a 4.

b 5.

II. b 12. d 13. b 14. d 15. a

6.

c 7.

a 8.

16. b 17. a 18. d

9.

19. c

10.

20. c

E xe rcise 15
I.

a 2.

b 3.

c 4.

d 5.

II. b 12. c 13. c 14. d 15. c

6.

b 7.

d 8.

16. a 17. b 18. c

9.

19. b

10.

20. d

E xe rcise 16
I.

d 2.

b 3.

c 4.

a 5.

II. b 12. b 13. b 14. a 15. d

6.

c 7.

a 8.

16. b 17. c 18. c

9.

19. d

10.

20. b

E xe rcise 17
I.

b 2.

a 3.

c 4.

5.

II. d 12. b 13. a 14. b 15. d

236

6.

d 7.

c 8.

16. a 17. c 18. b

9.

19. c

10.

20. c

E x e rc is e 18

I.

a 2.

d 3.

b 4.

a 5.

6.

d 7.

c 8.

9.

19. c

II. d 12. a 13. c 14. d 15. d 16. c 17. d 18. c

10.

20. b

E xercise 19
I.

d 2.

c 3.

a 4.

a 5.

6.

a 7.

a 8.

II. a 12. a 13. d 14. d 15. b 16. c 17. b 18. a

9.

19. c

10.

20. b

E xercise 20
I.

b 2.

d 3.

c 4.

b 5.

6.

a 7.

b 8.

II. a 12. a 13. a 14. c 15. b 16. a 17. a 18. b

9.

10.

19. a'

20. b

9.

10.

E xercise 21
I.

a 2.

a 3.

b 4.

a 5.

II. a 12. b 13. a 14. b 15.

6.

b 7.

c 8.

16. b 17. d 18. a

19. a

20. c

E xercise 22

I.

d 2.

c 3.

c 4.

b 5.

6.

d 7.

d 8.

II. b 12. a 13. b 14. d 15. a 16. c 17. b 18. a

9.

19. d

10.

20. c

Exercise 23
I.

c 2.

c 3.

d 4.

b 5.

6.

c 7.

a 8.

II. b 12. d 13. a 14. b 15. c 16. c 17. b 18. d

9.

19. d

10.

20. b

E xercise 24
I.

b 2.

c 3.

b 4.

d 5.

II. d 12. a 13. d 14. c 15. d

6.

d 7.

c 8.

16. c 17. b 18. c

9.

d 10.

19. a

20. c

Exercise 25
I.

a 2.

a 3.

c 4.

b 5.

II. c 12. b 13. a 14. a 15. c

6.

a 7.

b 8.

16. b 17. c 18. d

9.

19. b

10.

20. a

237

B. WORD FORMS
Exercise 1

1.

unfortunate

2. regretful

3. interference

4. glorious

5.

frightening

6. explained

7. musical

8. hopeless

9.

sunny

10. readable

;ise 2

1.

shyness

2. unreliable 3. ashamed

4. childbirth

5.

overslept

6. surprisingly 7. friendly

8. encouraged

9.

popularity

10. savings

E xercise 3
1.

sharpening

2. flight

3. faulty

4. complaints

5.

payment

6. outlook

7. youth

8. childish

9.

teenage

10. unkindness

Exercise 4
1.

enjoy ably

2. luckily

3. qualified

4.

unemployment

5.

competitive

6. action

7. proud

8.

reduction

9.

preservation

10. resignation

Exe rcise 5
1.

picturesque

2. unemployment

3. industrial

4. ^landscape

5.

homeless

6. suggestion

7. addition

8. childhood

9.

historical

10. retirement

E xe rcise 6
1.

failure

2. unfriendly 3. carelessly

4. straighten

5.

plentiful

6. once

7. unreliable

8. conclusion

9.

im prisonm ent

10. deathly

3. endless

4. available

E xercise 7
1.

weight

2. daily

5.

discussions

6. disorganizing 7. happier

238

8. attractive

9.

10. decision

ashamed

Exercise 8
1.

unpleasant

2. employer

3. boring

4 . attentively

5.

poems

6. informed

7. nervousness

8 . hot

9.

ability

10. clarity

Exercise 9
1.

ashamed

2. disappearance 3.

truthful

4. sleepy

5.

carriage

6. arrival

resistance

8. sleeplessness

9.

reference

10. admitted

7.

Exercise 10
1.

confusing

2. strengths

3. solidify

4 . wisdom

5.

unharmed

6. speech

7. loneliness

. muscular

9.

noisy

10. smilingly

Exercise 11
1.

impatience

2. suitable

3. unnecessary

A. irresponsible

5.

sensitivity

6. shameful

7. independence

8 . harmful

9.

m anagement

10. employment

Exercise 12
1.

devotion

2. admission 3. unqualified

A. unjust

5.

perfectly

6. appointment 7. surprisingly

i . death

9.

unfriendly

10. uncomfortable

Exercise 13
1.

orphanage

2. southern

3. robbery

5.

departure

6. diampcnship 7. mis-spelt

9.

careless

10. thoughtful

a.

similarities

. disliked

Exercise 14
1.

reliable

2.

5.

inefficient 6.

im patient

3. inconvenient

4. unreasonable

misunderstood

7. photography

8. competitors
239

9.

lively

10. adopted

E xe rcise 15
1.

attendance

2.

attract

3. behaviour 4. knowledgeable

5.

landing

6. equipment 7. freezer

9.

choice

10. fitness

8. difficulty

E xe rcise 16
1.

action

2. attractively 3. shorten

4. criminal

5.

departure

6. imitation

7. popularity

8. impressive

9.

dissatisfied

10. learned

Exe rcise 17
1.

equipm ent 2.

explanation

3. expression

4. freezer

5.

inform ation 6.

introduction

7. invitation

8. meeting

9.

painting

10. photography

E xe rcise 18
1.

usually

2. disused

3. correspondence

4. slippery

5.

editorial

6. unfaithful

7. unrecognizable 8. medical

9.

equality

10. beauty

E xe rcise 19
1.

criminal

2.

endangered 3. unpleasant

4. arrival

5.

admission

6.

proof

7. childhood

8. eventually

9.

inconsistent 10. ridiculous

E x e rcise 20
1.

resignation

2. worthless

3. uncertainty

4. intentional

5.

safety

6. beginning

7. signature

8. extraordinary

9.

similarity

10. description

E xe rcise 21
1.

opposition 2.

friendship

3. unemployed 4. qualification

5.

liar

confidential

7. selflessly

240

6.

8. unpredictable

9.

motherly

10. encouragement

Exercise 22
1.

nervousness

2. hot

3. ability

4. clarity/clerness

5.

unfortunately

6. housed

7. inadequate 8. unattractive

9.

infrequency

10. chaotic

Exercise 23
1.

troublesome

5.

farther/further 6. engaged

9.

education

2. shortage

3. jammed

4. permission

7. loosen

8. reference

10. bravery

Exercise 24
1.

historic

2. picturesque 3. unnatural

5.

suspiciously 6.

9.

depth

reduction

4. creative

7. skilful

8. threatened

3. applicable

4. postage

7. unhopeful

8. improbable

10. basically

Exercise 25
1.

signature

2. flight

5.

correspondence 6. nonsense

9.

poisonous

10. proud

Exercise 26
1.

seeing

2. singer

3. Fortunately

4. truth

5.

knowing

6. sensible

7. fortunate

8. hardship

9.

millionaire

10. wealthy

Exercise 27
1.

comforting

2. luckily

3. unfortunately 4. lucky

5.

unfortunately

6. unluckiest

7. poverty

8. intelligence

9.

educated

10. practical

E xercise 28
1.

realistic

2. ripen

3. likeliness

4. unforgettable

5.

unconvincing

6. modernize

7. warmth

8. encouraged
241

9.

flexibility

10. imaginative

E xercise 29
1.

Researchers

2. behavioral

3. specialist

5.

defrosted

6. resignation 7. unsteadily

9.

dangerous

10. illegal

* . underweight
i . unluckily

E xercise 30
1.

admission

2. knowledgeable 3. greed

5.

shame

9.

promising 10. personalized

6.

humiliated

. flattery

7. dependable

. theoreticallj

E xe rcise 31
1.

attentively

2.

5.

unforgivable 6.

9.

shyness

troublesome 3. noticeable 4.

fixtures

straightening 7. impure

organization

8.

10. carelessly

E xe rcise 32
1.

naturalist

2. domesticated 3. extermination 4. worn-out

5.

worthless

6. systematic

9.

knowledgeable 10. civilized

7. sweetens

8. residential

E xercise 33
1.

applause

2.

membership

3.

learned

4.

5.

ashamed

6.

variety

7.

upset

8. break-up

9.

downpour 10.

exceptionally

breakthroughs

E xe rcise 34
1.

dependable

2. unreasonable 3. artistic

4. comparative]

5.

classifying

6. reference

8. endless

9.

uneconom ical 10. unexplored

7. performers

E xe rcise 35
1.

adopted

5.

similarities 6.

242

2.

orphanage 3.

immigration

4. robbery

departure

cham pionship

8. failure

7.

9.

friendship

10. straighten

Exercise 36
1.

applicable

2.

5.

widespread 6.

9.

national

bloody

3. comparatively 4.

occasional

7. migrate

confidential

8. humorous

10. length

Exercise 37
1.

embarrasses

2. exceptionally 3. loss

4. patience

5.

qualified

6. precision

7. overthrow

8. downpour

9.

breakthrough

10. by-pass

3. unluckily

4. dangerous

Exercise 38
1.

thoughtful

2. unsteadily

5.

illegal

6. uncomfortable 7. informative

9.

Childhood

10. unsuccessful

8. helpful

Exercise 39
1.

pleasure

2. excitement 3. happiness

4 . hurtful

5.

upsetting

6. depressing

8 . depression

9.

reluctance

10. disappointing

7. sadness

Exercise 40
4 . permission

1. troublesome

2. storage

3. jam m ed

5. unfortunately

6. housed

7. inadequate 8 . unattractive

9. infrequency

10. performers

Exercise 41
1. competition

2. immigrants 3. achievement

5. determination 6. dangerously 7. selective

9. domesticated

4. companionship
8. naturalist

10. extermination

E xercise 42
1.

output

2. breakdown 3. responsibility 4. ashamed

5.

activity

6.

immoral

7. powerless

8. unfortunately
243

9.

attraction

10. outburst

E xercise 43
1.

accessory

2. respectable 3. Accountancy

5.

misinterpreted 6. impoverished 7. disappearance

9.

appreciably

4. authoritative
8. inexphcabie

10. technologist

Exercise 44
1.

amazement

2. fascinating 3. boredom

4. entrance

5.

energetic

6. natural

8. mountainous

9.

activities

10. sleeplessness

7. payment

E xercise 45
1.

weakening

2. infectious

3. entrance

4. endanger

5.

identification

6. severity

7. respiratory

8. deadliest

9.

worldwide

10. differentiate

Exercise 46
1.

natural

2. producers

3. extinction

4. terrified

5.

atmospheric

6. survival

7. deaths

8. nowhere

9.

worse

10. continuous

Exercise 47
1.

ineffective

2. climatic

3. irreversible

4. discovery

5.

description

6. majority

7. certainties

8. request

9.

existence

10. representatives

E xe rcise 48
1.

occurrence

2. continuity

3.

Solar

5.

com prehensive 6. assessments 7. publication

9.

troublesome

4. expectations
8. disappearance

10. underestimated

E xe rcise 49
1.

unhappy

2. government 3. shocked

i. probability

5.

influential

6. destruction

8. healthy

244

7. advice

9.

politics

10. disagreement

Exercise 50
1. response

2. inaccurate

3. intention

4. behaviour

7. unwilling

8. interference

5.

establishment 6. allowance

9.

announcement 10. controversial

Exercise 51
1. encouraged

2. commitment

5.

denial

6. responsibilities 7. preventive

9.

enthusiasm

10. ignorance

3. predictive

4. unlikely
8. ungrateful

Exercise 52
1.

anger

2. investors

5.

encouragement 6. refusal

9.

successful

3. joint

4. unemployed

7. active

8. effective

10. realistic

Exercise 53
1.

attractive

2. financial

3. abolition

4. supportive

5.

impossible

6. progressive

7. economist

8. recovery

9.

simplicity

10. employees

Exercise 54
1.

newspaper

2. treatment

3. receipt

4. medical-

5.

pharmacist

6. scientific

7. poverty

8. systematic

9.

researching

10. publication

Exercise 55
1.

growth

2. hostile

3. invisible

4. variety

5.

remnants

6. height

7. failure

8. bloody

9.

activist

10. widespread

Exercise 56
1.

reduction

2. households 3. leakage

4. recycle

5.

pollutants

6. Inorganic

8. industrial

7. systematic

245

9.

possibility

10. revolutionary

E x e rc is e 57

1.

continuous

2. contributions,

dominant

5.

responsibility

6. global

9.

maintenance

10. recommendation

7. addition

4. argument
8. restrictive

E xe rcise 58
1.

expansion

2. freedom

3. growth

5.

supportive

6. enlargement 7. territorial

9.

justifiable

10. explanation

4. localities
8. totality

Exe rcise 59
1.

fertilize

2. hopeless

3. genetics

4. responses

5.

potentiality

6. possibility

7. beneficial

8. pressure

9.

successfully

10. breakthrough

Exercise 60
1.

speaking

2. preparation 3. encouraged

4. ensure

5.

correctly

6. likeness

7. tasteful

8. dangerous

9.

importance

10. heavily

E xe rcise 61
1.

observation

2. behaviour

3. association

4. saying

5.

surprisingly

6. unlikely

7. useful

8. proof

9.

sunshine

10. daily

E xe rcise 62
1.

amusing

2. depressed

3.

depressing 4 . disappointed

5.

surprising

6. interesting

7.

shocked

9.

disappointing

10. surprised

8 . convinced

E xe rcise 63
1.

possibility

2. defence

3. inaccurate

4. reliable

5.

successful

6. surprisingly

7. reputation

8. m otorists

246

9.

choice

10. vary

Exercise 64
1.

threatened

2. polluted

3. disappearance 4. scientists

5.

defence

6. completely

7. driving

8. household

9.

decision

10. ensure

Exercise 65
1.

Researchers

2. conclusion

3. development

4. illnesses

5.

growing

6. endangered

7. solution

8. carefully

9.

differently

10. encouraged

Exercise 66
1.

delightful

2. unchanged

3. commercial

4. charming

5.

attractive

6. crowded

7. fame

8. shortage

9.

traditional

10. enjoyable

Exercise 67
1.

settlement

2. southern

3. earliest

4. uninhabited

5.

surrounded

6. building

7. religious

8. successfully

9.

development

10. central

Exercise 68
1.

angry

2. expensive

3. well

4. annoyed

5.

conversation

6. silence

7. truth

8. embarrassed

9.

explanation

10. ashamed

3. flight

4. achievements

Exercise 69
1.

determined

2.

qualified

5.

marriage

6.

encouragement 7. detective 8, popularity

9.

death

10. isolated

E xercise 70
1.

width

2.

height

5.

popularity

6.

unfortunately 7. wonderful

3. disagreement 4. pressure
8. requirements
247

9.

inhabitants

10. rarely

Exercise 71
1.

successful

2. professional 3. assistance

4. secretarial

5.

ability

6. additional

8. negotiation

9.

requirement

10. applicants

7. fluently

Exercise 72
1.

Chinese

5.

unpleasant 6. death

9.

religious

4. births

2. com munication 3. reliable

7. warnings

8. commonly

10. celebration

Exercise 73
1.

advice

2.

recommendation 3. surprised

4. changes

5.

objection

6.

connection

8. threat

9.

laughter

10. apology

7. joking

E xercise 74
1.

beings

2. selection

3.

applicants

5.

unsuccessful

6. similarly

7. inadequate

9.

ability

10. honesty

4. advice
8. confidence

E xercise 75
1.

developm ent 2.

activities

3. frequently

5,

encourage

6.

imagination 7. unexpected

9.

related

10. knowledge

. behaviour
I . explanation

E xercise 76
1.

decision

2. professional 3. photography

4. reasonably

5.

allowance

6.

8. sale

9.

original

10. publisher

agency

7. useful

E xercise 77
1.

ability

2.

repeat

3. produced

4.

im provem ent

5.

amazing

6.

identify*

7. slightly

8.

com posers

248

9.

musical

10. possibility

Exercise 78
1.

variety

2. director

3. inhabitants

5.

growth

6. unemployment 7. agreement

9.

unable

10. decision

4. choice
8. loss

Exercise 79
1.

carefully

2. organizations 3. majority

5.

knowledge

6. teenagers

9.

entertainment 10. broaden

4. cultural

7. correspondence 8. obligation

Exercise 80
1.

wealthy

2. ambitious

3. journalist

4. decision

5.

highly

6. incredibly

7. amusement

8. unlucky

9.

happily

10. ability

Exercise 81
1.

originally

2. fighters

3. violence

4. respectful

5.

inexpensive

6. youth

7. instructors

8. demanding

9.

strength

10. enjoyable

Exercise 82
1.

paintings

2.

5.

surrounding 6.

9.

daily

artist

3. impressive

4.

opening

7. unfortunately 8.

connections
illness

10. admission

Exercise 83
1.

best-looking

2. attraction 3. regularly

4. announcement

5.

disappointment 6. foolish7. knowledge 8. efficiency

9.

thought

10. simply

Exercise 84
1.

competition

5.

thoroughly

2. performance 3. nervous
activity
7.6. carefully

4. successful
8. im prisoned
249

9.

political

10. explanation

E xe rcise 85
1.

attractive 2.

tourists

3. achievement 4 . employer

5.

originality 6.

communication 7. unclear

9.

success

8 . traditional

10. apprearance

E xe rcise 86
1.

invention

2. achievements 3. entertainment 4. production

5.

recognized

6. similarities

9.

possibility

10. knowledge

7. written

8. expensive

4. illnesses

E xe rcise 87
1.

researchers

2. conclusion

3.

development

5.

growing

6. endangered

7. solution

9.

differently

10. encouraged

8. carefully

E xe rcise 88
1.

disgusting

2. disapproval 3. thought

4. recently

5.

European

6. unsuitable

8. them stives

9.

performance

10. judgem ent

7. singing

E xe rcise 89
1.

enables

2.

5.

im portance 6.

9.

steadily

breathing

3. consideration 4 . harm ful

judgment

7. incorrectly

8 . demanding

10. difference

E xe rcise 90
1.

extraordinary 2. freezing

3.

assistance

5.

loneliness

6. hopeful

7. friendship

9.

poisonous

10. reasonable

4 . equipment
. heat

E xe rcise 91
1.

unem ploym ent 2. construction 3.

5.

advertising

250

6. qualified

shortly

7. intention

4. announcement
8. recently

9.

enthusiastic

10. wealthy

E xercise 92
1.

constantly

5.

tendency

9.

powerful

2. aching

3. loss

6. content

7. probably

4. explanation
8. responsibility

10. warning

Exercise 93
1.

conversation

5.

unpleasant

9.

listeners

2.
6.

researcher

3. housework

4. dominance

interruption 7. meaningful 8. argumentative

10. impression

Exercise 94
1.

impossible

5.

existence

9.

coastal

2. storage
6. able

3. fishers
7. length

4. unaware
8. technological

10. discoveries

Exercise 95
1.

comparatively 2. medical

5.

injuries

9.

illegal

3. contribution 4. advice

6. skilled/skilful 7. suspicious

8. professionally

10. equality

Exercise 96
1.

elsewhere 2.

5.

scientific

6.

9.

unlike

10.

naturally
researches

3. convenience

4. actors/actresses

7. actually

8. designed

appearance

251

C. W O R D S F R O M T H E S A M E F A M I L Y

1.

2.

3.

- unhappy

- advice

- willing

- happiness

- advise

- unwilling

- unhappiness

- advisable

- willingness

- happily

- willingly

4.

5.

6.

- surprised

- explain

- offended

- surprisingly

- explanation

- offender

- surprising

- explanatory

- offensive
- offence

7.

8.

9.

- apologetically

- truly

- purpose

- apology

- truth

- purpose

- apologetic

- true

- purposely
- purposeful
- purposeless

10.

11.

12.

- disagreed

- calculations

- collecting

- disagreeable

- calculator

- collectors

- agreeable

- calculating

- collection

13.

14.

15.

- com parison

- competitors

- confirm ation

- com parative

- competitive

- unconfirm ed

- com parable

- completion

16.

17.

- continuation

- advantageous

- insists

- discontinued

- advantage

- insistence

- continually

- disadvantage

- insistent

- continuous

- disadvantageous

- disagreement
- disagreements

252

18.

19.
- descriptive
- description
- describe
22.

- persuade
- persuasively
- persuasive
- persuasion

20.
- preventive
- prevent
- prevention
23.
- believe
- unbelievable
- unbelievably
- belief
26.
- suspect
- suspects
- suspicious
- suspicion

21 .
- punished
- punishable
- punishment
24.
- justice
- just
- injustice

29.

27.
- observation
- observers
- observable
- observing
30.

- divisive

- deadly
- die

- generous
- generously

- divisible

- dead

- generosity

31.

32.

33.

- sarcastically

- criticize

- weigh

- sarcastic
- sarcasm

- critical
- criticisms

- weight

25.
- preferable
- preference
- prefers
28.
- division

- weigh
- weight
- weighty

- valuable

35.
- decide

36.
- forgetful

- value

- decisive

- unforgettable

- value

- decision

- forgotten

- value, valuable

- decisive, indecision

34.

- valueless
37.
continuation

39.

- continuous

38.
- extend
- extension

- continuously

- extensively

- pretences

- extensive

- pretentious

- extended

- pretence

- pretend
- pretensions

253

40.

41.

- Different

- cultivate

- differently

- uncultivated

42.
- Visual
- visualize

- differs

- cultivation

- visually

- differ

- cultivated

- different
- differences
43.

44.

45.

- consumers

- negotiate

- likelihood

- consumption

- non-negotiable

- likely

- consuming

- negotiable

- unlikely

- negotiations

46.

47.

48.

- energy

- decorator

- dem onstrator

- energetically

- decorations

- dem onstration

49.

50.

51.

- dependent

- dictation

- direction

- independence

- dictatorial

- directly

- energetic

- directory
- directors
52.

53.

54.

- economical

- electrician

- em ployees

- economics

- electricity

- unem ployed

- economically

- electrical

- em ployer

- economise / ize

- electrical

- em ploym ent

55.
- enthusiastically
- enthusiastic

254

D. CONVERTED WORDS
Exercise 1
2.

1.

guess

6.

touched 7.

kicked

3.

cut

4.

help

8.

knocking 9.

drink

5.

fall

dropped 10. escape

11. drink

12. cut

13. kick

14. guess

15. fall

16. touch

17. help

18. knock

19. drop

20. escape

2.

dress

3.

need

4.

kicked

5.

help

8.

drove

9.

turn

10. voice

Exercise 2
1.

dress

6.

whispered 7.

11. shivering 12. need

16. help

moving

13. kick

14. move

15. whisper

17. drive

18. voice

19. turned

20. shiver

2.

wound

3.

order

4.

5.

pay

8.

harmed 9.

Exercise 3
1.

copy

6.

worries 7.

11. copy

attack

screeched 10. smile

12. wounded 13. ordered 14. attack

16. worries 17. screech

comforted

15. comfort

18. harm

19. paid

20. smiled

Exercise 4
1.

mistake 2.

handle

3.

group

4.

joke

5.

6.

grip

hand

8.

sleep

9.

head

10. stops

7.

11. mistake 12. handled 13. grouped 14. stop

16. sleep

17. hand

18. grip

sound

15. headed

19. sounds

20. joke

Exercise 5
1.

watch

2.

fanning 3.

sight

4.

fingers

5.

6.

fans

7.

sighted 8.

finger

9.

break

10. fans

11. man

12. shoulder 13. cover

break

14. manned 15. wonder

16. shoulder 17. covered 18. wonder 19. hammered20. hammer

255

E x e rc is e 6

1.

toil

2.

ironed

3.

move

6.

waste

7.

moved

8.

partition 9.

4.

partition 5.
iron

tailing

10.

11. echo

12. gazing

13. neglecting 14. ruined

15.

16. ruin

17. echoed

18. neglect

19. gaze

20.

E xe rcise 7
1.

worry

2.

voice

3.

raise

4.

loaned

5.

6.

worry

7.

voiced

8.

touch

9.

raise

10.

13. plan

11. wear

12. colours

16. wear

17. coloured 18. market

touch

14. request 15.

19. requested 20.

E xe rcise 8
1. favour
6. favour
11. taste
16. locked

2.

design

3.

guard

4.

overhaul 5.

stay

guards 9.
stay
10.
7.
designs 8.
14. marked 15.
12. lock
13. poison
17. hurry
18. poisoning 19. tasted
20.

E xe rcise 9
1.

noticed

Oa,
L

notice

6.

heaps

7.

rescued 8.

3.

offer

4.

struggle 9.

contact

5.

screams 10.

11. contact

12. screamed 13. struggle 14. rescue

15.

16. heaped

17. arrest

20.

18. brush

shocked

19. brush

E xe rcise 10
I.

dressed 2.

dresses 3.

paused

4.

pause

6.

polishing 7.

rushed

8.

rush

9.

finished 10. finish

II. hurried 12.

hurry

13. tipped

16. knock

increase 18. increases 19. signaled 20. signal

256

17.

14. tips

5.

polish

15. knock

E. COMPOUND WORDS
Exercise 1
1. breakout

2. takeover

3. setbacks 4. oversight

5.

6. income

7. upkeep

8. intake

10. make-up

9. outbreak

comeback

Exercise 2
1. lay-offs

2. look-over

3. bypass

6. by-product 7. change-over 8. outcry

4. outlook

5.

uptake

9. offshoot

10.

outcome

5.

outlet

Exercise 3
1. downpour

2. upturn

3. outlay

6. turnover

7. layout

8. shake-up 9. downfall

4. cutback

10. overcoat

Exercise 4
1. breakthrough 2. stand-by 3.

by-election 4. hold-up

5.

tie-up

6. comedown 7. upsurge

8.

showdown 9. bystanders 10. write-off

3.

byway

Exercise 5
1. after-care 2. undercurrent

6. byword 7. undergraduate 8.

4. lookout

afterthought 9. walkout

5.

drawbacks

10. outburst

Exercise 6
1.

match-maker

2. bill-collector

3. school-leavers

4.

problem-solver

5. breakdown

6. fallout

7.

run-through

8. sell-out

9. splashdown

10. walkover
Exercise 7
1.

man-made

2. poverty-stricken

3. smoke-filled

4.

wind-blown

5. steam-driven

6. horse-pulled

7.

bed-ridden

8. breast-fed

9. hen-pecked

10. sunburnt

257

E x e rc is e 8

1.

law-abiding

2. time-consuming

3. dxxoght-provoking

4.

labour-saving

5. Peace-loving

6. life-giving

7.

hair-splitting

8. awe-inspiring

9. soul-searching

10. heart-breaking
E xe rcise 9
1.

out-of-date

2. good-for-nothing

3. well-to-do

4.

touch-and-go

5. hit-and-run

6. on-the-job

7.

step-by-step

8. live-and-let-live

9. behind-the-scenes

10. happy-go-lucky
E xe rcise 10
1.

top-notch

2. second-hand

3. last-minute

4.

long-term

5. large-scale

6. short-sighted

7.

short-listed

8. short-lived

9. second-rate

10. long-distance

F. C O N FU S IN G W O R D S
Exe rcise 1
1. interesting 2. salary

4.

5.

wages

7. amusing 8. exact

9.

tasty

10.

polite

1. likeable

2. likeable 3. brave

4.

fussy

5.

lively

6. latest

7. poor

8. dim

9.

bad

10.

generous

2. lift

3. stole

4.

robbed

5.

graceful

8. briefly

9.

usual

10.

agreed

6. sick

3. a little

E xe rcise 2

E x e rcise 3
1. ride

6. thankful 7. very

E x e rcise 4

1. vacancies 2. to let
6. room

3.

7. countryside 8.

toilet

4.

washbasin 5.

manager 9.

floor

guests

10. full

raise

5.

Exercise 5
1. let

2.

win

3. born

4.

6. breathe

7.

disease

8. dependent 9.

cloth

advise

10. homemade

Exercise 6
1. remind

2. are found 3. agreed

6. buy

7. made o f

8.

1. in

2.

later

6. when

7.

in

lie

4.

fall

5.

listen

9.

take part

10.

put

3.

4.

back
this

5.

yet

8.

9.

coming
on

10.

ago

4.

soon

Exercise 7

Exercise 8
1. you

2.

6. in the end 7.

before that 3.
even

for

8.

evening 9.

5.

at

final

10. never

Exercise 9
1. cathedral 2.

terrace

3. room

6. outside

ground

8.

7.

4.

room

downstairs 9.

5.

window

church 10. stairs

Exercise 10
1. convince 2.

persuade 3.

6. dark

darkness 8. drowned 9.

7.

price

4.

cost
sank

5.

advice

10. in the end

Exercise 11
1. to be with 2.

revenge

3.

learn

6. take out 7.

care for

8. said

4.
9.

study

5.

learn

invented 10. puts on

Exercise 12
1. already

2.

all right 3. all right 4.

6. swim

7.

bathe

8.

brake

9.

always
suits

5.
10.

anyone
dead
259

E x e rc is e 13

1. dead

2. desert

3. dying

6. flowed

7. found

8. forty-four 9. hes

1. laid

2. lie

3. lying

4.

live

5.

6. leave

7. loud

8. loud

9.

maybe

10. met

1. leg

2. habit

3. rise

4.

foot

5.

6. home

7. floor

8. history

9.

poetry

10. ground

1. latest

2. clear

3. further

4.

every

5.

6. tall

7. older

8. sorry

9.

older

10. oldest

2. cooker

3. delayed

4.

cancelled 5.

denied

8. dye

9.

misused 10.

unused

4. every day 5.
10.

fifteen
its

E xe rcise 14
lose

E xercise 15
price

E xe rcise 16
big

E xercise 17
1. cook

6. refusing 7. died
E xe rcise 18
1. people

2. finger

3. scene

4.

woman

5.

cause

6. rode

7. swim

8. brake

9.

desert

10.

suits

4.

paid for

5.

quiet

their

10

by

the

5.

time

E xe rcise ^19
1. off

2. past

3.

paid

6. reach

7. sometimes

8.

Theyre 9.

E xe rcise 20
1. after all 2. at first

3. the

6. oclock

8. a moment 9.

7. for

4.

just now 10.

last

E xe rcise 21
1. last

2. last

3. lately

4.

during

5.

long

o. a

7. takes

8. at

9.

next

10.

once

260

Exercise 22
1. careless 2. carefree 3. carried
6. chief

4.

take

5.

chef

classic

*0. classical

7. childish

8. childlike 9.

1. see

2. refused

3. convinced 4.

6. hung

7. let go off 8. take off

9.

leave

10. lend

2. latter

3. shortly

4.

clean

5.

8. some

9.

dead

10. lose

Exercise 23
looking 5.

study

Exercise 24
1. each

6. nervous 7. angry

last

Exercise 25
2. glassy

3. gold

4.

golden

5.

silvery

7. stone

8. stony

9.

Steel

10.

steely

1. lead

2. leaden

3. woolen

4.

wool

6. wooden

7. job

8. journey

9.

homework 10.

1/ Glass
G1
I

silver
sil

Exercise 26
5.

woolen
lay

Exercise 27
1. timetable 2.

leave

6. educate

rubber 8. prospectus 9.

7.

3. boarders 4.

principal

5. kindergarten

syllabus 10. a prize

Exercise 28
1. experiment 2. discovered 3. ease
6. benches

4. workshop 5.

7. training 8. sheet 9. a report

grammar school

10. admit

Exercise 29
1. certificate 2. place

3. mark

4.

practical

5.

revision

6. technology 7. scholars 8. mark

9.

lecture

10. private

Exercise 30
1. noted

2. diagram 3. knowledge

6. gymnastics 7. physics

8. policy

4.

fail

5.

subject

9.

arise

10.

get
261

E x e rc is e 31

1. behind

2. in

3. take

4.

with

5.

6. from

7. was able to 8. middle

by

9.

chance

10. occasions

3.

garments 4.

clothes

5.

8.

to the north 9.

in the north

10. conquered

E xercise 32
1. with

2. for

6. committed 7. made

a clothe

E xe rcise 33
1. with

2. effect

3. intelligent 4.

intellectual 5.

intense

influence
6. intensive 7. interesting 8. interested 9.

intolerable 10. intolerant

Exercise 34
1. late

2. lately

3. lay

6. as

7. listen to 8. herd

4.

lay

5.

like

9.

loose

10.

lose

cheap/

5.

clean

10.

dear/

Exe rcise 35
1. brightly 2. bright/

3. cheaply

brightly
6. clean/

7. clear

cheaply
8. clearly

dear

cleanly

dearly

E xe rcise 36
1. First

2. flat

3. flatly

4.

fully

5.

full

6. low

7. lowly

8. prettily

9.

pretty

10.

right

1. about

2. on

3. in

4.

at

5.

besides

6. in

7. at

8. in

9.

between 10.

at

1. at

2. since

3. to

4.

at

o.

in

6.beside

7. into

8. in

9.

till

10.

drive

E xercise 37

E xe rcise 38

262

E x e rc ise 39

1. entered

2. an friendly 3. famous

4.

known

5.

notorious

6. distant

7. found out 8. find

9.

floor

10. left

4.

when

5.

8. living

9.

ashamed 10. embarrasse<

3. beside

4.

briefly

5.

9.

headline

10. imaginative

4.

sew

E xercise 40
1. in the way 2. on the way 3. crying
6. charged

7. alive

accused

E xercise 41
1. spectators 2. effect

6. continual 7. inspected 8. for

by

E xercise 42
1. permit

2. rise

3. receipt

5.

scenery

6. shadow

7. stationery 8. wandered 9.

outoforder 10.

1. take up

2. put

3. latest

4.

last

5.

6. left

7. for

8. given up

9.

gave

10. like

3. refused

4.

reject

5.

restful

10. restless

much

E xercise 43
yesterday

Exercise 44
1. recognize 2. realized
6. moved

7. respectable 8. respectful 9.

removed

Exercise 45
1. take place 2. avenge

3. persuade

4.

6. get, receive 7. taught

8. take care of 9.

raise

5.

has

may

10.

make

E xercise 46
1. noticeable 2. notable
6. officials

3. happened 4.

7. outdoors 8. outdoor

9.

took place 5.

officer

overwork 10.

overtime

Exercise 47
1. draught

2. draft

6. every day 7. excited

3.

economic 4.

economical 5.

everyday

8.

exciting

exhausted 10.

axhausting

9.

263

E x e rc is e 48

1. extended 2. extensive 3. wellknown

6. free

4.

notorious

5.

freely

7. frightened 8. frightening9.

fun

10. funny

1. refuse

2. drowned 3. rob

4.

restored 5.

fell

6. took

7. sleep

9.

learning 10.

give up

E xercise 49

8. beat

E xercise 50
1. produce

2. products 3. promised 4.

promising 5.

readable

6. legible

7. reasonable 8. rational

receipts

recipe

9.

10.

H. D E R IV A T IV E W O R D S
E xercise 1
I

1.

descriptive,
description

2. destroyer,
destructive,

3. identity,
identification

destruction
4.

developing
development,

5. powerful,
empower

6. im pression,
im pressive

developer
7.

appearance,
disappearance

8. explanation,
explanatory

9. m anageable,
mismanagement,
m anagem ent
m anager

10. helpless,
helpful,
helpfulness

264

E x e rc ise 2

1.

persuasive,

2. constructive,

persuasion,

construction

3.

dead, death,
deadly

persuasiveness
4.

appearances,
disappeared,

5. difficulty,

6.

difficulties

childhood,
child-like/childish

disappearance
7.

memorize,
memorable,

childish,

8. painful, pains,

9.

pains

fearless, fearful,
feared

memory
10. frightful,
frightfulness
frightened
E xercise 3
1.

volunteers,

2. organization,

volunteer,

organizer

3.

helpfulness,
helpless

voluntarily
4.

7.

examination,

helpers, helpful,

5. exclamations,

6.

creators,

examiner,

creatures, creative,

examinee

creativity

decision,
decisive

8. immovable,

9.

useless, useful,
usefulness, use

movement

10. entertainment,
entertaining
Exercise 4
1.

worth wile,
worthy, worthy

2. elaborated,

3.

elaborately,

exhaustion,
exhaustive

elaboration
4.

truthful,
truthfulness,
truth

5. height,
heighten

6.

enthusiastic,
enthusiastically
enthusiast

265

7.

inspiring,
inspiration

8. admirable,
admiring,

9.

protective,
protection

admiration,
admirers
10. endanger,
dangerous
Exe rcise 5
1.

astonishment,
astonishing

4.

neighbourhood,
neighbouring

7.

splendidly,
splendour

2. description,

com pletely,

describing,

com pletion,

descriptive

complete

5. intruder,

thoughtful,

intrusive

thoughtless,

intrusion

thought

8. furious, furiously,
infuriated

darkened,
darkness

10. reluctantly,
reluctance
E xe rcise 6
1.

anxiously,
anxiety

2. mountaineer,

3. acceptable,

mountainous,

acceptance

mountaineering
4.

uncontrollably,
control,

5. sarcastically,
sarcasm

uncontrollable

6. respectable,
respectful,
respectability
respect

7.

laughter,
laughable,

continuous,

laughing

continued

10. operator,
operation

266

8. continuity,

9. explosive,
explosion

E x e rc is e 7

1.

4.

deception, deceit,

2. invitations,

deceitful,

invitation

deceptive

inviting

timely, untimely,

5. appearance,

timed
7.

response,

3. sunny, sunshine,
sunset
6. belief,

disappeared,

unbelievable,

disappearance

believable

8. manager,

9. attractive,
attraction

management,

responsive

manageable
10.

pain, painless

Exercise 8
1.

active, activities

2. brightly,

shock, shocking,

spirit

brightness

inactive
4.

3. spirited, spirited

5. confusion,

6. surprised,
surprisingly

confusing

shockingly

surprising
7.

hastily, haste,

8. embarrassingly,

9. disappointment,

hasty,

embarrassing,

disappointingly

hastened, haste

embarrassment

disappointment

10. quarrelsome,
quarrelling,
quarrels
Exercise 9
1.

improving,

2. quicken, quickly,

im provem ent

3.

quickness

continuous,
continuously,
continuity

4.

laughter,
laughingly,
laughing

5. sighted, dimly,
.

dim,
dimness

6.

unthinkable,
thought,
thought

267

7.

violently,

8. deafening, deafen,

violence,

9.

children.
childless, child-like

deafness

childish

violent
10. incapable,
capable,
capability
E xe rcise 10

1.

strangely,

2. logically, logic,

stranger
4.

7.

3.

illogical
5. servant,

employees,

com parison,
com paratively

6.

inventor,

employment,

service, servicing

inventive,

employers

serviceable

invention

impression,

8. poor, poverty,

impressed,

9.

poverty

unfortunate,
fortunate,

impression,

m isfortune

impressive
10. bleeding, bloody,
blooded, blood
E xe rcise 11

1.

disapprove

2. disappeared

3. discontinue

4.

dislike

5. disagree

6. displeased

7.

dissatisfied

8. misunderstand

9. m isspell

10.

m isnumbered

11. misbehave

12. m isinform ed

E xe rcise 12
1.

disagreement

2.

disappearance

3.

m isinform ation

4.

injustice

5.

inconvenience

6.

im m orality

7.

irregularity

8.

inequality

9.

discom forts

10. misfortune

268

11. unemployment

12. uncertainty

E xercise 13
1.

dishonest

2.

disloyal

3.

unchangeable

4.

uncomfortable

5.

unwilling

6.

unpopular

7.

inactive

8.

icomplete

9.

impatient

10. impossible

11. irregular

12. irresponsible

13. illiterate

14. illegal

15. non-existent

Exercise 14
1.

driver

2.

inspector

3. visitors

4.

servant

5.

assistant

6. hunter

7.

sailor

8.

owner

9. readers

10. employer
Exercise 15

1.

direction

2.

introduction

3. reaction

4.

education

5.

examination

6. imagination

7.

persuasion

8.

invitation

9. permission

10. explanation

11. division

12. description

13. information

14. hesitation

15. investigation

16. entertainment

17. movements

18. imprisonment

19. achievements

20. argument

269

M U C LU C

PART I. PHONETIC (NGQ AM)

A. Pronounciation
B. Stressed Syllable

5
39

PART II. VOCABULARY (TLf VI/NG)

A. Multiple C ho ice

Key

270

59

B. W ords Form s

110

C. W ords from the sam e family

161

D. Converted words

172

E. Com pound words

183

F. Confusing words

191

H. Derivative words

213
229

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