: This is the graphical representation of Gibbs energy (?

G) vs T for the formatio

n of oxides of metals. This provides a sound basis for considering the choice of
reducing agent in the reduction of oxides. Such diagrams help us in predicting
the feasibility of thermal decomposition of an ore. The basis of feasibility is
the Gibbs energy to be negative at a certain temperature.
From the above plots, if is clear that heating (i.e. increasing T) favours a neg
ative value for ?rG. Therefore, we choose the temperature in such a way that the
sum of ?rG in the two combined redox reactions is negative. This is indicated by
the point of intersection of the two curves (i.e. curve for MxO and that for the
oxidation of the reducing substance) in Ellingham diagram (?rG vs T plot). After
that point, the ?rG value becomes more negative for the combined process includi
ng the reduction of MxO . The difference in the two ?rG values after that point d
etermines whether reductions of the oxide of the upper line is feasible by the e
lement represented by the lower line. The reduction is easier, if the di88988985
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Ecell = E0cell - (RT/nF)lnQ

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Ecell = cell potential under nonstandard conditions (V)

E0cell = cell potential under standard conditions
R = gas constant, which is 8.31 (volt-coulomb)/(mol-K)
T = temperature (K)
n = number of moles of electrons exchanged in the electrochemical reaction (mol)
F = Faraday's constant, 96500 coulombs/mol
Q = reaction quotient, which is the equilibrium expression with in
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