ADDITIONAL EXERCISE 1

1. Consider the following matrices:

2 5
3 2

,B
,C

3 4
5 4

1 2 3
1 1

D 5 1 6 , E 4 2
7 2 8
5 2

6
1 7
8

3 2 6

6 , F 4 1 8
5 0 7
5
5

Perform the following operation if possible.

a)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)

A+B
b) D + E
AC
DF
Matrix X such that A + 2X = C
Matrix X such that D 2X = F
BA
ED
1 2

3 4

A
2. Given that

5 6

7 8

B
and

, find BA.

3. Perform the indicated matrix operations, if possible.

4 0

, B

1 2

a)
b)
c)
d)

0
3
2 3

,
C

2
9
5

,
D

4
4 0

BA
C+D
A+B
A+D
1 2

3 4

A
4. Given that

0 1

2 3

A
and

, find -5A +2B.

 1 2

3 4

A
5. Given that

0 2
1

3 1 4

A
6. For

1
A 2
3

7. Given that

5 6

7 8

B
and

, find BA.
0 1
B 1 2
0 2
and
, find AB.

B 4 5

, find AB.
1 1 4
A 3 2
1
4 5 2
8. Find the transpose of matrix A where
.
2 1
2 1
P 1 3 , Q
3 2
0 3
R

2 2
1 4
9. Given that,
and
.
a)

Show that

PQ T

QT PT

T T

b)

Show that

c)

Find

d)

Find

Q R T
3P T

10. Let

2 3 k
A 1 4 2
2 10 5

constant

11. If

and

, such that

1 2 4
A 6 2 0
5 2 1

2
B 0
1

,
AB C T

, find

and

C 6 4 9

. Find the value of a

12. If

13. If

a)

1 0 0
A 2 2 0
1 3 4
1 2 4
A 6 2 0
5 2 1

2 2

3 2

d)

e)

f)

g)

h)

, find

, find

14. Find determinant of the following matrices.

5 0
A

3 1
A

c)

b)
1 2 4
A 3 2 1
0 0 2

3 4 5
A 6 7 8
9 10 11
1
0
3

A 2 4 3
5
4 2
1
3 3

A 1 0 4
1 3 5
1 3 2
A 2 5
4
7 1 6
1 2 1
A 1 0 3
4 0 2

i)

j)

3 2 3
A 5 3 8
1 1 3
2 1 0
A 3 1 4
1 1 2

15. Find the determinant, all minors and cofactors, and the inverse of each of the
following matrices:
1 1 1
2 2 3

4 0 0
(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

a)

2 1 1
2 0 3

4 0
4
5 2 1
2 1 4

2 0 2
10 5 1
2 1 4

4 0 4

16. By using elementary row operation method, find the inverse of the following
matrices:
3 1
A

5 2
2 3

4 4

A
b)

4
6

2 1

A
c)

 1 2 0
A 5 4 2
2 1 2

d)

4 4 2
A 0 5 1
4 3 2

e)

1 0 1
A 1 2 3
3 1 5

f)

17. Given

18.

1 1 2
A 4 0 3
5 1 2

Given

19. Given

20. If

. Find
1 2 3
A 1 3 5
1 5 12

1 2 3
A 5 1 6
7 2 8

0 1
4

A 2
1 3

1 2 5

and

A 1

. Find

A 1

A 1

. Find
1
C 3

.
2 1
1 4

5 2

Determine a matrix B , such that

A . B=C

21. Solve the following systems using Gaussian elimination with back substitution
method.

x 2y 3
a)

x 2y 7
3x 2 y 5

b)

x 2y 3
2x 3 y 1

c)

x y z 2
3x 2 y z 8
2x 3y 4z 0

d)

x 7 y 4z 9
x 2 y 2z 2
x 3y z 4

e)

2x 4 y z 2
3x 6 y 2 z 3
2x y 2z 1

f)

22. Use Gauss-Jordan elimination method to solve the following systems of linear
equations.

a)

4x 3y 9
3x 2 y 7

b)

c)

d)

e)

x 2y 2
5x 4 y 3
3x 2 y z 3
5 x 4 y 3z 3
6x y z 5
x 2y
2x 5y
x y

2z 0
4z 2
6z 4

2 ( i 3i 2 ) +5 ( i 3i 1 )=4
( i2 i3 ) + 2i2+ ( i2i1) =0
5 ( i1 i3 ) + 2 ( i 1i 2 ) +i 2=1

f)

2x 5 y z
x 2 y 3z
2x 6 y

12

6
6

23. A company produces three products x, y and z. each item of product x requires 20
units of steel, 2 units of plastic and 1 unit of glass. Each item of product y requires
25 units of steel, 5 units of plastic and no unit of glass. Each item of product z
requires 150 units of steel, 10 units of plastic and 0.5 unit of glass. The available
amount of steel, plastic and glass are 2400, 310 and 28 respectively. How many
items of each type can be the company produce and utilize all the available raw
materials?
24. Hassan pays RM200 for 2 pair of shirts and 2 pair of trousers while Ali pays
RM500 for one shirt and 6 trousers for Hari Raya. If x and y represents the price
of shirt and trouser respectively, write a system of linear equation in matrix form
based on the information given. Determine the price of a shirt and a trouser.

25. Hashim feeds his cats with different mixture of three types of food, namely, X, Y
and Z, as given below:

Food X

: 10mg protein, 5mg carbohydrates, 15mg vitamins

Food Y

: 15mg protein, 10mg carbohydrates, 5mg vitamins

Food Z

: 15mg protein, 5mg carbohydrates, 15mg vitamins

Assume that cats require 190mg of protein, 95mg carbohydrates and 160mg of
vitamins. Find how many grams of each food Hashim should feed his cats daily to
satisfy their nutrient requirements.

26. Consider the electric circuit shown in the diagram below:

By applying the Current law to the point A and also point B, we obtain

I1 I 2 I 3
the

. At the left hand loop, by using Ohms law, the voltage drop across

resistor is

8I 1

, the voltage drop across the

resistor is

6I 2

, while the

5I 1
5
voltage drop across the
resistor is
. On the other hand, the voltage drop
across the 20V electrical source is negative, since the positive direction of the loop
is from to +. By applying the Voltage law for this loop now gives
8 I 1 6 I 2 5 I 1 20 0

and we have the linear equation

13I 1 6 I 2 20

right hand loop, by using Ohms law, the voltage drop across the

. At the

resistor is

8I 3
8
and the voltage drop across the
resistor is
. On the other hand, the
voltage drop across the 30V electrical source is negative, since the positive
direction of the loop is from to +. By applying the Voltage law for this loop now
6I 2

gives

6 I 2 8 I 3 30 0

Determine the currents

and we have the linear equation

I1 , I 2

and

I3

3I 2 4 I 3 15

by using Gaussian elimination method.

27. A dietitian in a hospital is to arrange a special diet using three basic foods. The
diet is to include exactly 340 units of calcium, 180 units of iron, and 220 units of
vitamin A. The number of units per ounce of each special ingredient for each of
the foods is indicated in the table below. How many ounces of each food must be
used to meet the diet requirements? Find the solution using elementary row
operation method.
Units per ounce
Food A

Food B

Food C

Calcium

30

10

20

Iron

10

10

20

Vitamin A

10

30

20

28. A small manufacturing plant makes three types of inflatable boats: one-person,
two-person, and four-person models. Each boat requires the services of three
departments, as listed in the table below. The cutting, assembly and packaging
departments have available a maximum of 380, 330 and 120 labor-hours per
week, respectively. How many boats of each type must be produced each week for
the plant to operate at full capacity? Find the solution using Gaussian elimination
method.
One-person
boat

Two-person
boat

Four-person
boat

Cutting
department

0.5 h

1.0 h

1.5 h

Assembly
department

0.6 h

0.9 h

1.2 h

Packaging
department

0.2 h

0.3 h

0.5 h

29. The following table gives nutritional information for Subways 6-inch sandwiches
advertised with 6 grams of fat or less.

Calories

Fat
(g)

Carbohydrates
(g)

Protein
(g)

Veggie Delight

350

18

17

36

Oven-roasted chicken breast

430

19

46

20

Ham (Black Forest without cheese)

290

45

19

Sandwich

Suppose you are going to eat only Subway 6-inch sandwiches for a week (seven
days) for both lunch and dinner (total of 14 meals). If your goal is to eat 388
grams of protein and 4900 calories in those 14 sandwiches, how many of each
sandwich should you eat that week? Find the solution using Gaussian elimination
method.
30. Mr. Tan want to support his wife on her dietary plan. He decided to investigate the
carbohydrate content of the vegetable they plant. Together , 1 cup of raw cabbage,
5 raw cauliflowers, and 1 cup of raw tomatoes contain 12 gram of carbohydrates.
One cup of raw cabbage and 6 raw cauliflowers have one-half the carbohydrates
of 1 cup of raw tomatoes. One cup each of raw cabbage and raw tomatoes has 3
times the carbohydrate content of 6 raw cauliflowers.Find the number of grams of
carbohydrates in the given portion size of each vegetable.
31. A feeding station in a field study provides for three types of deer: young deer,
adult females and adult males. There are 12 deer in all. In total, the deer consume
18.5 units of food and 14.5 units water each day. Suppose each young deer
consumes 1 unit of food and 0.5 unit of water each day. The corresponding values
for an adult female are 1.5 and 1, and for an adult male are 2 and 2. The ecologist
needs to figure out how many young deer, adult females and adult males are in the
herd.
32. Lawn Co. produces three grades of commercial fertilizers. A 100-lb bag of grade
A fertilizer contains 18 lb of nitrogen, 4 lb of phosphate, and 5 lb of potassium. A
100-lb bag grade B fertilizer contains 20 lb of nitrogen and 4 lb each of phosphate
and potassium. A 100-lb bag of grade C fertilizer contains 24 lb of nitrogen, 3 lb
of phosphate, and 6 lb of potassium. How many 100-lb bags of each of the three
grades of fertilizers should Lawn Co. produce if 264,000 lb of nitrogen, 4900 lb of
phosphate, and 6200 lb of potassium are available and all the nutrients are used?

33. Real Estate Cantwell Associates, a real estate developer, is planning to build a
new apartment complex consisting of one bedroom units and two- and threebedroom townhouse. A total of 192 units is planned, and the number of family
units (two- and three-bedroom townhouse) will equal the number of one-bedroom
units. If the number of one-bedroom units will be 3 times the number of threebedroom units. Find how many units of each type will be in the complex.
34. The following table shows the average departure delay per flight at the four
busiest airports in the US.

Airport

Atlanta

Chicago
O'Hare

Dallas-Fort
Worth

Los Angeles
Int'l.

Avg.
Delay
(minutes)

8.8

7.5

6.4

5.5

On a certain day, 100 flights depart from Atlanta, 80 from O'Hare, 70 from Dallas,
and 60 from Los Angeles. Use matrix algebra to compute the total delay on all
departing flights from these airports.