.

Clinical chemistry
1- . is the fluid (with anticoagulant) component of blood , it
contains salt
& organic compounds:
a. plasma
b. Serum
c. Hemoglobin
d. Billirubin
2- increased Hb destruction , the liver is unable to cup the greater
load of
pigment and bilirubin level well rises this is called :
a- hepatogenous jaundice
b- hemolytic jaundice
c- obstructive jaundice
d- non of the above
3- plays a role in visual cycle its deficiency leads to night
blindness,
-carotene is the major precursor of this vitamin in human:
a. vitamin E
b. vitamin A
c. vitamin K
d. vitamin D

4- .. are organic compounds required by the body in trace

amount ,
cant be synthesized by humans , but supplied by diet:
a. enzymes
b. vitamins
c. hormones
d. proteins
5- it facilitate the absorption of iron by reducing it to ferrus state
in the stomach
and its deficiency result in scurvy:
a. vit C
b. vit B
c. vit D
d. vit A
6- Its function is to transport oxygen from the lung to the tissue:
a. haptoglobin
b. hemoglobin
c. bilirubin
d. myoglobin

7- .. act as an antioxidant and its deficiency cause liver

degeneration:
a. vit E
b. vit A
c. vit K
8- its caused by liver parenchyma damage, the excretion of bile
greatly
decreased and the concentration of Bilirubin in the blood rise:
a. hemolytic jaundice
b. hepatogenous jaundice
c. obstructive jaundice
d. non of the above
9- play an essential role in body metabolism, a deficiency or
excess may
lead to serious dearrangement of body function:
a. enzymes
b. hormones
c. vitamins
d. isoenzymes
10- . will interfere with the chemical determination of
bilirubin ,
giving high variable results:
a. hemolytic
b. hemoglobin

c. vitamins
d. hormones

11- In hemolytic jaundice there will be increase. in

serum:
a. direct Bilirubin
b. indirect Bilirubin
c. total Bilirubin
d. all of the above

12- The inhibitor binds reversibly to the same site on the enzyme
that the
Substrate normally occupy, this type of inhibition is called:
a. competitive inhibition
b. non competitive inhibition
c. surface recognition
d. product concentration
13- Regulation of blood glucose level can be achieved by:
a. hormonal mechanism
b. hepatic and renal mechanism
c. (a) & (b)

d. non of the above

14- Insulin is a hormone secretes by:
a. cell of islet of langerhans in pancreas
b. cell of islet of langerhans in pancreas
c. suprarenal cortex
d. non of the above
15- Cholesterol is a component of all cell membrane and its the
precursor of:
a. bile acid
b. steroid hormones
c. vit D
d. all of the above
16- Anti diuretic hormone (ADH) secretion is controlled by:
a. rennin angiotensin
b. plasma osmlality
c. (a) & (b)
d. non of the above
17- The electrophoresis is based on differential migration of:
a. charged particles
b. uncharged particles
c. molecular weight

d. (a) & (b)

18- Acid base balance is regulated by:
a. oxygen concentration
b. hydrogen ion concentration
c. nitrogen ion concentration
d. (a) & (b)
19- its an increase in hydrogen ion concentration of the blood:
a. acidosis
b. alkalosis
c. acid base balance
d. (a) & (b)
20- Over production of acid associated with:
a. diabetes mellitus
b. lactic acidosis
c. methanol poisoning
d. all of the above
21- Serum bicarbonate is decreased in:
a. respiratory acidosis
b. metabolic acidosis
c. renal tubular acidosis
d. all of the above

22- Chronic deficiency in dietary calcium can lead to:

a. anemia
b. bronchial asthma
c. osteoporosis
d. none of the above

23- is due to decrease blood CO2:

a. metabolic acidosis
b. respiratory acidosis
c. respiratory alkalosis
d. metabolic acidosis
24- . is the most important factor affecting body sodium
content:
a. aldosteron secretion
b. antidiuretic hormone
c. testosterone
d. all of the above
25- If theres a mixture of protein (colloids) and salt (crystalloid)
they can
be separated by:
a. precipitation
b. dialysis

c. chromatography
d. electrophoresis
26- the predominant cation in intracellular fluid is :
a. sodium
b. potassium
c. calcium
d. phosphorus
27- Gonadal hormones estimation is important in:
a. detection of ovulation
b. assessment of amenorrhea
c. evaluation of delayed puberty
d. all of the above
28- The secretion of gonadal hormone is controlled by:
a. LH
b. FSH
c. TSH
d. (a) & (b)
29- The intensity of the color is directly proportional to the.
of the
analyte in the solution:
a. dilution

b. contamination
c. concentration
d. observation
30- Thecontain information of any health or safety rich
associated
with use or exposure to hazardous chemicals:
a. MSDS
b. NFPA
c. POLT
31- Instrument used to measure color changes in the labs:
a. microscope
b. centrifuge
c. photometer
d. all of the above
32- The color coded signs used to identify flammable chemicals:
a. blue
b. yellow
c. white
d. red
33- Quality assurance includes:
a. personal orientation

b. laboratory documentation
c. knowledge of laboratory instrumentation
d. all of the above
34- The laboratory procedure manual includes:
a. patient preparation
b. specimen collection & processing
c. specimen preservation , storage & transport
d. all of the above

35- The principal of reflectance photometer

a. measure the amount of light that pass through the solution
b. measure the amount of light that the solution absorbs
c. (a) & (b)
d. none of the above
36- It is mission is to save lives, prevent injuries, and protect
health of all
Workers in the lab. :
a. MSDS
b. NFPA
c. POLT
d. OSHA

37- Arterial blood samples are essential to do:

a. CBC
b. urea
c. c-blood glucose
d. blood gas analysis
38- Vacuum tubes with green stopper contain:
a. EDTA
b. sodium citrate
c. heparin
d. no anticoagulant
39- Serum separator tube is all of the following except:
a. contain gel that separate serum from cells during
centrifugation
b. contain clot activator to speed clot formation
c. has red & black mottled top stopper
d. used for coagulation tests
40- For phlebotomy we use all of the following except:
a. the hypodermic needle & syringe
b. the vaccum tube system
c. the monolet lancets
d. the winged infusion set

41- Lab. Equipment should be cleaned and disinfected with:

a. hypochlorite
b. formaldehyde
c. glutaraldehyde
d. (b) & (c)
42- Any blood split in the lab should be immediately swabbed
with:
a. hypochlorite
b. alcohol
c. soap
d. water
43- CBC is performed using:
a. serum
b. well mixed EDTA whole blood
c. plasma
d. none of the above
44- Which tube should be filled first in blood collection:
a. tubes with anticoagulant
b. tube without anticoagulant
c. tubes for blood culture
d. none of the above

45- The site of choice for capillary puncture in newborns is :

a. the earlobe
b. middle finger
c. the big toe
d. the lateral medial planter heel surface
46- urine output < 400 ml/24 hours is :
a. polyuria
b. anuria
c. oligouria
d. non of the above

47- precipitation of urates takes place in:

a. acidic urine
b. alkaline urine
c. neutral urine
d. all of the above
48- Its one of the causes of persistently acidic urine:
a. urinary tract infection
b. phenylketonurea
c. excessive bicarbonate ingestion
d. excessive ingestion of soda

49- Common cause of proteinuria:

a. alcoholism
b. fasting > 18 hours
c. diabetes mellitus
d. Bence- Jones proteins
50- dipstick detect acetoacetic acid and acetone which react with:
a. peroxides
b. nitroprusside
c. diazo compounds
d. indoxyl esters

51- in dipstick bilirubin reacts with :

a. nitroprusside
b. peroxides
c. indoxyl esters
d. diazo compounds
52- among the common cause of hematouria:
a. urogenital carcinoma
b. diabetes mellitus
c. heavy exercise
d. metabolic disorder

53- Large number of hyaline cast indicated:

a. acute pyelonephritis
b. proliferative glomerulonephritis
c. heart failure
d. all of the above
54- Red cell casts indicates:
a. acute pyelonephritis
b. proliferative glomerulonephritis
c. heart failure
d. all of the above

55- Crystals which look like envelope:

a. triple phosphate
b. cystine
c. uric acid
d. calcium oxalate
56- Biuret test is done to determine:
a. glucose
b. pentose
c. protein
d. galactose

57- Square plate like crystals with notched corners in synovial

fluid indicates:
a. uric acid
b. calcium pyrophosphate
c. cholesterol
d. monosodium urate
58-An organization
a. Is formed when 2 or more persons are brought together to
achieve a
common goal
b. Is closely related to planning
c. Involves structuring activities and functions within institutions
to achieve
the goals and objects
59- Patient preparation, specimen collection and technical
performance of
lab. test are general categories of..
a. Planning
b. Utilization of space
c. c-Work flow
d. Quality control
60-floor book manual includes the following except
a. Test name

b. Sample fluid
c. Minimum volume
d. Proper procedures for collecting routine and special tests
61- Collection procedure manual involve
a. Blood collection from pediatric patients
b. Intensive care blood collection
c. Isolation techniques for lab. Personnel
d. All of the above
62-On the container and \or lab requisition
a. Patient's full name should be put
b. Hospital number should be put
c. Date of collection should be put
d. All of the above
63. The unit of measuring PO2 in blood is
a. Mg/dl.
b. Gm/dl.
c. Ml/min.
d. mmHg
e. Mmol/l.
64. Pituitary gland called
a. Sweet gland
b. Mammary gland

c. Master gland
d. Purity gland
65. In elderly diabetic patients the renal threshold for glucose
a. Often raised
b. Often decrease
c. Dos not change
d. None.
66. An elevated sodium level is known as
a. Hypernatraemia
b. Hyponatraemia
c. Hypercholestremia
d. Hyperkalaemia
67. A raised potassium level is known as
a. Hypernatraemia
b. Hyponatraemia
c. Hypercholestremia
d. Hyperkalaemia
68. By using clinical flam photometer sodium and potassium
results are
displayed in
a. Mg/dl.
b. Gm/dl.

d. mmHg
e. Mmol/L.
69. Hyperglycemic hormones
a. Amylase
b. Insulin
c. Lipase
d. Glucagon
e. Trypsin
70. Hypoglycemic hormones
a. Amylase
b. Insulin
c. Lipase
d. Glycogene
71. Heparin tube color
a. Red
b. Blue
c. Green
d. Yellow
72. The two principal gonadotropins in vertebrates are
a. LH
b. FSH
c. A and B
d. ADH

73. One of the following tests not performed in chemical section

in the lab.
a. Liver enzymes
b. Hormones
c. Bone marrow aspiration
d. Creatinine
74. In potential diabetic patient, the confirming test used is
a. Random blood sugar
b. Fasting blood sugar
c. Oral blood sugar tolerance
d. All of the above

75. In emergency case which of the following test do for glucose

a. Fast blood sugar
b. Random blood sugar
c. Oral blood sugar tolerance
d. Post prandial blood sugar
76. Migration of protein in electrophoresis depend on
a. Weight of component only
b. Charge of component only
c. Shape size of component

d. Weight & charge of component

e. All of the above
77. Normal range of uric acid?
a. 2-5 mg/dl.
b. 3-7 mg/dl
c. 5-10 mg/dl
d. 70 -110 mg/dl
78. one of the following test use in myocardial
a. ck-mb
b. Creatinin clearance
c. sGPT
d. sGOt
79. Adrenal gland upside of
a. Liver
b. Kidney
c. Brain
d. Heart
80. The Normal range of HDL
a. 50- 80 mgldl
b. 70-100 mgldl
c. 100-150 mgldl

d. 10-20 mgldl
81. HbA1C for
a. 1-2 Weeks
b. 2-4 Weeks
c. 4-6 Weeks
d. 6- 8 Weeks
82.The following test do in chemical lab except
a. a. CBC
b. b. Creatinin
c. c. sGPT
d. d. Uric acid
83. Hypocalcaemia in patient occurs if the level of calcium is:
a. 16 mgldl
b. 12 mgldl
c. 10 mgldl
d. 7.5 mgldl
84. Growth hormone secreted from:
a. Thyroid gland
b. Pituitary gland
c. Parathyroid gland
d. Adrenal gland

85. Most common method used to detect hormone:

a. Microscope
b. Flamcytometer
c. ELIZA
d. PCR
86. All the following estimation can be done on plasma EDTA
blood except:
a. Glucose
b. Cholesterol
c. Urea
d. Calcium
87. Gout disease caused by:a. Uric acid
b. Urea
c. Glucose
d. Calcium oxalate
88. Best way to determine electrolyte:a. HPLC
b. Spectrophotometer
c. Flam photometer
d. Thin layer chromatography

89. In chemistry lab use:a. Green tube

b. Red tube
c. Blue tube
d. Lavender
90. Lipid and clot factor remove to obtain:a. Plasma
b. Plasma protein
c. Serum
d. Non above
91.Which of the following will increase the calcium concentration:
a. None restricted foods
b. Prolonged fast
c. prolonged application of tourniquet
d. None restricted drug
92. Reliable method to measure the PH is
a. PH meter
b. Litmus paper
c. . Indicator
d. none of the above
93. The following tests we do in emergency cases except

a. Electrolyte
b. Glucose
c. Blood gases
d. Albumin
94. Which of the following enzyme detect in the condition liver
and heart
disease:
a. Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)
b. AST
c. ALT
d. GGT
95. Use to determined Kidney function
a. Creatinin
b. Amylase
c. Transaminases
d. Creatin kinase
96. Which of the following enzyme detect in the condition liver
and bone
disease:
a. Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)
b. AST
c. ALT
d. GGT

97. Prolactin in female

a. Milk hormone
b. Oogenisis hormones
c. Leutinizing hormones
d. Steroid Hormones
98 Enzyme related to myocardial disease
a. CK-MB
b. ALT
c. AST
d. ALP

99. Liver enzymes related to

a. AIDS
b. Hepatitis
c. Herps
d. Influnza
s