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12/26/14
Tujuan
IMF
1. Memajukan
kerjasama
internasional
di
bidang
moneter
2. Mendorong
perluasan
perdagangan
internasional
3. Memajukan
stabilitas
nilai
tukar
mata
uang
4. Menurunkan
restriksi
kurs
5. Memperbaiki
ke7dakseimbangan
neraca
pembayaran
6. Memperluas
system
mul7lateral
dalam
pembayaran
dan
transaksi
7. Memberi
bantuan
keuangan
kepada
Negara-negara
berkembang
yang
mengalami
kesulitan
12/26/14
IMF
The
IMF
works
to
foster
global
growth
and
economic
stability.
It
provides
policy
advice
and
nancing
to
members
in
economic
dicul7es
and
also
works
with
developing
na7ons
to
help
them
achieve
macroeconomic
stability
and
reduce
poverty.
IMF
Membership
The
IMF
currently
has
a
near-global
membership
of
188
countries.
To
become
a
member,
a
country
must
apply
and
then
be
accepted
by
a
majority
of
the
exis7ng
members.
In
April
2012,
Republic
of
South
Sudan
joined
the
IMF,
becoming
the
ins7tu7on's
188th
member.
12/26/14
7-7
7-8
12/26/14
7-9
7-10
12/26/14
7-12
12/26/14
7-13
Objec7ves
of
the
Interna7onal
Monetary
Fund
1
To
promote
interna7onal
monetary
coopera7on
To
facilitate
the
expansion
and
balanced
growth
of
interna7onal
trade
To
promote
exchange
stability,
to
maintain
orderly
exchange
arrangements
among
members,
and
to
avoid
compe77ve
exchange
deprecia7on
To
assist
in
the
establishment
of
a
mul7lateral
system
of
payments
7-14
12/26/14
Objec7ves
of
the
Interna7onal
Monetary
Fund
2
To
give
condence
to
members
by
making
the
general
resources
of
the
IMF
temporarily
available
to
them
and
to
correct
maladjustments
in
their
balances
of
payments
To
shorten
the
dura7on
and
lessen
the
degree
of
disequilibrium
in
the
interna7onal
balances
of
payments
of
members
7-15
Kuota
When
a
country
joins
the
IMF,
it
is
assigned
an
ini7al
quota
in
the
same
range
as
the
quotas
of
exis7ng
members
of
broadly
comparable
economic
size
and
characteris7cs.
The
IMF
uses
a
quota
formula
to
help
assess
a
members
rela7ve
posi7on
Quotas
are
denominated
in
Special
Drawing
Rights
(SDRs),
the
IMFs
unit
of
account.
The
largest
member
of
the
IMF
is
the
United
States,
with
a
current
quota
of
SDR
42.1
billion
(about
$65
billion),
and
the
smallest
member
is
Tuvalu,
with
a
current
quota
of
SDR
1.8
million
(about
$2.78
million).
12/26/14
IMF
Drawings
General
Arrangement
to
Borrow
Swap
Arrangement
Compensatory
Financing
for
Export
Oil
Facility
Buer
stock
nancing
Facility
12/26/14
IMF
Bank Sentral
Cadangan uang
Tidak
memiliki
kewenangan
untuk
mencetak
uang
10
12/26/14
World
Bank
The
Interna4onal
Bank
for
Reconstruc4on
and
Development
(IBRD)
is
the
ocial
name
of
the
World
Bank.
Established
in
1945,
the
World
Banks
ini7al
goal
was
to
help
nance
reconstruc7on
of
the
war-torn
European
economies.
With
the
assistance
of
the
Marshall
Plan,
the
World
Bank
accomplished
this
task
by
the
mid-1950s.
It
then
adopted
a
new
missionto
build
the
economies
of
the
worlds
developing
countries.
As
its
mission
has
expanded
over
7me,
the
World
Bank
has
created
three
aliated
organiza7ons:
1)
The
Interna7onal
Development
Associa7on,
2)
The
Interna7onal
Finance
Corpora7on,
3)
The
Mul7lateral
Investment
Guarantee
Agency.
11
12/26/14
Interna4onal
Bank
for
Reconstruc4on
&
Development
Interna4onal
Development
Associa4on
Interna4onal
Finance
Corpora4on
Mul4lateral
Investment
Guarantee
Agency
Interna4onal
Centre
for
SeDlement
of
Investment
Disputes
7-24
12
12/26/14
Most
important,
the
World
Bank
must
follow
a
hard
loan
policy;
that
is,
it
may
make
a
loan
only
if
there
is
a
reasonable
expecta7on
that
the
loan
will
be
repaid.
In
response
to
cri7cism
from
poor
countries,
the
World
Bank
established
the
Interna4onal
Development
Associa4on
(IDA)
in
1960.
The
IDA
oers
soF
loans,
loans
that
bear
some
signicant
risk
of
not
being
repaid.
IDA
loans
carry
no
interest
rate,
although
the
IDA
collects
a
small
service
charge
(currently
0.75
percent)
from
borrowers.
The
loans
also
have
long
maturi7es
(normally
35
to
40
years).
The
two
other
aliates
of
the
World
Bank
Group
have
narrower
missions.
The
Interna4onal
Finance
Corpora4on
(IFC),
created
in
1956,
is
charged
with
promo7ng
the
development
of
the
private
sector
in
developing
countries.
Ac7ng
like
an
investment
banker,
the
IFC,
in
collabora7on
with
private
investors,
provides
debt
and
equity
capital
for
promising
commercial
ac7vi7es.
The
other
World
Bank
aliate,
the
Mul4lateral
Investment
Guarantee
Agency
(MIGA),
was
set
up
in
1988
to
overcome
private-sector
reluctance
to
invest
in
developing
countries
because
of
perceived
poli7cal
riskiness.
MIGA
encourages
direct
investment
in
developing
countries
by
oering
private
investors
insurance
against
noncommercial
risks.
13
12/26/14
14
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World
Bank
According
to
its
charter,
the
World
Bank
may
lend
only
for
produc7ve
purposes
that
will
s7mulate
economic
growth
within
the
recipient
country.
The
World
Bank
cannot
nance
a
trade
decit,
but
it
can
nance
an
infrastructure
project,
such
as
a
new
railroad
or
harbor
facility,
that
will
bolster
a
countrys
economy.
It
may
lend
only
to
na7onal
governments
or
for
projects
that
are
guaranteed
by
a
na7onal
government,
and
its
loans
may
not
be
7ed
to
the
purchase
of
goods
or
services
from
any
country.
15
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16
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17
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18