Локальная сеть. Самое необходимое PDF

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2-
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2011
681.3.06
32.973.202
54
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ISBN 978-5-9775-0636-6

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681.3.06
32.973.202
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ISBN 978-5-9775-0636-6
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............................................................................................................................ 9
............................................................................................................................... 10
........................................................................................................................ 11
............................................................................................................................. 11
..................................................................................................................... 11
........................................................................................................................ 12
I. ...................................................... 13
1. , , ......................... 15
.......................................................................... 15
- LPT- ........................................................................................... 16
- ........................................................................................ 18
IP- ................................................................................................................................ 18
.................................................................................................. 21
.............................................................................................. 26
Windows XP ................................ 27
Windows Vista ............................ 36
Linux ........................................... 42
Windows Vista..................................... 48
Windows Vista............................................ 49
Linux .................................................... 53
Linux Windows Vista................................. 57
............................................................................................. 58
........................................................................................................................ 58
.................................................................................................................. 62
Bluetooth ........................................................................ 70
Bluetooth .............................................................................................................. 71
Windows 7 ........................................................................................................................... 74
.................................................................................... 75
2. ........................................................................ 77
............................................................................................. 77
....................................................................... 78
Samba Linux ............................................................................................... 82

....................................................................................................... 86
Windows Vista ......................................................................................... 86
Linux ........................................................................................................ 90
..................................................................................................... 93
Windows ................................................................................ 94
....................................................... 94
............................................................................ 95
Windows Vista Linux ..................................................................................... 98
3. ............................................................................................ 130
.................................................................................................................................. 130
Windows .......................................................................................................... 131
Mandriva Linux ................................................................................................ 135
Windows Comodo ..................................................................................... 137
Firestarter........................................................................................................................ 140
.................................................................................................................................... 142
Avast! .................................................................................................................................... 143
AnVir Task Manager ............................................................................................................ 145
II. .................................................. 147

4. ....................................................... 149
.................................................................... 149
Windows Vista .............................................. 149
Windows XP ..................................................... 154
Windows 98 .......................................................... 157
...................................................................................... 158
............................................................................................................................... 161
.............................................................................................. 161
........................................................................................... 161
DNS ...................................................................................................................................... 162
IP- .............................................................................................................................. 162
.......................................................................... 163
OpenVPN...................................................................................................................................... 164
Hamachi ........................................................................................................................................ 167
NeoRouter ..................................................................................................................................... 169
NeoRouter Configuration Explorer ....................................................................................... 170
5. .......................................................................................... 175
............................................................................................................................... 175
Windows XP ........................................................................... 180
......................................................................................................... 180
Windows XP ............................................................................ 182
Linux Mint .............................................................................. 185
............................................................... 187
......................................................................... 187
................................................................................. 193
......................................................................................................................................... 197
6. ................................................... 198
DOS ............................................................................................ 198
MS-DOS 7.1 .............................................................. 199
Microsoft Network Client version 3.0 for MS-DOS .......................................... 203
DHSP WINS Windows 2000 Server............................................ 208
Linux ............................................................................................................................................. 210
................................................................................................................ 210
Windows........................................................................................................ 211
......................................................................................................... 214
III.
........................................................................ 217
7. , ......................................... 219
................................................................................ 219
Acronis True Image ................................................. 220
Windows....................................................................................................................... 225
........................................................................................ 226
......................................................................... 226
.......................................................................... 227
........................................................................................................ 230
............................................................................ 230
8. .................................................... 236
............................................................................... 236
............................................................................................................ 237
IV. .......................................................................... 245

9. ........................................................... 247
........................................................................................... 247
........................................................................... 250
, ...................................................................................................... 253
........................................................................................... 260
............................................................. 262
............................................... 266
.............................................. 269
Windows Server 2003 ................................................................................................................... 270
.................................................................................... 273
? .................................................................................... 273
.................................................................................. 274
............................................................................................ 277
................................................................... 284
.............................................................................................. 285
10. ................................................................. 287

NTFS FAT32 ....................................................................... 288
NTFS..................................................................................................................................... 288
FAT32 ................................................................................................................................... 288
.............................................................................................................. 289
Linux ..................................................................... 289

Parted Magic ......................................................................................................................... 290
11. ........................................... 293

? .............................................................................................................. 294
Microsoft Virtual Server 2005 R2 .............................................................................. 295
VMware Player ........................................................................................................ 300
VMware Server ............................................................................................................................. 302
VMware Server VMware Player Linux ............................. 302
.................................................................................................................. 307
Virtual Appliances ................................................................................................................ 308
.................................................................................... 309
.................................................................................................... 310
................................................................................ 318
.............................................................................................. 323
Oracle VirtualBox ...................................................................................................... 325
12. .............................................................. 335

? ..................................................................................... 335
...................................................................................................................... 337
Linux ................................................................................. 342
13. FTP-......................................................................... 346

FTP .................................................................................................................................. 349
TFTP- ................................................................................................................................ 351
14. Web- ........................................................................ 353

Web- ....................................................................................................... 353
Web- ............................................................................... 357
15. DHCP- ..................................................................... 359

DHCP- Windows Server 2003 ........................................................................................... 359
............................................................................................................................. 360
IP- DHCP- .................................................................... 364
............................................................................................... 366
DHCP- Linux Ubuntu............................................................................ 368
16. WINS-...................................................................... 370

WINS- Windows Server 2003 ........................................................................................... 370
WINS- ............................................................................... 372
17. DNS- ........................................................................ 375

DNS- ............................................................................................................ 375
DNS- Windows Server 2003 ............................................................................................. 377
18. media- ...................................................................... 382

Windows Media 9 Series ........................................................................................ 382
VLC Media Player .................................................................................. 386
.............................................................................................................................. 387
................................................................................................................................... 391
......................................................................................................................................... 393
19. .............................................................. 394

Windows Server 2003.................................................................................. 394
........................................................................................ 397
Web-.................................................................................................................... 398
Courier Mail Server .............................................................................................................. 402
......................................................................................................................................... 423
V.
.............................................................................................. 425
20. ................................................................... 427
Active Directory............................................................................................................................ 427
AD? ................................................................................................................ 427
AD ...................................................................................................................... 428
..................................................................................................................................... 435
......................................................................................................... 437
................................................................................................................. 443
.................................................................................................. 443
............................................................................................ 444
..................................................................................................... 445
............................................................................................................................ 447
VI. .......................... 449

21. ......................................................................... 451
.................................................................................................................. 451
.................................................................................................................. 451
PrimalScript .................................................................................................................. 453
HTA ....................................................................................................... 456
......................................................................................................................................... 461
Linux ........................................................................................................................ 461
22. ................ 465

................................................................................................................... 465
........................................................................ 469
e-mail .......................................................................... 470
................................ 477
IP-............................................. 477
............................................................... 479
1 ............................................................................................................................. 479
2 ............................................................................................................................. 480
...................................................................................................................... 480
IP- ................................................. 482
Linux ............................................................................ 483
LogMeIn .......................................................... 487
23. ............................................................................. 491

BWMeter .......................................................................................... 491
............................................................................................................. 492
......................................................................................................................................... 496
.......................................................................................................... 497
1. ............................. 499
............................................................................................................................. 499
Windows ................................................................................................................... 500
Linux......................................................................................................................... 504
Windows ........................................................................................... 505
Linux ................................................................................................. 508
, Windows ............ 510
,
Linux .................................................................................................................................. 514
........................................................................................................ 517
Windows ......................................................... 517
....................................................................................................... 519
VLC- ................................................................................................................. 524
................................................................ 524
2. ....... 529
? ................................................................. 529
? ..................................................................... 530
................................................................................................ 530
3. ................................ 532
4. .................................................................... 542
Web- ............................................................................................................... 542
Web- ........................................................................................................ 542
Web- ....................................................................................... 543
........................................................................................................ 543
................................................................................................................................. 544
Web- .................................................................................................. 544
............................................................................................................. 545
............................................................................................................................... 545
? ..................................................................................................... 546
? ........................................................................................ 547
Active Directory.................................................................................................................... 547
............................................................................................................... 548
Ethernet ......................................... 552
5. Linux .................................... 553

.............................................................................................. 571

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32
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42
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Linux
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). ,
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. 1.21. Linux, ( )
43
44
I.
. 1.22. Linux, (Ethernet)
. 1.23. Linux, (Ethernet IP)
1. , ,
. 1.24. Mandriva Linux
45
I.
46
Linux ASP Linux

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2. (. 1.26).
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47
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.
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( Windows),
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48
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52
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54
I.
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1. , ,
55
Linux. (. 1.42) Linux,

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. 1.40.
56
I.
. 1.41. Mandriva Linux 2008.0,
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57
Linux
Windows Vista
, . Linux
Windows Windows Vista, . Windows Vista . Linux, . ,
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root. Windows Vista :
mount -t cifs //10.15.0.5/share /mnt/shr
shr ,
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I.
58

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54 /. DWL-G122 802.11g, 802.11b,
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54 /
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, -
60
I.
. WPA
(Wi-Fi Protected Access, )
,
.
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) 10 000 .
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,
480 / . 40
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54 / . "" plug-and-play, DWLG122 , 802.11b
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Standard, ), 3DES, AES (Advanced Encryption
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triple DES.
1. , ,
61
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62

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,
, :
http://www.rozetka.de/publication/cat_4
http://www.cir-sanych.ru
http://www.citforum.netis.ru/nets/wireless/seti_efir
Windows.
, ,
:
http://www.murava.ru/articles/wlan_home.php

:
http://www.dlink.ru/products/home/dhome.php
. ,
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70

Bluetooth
, , .
. , Bluetooth
, . Bluetooth , . Bluetooth - .
Windows Bluetooth ,
. , . Linux
Bluetooth , USB. - .
Linux Mint ,
Ubuntu, Debian.
http://www.linuxmint.com.
, . Blueman. ( ,
). , Synaptic, .
(. 1.54).
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: sudo apt-get install
blueman. , , .
Blueman
Bluetooth (. 1.55) ( ), Bluetooth .

Bluetooth.
Bluetooth.
.
1. , ,
71
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1
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.
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I.
72
bluetooth, bluetooth, . . bluetooth

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. 1.59. Bluetooth
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,
.
I.
74
. 1.61.
Windows 7
, Windows . Microsoft Windows 7.
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, ,
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.
, .
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1. , ,
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.
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2.
79
6. ,
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80
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Windows Vista Linux
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.
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| (. 2.1). , .
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Windows. Windows Samba. Windows Samba.
. 2.1.
82
I.
Samba Linux
Mandriva Linux 2008. ,
Linux,
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| | |
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83
(. 2.4). .
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84
I.
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(. 2.5) Samba
Samba . , Linux, . ,
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(. 2.6) Samba
.
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2.
85
(. 2.7) ,
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. 2.8. Mandriva Linux 2008 Samba
86
I.
Mandriva Linux 2008

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HP.
, .
2.
87
http://h20000.www2.hp.com/bizsupport/TechSupport/SoftwareDescription.jsp?lang=
=en&cc=us&prodTypeId=18972&prodSeriesId=74341&prodNameId=
=74343&swEnvOID=228&swLang=8&mode=2&taskId=135&swItem=ja-35999-21
Windows Vista,
. ,
.
(, ) :
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4. , .
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I.
. 2.10. BEARD-PC
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6. . .
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Linux. , Windows Vista. , .
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, , .
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4. , //10.15.0.6/HP_PCL6.
, .
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, Linux, , Windows Vista.
I.
90
Linux
,
c Linux.
Mandriva Linux.
.
1. .
2. Mandriva Linux, |
| (. 2.13).
3. ,
. Printerdrake (. 2.14),
. .

http://www.linuxcookbook.ru/books/mandriva/printerdrake.html.
4. (. 2.15)
, OK. Mandriva Linux ,
.
2.
91
. 2.14. Printerdrake
. 2.15.
, . ,
Mandriva Linux (. 2.16).
. -
.
Windows Vista, (. 2.17).
.
92
I.
. 2.17.
(. 2.18).
.
Linux . ,
.
.
2.
93
. 2.18.

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94
I.
Windows
, , ,
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, .
:
1. , ,

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:
1. .
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192.168.0.1. IP- 192.168.0.2192.168.0.254.
4. Internet Connection Sharing ( ) (. 2.1).
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2.
95
2.1.

.

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:
1. . ,
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, "" , "TCP/IP" () .
3. .
IP-, IP- . DHCP,
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DHCP .
IP-
IP- , IP-.
IP- DHCP.
, IP- IP- LINKLOCAL 169.254.X.X. 192.168.0.xxx.
96
I.
, Microsoft IP- ,
, .
Windows 98 Microsoft TCP/IP IP-,
IP-. , DHCP,
IP- IP-
LINKLOCAL. LINKLOCAL 169.254
:
169.254.X.X
LINKLOCAL , .
, . IP- LINKLOCAL
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,
DHCP DHCP.
DHCP,
DHCP.
IP- IP-. IP-.
, DHCP. IP- IP . Microsoft
. DHCP,
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DHCP IP WINIPCFG.
.
1. .
2. : winipcfg.
3. .
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, DNS .
2.
97
5.
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IP IP- . IP-. IP- . IP-,
.
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, .
.
, :
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, , ,
.
:
1. , , , .
2. .
3. : a:\icsclset.exe.
4. OK.
, ,
, , .
Windows 2000/XP.
, ,
, ,
. , .
, .
:
http://www.xnets.ru/plugins/content/content.php?content.118;
http://www.diwaxx.ru/win/dual-internet-xp.php.
I.
98
Windows Vista Linux

. ,
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100
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2.
101

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. ,
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: 4 (TCP/IPv4) (. 2.21).
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.
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102
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Linux
Linux Windows. . .
ASP Linux , (. 2.22) , , .
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. 2.22.
2.
. 2.23. Ethernet
103
I.
104
,
.
Mandriva Linux .
| | |
Mandriva Linux 2008.0 | | .
(. 2.24) . Network settings (. 2.25)
.
, . , . .
. 2.25. Network settings
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ADSL- .
, . ADSL-
D-Link 500T, Stream
(http://stream.ru) . , .
Web-, ,
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. , Web , IP-,
(login) (password).
2.
105
. :
IP- 192.168.1.1, login admin, password admin.
login password, , .
Setup Advanced.
,
.
.
Setup DHCP Configuration (. 2.26).
. 2.26. ADSL Router, Setup DHCP Configuration
Enable DHCP Server

( DHCP-). 1. . DHCP-, . DHCP-:
Start IP IP- . ,
.
End IP IP- . , IP-. . ,
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106
I.
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. ,
IP-
3600 ( ).
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DNS, DNS- (. 2.27). , DNS-.
. 2.27. ADSL Router, Setup DNS Configuration
Management IP
(. 2.28). , IP- .
. IP-
Default Gateway. . -
2.
107
. IP Address (IP-) NetMask ( ) .

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.
, .
. 2.28. ADSL Router, Setup Management IP
DSL Setup (. 2.29) .

, MMODE.
, New
Connection, Connection 1 (. 2.30). . , PPPoE, , VPI VCI.
NAT Firewall.
.
, Port Forwarding
Advanced,
(. 2.31).
Adwanced Adwanced Security Settings (. 2.32) Web- Telnet-,
, , -
108
I.
. 2.29. ADSL Router, Setup DSL Setup
. 2.30. ADSL Router, Setup PPPoE Connection Setup
2.
. 2.31. ADSL Router, Advanced Port Forwarding
. 2.32. ADSL Router, Advanced Advanced Security Settings
109
I.
110
, ( Enable DMZ).

(DMZ demilitarized zone), .
, Adwanced LAN Clients , IP- , (. 2.33).
. 2.33. ADSL Router, Advanced LAN Clients
- , , ,
.
.

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ADSL.
. ,
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, , .

Windows Linux.
2.
111
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. , ,
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Windows .
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112
I.
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. 2.36. ( )
2.
113
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.
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(. 2.39). , , .
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114
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115
. . , .
.
,
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, .
, 2.1.
2.1.
proc main
waitfor "login:"
transmit "__"
transmit "^M"
waitfor "password:"
transmit "___"
transmit "^M"
endproc
116
I.
. 2.41. Comstar
. 2.42.
,

2.
117
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, . ,
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118
I.
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DNS- , , IP- .
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119
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Windows ( | | |
).
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120
I.
Rasdial
Rasdial
Microsoft.
. , ,
, rasdial comstar,
comstar ( ).
, , :
C:\Users\1>rasdial comstar
comstar...
...
...
comstar.
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rasdial /d.
.
, /callback:< >.
Mandriva Linux
Mandriva Linux.
. Mandriva Linux.
(. 2.48), .
(. 2.49) , . (POTS).
.
. , , (. 2.50).
, . COM1 (. 2.51). Linux ttyS0.
, - ,
(. 2.52).
(. 2.53) . , , . (. 2.54) ,
.
IP- (. 2.55).
.
2.
121
122
I.

( )

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123
124
I.

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( IP-)
2.
125

( )
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Gnome PPP (. 2.57). , .
. 2.57. GNOME PPP
126
I.

, .
, . . Mandriva Linux (. . 2.48). , - (. 2.58) .

-
(. 2.59) ,
. , , , . Linux,
Windows, .
(
).
, ,
. , /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1.
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0, ,
.
2.
127

- ( )

sysctl.conf .
. SU, . MC. , .
.
/sbin/sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf
. ,
.
Linux Mint
Linux
Linux Mint.
. , .
Linux Debian, Linux Mint,
, (
), .
128
I.
,
, Ethernet-. , , . " ADSL-"
.
.
( ), ( ). , eth0,
eth1. IP-,
. IP.

,
, :
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
root, . Debian, Ubuntu Linux Mint

sudo . .
Linux Mint . su -.
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Linux . <Alt>+<Ctrl>+<Fn>,
n .
<Alt>+<Ctrl>+<F7>.
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, .
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Firestarter.
(. 2.60) .
,
Run Wizard Firewall.
. , .
, -
2.
129
, local, .
. 2.60. Firestarter
.
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.

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3.
131
Windows
,
Windows XP SP2 ,
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Windows ,
Windows Windows (. 3.1),
.
. 3.1. Windows
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Windows (. 3.2),
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, Windows,
,
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132
I.
. 3.2.
Windows,

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Windows,

3.
133
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134
I.
,
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3.
135
,
Windows (. 3.7). .
Mandriva Linux
Linux , Windows.
Mandriva Linux
(. 3.8).
. (. 3.9) , . , , , .
OK, (. 3.10) , .
(. 3.11) , .
136
I.
. 3.9. Mandriva Linux ( )

( )
3.
137

( )
,
, .
Windows Comodo
http://www.personalfirewall.comodo.com Comodo Firewall Pro.
5.0. 3.0
(. 3.12), , , Windows Vista.
2.4 (. 3.13) ,
Windows 2000/XP/2003, http://www.comss.ru/
page.php?id=14.
. . 2.4.
, Windows,
Comodo Firewall Pro. ,
. .
- , ,
138
I.
. 3.12. COMODO Firewall Pro ( 3.0)
. 3.13. COMODO Firewall Pro ( 2.4)
3.
139
. - ,
,
, , . ,
.
(Clean PC Mode)

. ,
, ,
.
. Comodo Firewall Pro
( ).

(rootkit) , . (Trusting Computer Base).
Defense+
Defense+ , .
(Advanced Network Firewall Engine)
:
(Stealth Mode), ; ; Comodo
Firewall Pro ;
...
(Training Mode)
Comodo Firewall Pro 3.0

, . "Train with
Safe Mode"
.

Comodo Firewall Pro

.
, .
, ,
Windows.
140
I.
Firestarter
Linux Firewall,
. Firestarter,
,
Firewall Linux.
Policy () Firestarter (. 3.14) . Policy
Add Rule .
.
Inbound traffic policy ( ) Editing :
Allow connections from host .
, . ;
Allow service . -
, IP-, .
, , (torrent)
( 68816889) DNS- ( 53);
Forward service ( ).
IP- . ,
, IP- .
Outbound traffic policy ( ) Editing (. 3.15)
Permissive by default, blacklist traffic :
Deny connection to host . IP-
;
Deny connection from LAN host -
. IP-
;
Deny service . , -
.
Outbound traffic policy ( ) Editing (. 3.16) Restrictive
by default, whitelist traffic
(. 3.16), IP- ,
3.
141
. 3.14. Firestarter, Policy
. 3.15. Firestarter beard-desktop,

Policy, Outbound traffic policy,
Permissive by default, blacklist traffic

Policy, Outbound traffic policy,
Restrictive by default, whitelist traffic

Events
142
I.
,
, .
Events () (. 3.17)
.
, Firestarter,
Firewall.
Linux .
Linux, ,
.
"Linux ,
, .
, .
, root-1
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http://knoppix.ru/130306.shtml.
Windows, Windows
. , ,
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Windows .
, . .
. , " ". ,
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Linux, .
" " Linux. Linux
.
Windows Linux.
. . . 1
Root account .
3.
143
? Windows . . ,
. ,
, , , .
. , Clam AntiVirus,
, http://ru.clamwin.com/content/view/18/46/. , , http://portableapps.com/apps/utilities/
clamwin_portable.
. 3.18. ClamWin Free Antivirus
, (. 3.18).
( ) , , .
Linux.
http://www.clamav.org/
download/.
Avast!
Avast!
(. 3.19).
. http://www.avast.ru,
.
144
I.
. 3.19. avast! 4.8
avast! . , , ,
, , , ,
, " ".
. 3.20. avast!
, avast!
(. 3.20).
3.
145
AnVir Task Manager

AnVir Task Manager . ,
. . ,
, .
AnVir Task Manager , antispyware , :
,
, , , , dll, , ,
, ;
Windows, ,
"". .
17 000 .
;
,
;
Windows
. ;
,
(system tray) (status bar) , . (log)

, ;
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;
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AnVir Task Manager ,

, . AnVir Task Manager

, .
AnVir Task Manager ,
Windows, Process Explorer WinPatrol (http://www.winpatrol.com/).
http://www.anvir.com/
index_ru.htm.
(. 3.21) , ,
. , , 2008 .
146
I.
. 3.21. AnVir Task Manager
,
. , , ,
, ,
.
II

.
, , , .
.

, . , . , ,
,
. , , ,
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. , !

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, .

Windows Vista

. Windows Vista, ,
. , ,
, , .
, . .
II.
150
. 4.1.
:
1. | (. 4.1).

, : | | .
2. .

, <Alt>.
.
3. (. 4.2)
, .
4. ( ) (. 4.3) .
5. ... (. 4.4) .
4.
. 4.2. ( )
. 4.3. ( )
151
152
II.
. 4.4. ( )
. 4.5. ( )
4.
. 4.6. ()
. 4.7. ( )
153
II.
154
6.
... (. 4.5) . .
7. ... (. 4.6) , .
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, .
Windows XP
, . , . , .

1. , .
2. .
3. .
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155
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Windows XP, :
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7. ,
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1. (TCP/IP) IP .
IP- , . .
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TCP/IP , .
156
II.
2. , : -
125.125.125.125, : 125.125.125.126. IP-.
IP- 125.125.125.125, IP-
125.125.125.126.
IP- .
3. .
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157

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: http://www.oszone.net/3329/.

Windows 98
, , Windows 98. , , . . ? -
II.
158
, , ,
.
http://www.okobox.narod.ru/st1.htm
" ". ,
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.

.
, , , . ,
Windows 98 -
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Windows 98, , .

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Windows ,
.

.
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,
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159
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(, , ).
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HyperTerminal.
, .
, Windows
HyperTerminal.
Windows, HyperTerminal
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HyperTerminal ,
,
HyperTerminal , - , , , .
, .
,
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HyperTerminal, .

.
, , . , ,
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Windows .
,
,
Windows 98. Windows.
HyperTerminal NetMeeting, .
160
II.
. , Microsoft,
NetBEUI, TCP/IP, . ,
Microsoft, , .
Microsoft .
.
, .
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, , .
( , ).
,
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http://serverok.newmail.ru Windows
. ServerOK .
4.
161

,
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.
, ,
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, .
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, .
,
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.
, . , ...
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ADSL- , (splitter) .
ADSL- ( ), , , , . , , .

, ADSL- ,
.

.
, , ,
?
II.
162

,
, , , .
,
. IP- .
DNS
, . ,
, DNS-, ,
.

IP- . DNS, .
, , , DNS . , . DHCP-, DNS-

. DNS- DHCP. , , DHCP-.
IP-
IP- , . ,
- , . , ,
192.168.X.Y 255.255.255.0, X ,
Y . , , 192.168.X1.Y,
192.168.X2.Y. , .

, , IP-, . ,
. , .
.
, , . , , http://infocity.kiev.ua/os/content/os376.phtml
4.
163
, Windows 2000.
Windows XP. . , , .

: ? , ,
.
. ,
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, , . ICQ E-mail , ,
, , .

, ,
.
,
. , , . .
.
, , . IP-,
. .
. , IP- .
http://dyndns.org.
22.
, .
, OpenVPN (http://openvpn.net/index.php/downloads.html).
, Windows. , , Linux. , Windows-.
, "" .
164
II.
OpenVPN , .
Windows 2000. , , Windows XP Windows Server 2003.
OpenVPN
, .
. ,
, . . OpenVPN
.
, .
4.1 4.2.
4.1. Local.ovpn OpenVPN
# ,
# , DynDNS
remote myserver.homeip.net
# , ( )
port 35000
# VPN
proto tcp-client
dev tap
ifconfig 192.168.116.2 255.255.255.0
#
dev-node vpn
secret key.txt
ping-restart 60
ping-timer-rem
persist-key
resolv-retry 86400
ping 10
comp-lzo
verb 4
mute 10
4.2. Server.ovpn OpenVPN

port 35000
proto tcp-server
dev tap
4.
165
ifconfig 192.168.116.1 255.255.255.0

dev-node vpn
secret key.txt
ping 10
comp-lzo
verb 4
mute 10
vpn (dev-node). , . :
ifconfig 192.168.116.2 255.255.255.0
IP- vpn 192.168.116.2,

255.255.255.0. ovpn. Start OpenVPN on this config file
( OpenVPN ).
, , , ping , .
( remote). C IP .
OpenVPN-, ,
. VPN- (Virtual Private Network
) .
OpenVPN- . ,
.
. "" ,
(key.txt),
Generate a static OpenVPN key ( )
. , .
, , ( port).
, .
,
.
, Initialization Sequence Completed ( ).
mute triggered , , .
( ). , .
166
II.
,
,
ping.
ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)
ping .
Windows XP Windows Server 2003.
, OpenVPN-.
. OpenVPN .
, .
, , , OpenVPN, .
35000, ,
. ,
- , .
.
OpenVPN, .

OpenVPN ()
. , , , . Initialization Sequence Completed.
.
VPN-
. , .
Initialization Sequence Completed Initialization Sequence Completed with Errors, .
.
OpenVPN , OpenVPN,
.

.
, OpenVPN,
.
, .
.
4.
167
Hamachi
Hamachi https://secure.logmein.com/
products/hamachi/vpn.asp. OpenVPN ,
.
, , . .
,
. . ,
, .
LogMeIn Hamachi VPN,
10 ,
.
. Hamachi ,
, .

, . , IP-
, .
, , (. 4.8) ,
. , .
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, .
. .
.
.
.
<IP-> (. 4.9), . , .
168
II.
. 4.9. 5.203.38.168
,
. (. 4.10),
ping .
. 4.10. 5.203.38.168
. ping . ,
4.
169
, .
Hamachi Windows 2000, XP, 2003 Vista.
Hamachi Linux OS X.
https://secure.logmein.com/products/hamachi/vpn.asp
Linux (hamachi-0.9.9.9-linux). , , . Linux . :
1. su.
2. < root> .
3. make install .
4. /sbin/funcfg .
5. Exit .
6. hamachi-init ( ) .
7. hamachi start .
8. hamachi login ( Hamachi).
9. hamachi go-online <network>
<network>.
10. hamachi list .
.
hamachi stop. .
hamachi , .
Readmy,
( ).
NeoRouter
NeoRouter . 20 2008
0.92. http://www.
neorouter.com/ 1.1.1. (VPN) ,
, 253 .
,
.
,
, . Tomato, OpenWrt,
Fonera .
170
II.
, IP-. , DynDNS
.
. , NAT (Network Address Translation
) .
,
, NeoRouter.
, , , . ,
IP- DynDNS NeoRouter,
.
32- 64-
, Windows, Linux (Debian, Ubuntu, Suse, Fedora, CentOS), Mac OS.
, , SSL.
NeoRouter, . , .
NeoRouter ,
IP- 10.0.0.*.
NeoRouter ,
( IP-), .
NeoRouter (NeoRouter Network
Explorer) . ,
NeoRouter, .
, , .
,
. .
NeoRouter Configuration Explorer

NeoRouter Configuration Explorer
.
. NeoRouter Configuration Explorer
(. 4.11) .
"" . General (.
. 4.11) , ,
IP- ,
, .
. .
User Accounts (. 4.12) , .
4.
. 4.11. NeoRouter Configuration Explorer, General
. 4.12. NeoRouter Configuration Explorer, User Accounts
171
172
II.

. ,
. NeoRouter Configuration Explorer,
.
. 4.13. NeoRouter Configuration Explorer, Computers
Computers (. 4.13)
.
Settings (. 4.14) ( Current domain).
http://www.neorouter.com/, .
, DHCP , .
.
NeoRouter Network Explorer (. 4.15)
. ,
Computers .
NeoRouter Network Explorer ( IP-), .
4.
173
, User, .
. 4.14. NeoRouter Configuration Explorer, Settings
. 4.16 Linux NeoRouter Network Explorer Linux.

,
. addcomputer ( ) deletecomputer ( )
.
,
, , .
. 4.15.
NeoRouter Network Explorer
174
II.
. 4.16. NeoRouter Network Explorer Linux
, .
, ,

. . , , , .
.

. , .
.

. ,
. Windows
, .
. ,
.
, , ,
,
. . , Windows XP, Windows Server 2003,
Windows Vista Windows 7. Windows Server
2003. , . , . ,
, Wireless-,
USB-, . ,
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176
II.
, . OpenVPN
.
. 5.1 , , .
. 5.1. ( )
. 5.2 , .
,
, .
, ,
. , ,
(. 5.3). ( 3),
,
. (2),
5.
177
. 5.2. ( )
(1), . ADSL- (1). , ,

VPN ( ).
WorkGr15.dom ( ) VPN, ( Myhome.dom) VPN.

(1) Myhome.dom .
,

.
WorkGr15.
".dom". WorkGr15.dom,
- .
-.
1
178
II.
, WorkGr15 . WorkGr15
WorkGr15.dom. WorkGr15 192.168.100.
255.255.255.0,
(1) 192.168.100.3. VPN
192.168.116.3.
255.255.255.248,
IP-.
. 5.3. ( )
WorkGr15 , .
, ,
.
. 5.4
Myhome.dom. Local Area Connection 2 vpndom
<Ctrl>,
. , .
5.
179
, .
DHCP-, ,
IP-,
. ,
IP-, .
VPN-. 192.168.116.4.
. 5.4. Myhome.dom

. , ,
. .
, , , ,
WorkGr15. , VPN
IP-. VPN, , . ,
WorkGr15.
,
, 192.168.116.3. 192.168.100.0
180
II.
192.168.116.0. ,
WorkGr15.dom, WorkGr15.

Myhome. , Local Area Connection.
.

, , :
http://www.ixbt.com/comm/prac-small-lan5.shtml;
http://www.isranet.info/main/content/view/141/7/;
http://www.nbuv.gov.ua/inet/lan/page/page_4.html.

Windows XP
. , Windows XP . . , , .
. ,
.

, , . ,
. . 5.2
WorkGr15.dom. (1) (4) (5).
Windows XP .
, route.
, ,
, .
,
, , , .
- . : | , cmd <Enter>.
5.
181
.
route print.
(. 5.5).
. 5.5.
, , , , ,
( ). ,
. () ,
.
. 5.6. ,
route add -p 10.0.0.0 mask 255.0.0.0 10.15.0.254 metric 2
10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0
10.15.0.254. -p , , metrik 2 ,
10.0.0.0 , .
, . , , . .
. ,
, , . 169.254.14.88.
182
II.
. 5.6.
- ,
. , , DNS- DNS- ,
.
,

.
pause. , , , , .
, . 5.6,
. . 5.3 , 2.
Windows XP
, Windows XP , . .
. , , .
.
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\
Tcpip\Parameters, IPEnableRouter. ,
REG_DWORD , 1.
5.
183
TCP/IP ,
.

, .
!
- .
, , (
). . route add
.
tracert netstat.
. , /? -?
. . . 5.7 netstat
-an -p tcp. IP- , TCP.
. 5.7. netstat -an -p tcp
. ESTABLISHED.
, 81.133.133.133 ( ) -
II.
184
IP- .
. ,
192.168.1.0 192.168.116.0, , , 192.168.1.1.
, . , , 192.168.1.0, 192.168.100.0 192.168.116.0.
192.168.100.0 , 192.168.100.7
(LISTENING) , .
.
192.168.100.0 10.15.0.0!
, . , . 5.2.
, ,
.
, . .

, , , Firewall / . !
. "".
route IP- -
IP. .
netstat TCP, , -
, Ethernet, IP-, IPv4 ( IP, ICMP, TCP UDP) IPv6 ( IPv6,

ICMPv6, TCP IPv6 UDP IPv6).
ipconfig TCP/IP,
, DHCP, , DNS.
ping - ICMP,
TCP/IP TCP/IP.
hostname .
nbtstat NetBIOS -
TCP/IP, NetBIOS
.
5.
185
pathping TCP/IP -
.
tracert TCP/IP.

:
http://www.computerbooks.ru/books/OS/Book-Windows-XP/Glava20/Index0.htm;
http://www.netdocs.ru/articles/Making-Sense-Windows-Routing-Tables.html;
http://home.mark-itt.ru/manual/iprouter_nt.htm.
Linux Mint
Linux . . ,
Linux Mint
Linux, NetworkManager. Menu |
| | (. 5.8).
, :
. 5.8. ( NetworkManager)
1. ,
( Auto eth0),
. Auto eth0 (. 5.9).
2. Auto eth0 .
IPv4 Auto eth0 (. 5.10).
3. IPv4 Auto eth0
,
.
, .
, .
.
186
II.
4. K, , ,
, .
. 5.9.
Auto eth0
. 5.10. IPv4 Auto eth0
, . ,
Auto eth0.
, ,
, , . , , , .

.
Linux .
:
route add -net 192.168.20.0 netmask 255.255.255.248 gw 192.168.1.1
5.
187
192.168.20.0/29
IP- 192.168.1.1.

.
, ipcalc
sudo apt-get install ipcalc. .
ipcalc 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.248, :
beard@beard-laptop ~ $ ipcalc 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.248
Address: 192.168.20.0
11000000.10101000.00010100.00000 000
Netmask: 255.255.255.248 = 29 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111 000
Wildcard: 0.0.0.7
00000000.00000000.00000000.00000 111
=>
Network: 192.168.20.0/29
11000000.10101000.00010100.00000 000
HostMin: 192.168.20.1
11000000.10101000.00010100.00000 001
HostMax: 192.168.20.6
11000000.10101000.00010100.00000 110
Broadcast: 192.168.20.7
11000000.10101000.00010100.00000 111
Hosts/Net: 6
Class C, Private Internet
Netmask .

, , .
. , , , .

, , , ,

. ,
.
, .
" ", . .
. 5.3 , 4.
WorkGr15.dom .
, 4 .

, . , .
188
II.
, Windows, ,
, .

. ,
. WorkGr15.dom Allied Telesyn AR410
4. , , , Zixel U-336E Plus
. , ,
" " ( ). , . AR410
AT-AR024-00 ( ), , .
. IP-, . , , ,
, Web-.
, .
Web- , .
Web-,
Telnet.
, .
Web- (. 5.11).
. 5.11.
< >
(. 5.12), -
.
. 5.13 IP configuration, .
5.
189
. 5.12. -
. 5.13. Edit File
190
II.
-. , , Web- Telnet
(. 5.14).
. 5.14. Telnet
. 5.14 ,
, .
.
. .
. 5.15 .
, , , ,
. , .
IP ,
, .
. 5.13 IP- , , . , . # ,
.
.
5.1.
5.
. 5.15. 192.168.0.0
5.1.
# 192.168.15.0 192.168.0.0
add ip fil=21 so=192.168.15.0 ent=1 sm=255.255.255.0
des=192.168.0.0 dm=255.255.255.0 ac=include
# 192.168.115.0 192.168.0.0
add ip fil=21 so=192.168.115.0 ent=2 sm=255.255.255.0 ac=include
# 192.168.0.0 192.168.15.0
des=192.168.15.0 dm=255.255.255.0 ac=include
# 192.168.0.0 ,
# 192.168.115.99
des=192.168.115.99 dm=255.255.255.255 ac=include
191
192
II.
# 192.168.0.0 ,
# 192.168.115.98 (,
# 192.168.115.98 192.168.0.0)
des=192.168.115.98 dm=255.255.255.255 ac=include
# , ,
# 192.168.115.50
add ip int=vlan3 ip=192.168.115.50 fil=21
# , ,
# 192.168.200.1 ( )
add ip int=ppp0 ip=192.168.200.1 fil=22
# 192.168.0.0 192.168.0.20
# ( )
add ip rou=192.168.0.0 mask=255.255.255.0 int=ppp0 next=192.168.0.20
# 192.168.15.0
add ip rou=192.168.15.0 mask=255.255.255.0 int=vlan3 next=0.0.0.0
# DBS-
add ip dns prim=192.168.115.15
, , 192.168.0.0, IP-, 192.168.15.0. , , : 192.168.15.0, 192.168.115.0.

"" (
IP-). 192.168.115.0 ( , ).
,
.
. ,
, .
.
, .
, telnet- Web-.
, ,
, Windows XP.
. ,
, .
5.
193
Zixel U-336E
Plus . .
, Win-, , , . , .

- : 1
(192.168.1.1/24) 2 (192.168.0.1/24) . , :
1 2. , 1 10.255.0.6 , 2 10.255.0.2
.

. AT AR415S. Web- ,
. 5.2 5.3 ,
"#".
.
5.2. 1
# System configuration
set system name="NET1"
# User configuration
#
set user securedelay=600
add user=admin pass=< >
priv=securityOfficer lo=yes
set user=admin telnet=yes netmask=255.255.255.255
set user=manager pass=< > priv=manager lo=yes
set user=manager telnet=yes desc="Manager Account"
enable user rso
# ,
add user rso ip=10.255.0.4 mask=255.255.255.252
194
II.
# ,
add user rso ip=XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX mask=YYY.YYY.YYY.YYY
###################################################################### #
# . Eth0
# VLAN general configuration
create vlan="lan" vid=2
# VLAN port configuration
add vlan="2" port=1-4
###################################################################### #
# VPN L2TP PPP
# L2tp configuration
enable l2tp
enable l2tp server=both
add l2tp call="tunnel" rem="tunnel" ip=10.255.0.2 ty=virtual prec=in
# PPP-tunnel configuration
create ppp=1 over=tnl-tunnel
set ppp=1 bap=off username="chap" password="chap"
###################################################################### #
# IP configuration
enable ip
enable ip remote
enable ip dnsrelay
# DNS- (192.168.0.15 2)
add ip dns prim=192.168.0.15 seco=195.34.32.116
# ,
add ip int=vlan2 ip=192.168.1.50
# ,
add ip int=eth0 ip=10.255.0.6 mask=255.255.255.252
#
add ip int=ppp1 ip=192.168.150.2
set ip loc ip=192.168.1.50
###################################################################### #
#
add ip rou=0.0.0.0 mask=0.0.0.0 int=eth0 next=10.255.0.5 pref=8
#
# VPN
add ip rou=0.0.0.0 mask=0.0.0.0 int=ppp1 next=192.168.150.1
pref=4
###################################################################### #
# Firewall
enable firewall
create firewall policy="net1"
enable firewall policy="net1"
icmp_f=unre,ping,sour,timee
add
firewall policy="net1"
int=vlan2 type=private
add
int=eth0 type=public
add
int=ppp1 type=private
5.
195
# Telnet
add
ru=11 ac=allo int=eth0 prot=tcp
ip=192.168.1.50
gblip=10.255.0.6
gblp=23
#
add
ru=12 ac=allo int=vlan2 prot=ALL
add
ru=14 ac=allo int=vlan2 prot=TCP
ip=192.168.1.11
add
ip=192.168.1.22
#
add
ip=192.168.1.1-192.168.1.254
# VPN
add
ru=17 ac=non
int=eth0
po=23
ip=0.0.0.0
port=80
port=80
port=80
prot=ALL
add
ru=18 ac=non int=vlan2 prot=ALL
ip=192.168.1.1-192.168.1.254
set
ru=18 rem=192.168.0.0-192.168.0.254
add
ru=19 ac=allo int=ppp1 prot=ALL ip=0.0.0.0
###################################################################### #
###################################################################### #
# NTP configuration
#VNIIFTRI, Moscow region, Russia (ntp1.imvp.ru)
enable ntp
set ntp utc=+04:00:00
add ntp peer=62.117.76.142
###################################################################### #
# GUI configuration
disable gui
# DHCP- 2
# BOOTP configuration
enable bootp relay
add bootp relay=192.168.0.15
5.3. 2
# 2
set system name="NET2"
# User configuration
set user securedelay=3600
add user=admin pass=< > priv=securityOfficer lo=yes
set user=admin telnet=yes netmask=255.255.255.255
set user=manager pass=< > priv=manager lo=yes
set user=manager telnet=yes desc="Manager Account"
enable user rso
add user rso ip=10.255.0.4
mask=255.255.255.252
mask=255.255.255.252
II.
196
add user rso ip=192.168.150
mask=255.255.255.0
mask=255.255.255.0
mask=255.255.255.0
#
add user rso ip=XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX mask=YYY.YYY.YYY.YYY
###################################################################### #
# 2-4 (vlan2), port1 (vlan3)
create vlan="lan"
vid=2
create vlan="Internet" vid=3
# VLAN port configuration
add vlan="2" port=2-4
add vlan="3" port=1
###################################################################### #
#
create ppp=0 over=vlan3-any
set ppp=0 over=vlan3-any lqr=off echo=on iprequest=on username=
password=""
###################################################################### #
# VPN L2TP
enable l2tp
enable l2tp server=both
add l2tp call="tunnel" rem="tunnel" ip=10.255.0.6 ty=virtual prec=in
# PPP-tunnel configuration
create ppp=1 over=tnl-tunnel
set ppp=1 bap=off username="chap" password="chap"
###################################################################### #
# IP configuration IP-
enable ip
enable ip remote
enable ip dnsrelay
add ip dns prim=192.168.0.15 seco=195.34.32.116
add ip fil=101 so=192.168.0.0 sm=255.255.255.0 ent=1 des=192.168.1.0
dm=255.255.255.0 policy=3
add ip int=vlan2 ip=192.168.0.50
add ip int=eth0 ip=10.255.0.2
mask=255.255.255.252
set ip loc ip=192.168.0.50
###################################################################### #
# VPN
add ip rou=0.0.0.0 mask=0.0.0.0 int=ppp0 next=0.0.0.0 pref=8
add ip rou=192.168.1.0 mask=255.255.255.0 int=ppp1 next=192.168.150.2 pref=7
###################################################################### #
# Firewall
enable firewall
create firewall policy="net2"
enable firewall policy="net2" icmp_f=unre,ping,sour,timee
disable firewall policy="net2" tcpsetupproxy
5.
add
firewall policy="net2" int=vlan2 type=private
add
firewall policy="net2" int=eth0 type=private
add
firewall policy="net2" int=ppp0 type=public
add
firewall policy="net2" int=ppp1 type=private
######################################################################
# NAT
add firewall policy="net2" nat=enhanced int=vlan2-0 gblin=ppp0
add firewall policy="net2" nat=enhanced int=ppp1
gblin=ppp0
######################################################################
add
firewall policy="net2" ru=21 ac=allo int=eth0 prot=tcp po=23
ip=192.168.0.50 gblip=10.255.0.2 gblp=23
add
firewall policy="net2" ru=22 ac=allo int=ppp0 prot=tcp po=23
ip=192.168.0.50 gblip=0.0.0.0 gblp=23
add
ip=192.168.0.50 gblip=192.168.150.1
gblp=23
add
ip=192.168.150.2 gblip=0.0.0.0 gblp=20023
#Office-to-office VPN
add
firewall policy="net2" ru=54 ac=non int=vlan2 prot=ALL
ip=192.168.0.1-192.168.0.254
set
firewall policy="net2" ru=54 rem=192.168.1.0-192.168.1.254
add
firewall policy="net2" ru=55 ac=allo int=ppp1 prot=ALL
#Internet Access
add
firewall policy="net2" ru=60 ac=allo int=vlan2 prot=ALL
ip=192.168.0.1-192.168.0.70
add
firewall policy="net2" ru=61 ac=deny int=vlan2 prot=ALL
ip=192.168.0.1-192.168.0.254
######################################################################
# NTP configuration
#VNIIFTRI, Moscow region, Russia (ntp1.imvp.ru)
enable ntp
set ntp utc=+03:00:00
add ntp peer=62.117.76.142
######################################################################
# GUI configuration
disable gui
197
:
http://www.opennet.ru/base/net/nt_leased.txt.html;
http://forums.gameguru.ru/board-hardware/action-display/num-1156266077/;
http://www.ixbt.com/comm/ras_w95.html;
http://gizmodo.ru/2005/09/18/svjaz_po_modemu/;
http://v90.kiev.ua/faq/ats.html.

, .
, ... . -
DOS ( ),
Windows 95.
, , ,
Windows. , .
, , (
HP Vectra, ), ( ),
.
DOS
. -,
,
-,
.
, ?
, , , Windows 98,
MS-DOS 7.1, Windows 98. ,
Sys C:, Windows 98.
DOS,
, free DOS (http://www.freedos.org/) PTS DOS (http://
www.phystechsoft.ru/ptsdos/). DOS .
, MS-DOS 7.1. DOS, MS-DOS 7.1,
FAT32 ?
6.
199
MS-DOS 7.1

Windows 98
. , DOS. Windows 9x
Edit.com.
, , MS-DOS, DOS7.
, . C: , 6.16.4.
6.1. Msdos.sys
[Paths]
WinDir=c:\dos7\
WinBootDir=c:\
HostWinBootDrv=c:\
[Options]
BootMulti=0
BootGUI=0
Network=1
logo=1
;
;
;
;

( Logo.sys)
, .
, Logo.sys 320 400 .
6.2. Config.sys
[menu]
menuitem=D, Use Net ;
menuitem=C, No net ;
menudefault=D,10
menucolor=14,1
[D]
device=c:\dos7\himem.sys
dos=high,umb noauto
devicehigh=emm386.exe noems
devicehigh c:\net\ifshlp.sys
[C]
device=c:\dos7\himem.sys
dos=high,umb noauto
devicehigh=emm386.exe noems
200
II.
[COMMON]
fileshigh=80
buffershigh=20
stackshigh=9,256
lastdrivehigh=z
INSTALLHIGH=C:\DOS7\RKM.COM
; ,
; :
; http://win95.nm.ru/switch.htm
shell=c:\command.com /E:512 /P
FCBSHIGH=1
. ,
, , .
emm386.exe, ifshlp.sys, choice.exe himem.sys
Windows.
6.3. Autoexec.bat ( )
@echo off
set temp=c:\temp
path c:\;C:\NC;c:\dos7
lh c:\dos7\mouse
@echo " !"
TEMP, Norton
Commander , DOS7
( Windows).
6.4. Autoexec.bat ( )
@echo off
set temp=c:\temp
path c:\;C:\NET;C:\NC;c:\dos7
lh c:\dos7\mouse
choice /c:SNLA /t:L,20 "Share-S - N - L - A
; choice choice.exe Windows.
if errorlevel 4 goto p
if errorlevel 3 goto l
if errorlevel 2 goto n
C:\NET\net initialize
C:\NET\netbind.com
C:\NET\umb.com
C:\NET\tcptsr.exe
C:\NET\tinyrfc.exe
C:\NET\nmtsr.exe
C:\NET\emsbfr.exe
"
6.
201
C:\NET\net start
C:\NET\net start server
C:\NET\net share
cls
@echo " c Ctrl+Alt+N ."
@echo "netshare "
net
c:\net\netshare.exe
goto l
:n
C:\NET\net initialize
C:\NET\netbind.com
C:\NET\umb.com
C:\NET\tcptsr.exe
C:\NET\tinyrfc.exe
C:\NET\nmtsr.exe
C:\NET\emsbfr.exe
C:\NET\net start
cls
@echo " "
net
goto l
:p
; ,
c:\drv\pktdrv\hppclanp 0x60 ;
;
cd\
cd arachne
arachne
:l
@echo " !"
,
DOS-.
, , 6.4. . . 6.16.3 ,
\Windows\Command , DIR.
.
, , . dsk3-1.exe, dsk3-2.exe, nnet.exe
netshar.exe, :
II.
202
ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/netshar.exe;
ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/softlib/mslfiles/nnet.exe;
ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/bussys/Clients/MSCLIENT/dsk3-1.exe;
ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/bussys/Clients/MSCLIENT/dsk3-2.exe.
dsk3-1.exe, dsk3-2.exe MS Client DOS, nnet.exe

netshar.exe . C: \DISTRIB
.
DOS .
6.1. C:\

COMMAND.COM
95 202
NC <>
Norton Commander
NET <>
DISTRIB <>
EMM386.EXE
125 975
EMM386
ARACHNE <>
ARACHNE
TEMP <>
DRV <>
DOS7 <>
MSDOS.SYS
116
MS-DOS
CONFIG.SYS
432
MS-DOS
LOGO.SYS
129 078
AUTOEXEC.BAT
869
MS-DOS
6.2. C:\DISTRIB

ARCHN170.EXE
1 012 717
CYRILLIC.APM
279 421
ARACHNE
ARACHNE
DSK-1 <>
DSK-2 <>
DSK3-1.EXE
864 723
DSK3-2.EXE
288 142
6.
203
6.3. C:\DOS7

COMMAND.COM
95 192
COUNTRY.SYS
30 742
MS-DOS
DEBUG.EXE
20 874
MS-DOS
DISPLAY.SYS
17 239
MS-DOS
EDIT. COM
70 318
EGA3.CPI
58 753
MS-DOS
EMM386.EXE
125 975
MS-DOS
FDISK.EXE
64 588
MS-DOS
FORMAT.COM
50 071
MS-DOS
HIMEM. SYS
33 191
MS-DOS
IFSHLP.SYS
3708
MS-DOS
KEYB.COM
20 135
MS-DOS
KEYBRD3.SYS
31 633
MS-DOS
MEM. EXE
32 338
MS-DOS
MODE.COM
29 911
MS-DOS
MOUSE.COM
34 747
RKM.COM
41 000
SCANDISK.BAT
152
MS-DOS
SCANDISK.EXE
150 977
MS-DOS
XCOPY.EXE
3910
MS-DOS
MSDOS.SYS
108
MS-DOS
TEMP <>
CHOICE.COM
1610
MS-DOS
DISPLAY.CPI
88 045
MS-DOS
UTIL <>
Microsoft Network Client version 3.0

for MS-DOS

DOS, PTS DOS, .
:
1. : \DISTRIB\DISK1 \DISTRIB \DISK2.
2. dsk3-1.exe dsk3-2.exe.
204
II.
3. , .
4. DISTRIB\DISK1 setup.exe.
5. .
<Enter>.
6. , , <Enter>.
C:\NET.
7. . .
, .
8. , . , *Network adapter not shown on list below ( ). , . ,
, .
9. Set Network Buffers ( ).
,
<Enter>.
10. .
20 .
Serdos Admin.
, .
11. . Change Network Configuration <Enter>.
12. (. 6.1)
<Tab>, .
, <Tab>
.
13. , , ,
, ,
. ,
<Tab> Add
protocol. : Microsoft TCP/IP Microsoft NetBEUI. , ,
( Remove).
14. Microsoft TCP/IP.
, Change Settings (
).
DHCP-,
TCP/IP, IP-
, . . , DHCP-.
, . WINS
6.
205
. , .
192.168.0.126.
255.255.255.0. .
. 6.1. Setup for Microsoft Network Client v3.0 for MS-DOS
!
,
.
15. , The listed options are correct

( ).
, , .
. , ,
. The listed options are correct
,
. ,
<Enter>.
. ,
"Type your user name, or press ENTER if
it is USER:" (" ENTER, , , Admin"). , <Enter>.
<Enter>.
"Type your password:" (" :").
. , <Enter>.
, .
206
II.
"There is no password-list file for USER. Do you want to create one? (Y/N) [N]:"
(" Admin. ?")
<Y> , <Enter> .
"Please confirm your password so that a password list may be created:"
(", ").
.
"The command completed successful" (" ").
. , ,
. ( ),
.
. .
No net ( ).
. nnet.exe netshar.exe C:\NET
, . Autoexec.bat
. .
C:\NET Protocol.ini System.ini.
6.5 6.6, . , , .
6.5. Protocol.ini
[network.setup]
version=0x3110
netcard=hwp$27247b,1,HWP$27247B,1
transport=tcpip,TCPIP
transport=ms$ndishlp,MS$NDISHLP
transport=ms$netbeui,MS$NETBEUI
lana0=hwp$27247b,1,tcpip
lana1=hwp$27247b,1,ms$netbeui
lana2=hwp$27247b,1,ms$ndishlp
;
; .
[TCPIP]
NBSessions=6
;
WINS_SERVER0=192 168 0 15
DefaultGateway0=192 168 0 15
SubNetMask0=255 255 255 0
IPAddress0=192 168 0 126
DisableDHCP=0
DriverName=TCPIP$
BINDINGS=HWP$27247B
LANABASE=0

;
;
;
;
6.
[protman]
DriverName=PROTMAN$
PRIORITY=MS$NDISHLP
[HWP$27247B]
DriverName=HPLANP$
[MS$NDISHLP]
DriverName=ndishlp$
BINDINGS=HWP$27247B
[MS$NETBEUI]
DriverName=netbeui$
SESSIONS=10
NCBS=12
BINDINGS=HWP$27247B
LANABASE=1
6.6. Sistem.ini
[network]
filesharing=yes
printsharing=yes
; "NO"
; Setup,
; "YES",
; .
autologon=no
;autologon=yes
computername=SERDOS ;
lanroot=C:\NET
username=ADMIN ;
workgroup=AP15 ; ( )
reconnect=yes
dospophotkey=N
lmlogon=1
logondomain=AP15 ; ( )
preferredredir=full
autostart=full,popup
maxconnections=8
[network drivers]
netcard=hplanp.dos
transport=tcpdrv.dos,nemm.dos,ndishlp.sys,*netbeui
207
208
II.
devdir=C:\NET
LoadRMDrivers=yes
[386enh]
TimerCriticalSection=5000
UniqueDosPSP=TRUE
PSPIncrement=2
[Password Lists]
*Shares=C:\NET\Share000.PWL
ADMIN=C:\NET\ADMIN.PWL ;
;
NET=C:\NET\NET.PWL
.
, Setup.exe,
.
, (
Use Net), , .
.
.
DHSP WINS
Windows 2000 Server
TCP/IP, DOS-, , Windows 2000. Microsoft Network Client version 3.0 for MS-DOS
. IP-, ,
.
, , ,
:
1. ,
, Admin , DOS-.
2. .
3. | | DHCP. DHCP
(. 6.2).
4. , ,
DOS ( 192.168.0.126),
6.
209
(serdos). , , DOS- .
5. ,
.
. 6.2. DHCP
6. , IP- .
7. .
8. DHCP.
9. .
10. | | WINS. WINS
(. 6.3).
11. .
. 6.3. WINS
210
II.
12. .
13. , MAC- IP-. MAC-
DOS-, ,
Microsoft Network Client v3.0
for MS-DOS.
14. OK.
IP- DOS-
, , , .
, , , DOS- .
, MS-DOS.
,
. MS-DOS , . , :
http://www.okobox.narod.ru/nowin.htm;
http://www.okobox.narod.ru/diskwww.html;
http://www.webcenter.ru/~zwb/arachne.htm.
Linux
, . ,
OC , .
, Windows- . , -
, , Linux.

. (
) Fedora ,
Linux-. , Linux Windows.
, .
Linux. Fedora, , Windows XP
.

Linux Windows .
Linux ext3. NTFS FAT32,
6.
211

. Linux. , , , . Linux
. Linux
.

Windows log-,
. Linux . ,
, ,
. Linux " ".
. .
Linux .
Linux ,
Windows.
Windows
Linux
TCP/IP.
. , Linux, , .
Microsoft Windows TCP/IP. ,
Linux Microsoft Windows.

. , , , Web- XML-1
(Extensible Markup Language, ), . , Windows , Linux Fedora
XML. Linux!
, , . , Linux
Windows-. Linux Active Directory
Microsoft.
1
http://www.codenet.ru/webmast/xml/.
II.
212

, , Linux
Active Directory. Linux XP ( , 01.10.2006) Active Directory.
, Microsoft
Windows Active Directory. . . 6.4 ,
Windows Linux.
. 6.4. Linux

Windows, Web- (. 6.5).
.
, .
, .
, Linux UNIX.
, ( ).
6.
213
, . Linux , , -
Windows, .
. 6.5. Linux Web-
, ,
, Linux Windows, , .
, , Linux . Linux
.
Windows
Linux XP, http://www.linux-online.ru.
Linux, Fedora.
,
, , , .
Windows XP,
Windows. . 6.6,
II.
214
, Windows-.
Linux XP, Windows.
. 6.6. Linux XP

-Windows
.
, DOS Linux.
, , .
,
.

. . 6.6,
Windows Vista ( 192.168.1.7 Terminal Server Client),
6.
215
Linux XP ( ). .
,
Radmin, , :
http://www.delphisources.ru/;
http://berkutsoft.jino-net.ru/.
DOS . NetOp Remote for DOS,

www.netop.com/media(75,1033)/NetOp_for_DOS_brochure.pdf.
NetOp Remote for DOS
PCanywhere v5.0 for DOS, .
, ,
:
http://www.okobox.narod.ru/kompdist2.htm;
http://www.okobox.narod.ru/kompdist1.htm.

http://www.osp.ru/text/302/132197/.
216
II.
III

,
, . ,
. , , , .
. , , , .
,

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220
III.
CD , , .
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1. .
2. .
3. .

,
. .
, , .
.

, ,
. .
,
. Acronis , Xcopy .
Acronis True Image

Acronis True Image , , ,
. ,
.
http://www.acronis.ru/enterprise/products/ATISWin/
.
7. ,
221
, (. 7.1).
. 7.1.
Acronis True Image Server
, , . , .
-, (). .
, , .
, (. 7.2).
/ , (. 7.3). , . , .
. (
) ,
. , .
, ,
.
.
222
III.
. 7.2. Acronis True Image Server

( )

( )
7. ,
223
,
, .
(. 7.4). ,
.
, . .
CD-R,
.

( )
,
(. 7.5).
, .
( ).
, ,

.
, .
? , ,
224
III.
. , . Windows Update, , . , .
,
. , , , ,
. , , .
, (, .), .
. 7.5. ,

, , ,
. .
.

,
.
Acronis :
http://www.thg.ru/software/20050127/index.html.
7. ,
225
,
. .
:
http://www.thg.ru/software/20050518/index.html.
, ,

, .
.
Windows
Windows .
:
System Restore ( ) %SystemRoot%\System32\restore\
rstrui.exe;
Backup ( ) %SystemRoot%\system32\ntbackup.exe;
Remote Storage ( )
Windows Server 2003 ( Windows
Server 2003).
. .
, , . , , .
Backup .
, . . ( ).
, :
1. Backup ( ).
2. ,
.
3. Advansed () .
4. .
5. , .
226
III.

1,44
.
Remote Storage , . ,
.
.
, . ,
, .
, ,
,
, .

, Windows XP,
.
, ,
.
, () ,
, , . , , .
, boot.ini,
, , , Windows XP .

.

, - Windows XP, , .
, .
Windows XP -, ,
:
D:\i386\winnt32.exe /cmdcons
7. ,
227
D: -.
, \cmdcons
8 .
,
Windows. , , : | ,
:
secpol.msc /s
( )
Recovery console: Allow floppy copy and access to all drivers and all
folders ( :
). Recovery console:
Allow automatic administrative logon ( : ).
. . , , .
, .
, , Set. C :
set allowallpaths = true
set allowremovablemedia = true
set allowwildcards = true
, . . ,
, , , . .
"false".
, Windows. , , Windows.
. , Windows
, . Flash Drive ,
.

; ,
. 7.1.
228
III.
7.1.
attrib
:
" ", "" ""
batch
,
. , .
chdir (cd)
DOS cd, ,

chkdsk
DOS chkdsk. :
/ "";
/r chkdsk
cls
DOS cls
. , .
.

delete (del)
, DOS delete.

dir
DOS dir.
. . ,
disable
. SERVICE_DISABLED,
diskpart
.
.

enable
.
( )
: SERVICE_AUTO_START, SERVICE_DIS-ABLED,
SERVICE_DEMAND_START, SERVICE_BOOT_START
SERVICE_SYSTEM_START
exit
expand
DOS expand. ,
CAB. :
/d CAB;
/y
fixboot
()
fixmbr
()
format
DOS format. , FAT, FAT32 NTFS. /q

. ,

7. ,
229
7.1 ()
help
listsvc
Logon
. Windows NT, Windows 2000 Windows XP
Map
mkdir (md)
DOS md (mkdir).
, ,

more
DOS type. .
rename (ren)
rmdir (rd)
DOS rd (rmdir).
, , ,
set
systemroot
%systemroot% . cd %systemroot% DOS
type
DOS type. .
, , , .
batch.
:
batch c:\<___> c:\ <___>
,
.
, . . , ,
"" . ,
, ... ,
, ,
, ,
.
230
III.
, :
http://www.computerra.ru/softerra/35993/;
http://winall.ru/xp/consol.shtml;
http://www.windowsfaq.ru/content/category/3/14/37/;
http://www.windowsfaq.ru/content/category/3/19/57/.

- 2
6. . ,
. , , , , . , , . ,
.
, ,
. , ""
, .
, Xcopy
, , Windows " ".

Xcopy. ,
. , ,
.
. ,

Windows.
Xcopy
Xcopy Windows .
DOS. Xcopy ,
.
, ,
.
7. ,
231
Xcopy,
, , . - - .
, ,
.
XCopy , 7.1, , . , . ,
.
7.1. CopyData.bat
@ echo off
xcopy /c /y /z /i /e /d C:\AutoPark
\\Server2\Archive\Autopark\AutoPark\
>C:\ASU15\ArchAutoPark.txt
if errorlevel 4 goto lowmemory
if errorlevel 2 goto abort
xcopy /c /y /z /i /e /d /exclude:C:\ASU15\exclude.txt C:\AutoParkSrv
\\Server2\AutoParkSrv\ >C:\ASU15\ArchAutoParkSrv.txt
goto exit
:lowmemory
echo
echo .
goto exit
:abort
echo Ctrl + C .
goto exit
:exit
? .
, , . , XCopy errorlevel , , , goto ().
,
.
232
III.
XCopy , ("/") .
, CopyData.bat
( 7.1).
/c .
, .
/y
. ( ,
.)
/z .
,
.
/i , -
, , Xcopy , , . Xcopy . Xcopy , - .

/e , .
/d[:--] , .
--, Xcopy , -.
, , ,
.
/exclude:1[+[2]][+[3]] ,
, .
Xcopy . ,
, .
Windows,
(, ).
. , ( 7.2).
7.2. ArchAutoPark.txt
C:\AutoPark\EXPORT\KADR.TXT
C:\AutoPark\EXPORT\OutMat.TXT
C:\AutoPark\EXPORT\PARK.TXT
C:\AutoPark\EXPORT\PROBEG.TXT
C:\AutoPark\EXPORT\README.TXT
7. ,
233
C:\AutoPark\EXPORT\SKLAD.TXT
C:\AutoPark\REP\$$\FsMv1_02.rep
C:\AutoPark\REP\$$\FUELC_02.REP
C:\AutoPark\REP\$$\Ms071_02.rep
C:\AutoPark\TJR\15.ecn
C:\AutoPark\TJR\rmtagent.erh
: 11.
,
. .
,

.
,
- Windows . Xcopy
Windows,
. , .
.
, ,
.

, , . , , , .
, - ,
. ! , , . , , 7.3.
, .
7.3. CopySett.bat
@ECHO OFF
REM === ===
REM Internet Explorer
REGEDIT /EA D:\BACKUP\Registry\hkcu\
InternetExplorer.reg "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\
Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer"
234
III.
REM , ,
REM Word
XCOPY "C:\Program Files\Text\Editors\MS Word7\
normal.dot" D:\BACKUP\
REM Word ACL
XCOPY C:\WINNT\User000.acl D:\BACKUP\
REM Word
XCOPY "C:\Program Files\Text\Editors\MS Word7\
custom.dic" D:\BACKUP\
...
REM === ===
REM
XCOPY "C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\
Application Data\Microsoft\Address Book\
Administrator.wab" D:\BACKUP\
REM Internet Explorer
XCOPY "C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\Favorites\*.*"
D:\BACKUP\Favorites\ /E
...
REM === ===
XCOPY D:\LANGUAGES\ENGLISH\Vocabulary\*.xls D:\BACKUP\
...
XCOPY "D:\LANGUAGES\ENGLISH\English Grammar.rtf" D:\BACKUP\
, XCOPY /C
/D /H /R /Y, /E , . /EA REGEDIT
REG- ANSI,
UNICODE ( ,
UNICODE).
,
, ,
.
Outlook Express
.
Windows REGEDIT ( | | regedit |
<Enter>). HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Identities\{ }\
Software\Microsoft\Outlook Express ( :
{7173EFE5-2BF8-4886-BD21-75FB4B7D3562}).
7. ,
235
Registry | Export registry file ( | ). ,

(
<F2>, <Ctrl>+<C>), (
), <Enter>. REG-.
Windows. , " "
REG- . , . OK. ,
( Outlook Express) !

,
.
,
:
http://www.security.nnov.ru/articles/xs/backup_implementation.asp;
http://www.windowsfaq.ru/content/view/299/60/;
http://offline.computerra.ru/1998/247/1317/;
http://www.igorkalinin.com/articles/backup.ru.html.
, Xcopy nnBackup.
,
. . http://www.nncron.ru/index_
ru.shtml .
. , .
Mozilla Thunderbird
Linux. Mozilla
Thunderbird Linux (
Windows). Linux .
.
, Linux .
Midnight Commander, MC, .mozilla-thunderbird .thunderbird .
.
,
.
Linux.

,
, .
, . ,
, ... , , ,
, - .
, (), , , , .

:
1.
.
, .
2. .
3.
, .
4. , -
8.
237
, .
.
, .

. PowerChute Pluss
, .
PowerChute Pluss . ,
, , , , .
.

. 8.1. , . .
, Windows .
. , .
. ,
, , , Windows. , , .
. , - .
.

, . .
.
, , ,
-. .
238
III.
20 . , 20 .
, 15 .
, . 20 .
. . , , 80%. .
. 8.1.

- ,
.
8.
239
. ,
(. 8.2).
. 8.2. : ,
. (. 8.3) . (. 8.4).
.
, . .

, ,
. . ,
. ,
.
, . ,
.
. . -
240
III.
. 8.3. : ,
. 8.4.
8.
241
(.)
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1020% 5070% . 30 . , 30
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. ( )
.
, , .
? , . . ,
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SMS-. , ,
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, . ,
.
? .
SHUT.BAT. 8.1.
8.1. SHUT.BAT
Net send ap15.dom /users SHUTDOWN SERVER!!!!!!
msg * "SHUTDOWN SERVER!!!!!!"
call SDS1.cmd
cd\
cd zerat
ups.bat
pause

(Net send) , (msg),
.
.
(call)
(SDS1.cmd) .
SDS1.cmd ( 8.2).
242
III.
8.2. SDS1.cmd
lanshutdownc -a 10.15.0.199 -u <_> -p
<_> -d ap15 -m "Otkluchenie cherez 30 s" -t
30
-f
LanShutDownC.exe
(http://www.lantricks.com/lanshutdown/index.php), , . , .
Windows XP Windows Server 2003 shutdown,
.
LanShutDownC.exe.
SHUT.BAT. , . ZeRAT (http://adom.nm.ru/zeratrus.htm).
UPS.BAT,
: zerat.exe UPS.txt.
UPS.TXT ( 8.3).
8.3. UPS.TXT
Host:81.195.117.138
SMTPAuth:login
; smtp authorization NONE or LOGIN
SMTPUSER:<___> ; username. Leave it blank if
SMTPAUTH=NONE
SMTPPASS:<>
; password. Leave it blank if SMTPAUTH=NONE
From:Server2 <_>
X-Priority: 1
X-MSMail-Priority: High
Importance: High
To:user@smsmail.ru
CC<2-_ >
Type:multipart/mixed
Subject: server shutdown !!!!!!
charset:Windows-1251
$boun
Content-type: text/plain
!!!
. , SMSMAIL (http://
www.smsmail.ru/). , 4 .
8.
243
, ,
, .
,
, . ,
, , ,
.
, -
, . APC SmartUPS 2200, . , USB- COM- . , .

, , . ,
PowerChute Pluss
.
, PowerChute Pluss , ... .
, ,
:
http://forum.ippon.ru/viewforum.php?f=2;
http://www.bytemag.ru/?ID=604273;
http://forums.overclockers.ru/viewforum.php?f=26.
244
III.
IV

. . -
, ,
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. ,
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. , . .
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- . . Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2003
Windows 2000 Server.
, ("")
. , FTP-. Windows-, Linux,
, DOS. ,
.
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. ,
. ,
, , ,
, ,
. .

, . , ,
. , .
Windows Server 2008, Microsoft,
, .

. , . ,
, (
248
IV.
, ),
.
http://www.opennet.ru/base/sys/weekend_onet.txt.html
WintiX " FreeBSD
(freebsd install rus)". , ,
FreeBSD.

.
, . DOS Windows 95/98
, . . C:. UNIX (FreeBSD, NetBSD, QNX RTP). ,
.
: Windows NT,
Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, BeOS, Linux.
,
, () , ,
, Windows, Windows NT
Linux. Linux Fedora Core 3, Fedora Core 5,
Linux XP Mandriva Linux 2008, .
,
Windows 2000 Server Windows Server 2003
,
. Windows Server 2003 ,
Linux. , Linux . - , - , Windows,
Linux-.
, .
Linux , , Windows.
, , Windows.
Linux- ,
, Windows-. , , ,
Windows. Linux .
, Windows ,
. ,
, Windows . -
9.
249
Windows 2000 Server Windows Server 2003.

,
, .
, Windows Server 2003 , , .
, ,
, Linux.
.
( ) Linux. .
Windows 2000 Server Windows Server 2003 . , Windows 2000 Server Windows Server 2003 . , .
,
, .
, . ,
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.
.
. , . 6 . ,
. ,
,
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4 . "" 512 . 1 .
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100 .

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250
IV.
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Hewlett-Packard "" , , , , . ,
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500 ,
256 , 20 . , , . ,
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, .
Windows 2000 Server
, .
, ,
, ,
9.
251
. .
Windows 2000 Server . " " .
. , , , , . , .
Windows 2000 Server "Active Directory", , , ,
.
Active Directory , Windows 2000 Server. ,
, , , . , . 15 (
), , , .
.
(), myserver.
, myserver.firma.dom.
. -
, , "firma.dom". "firma"
, . "dom" , ru, com, org . ,
. . , ,
, (firma).
. , - ,
Windows 2000 Server Active Directory.
, ,
.
.
14 .
.
,
, , . , .
,
252
IV.
, .
.
, .
.
. -.

.
, Windows 2000, . , .
, , . Office 2000, , . ,
.
.
CD-ROM .
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DOS.
. Winnt32, Windows NT
Windows 2000, /tempdrive:_
/syspart:_. , , . , .
/makelokalsource.

,
. , .
, Windows 2000 Server
. Windows 2000 Server.
. , Windows 2000 Server NTFS5, ,
.
FAT32, Windows 98,
. , , NTFS5.
,
.
9.
253
W INDOWS 9 X
. , , Partition Magic.

.
NTFS , .
,
CD-ROM. :
1. BIOS SETUP -
( )
Setup.exe, Windows 9x.
, . 9.1.
. 9.1.
, .
. ,
, . "",
(. 9.2), .
2. Windows 2000, . Windows 2000 (. 9.3). .
(. 9.4),
, (. 9.5).
(. 9.6) .
3. ,
(. 9.7).
4. CD-ROM
. OK.
5. : Microsoft Windows 2000 Server
Setup (. 9.8), OK, Microsoft Windows 2000
IV.
254
Server Setup (. 9.9),

.
.
, -
Windows 2000 Server, ,

. ,
.
. 9.2.
. 9.3. Windows
9.
255
.
, :
1. , .
2. .
3. .
. 9.4.
. 9.5.
256
IV.
. 9.6.
. 9.7.
, .
(. 9.10).
( )
Windows 2000 Server. ,
, | | .
9.
257
. , , , , .
. 9.8. Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Setup

. 9.9. Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Setup

258
IV.
. 9.10. Windows 2000
:
1. .
. , | | | .
2. , . .
Ping IP
.
3. , .
(. 9.11) , .
. .
, . , . , , , . ,
- ,
.
, .
9.
259
. 9.11.

, , . ,
, , . (. . 9.10)
, . - .
Active Directory. ,
.
, , " ". Active Directory,
. , (. . 9.11), .
, , ,
. , , .
Active Directory, ,
.
260
IV.

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, , , ,
(). ,
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Back-UPS CS NNN, NNN . www.apc.com .
,
, ,
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. ,
. , , ,
, .
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Windows 9x, , ( : ).
. : (. 9.12).
(. 9.13)

.
. , .
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.
.
9.
. 9.12. :
. 9.13. : ,
261
IV.
262
,
.
. .

, Windows 2000 Server ,
, ,
, .
, , ,
( ), ,

. , , Windows 2000 Server
. .
, Active Directory.

Active Directory 20.
, ,
Novell NetWare ( ). . NetWare.
. , , , ,
.
. ,
(Firma). .
. .
,
. .
.
.
9.
263
Active Directory
Active Directory .
(. 9.14).
. 9.14. Active Directory
, , . Active Directory . , . ,
, , Users (). , . . .
, (
), (. 9.15),
.
, . , , . ,
, , , , . Active Directory
. . 9.16 -.
Users, . ,
264
IV.
. , -,
. , .
, ,
, , . , ,
,
. . 9.17 ,
. , , .
. 9.15. Active Directory ,
. 9.16. Active Directory , CUP
9.
265
. 9.17. :
,
(. 9.18).
. 9.18. ( )
266
IV.
, NTFS5
. Active Directory . ,
, ,
.
. , , . , ,
, ,
.

, , , , ,
.
, :
: ;
: ;
: YYY;
;
: Group1;
: ;
: NewResurs ();
: ;
NewResourse .

:
1. Active Directory .
2. .
3. .
4. | .
5. OK.
6. -
.
7. | .
8.
. . ,
9.
267
( ) . . , .
,
Windows 9x. .
9. ( )

. . , , . .
10. .
11. -
.
12. | .
13. .

OK.
.
14.
.
15. .
16. : , ,
.
(YYY@firma.dom).
. . OK,
OK. Active Directory
, , (. 9.19).
17. NewResourse.
18.
, , .
19. , .
20. , .
21.
.
IV.
268
. 9.19. Active Directory : ,

,
22. , , .
.
23. OK.
,
. , .
FTFS,
FAT32, ,
.
24. .
, , .
, ,
, , .
.
, . , ,
. , , . .
9.
269
. , ,
.
. ,
, . , . . 9.20.
. 9.20.
NewResourse
.
. .
, .
.

NetWare, , , . Windows 2000 Server . :
.
,
(. 9.21).
IV.
270
. 9.21.
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290
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Machine Remote Control ( ) ,
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296
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. 11.1.
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(. 11.5).
298
IV.
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11.
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http://soft.mail.ru/article_page.php?id=91 http://www.osp.ru/text/302/177505/.
,
. ,
.
IV.
300
. . , , ,
VMware Player.
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, .
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, ,
.
,
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11.
301
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302
IV.
VMware Server

Windows, Linux, VMware Player.
VMware Server VMware Player Linux :
http://www.vmware.com/download/server/.
. ,
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Mandriva Linux VMware Player
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VMware Server
VMware Player Linux
Linux, , , Windows.

Linux. , .
.
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Linux .
(. 11.9).
.
. ,
kernel-desktop-devel-<_
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gcc, gcc-cpp.

VMware Server VMware Player .
11.1 VMware Player , .
11.
303
. 11.9. ()
11.1. VMware Player

[beard@BeardM ~]$ su (
root), SU
:
[root@BeardM beard]# vmplayer VMware player
vmware is installed, but it has not been (correctly) configured
for this system. To (re-)configure it, invoke the following command:
/usr/bin/vmware-config.pl.
[root@BeardM beard]# vmware-config.pl

Making sure services for VMware Player are stopped.
Stopping VMware services:
Virtual machine monitor
Configuring fallback GTK+ 2.4 libraries.
OK
304
IV.
In which directory do you want to install the theme icons?

[/usr/share/icons] Enter
What directory contains your desktop menu entry files? These files have a
.desktop file extension. [/usr/share/applications] Enter
In which directory do you want to install the application's icon?
[/usr/share/pixmaps] Enter
/usr/share/applications/vmware-player.desktop: error: value "vmware-player.png"
for key "Icon" in group "Desktop Entry" is an icon name with an extension, but
there should be no extension as described in the Icon Theme Specification if
the value is not an absolute path
Error on file "/root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmware-player.desktop": Failed to
validate the created desktop file
Unable to install the .desktop menu entry file. You must add it to your menus
by hand. ,

Trying to find a suitable vmmon module for your running kernel.
None of the pre-built vmmon modules for VMware Player is suitable for your
running kernel. Do you want this program to try to build the vmmon module for
your system (you need to have a C compiler installed on your system)? [yes] y
YES Y Enter
Using compiler "/usr/bin/gcc". Use environment variable CC to override.
What is the location of the directory of C header files that match your running
kernel?
[/lib/modules/2.6.22.18-desktop-1mdv/build/include] Enter
Extracting the sources of the vmmon module.
Building the vmmon module.
Using 2.6.x kernel build system.
make: Entering directory `/root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only'
make -C /lib/modules/2.6.22.18-desktop-1mdv/build/include/.. SUBDIRS=$PWD
SRCROOT=$PWD/. modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-2.6.22.18-desktop-1mdv'
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/linux/driver.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/linux/hostif.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/comport.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/cpuid.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/hash.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/memtrack.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/phystrack.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/task.o
11.
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/vmciContext.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/vmciDatagram.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/vmciDriver.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/vmciDs.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/vmciGroup.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/vmciHashtable.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/vmciProcess.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/vmciResource.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/vmciSharedMem.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/vmx86.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/vmcore/moduleloop.o
LD [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/vmmon.o
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST 1 modules
CC
/root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/vmmon.mod.o
LD [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/vmmon.ko
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-2.6.22.18-desktop-1mdv'
cp -f vmmon.ko ./../vmmon.o
make: Leaving directory `/root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only'
The module loads perfectly in the running kernel.
Extracting the sources of the vmblock module.
Building the vmblock module.
Using 2.6.x kernel build system.
make: Entering directory `/root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmblock-only'
make -C /lib/modules/2.6.22.18-desktop-1mdv/build/include/.. SUBDIRS=$PWD
SRCROOT=$PWD/. modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-2.6.22.18-desktop-1mdv'
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmblock-only/linux/block.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmblock-only/linux/control.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmblock-only/linux/dbllnklst.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmblock-only/linux/dentry.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmblock-only/linux/file.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmblock-only/linux/filesystem.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmblock-only/linux/inode.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmblock-only/linux/module.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmblock-only/linux/stubs.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmblock-only/linux/super.o
LD [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmblock-only/vmblock.o
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST 1 modules
CC
/root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmblock-only/vmblock.mod.o
LD [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmblock-only/vmblock.ko
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-2.6.22.18-desktop-1mdv'
cp -f vmblock.ko ./../vmblock.o
305
IV.
306
make: Leaving directory `/root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmblock-only'

The module loads perfectly in the running kernel.
Do you want networking for your virtual machines? (yes/no/help) [yes] no
NO Enter
Starting VMware services:
Virtual machine monitor
Blocking file system:
[
[
OK
OK
]
]
The configuration of VMware Player 2.0.0 build-45731 for Linux for this running
kernel completed successfully.
You can now run VMware Player by invoking the following command:
"/usr/bin/vmplayer".
Enjoy,
--the VMware team
[root@BeardM beard]#
, .
. 11.10. VMware Player
11.
307
,
. , . vmplayer. , vmware-player.png ,
/usr/share/pixmaps/.
, VMware Player (. 11.10).
Download a Virtual Appliance , , Open an existing Virtual
Machine , . VMware Server Linux
.

? :
" . ,
".
http://www.toms-hardware.ru/business/200512091/index.html
, Windows XP Professional
.
Windows Server 2003 R2 Enterprise
. ,
Windows Server 2003 R2
. . .
:
http://download.microsoft.com/download/4/7/4/47415510-647d-4847-a554b5bb33bd44af/Licensing_with_Microsoft_Virtual_Server_R2.doc
, .

.
. Linux.
, ?
. VMware !
IV.
308
Virtual Appliances
http://www.vmware.com/vmtn/appliances/.
. Virtual Appliances (
) .
Browser Appliance ( ) . VMware Player. (. 11.11)!
.
Macromedia Flash Pleer. , ,
,
. .
.
. 11.11. VMware Player Browser Appliance
Virtual Appliances , MySQL-, Apache-, , Appliance -
11.
309
, -, Linux ... . !
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. , Windows Vista VMware Player VMware Server
2 . VMware Server 1.04
, Windows Vista,
VMware Player.
310
IV.

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Linux . ,
.
. VMware Player
VMware Server, .

Browser Appliance ,
. Ubuntu Linux,
, . ,
, . , Browser Appliance,
http://www.vmware.com/appliances/directory/browserapp.html.
,
. .
, .
VMware Player VMware Server.
. Browser Appliance ,
- Firefox. . Browser Appliance (NAT). . .
,
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,
.
.
VMware Player, . VMware
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, .
, ...
,
,
.
11.
311
. 11.12. Ubuntu Linux, VMware Server,

Windows Vista Home Premium

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VMware Server . (. 11.13), , , ,
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, . VMware
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, .
Virtual Network Editor ( ) | | VMware | VMware Server | Manager Virtual Networks. Virtual
312
IV.
Network Editor Summary (. 11.14) ,

.
. 11.13.
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, , , IP- .
VMnet1 (Host-only) , , . DHCP. , , .
VMnet8 (NAT) , . , IP .
, . IP-
DHCP- - .
, VMnet1 VMnet8 . ,

11.
313
.
Virtual Network Editor . ,
, VMware Server.
. 11.14. Virtual Network Editor, Summary
:
1. NAT. Stop .
. 11.15.
2. DHCP (. 11.16).
Stop , , ,
Remove . .
3. Host Virtual Adapters (. 11.17). , Disable, . .
, . Remove Disable.
4. Host Virtual Network Mapping VMnet0
(. 11.18) ,
.
5. , , Automatic Bridging (. 11.19) .
Automatically choose an available physical network adapter to bridge to
VMnet0 (
314
IV.
. 11.15. Virtual Network Editor, NAT
. 11.16. Virtual Network Editor, DHCP
11.
. 11.17. Virtual Network Editor, Host Virtual Adapters
. 11.18. Virtual Network Editor, Host Virtual Network Mapping
315
316
IV.
. 11.19. Virtual Network Editor, Automatic Bridging
VMnet0)
.
, . VMware Server Console,
VMware Server (Local host),
.
6. Virtual Machine Settings,
Edit virtual machine settings
(. 11.20).
7. (. 11.21) Bridged: Connected
directly to the physical network :
.
. , .
8. Start this virtual machine
(. . 11.20) DHCP , ,
IP- , DHCP-.
, , , ping <__> (. 11.22).
ping , , .

,
11.
. 11.20. VMware Server Console, Browser-Appliance
. 11.21. Virtual Machine Settings
317
318
IV.
. 11.22. cmd.exe ping
. 11.23. Network File Browser
(. 11.23). , ,
Ubuntu 5, ,
. , Linux.

,
,
, .
Windows Vista, ASPLinux,
Windows XP. ,
11.
319
, . ,
, , .
, ,
.
.
Windows Vista,
ASPLinux.
(Remote host) IP-,
(. 11.24).
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(. 11.25). ,
, (Open
Existing Virtual Machine), .
Open Virtual Machine (. 11.26) . Windows XP Professional OK.
(. 11.27) VMware Server Console Windows
XP Professional. Start this virtual machine, Windows XP (. 11.28).

. , , .
.
IV.
320
. 11.25. VMware Server Console, Home
. 11.26. Open Virtual Machine
11.
. 11.27. VMware Server Console, Windows XP Professional

( )
321
322
IV.

( )
. 11.30. VMware Server Console, Windows XP Professional (

)
11.
323

(. 11.29). .
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(. 11.30).
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, .

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, .
, . Webmoney, ,
. .
Windows.
324
IV.
. Linux . . ,
Windows,
Microsoft, , , ,
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Linux, , Windows, .
, . ,
.
.

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, . , .
11.
325
. 11.32. Windows XP Professional Virtual Machine

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Oracle VirtualBox
SUN VirtualBox. , , .
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http://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads. Oracle VirtualBox . Linux . Windows Linux .
Oracle VirtualBox . .
Oracle VirtualBox .
. 11.33. .
.
.
, .
Oracle VirtualBox CD/DVD
, CD/DVD . . CD/DVD
, (. 11.34).
, ,
, . -
IV.
326
, . .
USB-, -,
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11.
327
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Oracle VirtualBox (. 11.35)
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Protocol), RDP5. ,
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Linux DOS-. ,
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(. 11.36) :
NAT ( ), ;
,
. , .
;
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328
. 11.36. Lxde
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Ubuntu, Linux Mint.
4. (. 11.40) ,
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329
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. 11.38.

5. (. 11.41).
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330
IV.
6. (. 11.42) .
.
. 11.39.
. 11.40.
11.
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7. (. 11.43).
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332
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, , . (. 11.44).
. 11.43.

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11.
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8. .
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(. 11.46).
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334
IV.
. 11.46. Oracle VM VirtualBox
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336
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Windows XP Professional.
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Windows, Linux , .
,

http://www.linuxrsp.ru/artic/sambal.html http://www.opennet.ru/base/net/
slackware_samba_ad.txt.html.
12.
337
Linux, ,
.
Windows .
.

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Directory, AD , . Windows 2000
Server.
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. .
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Linux.
. 12.3.
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340
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12.
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342
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(. 12.8) . ,
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.
Linux
Linux,
, Samba, SWAT Web .
Samba sambashare ,
. Linux Mint , Menu | |
| | .
(. 12.9) sambashare
.
. 12.9.

12.1.
12.1. smb.conf
[global]
workgroup = BOARD
server string = %h server (Samba, LinuxMint)
encrypt passwords = No
map to guest = Bad User
obey pam restrictions = Yes
pam password change = Yes
12.
343
passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u

passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n
*Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully*
unix password sync = Yes
syslog = 0
log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m
max log size = 1000
dns proxy = No
usershare allow guests = Yes
panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d
admin users = root, beard
[beard_lt]
comment = my share
path = /home/beard/share
valid users = beard
force user = beard
read only = No
guest ok = Yes
beard , beard_lt , .
smb.conf /etc/samba/.
share .
Web- http://localhost:901.
root . STATUS (. 12.10), smbd.
.
(. 12.11) (. 12.12) ,
.
, :
1. .
2.
.
:
http://www.compress.ru/Archive/CP/2005/1/36/;
http://liski.vsi.ru/ubuntu/index.php?page=95;
http://www.a-byte.ru/node/248.
344
IV.
. 12.10. Samba Web Administration Tool
12.
345
13
FTP-
FTP- , ,
. - . .
FTP-. FTP-, FAR, , (browser) Internet Explorer. FTP ,
, Web-
( Web- 14).
FTP- , ,
. . Windows ,
FTP-. Windows XP, Windows 2000,
Windows 2003 . , , File Transfer Protocol
(FTP) Service. Internet Information Services (IIS)
(. 13.1).
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Service FTP-, .
FTP- C:\Inetpub\ftproot
(. 13.2).

, | | | ISS.
FTP, Default FTP Site (FTP-
) (. 13.3), FTP- (. 13.4).
, ,
FTP-,
.
13. FTP-
. 13.1. Internet Information Services (IIS)

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Service
. 13.2. C:\Inetpub
. 13.3. Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager FTP
347
348
IV.
. 13.4. : Default FTP Site,
. 13.5. : Default FTP Site, FTP-
13. FTP-
349
FTP- (. 13.5) IP- FTP-. .

, IP- FTP-,
.
, , , ,
.
, .
FTP
FTP-, . FTP-,
? Internet
Explorer.
. 13.6. Microsoft Internet Explorer
FTP-,
, , .
.
FTP-.
FAR.
, FTP- ,
,
(. 13.7).
FTP-, FAR (. 13.8).
IV.
350
. 13.7. FAR FTP-
. 13.8. FAR FTP
FTP- , . . ,
, FTP-
.
FTP- , FTP-, Linux. , ,
:
http://www.computerra.ru/gid/rtfm/internet/37948/;
http://linux4u.jinr.ru/docs/master.doc/admin-html/ch09s03.html;
http://www.citforum.ru/internet/ftp/serv-u/.
13. FTP-
351
TFTP-
, . TFTP- Windows Linux.
Windows tftpd32,
http://tftpd32.jounin.net.
. TFTP
, . ,
Allied Telesis TFTP-.
TFTP- Windows http://
www.winagents.ru/products/tftp-client.
Linux
TFTP- .
atftpd atftp.
Linux.
.
. atftp, help.
:
beard@beard-laptop ~ $ atftp
tftp> help
Available command are:
connect
connect to tftp server
mode
set file transfer mode (netascii/octet)
option
set RFC1350 options
put
upload a file to the host
get
download a file from the host
mtftp
set mtftp variables
mget
download file from mtftp server
quit
exit tftp
verbose
toggle verbose mode
trace
toggle trace mode
status
print status information
timeout
set the timeout before a retry
help
print help message
?
print help message
tftp>
tftpd, .
beard@beard-laptop ~ $ atftpd
Usage: tftpd [options] [directory]
[options] may be:
-t, --tftpd-timeout <value>: number of second of inactivity before exiting
-r, --retry-timeout <value>: time to wait a reply before retransmition
-m, --maxthread <value>
: number of concurrent thread allowed
-v, --verbose [value]
: increase or set the level of output messages
IV.
352
--trace
:
--no-timeout
:
--no-tsize
:
--no-blksize
:
--no-multicast
:
--logfile <file>
:
--pidfile <file>
:
--listen-local
:
--daemon
:
--no-fork
:
--user <user[.group]>
:
--group <group>
:
--port <port>
:
--bind-address <IP>
:
--mcast-ttl
:
--mcast-addr <address list>:
--mcast-port <port range> :
--pcre <file>
:
--pcre-test <file>
:
server
--mtftp <file>
:
--mtftp-port <port>
:
--no-source-port-checking :
--mcast-switch-client
:
page
-V, --version
:
-h, --help
:
log all sent and received packets

disable 'timeout' from RFC2349
disable 'tsize' from RFC2349
disable 'blksize' from RFC2348
disable 'multicast' from RFC2090
logfile to log logs to ;-)
write PID to this file
force listen on local network address
run atftpd standalone (no inetd)
run as a daemon, don't fork
default is nobody
default is nogroup
port on which atftp listen
local address atftpd listen to
ttl to used for multicast
list/range of IP address to use
ports to use for multicast transfer
use this file for pattern replacement
just test pattern file, not starting
mtftp configuration file
port mtftp will listen
violate RFC, see man page
switch client on first timeout, see man
print version information
print this help

, TFTP- ,
. Linux Mint 9 atftp
/srv/tftp/.
test.txt.
, :
beard@beard-laptop ~ $ atftp 127.0.0.1
tftp> get test.txt
tftp>
tftp .
tftp put.
http://
feyhoa.org.ua/archives/1045, .
, .
, TFTP- .
14
Web-
Web-, , . , Web- .
, , . . .
Web- .
Windows Server 2003 Web-.
Web-
Windows 2000 Server Windows Server 2003 ,
Web- . Web-
, Internet Information Services (IIS, Web-
Microsoft). ,
, .
, ( ). ,
.
, :
1. | | .
2.
.
3.
Windows.
4. (. 14.1) Windows
Internet Information Services (IIS). ,
, , ,
.
IV.
354
. 14.1. Windows
5. Internet
Information Services.
IIS, , . IIS:
1. Internet Information Services (. 14.2).
| | |
.
. 14.2. Internet Information Services
14. Web-
355
2. , . (. 14.3).
. 14.3. : < >
3. WWW .
.
4. WWW < > ,
(. 14.4).
5. , .
6. .
7. Default.htm
OK. .
8.
\InetPub\wwwroot. Default.htm.
HTML-, Default.htm.
9. , ,
.
:
356
IV.
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
<h1>

.
.
</h1>
</body>
</html>
. 14.4. WWW- < >,

10. Default.htm \InetPub\wwwroot.

11. WWW-,
IP- .
, . 14.5.
, http://127.0.0.1/.
. Web-
.
14. Web-
357
. 14.5. Microsoft Internet Explorer
Web-
Web- . , Web-
, , Web Windows 98.
Analogx Simple Server,
www.analogx.com . Web- , Windows. WWW , Index.htm.
. , . , . .
:
1. | | Analogx | SimpleServer | WWW |
SimpleServer.WWW. (. 14.6), .
2. ,
OK.
3. Start, Stop.
4. IP- .
( ).
5. -
IP- WWW-.
.
, Web- .
, , -
358
IV.
,
Web-. . Web-,
,
, ,
.
. 14.6. AnalogX SimpleServer
Web- Linux ( ) :
http://www.acme.com/software/thttpd/.
,
: http://www.sysoev.ru/nginx/.
, : http://
www.sysadmin.mail.ru/pforum/viewtopic.php?p=77255.
Web- Apache Windows
http://www.xakep.ru/magazine/xs/022/038/1.asp.
15
DHCP-
DHCP1- ,

. , DHCP-, , .
DHCP- .
DHCP- Windows 2000 Server Windows Server 2003
. Windows. DHCP- , , , .
, DHCP- Linux .
,
"DHCP Windows XP: " http://www.citforum.ru/
operating_systems/windows/dhcp_winxp/.
() Windows-, DHCP
ADSL Router D-Link DSL-500T, IP- DNS- . ,
Windows, , Linux.
, DHCP- .
DHCP- Windows Server 2003

, DHCP-
. ,
1
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol ().
360
IV.
IP-.
, , , . , , , .
,
IP- . IP-
. ,
, , .
DHCP-,
Windows Server 2003. , ,
192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0. 192.168.1.50192.168.1.70
192.168.1.130192.168.1.200.
DHCP-.
ADSL- IP- 192.168.1.1. DNS 195.34.32.116.
DHCP- (. 15.1) ( | ). . DHCP-.
. 15.1.
15. DHCP-
361
, . ,
IP-, .
(. 15.2).
. 15.2. ,
(. 15.3) , . , ,
192.168.1.50, 192.168.1.200.
(. 15.4) 192.168.1.71
192.168.1.129.
. , (),
. 192.168.1.1.
DNS-.
, DNS-
, . DNS-
195.34.32.116 (. 15.5) .
WINS-, , ,
, .
. DHCP-, .
DHCP-
. 15.6.
362
IV.
. 15.3. ,
. 15.4. ,
DHCP-, IP- DNS- TCP/IP-

. IP- , DNS- . , (. 15.7).
15. DHCP-
. 15.5. ,
DNS-
. 15.6. ,
363
364
IV.
. 15.7.

DHCP- .
TCP/IP- , .
, DHCP- .
IP- DHCP-
, IP- . IP-
. 15.8. DHCP,
15. DHCP-
365
DHCP-. ,
DHCP ( | DHCP). . 15.8
DHCP. .
(. 15.9).
, . , IP- , DHCP-, MAC- ipconfig /all, (. 15.10).
, , .

(. 15.11).

IP-, (. 15.12) , .
. 15.9.
. 15.10. (MAC)
IV.
366
. 15.11. DHCP
. 15.12. DHCP,

DHCP-, .
, DHCP- .
DHCP- .
DNS- WINS , IP-.
DHCP- . ,
. ,
IP-. , ,
, .
15. DHCP-
367
DHCP (. 15.13).
. 15.13. : Internet Protocol TCP/IP

( )
, .
IP- .
.
DHCP-. , DHCP- .
IP- . , .
DHCP- . DHCP-, ADSL Router D-Link DSL-500T, . . 15.14 Web- DHCP, ADSL Router.
DHCP- IP-
, DNS- IP- . ,
.
IV.
368
. 15.14. Setup DHCP Configuration DHSP-, DSL-500T
,
DHCP-:
DHCP
http://www.wtware.ru/netman/netman1.html;
DHCP-
http://www.thg.ru/howto/20040731/windows_server-04.html;
DHCP
http://xpoint.ru/forums/searching/thread/32063.xhtml;
DHCP
http://oszone.net/3973_2#0.1_01000011.
DHCP- Linux Ubuntu

, DHCP-
Firestarter (. 2). Firestarter,
Linux , DHCP-
15. DHCP-
369
, IP-
, "" .
eth0.
, 192.168.0.1
192.168.0.0/24.
DHCP-:
apt-get install dhcp3-server
/etc/default/dhcp3-server ,
:
INTERFACES="eth1"
DHCP-. /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf
domain-name domain-name-server :
option domain-name "uardomayn.dom";
option domain-name-servers 192.168.0.1;
, :
subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.0.2 192.168.0.254;
option domain-name-servers < DNS- >;
option routers 192.168.0.1;
}
MAC- , IP-:
host first {
hardware ethernet 00:E0:4C:B7:C2:59;
fixed-address 192.168.0.200;
}
DHCP-:
/etc/init.d/dhcp3-server restart
IP-
.

,
Ubuntu, . Ubuntu.
16
WINS-
,
WINS-.
WINS- Windows Server 2003

WINS- Windows. , ,
, IP-,
WINS- . WINS- NetBIOS-,
.
.
, , . , , WINS, .
, , .
, , . WINS-
. , . WINS- (. 16.1)
.
DHCP-, WINS-,
IP- . ,
Windows XP , . Windows, DOS Linux ( Samba), , WINS-. . ,
, , .
16. WINS-
371
. 16.1. WINS,
, , ,
WINS- 10 000 , 12 WINS-. , , , WINS. , TCP/IP- NetBIOS TCP/IP (. 16.2).
. 16.2. TCP/IP
372
IV.
WINS-
, .
DHCP, ,
(. 16.3).
. 16.3.

, ,
, . ""
,
.
. 16.4.
IP- 192.168.116.3.
. ,
, ,
, , . OpenVPN DHCP-.
, , . . , ,
IP-, ,
IP- .
16. WINS-
373
. 16.2 ,
LMHOSTS. , IP- , , LMHOSTS.
WINS-
. ,
.
. 16.4.
, WINS
. (. 16.5), IP-. NetBIOS .

LMHOSTS . NetBIOS, , WINS- .
IV.
374
. 16.5.
, WINS- . .
, ,
WINS-. , . .
, WINS-:
http://ptk.vrn.ru/lib/win/nt_5.2/book/Glava13/Index43.html;
http://info.mitht.rssi.ru/wins/;
http://forum.ixbt.com/post.cgi?id=print:86:17;
http://www.icomf.ru/index.php?name=PNphpBB2&file=viewtopic&p=7609;
http://forums.avalon.ru/forum/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=5507;
http://bugtraq.ru/cgi-bin/forum.mcgi?type=sb&b=4&m=112534;
http://www.opennet.ru/openforum/vsluhforumID1/38526.html.
17
DNS-
DNS-
. ,
. DNS- Active Directory. DNS- IP- , Active
Directory .
IP- . IP-, .
- NetBIOS.
, Windows
TCP/IP.
, NetBIOS ,
. NetBIOS- ( ),
, ,
.
LMHOSTS IP- NetBIOS- .
.
, NetBIOS-. , . , .
, , .
, , IP-. DNS-. DHCP,
, ,
.
DNS-, IP- Web-, ,
. DNS-,
Web-.
376
IV.
DNS- .
IP- .
IP- , .
IP-, ,
, . , .
DNS- , DHCP-.
, DNS-, , . , ,
IP- . DNS-
IP-. DHCP-,
.
DNS-
, -
, , ?
DNS-,
. ,
. ,
Active Directory. 18. , . ,
DNS-. , .
, , ,
. , ,
,
. , .
, , . , , RU. AUTOPARK. AUTOPARK.RU. ,
15AP.AUTOPARK.RU.
. 15AP AUTOPARK.
, .
AUTOPARK.RU 15AP.AUTOPARK.RU.
DNS-, Web-
http:\\15ap.autopark.ru, ,
DNS-. -
17. DNS-
377
, . ,
, - .
, , . , , ping www.ru.
, RU. , DOM, . , , . ,
MYHOME.DOM.
. ? ,
. , , IP- . 15AP.AUTOPARK.RU
COMP1.15AP.AUTOPARK.RU.
. IP-
. , , "" .
,
, Web-
. IP, .
,
. DNS- ,
IP- ,
DNS-.
, , ,
Active Directory. , ,
DNS-. ,
DNS-, ,
. , DNS-. ,
, DNS-. DNS- ,
DHCP, . DNS- , , Active Directory,
DHCP . , DNS-,
, .
DNS- Windows Server 2003

, DNS ( | -
378
IV.
). DNS-
DNS- (. 17.1).
. 17.1. DNS-
, . , . DNS-
, .
, IP-. , .
, . , , .
DNS- ( | DNS)
(. 17.2).
, ,
. , dnsmgmt (
DNS-).
(. 17.3), . , .
"" , .
17. DNS-
379
. 17.2. dnsmgmt
. 17.3. MH2003S ,
, , .
, DNS-
. DNS-
(. 17.4).
, , DNS- . , .
380
IV.
. 17.4. MH2003S ,
DNS-, Windows Server 2003, .

DNS-, DHCP-
(. 17.5).
. 17.5. DHCP,
DNS- DHCP-
, DHCP-.
17. DNS-
381
,
DHCP-, DNS-. , .
DHCP-. DNS- DNS-.
, , ,
.

DNS-, DNS- . - ,
. , , Web . ,
IP- , .
http://xnets.ru/plugins/content/content.php?content.128.
http://networkdoc.ru/files/insop/win2003/read.html?dns.html.
http://forum.smart-soft.ru/forum_posts.asp?TID=9166&PN=1.
http://weec.ovl.ru/xmbforum/viewthread.php?tid=436.
DNS- Linux
http://sudouser.com/ustanovka-i-nastrojka-dns-servera-bind9-ubuntu-debianhowto.html.
18
media-
. ,
. ,
.
. -, . ,
. ,
. , . . media-
. Microsoft, ,
, , media-
. ,
- - .
Windows Media 9 Series

http://www.microsoft.com/windows/windowsmedia/ru/9series/encoder/default.aspx.
, , , . Web ( ) , .
on-line, ,
Web- .
.
. ,
, .
18. media-
383
,
, Web-.
Windows. , , Web .
, Web- , . Windows Media 9 Series
. .
Web- ,
Windows Media Player. Media Player 9 10.
Windows Media 9 Series Web-, wmv. Web-.
Web-
, .
Web- Microsoft FrontPage 2003. ,
Microsoft FrontPage 2003 , .
, Web :
1. Microsoft FrontPage 2003.
2.
.
3. , .
4. | | .
5. ,
.
6. , .
2 2. .
7. .
8. | -,
|
ActiveX.
9. .
10. Windows Media Player
. Windows Media Player,
.
11. (
) ActiveX.
IV.
384
12. , , , ( 3333).
, . http://Localhost:3333,
.

, ,
Windows Media 9 Series, ,
.
, . , .
ActiveX-. :
http://192.168.1.50:9080/proba_video.htm,
ActiveX http://192.168.1.50:3333.
.
13. Proba_video.htm Web-.
14. , Windows Media Player . .
Windows Media 9 Series (,
, ). , Web- , ,
.
:
1. .
2.
.
3. , .
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4. .
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18. media-
385
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9. ,
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IV.
386
, , , , ,
Windows Media 9 Series.
!
"". .
, . .
Windows Media 9 Series Windows. Linux.
, Microsoft, , , . Linux, Windows.
VLC Media Player.
VLC Media Player

http://chelcom.ru/modules/smartsection/item.php?itemid=95.
,
. . ,
, . , .

VLC Media Player , - . VLC Media Player media-, VLC Media Player.

VLC Media Player , play-,
. . play-
.
Windows . Linux , .
, Linux. ,

Windows. , , , ,
, .
18. media-
387
VLC Media Player .

:
;
( );
, ;
VLC Media Player.
Alla_Pugacheva_Starinnye_chasy.avi,
C:\PlayVLC. play-.
, , , .
, ,
(. 18.2), , .
. 18.2. VLC media player
,
, . |
(. 18.3).
,
OK, . ... .
, , , , VLC
Media Player . ,
.
1. | . ,
(. 18.4).
2. Next.
3. .
4. , , . Next.
5. (. 18.5).
( ) , RTP Unicast IP-, RTP
Multicast IP- , HTTP ,
IV.
388
. 18.3.
. 18.4. /
18. media-
389
. 18.5. /, ()
IP-, , . .
6. (. 18.6) .
:
, - media-... MPEG 1.
7. (. 18.7) , .
. ! Finish.
! ? ,
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| . , , List1, . , ,
.
.
390
IV.
. 18.6.
/,

. 18.7.
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18. media-
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, , . , .
392
IV.
. 18.9. ...,
. 18.10. VLC media player:
18. media-
393
, Windows Server 2003 media. .

(
)
HTML-, . , Web-. , . Windows .

Windows Server 2003,
, ,
, , .
, : | | gpedit.msc |
Computer configuration | Administrative templates | Windows components | Terminal
services | Client/server data redirection | Allow audio redirection Enabled.
, media-. , ,
. , : "
?".
http://www.citforum.ru/hardware/articles/dig_home/;
http://www.computerra.ru/think/ogorod/39258/;
http://www.csu.ac.ru/osp/os/1996/04/source/71.html.
19

? , , . , . .
, ,
.
, , , . , ,
.
? - ( !)? .
Windows Server 2003

,
, .
. , .
IP-,
, DinDNS
(http://www.dyndns.org) . ,
,
. .
, ,
, ,
.
,
, .
. -
19.
395
Windows. ,
. ,
, , ,
. DinDNS okobox.homeip.net. , ,
, SMTP. ,
,
- . ,
okobox.homeip.net.
, .
. SMTP- POP3-. SMTP | IIS (. 19.1), POP3 | POP3 (. 19.2).
. 19.1. Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager ( SMTP-)
SMTP- Internet Information

Services (IIS) Manager (. . 19.1) SMTP- (
), .
. , (. 19.3).
. 25 6525.
SMTP-
, (. 19.4), ,
.
396
IV.
. 19.2. POP3 Service, POP3 Service \ AP152003S
. 19.3.
. 19.4.
19.
397
SMTP-, POP3-.
SMTP- , POP3-
Windows. ,
. , ,
.
POP3 Service ( POP3 Service \ AP152003S) (. . 19.2)
, Add
Mailbox ( ). (. 19.5). .
. 19.5.
. braginsky . . 110 .
,
, .
, . , "" (ADSL )
. IP-
Windows Server 2003.

SMTP- .
SMTP- . POP3-. , ,
. , . Windows Server 2003 Web-
. E-mail Services
(. 19.6), .
POP3 Service Web Administration, .
IV.
398
. 19.6. E-mail Services
Web-.
, .
, .
, .
Web-
, Web- . Windows Server 2003
. ,
.
Web- Web- . ,
. ,
Web-, 80.
8098, HTTP HTTPS. : https://www.myserver.ru:8098. , , ,
IP-.

, - . , ,
. , E-Mail (. 19.7).
19.
399
. 19.7. Server Administration Microsoft Internet Explorer, E-Mail
: Server Properties ( ) Domains and Mailboxes ( ).

. Server Properties (. 19.8).
, ,
, POP3. , , . ,
. ?
. , ,
. ,
, . .

, ,
, , .

, , , POP3- . , .
SMTP- ,
.
400
IV.
. 19.8. Internet Explorer, Server Properties
Domains and Mailboxes (. 19.9)

/ , .
, .
. 19.9. Internet Explorer, Domains and Mailboxes
19.
401
Web-
, Users () . 19.10.
. 19.10. Internet Explorer, Users
, .
, . .
, , .
. , . ,
. , . -
402
IV.
HTTP-,
, Web-
.
Courier Mail Server

Courier Mail Server (CMS) , Windows Server 2003. ,
. .
Courier Mail Server (CMS) , Windows 9x/ME/NT/2000/XP.

, .
CMS:
SMTP-;
POP3-;
POP3-;
;
IP-;
;
SMTP-;
.
CMS .
, . , .
, .
:
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) ;
Post Office Protocol v.3 (POP3) .
: SMTP 25, POP3 110.
CMS IP-.
, SMTP-, .
( ) ( ).
,
( @) .
SMTP-
,
.
. , (
).
19.
403
POP3- , , .

, .

: Windows 9x/ME/NT/2000/XP.
: 1
.
TCP/IP.
,

, .

Windows .

CMS TCP/IP ,
SMTP POP3 (Outlook Express, The Bat! ).

CMS zip-, . ,
, , CourierMS.exe.
.
.
Windows .
, ,
(system tray) .
Windows,
.
, ,
, , , . , .

CMS () Windows NT/2000/XP, Windows 9x/ME.
IV.
404
CMS .
Courier Mail Server .
Windows CMS . .
. Windows NT/2000/XP (Service Control Manager), Windows 9x/ME
CourierMS.exe /service .
.

(. 19.11) Courier Mail Server 4 :
( ) ;
( ) -
, SMTP-
POP3-;
( )
SMTP/POP3-. / ;
( ) .
. 19.11. Courier Mail Server
19.
405
:
,
CMS;
;
, -
CMS ,
;
,
. , ;
-
;
,

. ,
.
.
<F1>.
(. 19.12) .
, , mycompany.ru.
, SMTP- CMS , , ,
user@mycompany.ru, user, . . .
user@yourcompany.ru, , . .
yourcompany.ru .
, , , . . SMTP user, user, user@mycompany.ru.
.

postmaster, , . , postmaster@
mycompany.ru postmaster, .

,
, . CMS
IV.
406
, ,
.
. 19.12. : ,
;

;
;

.
, , .

(. 19.13) .
. .
postmaster
( 1).
19.
407
. 19.13.
(. 19.14) :
;
.
. , . .
. user,
mydomain.ru, user@
mydomain.ru;
;
POP3 ,
;
, ;
e-mail ,
.
, . , , , .
, mycompany.ru . user@mycompany.ru . :
SMTP-, ,
, . . mycompany.ru ;
, , . . user@mycompany.ru. , , ,
.
IV.
408
. 19.14. :
, .
(,
, ), , , , . ;
;
;
;
.
IP-
IP- . 19.15.
:
;
-
. IP-, , , . ,
. , , -
19.
409
. , ;
,
, .
. 19.15. : IP IP
.
(127.0.0.1) (192.168.10.xxx). 192.168.10.12
SMTP-. C
.

:
1. 127.0.0.1, SMTP POP3, .
2. 192.168.10.12, SMTP, .
3. 192.168.10.1192.168.10.255, SMTP POP3, .
SMTP/POP3-
SMTP- POP3- . 19.16 19.17.
, . :
SMTP 25, POP3 110.

( ).
410
IV.
. 19.16. : SMTP
. 19.17. : POP3
19.
411
, NN -
(NN ) ,
. 10 , , . . .
, . , , . SMTP-
.
SMTP-
SMTP- SMTP- (. 19.18).

SMTP IP- SMTP-, . .
. 25.
- ()
, .
5 .
EHLO
, EHLO , .
. 19.18. : SMTP
IV.
412
SMTP -
SMTP-.
POP3-
POP3- POP3- (. 19.19). POP3 ( ),
.
. 19.19. : POP3

. 19.20 .
,
.
POP3 ( IP-) POP3-,
.
. 110.
. ( @ ).
.
, . , <> <>.
19.
413

, ( ), .
. <> Received, To
Cc.
APOP/MD5 ,
USER/PASS
APOP/MD5. POP3-
.
. 19.20.
(. 19.21) .
, . .

(. 19.22)
.
.
.
, .
:
,
( :);
, ( :). , 00:00 23:59, ;
IV.
414
. 19.21. :
. 19.22. : N
19.
415
, .

, . , .
, -
.
. , ,
.
, :
, ;
,
;
,
;
,
. "?" "*" (,
Mail\Mailbox\scheduler\*.msg);
,
.
.

: (. 19.23) Windows.
Windows
(. 19.24).
:
;
;
;
, .
.
, -
416
IV.
. 19.23. :
. 19.24. : 1055555
19.
417
,
. , .
. . .
,
. , Windows.

.
, .
(. 19.25)
, .
, .
, , , . ,
.
. 19.25. :
IV.
418
, , SMTP-.

(. 19.26).
. , .
.
,
, . , .
-
, .
,
, . ,
, .
.
. 19.26.
:
(
);

.log;
19.
419
(Monday.log, Tuesday.log . .);

,
. , .
;
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old. old , . log.
:

;
/ , / , ;
.

,
CMS.
,
,
. , :
SMTP , POP3 , ( ), .
SMTP POP3 , CMS. IP-, , . .
IP-
(, , ). IP-
, ipconfig.exe winipcfg.exe.
, ,
IP- 127.0.0.1 (
localhost). ( )
, .
,
( , , ).
.
. , SMTP-
POP3- .
420
IV.
:
, ;
;
, ;
IP- /, ;
SMTP-
, POP3- (
);
.
.
CMS .
, , . . ,
.
:
: " " () , ! , * ,
+ , "- , x
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;
;
, ;
;
.
. , .
.
, , scheduler. / ,
.
Mail\Mailbox\scheduler\*.msg.
.
(scheduler@_).
scheduler, .
/ , , , (, scheduler_send scheduler_recv) .
SMTP-
(5xx), EHLO
19.
421
bad, . ,
.
( *.msg).

msg. , .
, , , .
:
;
.
IP- IP-, , , . .
, CMS, ,
IP- ,
.
.
,
. , , .
( ). , .
SMTP- POP3-
: .
( SMTP PLAIN
LOGIN, POP3 USER/PASS) .
( SMTP CRAMMD5, POP3 APOP/MD5) , , -.
, , , . .
, , .
, , ,
( ).
422
IV.
, mydomain.ru,
SMTP/POP3- (25 110 )
: user1 user2.
user1 . (To)
user2@mydomain.ru. . . .
user2 .
user1. ( , , , .)
.
user1.
,
.

:
1. , CMS SMTP/POP3- (
). , , - .
, CMS .
2. SMTP/POP3- ,
telnet.
: telnet <> <>, IP- , CMS; SMTP POP3- CMS ( 25 110).
telnet ,
"220" SMTP-, "+OK" POP3-.
,
CMS. ,
.
, ,
, . , , .
telnet, ( ), . , / . , , .
CMS Log Viewer (. 19.27), .
19.
423
. 1.57,
http://courierms.narod.ru/,
, .
. 19.27.
, , .
:
Linux
http://www.sitysoft.com/modules/articles/item.php?itemid=11,
http://www.mailinfo.ru/stories.php?story=02/01/09/3747367;
Office Mail Server
http://classcom.by/oms/,
http://darkdragon.dynalias.org/wiki/OMSHelp;
Kerio MailServer
http://www.izcity.com/data/soft/article999.htm;
MDaemon
http://www.redcom.ru/isp/netFiles/iServers/MDaemon,
http://www.ru-board.com/new/article.php?sid=142.
424
IV.

Windows

. ,
. , ,
, DHCP-,
, .
, . ,
. , , Windows 2000 Server,
.
20

, IT . Active Directory (AD) ,
, AD .
, Windows XP Home
Windows 98. ,
, ,
, Active Directory .
Active Directory
Active Directory.
, Active
Directory , , AD. . , AD, .
AD?
AD Windows Server 2003. ,
, ,
.
, , ,
AD. , AD , , (, ).

, ,
, , .
,
, , , -
428
V.
AD,
. , , , .
, AD, ,
, .
AD .
AD
( ,
). , , , , . AD
AD, , .
AD
, AD. , ,
19, , .
. , AD
. . AD ,
. , , ,
, . , ,
, .
, ,
. , .
.
AD ,
.

| .
, ,
(Active Directory). , AD. , . AD ,
Windows, Samba Apple Mac OS X
AD
20.
429
, Windows Server 2003.

( Windows XP
Windows 2000), .
.
AD ,
AD. ,
(. 20.1).
. 20.1. Active Directory ( )
(. 20.2).
, .

.
(. 20.3). 8
DNS-.
, myhome.dom.
AD. , , , .
, NetBIOS-
(. 20.4).
AD (. 20.5). ,
.
(. 20.6),
, NTFS.
FAT32,
430
V.
DOS . .
AD DNS . , , , DNS
AD.
20.
431
" DNS-
DNS- DNS-".
(. 20.7),
. . , , , , , , Windows 2000.
. 20.4. Active Directory NetBIOS-

( AD )
432
V.

( )
. , , . .
(. 20.8).
20.
433

AD. .
.

( )

, . , ,
. .
, . .
.
| Active Directory (. 20.9).
, , , .
, , ... ,
.
.
, , POP3
AD. - , -
434
V.
. 20.9. Active Directory Users and Computers Active Directory

. 20.10. Outlook Express
20.
435
SMTP-. POP3
.
. SMTP-.
(. 20.10).

, . ,
, .
.
AD . ,
, , , .
,
,
.
, .
: |
.
(. 20.11).
. , .
. 20.11. Default Domain Security Settings ( )
436
V.
. 20.12. Default Domain Security Settings (

)
. 20.13. :
20.
437
.
. , .
(. 20.12).
. , , .
, , , . (
) (. 20.13).
,
.
Users () (. . 20.9).
, , .

AD.
,
, . .
. .
, . , ,
. Builtin (), Computers
(), Domain Controllers ( ), ForeignSecurityPrincipal ( ), Users ().
AD , ,
(. 20.14). AD . .
.
, "a", User.
. , AD, . .
, .
. . -
438
V.
,
. , . .

( )
, DHCP-,
, .
| Active Directory (. 20.15).
OU (Organizational Unit).
, . OU Family ()
OU Groups () Users ().
AD. ,
, OU.
. 20.15. Active Directory Users and Computers ( )
20.
439
OU Users, OU Family,
(User). , . 20.16.
. 20.16. User
. ,
. ,
(. 20.17).
. 20.17. User ( )
440
V.
.
. , . ,
, , .
.
.
(. 20.18) ,
. , , , , ,
.
. 20.18. : < >
DHCP. , , ,
,
. , , ,
. .
(. 20.19). .
: "" . : "" (. 20.20).
20.
441
. 20.19. : < > ( )

DHCP. OK.
(. 20.21)
. OK,
. , , , , .
.
,
, .
, , - (. . 20.19). Active Directory ,
, .
. ,
( ).
,
442
V.
, : , ,
, , .
. 20.20. : ""
. 20.21. : "" ( )
20.
443

, .
,
.
. HTML , , . , "" .
, ,
. , .
.
.
( ),
.
.

, ,
. , .
, .
.

Computers Active Directory Users and Computers (. 20.22)
. ,
Windows 2000.
. ,
,
" ".
(. . 20.19). , , .
. ,
, ,
, .
444
V.
. 20.22. Active Directory Users and Computers ( Computers)
, ,
,
.
, ,
. Windows XP
Home Edition, , .

. , . , .
, . , . ,
, .

, , .
, , ,
. , , .
,
, ,
. Active Directory
(. 20.23).
Active Directory, .
() (. 20.24).
20.
445
. 20.23. Active Directory Users and Computers (Printers)
. 20.24. : < >,

,
, Active Directory.
. . 20.25 , City () .
( )
. , .
446
V.

( )
, <Shift>, .
,
(. 20.26). , , , (. 20.27).
, ,
, . .
. 20.26.
20.
447
. 20.27.

, , : " ".
.
, Windows .
, , .
. , . (). , . ,
, .
, . : , ? .
.
runas.
Run as. . , FAR,
.
. , , ,
.
V.
448
FAR MYHOME ( ) SimpleUser ( 20.1).

20.1
C:\Documents and Settings\SimpleUser>runas /user:myhome\administrator
c:\far\far
myhome\administrator:
,
FAR. .

.
, Active Directory ,

, .

Active Directory (AD).
Windows 2000:
http://www.osp.ru/text/302/175285/;
http://rtfm.rechitsa.by/modules.php?name=News&file=view&news_id=237.
Windows 2003:
http://www.osp.ru/text/302/177399/.
Windows 2003:
http://www.networkdoc.ru/insop/win2003.html.
AD:
http://www.networkdoc.ru/insop/activ-dir.html.
:
http://www.jroshin.pp.ru/cgi-bin/sqcgi/area/RU.WINDOWS.XP/codewin/
msg/141
, Linux AD. , http://mds.mandriva.org/wiki/Download
Mandriva Directory Service Mandriva Linux 2008. ,
. , MDS
.
Windows.
VI
, .
, , . , - ,
. ,
.
21

, , ,
. , , ,
.
, ,
.

, , , , ,
.
. , . , , .
"" ,
, -.
, , . ,
, ,
, .
. , ,
, .
. , , , Microsoft,
. Windows
. ,
452
VI.
,
...
( 21.1).
21.1. XcopyBook.bat
@ echo off
xcopy /c /y /z /i /e /d < >
\\<_>\< > >C:\Arch.txt
Edit c:\arch.txt
goto exit
:lowmemory
echo
echo .
goto exit
:abort
echo <Ctrl>+<C>.
goto exit
:exit
xcopy. , .
. , xcopy, Arch.txt, Windows Edit. , , .
, ,
.
.
, ,
, Windows. .
.
del
.
, , Windows.
21.
453
PrimalScript
, .
, VBScript, JScript. Windows.
, ,
, ,

.
PrimalScript,
http://www.primalscript.com/. , ,
, .
, PrimalScript
,
, .
, Windows 2000 Server Windows Server 2003.
http://www.microsoft.com/downloads.
, Script Debugger for Windows NT 4.0,
2000, and XP.
. 21.1 PrimalScript .
Windows (. 21.2).

http://www.sapien.com/tutorials/ps20minutes.pdf. ,
,
. , .
, , . , Windows , ,
. , 21.2, .
21.2. Groups.vbs.
'********** **************
' Groups.vbs
'DomainName
'
' groups.txt
'********* **************************************
Dim Container
Dim DomainName
454
VI.
Dim Group
Dim StrTxt
DomainName = "ap15.dom"
Set Container = GetObject("WinNT://" & DomainName)
Container.Filter = Array("Group")
For Each Group In Container
StrTxt = StrTxt & VbCrLf & Group.Name
Next
'MsgBox StrTxt
set FSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
txtlog = "Groups.txt"
set LogFile = FSO.CreateTextFile(txtlog, True)
LogFile.WriteLine Date & " " & Time & vbCrLf & strtxt
LogFile.Close
'**********************************************************

. , ( 21.3 21.4).
. 21.1. PrimalScript
21.
455
. 21.2. Microsoft Script Debugger ,
21.3.
'*********************************************************
'
Const FILE_SHARE = 0
Const MAXIMUM_CONNECTIONS = 9
strComputer = "."
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:" _
& "{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
Set objNewShare = objWMIService.Get("Win32_Share")
errReturn = objNewShare.Create _
("C:\SHRf", "NameShare", FILE_SHARE, _
MAXIMUM_CONNECTIONS, " .")
Wscript.Echo errReturn
'**********************************************************
21.4.
'*********************************************************
'
'
strComputer = "."
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:" _
& "{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
VI.
456
Set colShares = objWMIService.ExecQuery _

("Select * from Win32_Share Where Name = 'NameShare1'")
For Each objShare in colShares
objShare.Delete
Next
'**********************************************************

,
, .
, , , .
-
, , ,
. , ,
. , .
.
.
.
HTA
HTA (HTML Application)
.
, script-. .
.
HTA
HTML- script-.
, ,
(. 21.3 21.5).
21.5. HTA-
<HTML>
<META HTTP-EQUIV="Page-Enter"
CONTENT="revealTrans(Duration=3.0,Transition=14)">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type"
content="text/html; charset=windows-1251">
<font color="yellow" size="2" face="Arial">
<HEAD>
21.
<TITLE> </TITLE>

<p align="center"><b>
</b>

<HTA:APPLICATION ID="oHTA" CAPTION="yes" MAXIMIZEBUTTON=NO
MINIMIZEBUTTON=NO>
<!- ,
users.txt ( )
*********************************'-->
<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="VBScript">
<!-DomainName = InputBox ("
"," :","XXXXX")
Set Container = GetObject("WinNT://" & DomainName)
Container.Filter = Array("User")
i = 0
StrTxt = ""
Messg = ""
For Each User In Container
i = i + 1
On Error Resume Next
Messg = i
Messg = Messg & ";" & User.Name
Err.Clear
Messg = Messg & ";" & User.FullName
Err.Clear
Messg = Messg & ";" & User.LastLogin
If Err.Description <> "" Then Messg = Messg & ";" & _
"01.01.1930 00:00:00"
Err.Clear
Messg = Messg & VbCrLf
StrTxt = StrTxt & Messg
Err.Clear
Next
set FSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
txtlog = "Users.txt"
set LogFile = FSO.CreateTextFile(txtlog, True)
LogFile.WriteLine Date & " " & Time & vbCrLf & strtxt
LogFile.Close
-->
</SCRIPT>

</HEAD>
457
458
VI.

<BODY BGCOLOR="navy" SCROLL=no onLoad="clock_form()">

<table border="1" width="100%" bordercolorlight="navy"
bordercolordark="navy" bordercolor="navy"
bgcolor="aqua" cellspacing="1%">
<tr>
<td width="15%"><p align="center">

<button onclick="clickme()">==?==</button>
</td>
<td width="15%">

<p align="center"><INPUT ID=btnSaveFile TYPE=button
VALUE=" <>user.txt" ONCLICK="fileSave()">
</td>
<td width="15%"> </td>
<td width="15%"> </td>
<td width="15%"><p align="center">

<input type="button" value="!" onclick="closeIt()">
</td>
</tr>
</table>


<TEXTAREA id=txtArea rows=12 wrap=off cols=36
style="WIDTH: 735px; HEIGHT: 390px">
</TEXTAREA>
<BR>

<script language="VBScript">
<!-Sub clickme()
Alert " !"
End Sub
'-->
</script>

<script language="VBScript">
<!-Sub mousmove()
Alert "... !"
End Sub
'-->
</script>
21.

<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript"><!-var fs = new ActiveXObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject");
{
var txtStream = fs.OpenTextFile("Users.txt",1,false);
txtArea.value = txtStream.ReadAll();
txtStream.Close();
}
function fileSave(){
temp_date = new Date();
day = temp_date.getDate();
month = temp_date.getMonth() + 1;
year = temp_date.getYear();
if (day < 10){
day = "0" + day;
}
if (month <10){
month = "0" + month;
}
DT=""
DT +=day;
DT +=month;
DT +=year;
var txtStream = fs.OpenTextFile(DT+"Users.txt",2,true);
txtStream.Write(txtArea.value);
txtStream.Close();
}
//'-->
</SCRIPT>

<script language="JavaScript"><!-function closeIt() {
close();
}
// -->
</script>
<p align="center">

<script language="JavaScript"><!-function clock_form(){
day=new Date()
clock_f=day.getHours()+":"+day.getMinutes()+":"+
day.getSeconds()
document.form.f_clock.value=clock_f
id=setTimeout("clock_form()",100)
}
459
VI.
460
// -->
</script>
<form name=form metod="get">

Time is money
<input name=f_clock maxlength=8 size=3 onmousemove="mousmove()">
</form>
</BODY>
</HTML>
. 21.3.
,
, hta. users.txt , . .
<>user.txt , ,
. HTA- ,
, , HTML- <HEAD> </HEAD>,
. , PrimalScript, .
HTA- ,
21.
461
. . ,
, , . .
,
.

, , ,
.
http://www.okobox.narod.ru/scripts.htm , , .
,
:
http://www.citforum.ru/internet/html/hta/index.shtml;
http://forum.script-coding.info/;
http://www.script-coding.info/HTA.html;
http://www.board74.ru/gui_for_script/articles/basis4.html;
http://www.citforum.ru/internet/vbscript/vbscript.shtml;
http://www.rsdn.ru/article/files/dotnet/jsr.xml;
http://forum.ru-board.com/topic.cgi?forum=24&topic=1539.
Linux
Linux , Linux .
, Linux, . ,
.

. Linux ,
. . ,
.
, , .
, -
462
VI.
, . Linux , ,
. #!/bin/bash,
.
,
, Linux.
.
1
IP-.
myscr.txt, :
:
cat > myscr.txt
:
#!/bin/bash
<Ctrl>+<D>.
:
chmod ugo+rwx myscr.txt
:
beard@beard-laptop ~ $ cat > myscr.txt
#!/bin/bash
beard@beard-laptop ~ $ chmod ugo+rwx myscr.txt
beard@beard-laptop ~ $
. :
beard@beard-laptop ~ $ cat >> myscr.txt
sudo ifconfig eth0:1 214.79.100.52 netmask 255.255.255.192
<Ctrl> + <D>
:
beard@beard-laptop ~ $ cat myscr.txt
#!/bin/bash
sudo ifconfig eth0:1 214.79.100.52 netmask 255.255.255.192
. eth0 :
beard@beard-laptop ~ $ /home/beard/myscr.txt
[sudo] password for beard:
beard@beard-laptop ~ $ ifconfig
eth0
Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:16:d3:f9:30:6e
inet6 addr: fe80::216:d3ff:fef9:306e/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:34919 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
21.
463
TX packets:36738 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:27236428 (27.2 MB) TX bytes:4991537 (4.9 MB)
Interrupt:17
eth0:1
Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:16:d3:f9:30:6e

inet addr:214.79.100.52 Bcast:214.79.100.63 Mask:255.255.255.192
UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
Interrupt:17
lo
Link encap: (Loopback)

inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:2896 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:2896 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:266901 (266.9 KB) TX bytes:266901 (266.9 KB)
. eth0-1 .
,
IP-, .
. :
#!/bin/bash
sudo netstat -anp |grep 'tcp\|udp' | awk '{print $5}' | cut -d: -f1 |
sort | uniq > data.txt
for ip in
whois $ip
whois $ip
whois $ip
done
$(cat data.txt); do
| echo "$ip $(grep 'netname')";
| echo "$ip $(grep 'NetName')";
| echo "$ip $(grep 'OrgName')";
data.txt IP-, , whois , "netname", "NetName" "OrgName".

. :
beard@beard-laptop ~ $ '/home/beard/scr.txt'
0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0
VI.
464
192.168.10.1
192.168.10.1 NetName:
192.168.10.1 OrgName:
213.180.204.110 netname:
213.180.204.110
213.180.204.110
213.208.165.26 netname:
213.208.165.26
213.208.165.26
69.46.36.6
69.46.36.6 NetName:
69.46.36.6 OrgName:
74.125.79.100
74.125.79.100 NetName:
74.125.79.100 OrgName:
74.125.87.103
74.125.87.103 NetName:
74.125.87.103 OrgName:
74.125.87.155
74.125.87.155 NetName:
74.125.87.155 OrgName:
77.239.239.74 netname:
77.239.239.74
77.239.239.74
87.248.207.254 netname:
87.248.207.254
87.248.207.254
90.156.178.18 netname:
90.156.178.18
90.156.178.18
PRIVATE-ADDRESS-CBLK-RFC1918-IANA-RESERVED
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
YANDEX-213-180-204
NaukaNet
NETRIVER02
NetRiver INT LLC
GOOGLE
Google Inc.
GOOGLE
Google Inc.
GOOGLE
Google Inc.
RU-SATEL-20070312
LLNW-EU-2
vega-net
. Linux
. txt , .
22

, . , Web-.
.
,
, , , .

"" ,

.

. ,
, Windows XP Windows Vista.
,
, , .
, ,
.
. 22.1 Computer Management ( ).
. , . .
. , , , . ,
, (. 22.2).
, OK, ,
(. 22.3). ,
- .
466
VI.
. 22.1. Computer Management
22.
467
. ?
. , ,
! ? .
. , .
, . (. 22.4) ,
.
, ,
(. 22.5).
Web- (tsweb) ,
(. 22.6).
468
VI.
. 22.6. Computer Management tsweb
,
, Windows
(. 22.7). ,
.
. 22.7. Computer Management tsweb
22.
469
, ,
, .
, ,
!

" ". . .
, , .
, .
(, ), , . ,
. . . Terminal Service ,
, , , , .

.
. ,
. ,
,
, .
, - .
,
, , .
.

. CourierMS , , , Windows Server 2003.
. http://ironfist.at.tut.by/
( 50 ) , , ZeRAT.
, Windows, ,
. .
470
VI.
,
.
, , .
, .
Windows
.
, , .
bat.

? (
) , - , , .
. ,
. , .

e-mail
ZeRAT e-mail . , ,
, IP- . ping, ,
, Telnet, ...
.
, , . , ,
.
,
, ,
admins@popdomayn.
, . , , . , zip , admins.zip.
, .
, ,
- pkzip.exe. , , .
22.
471
ZeRAT . . , ZeRAT C:\zerat\. 22.1

Zerat.ini
22.1. Zerat.ini
;SMTP parameters
HELO:smtpdomayn
SMTPHOST: smtpdomayn
SMTPAuth:login
SMTPUSER:admins
SMTPPASS:password
ATTACHEN:BASE64
CHARSET:Windows-1251
;
;
;
;
;
;
;

[:25]

22.2 admins.txt, .

ZeRAT SMTP. Zerat.ini , SMTP,
, , DNS-
DNS:<IP- dns->. , , POP3-.
22.2. admins.txt
Host: smtpdomayn
From: admins@popdomayn ; ()
To: < >
Type:multipart/mixed
Subject:
;
charset:Windows-1251
$boun
;
Content-type: text/plain; charset=Windows-1251
%Time, %Date
.
$incl admins.zip
;
,
bat-. 22.3 IN.bat,
Windows.

ZeRAT.
472
VI.
22.3. IN.bat
if not exist C:\< admins>\*.eml
zerat.exe pop.ini
unzip.bat
:d
goto d
, , pop.ini ( 22.4).
22.4. pop.ini
EXTRACT:YES
;
POP3HOST: pop3_server_name:NNNNN
; pop-[:port]
POP3USER:admins@popdomayn
; pop3-
POP3PASS:password
; pop3-
LOCALDIR:C:\zerat\inbox
;
MESSAGES:delete
;
POP3Auth:regular
;
IN.bat unzip.bat ( 22.5). .

22.5. unzip.bat
if not exist C:\zerat\inbox\admins.zip goto d
pkzip -extr=up c:\zerat\inbox\admins.zip
copy/y admins.bat C:\zerat\txt\
del c:\zerat\inbox\ admins.zip
admins.bat
, , ,
admins.bat, ( 22.6).
22.6. admins.bat
ping <IP-> > mess.txt
out.bat
ping mess.txt,
.
out.bat, 22.7.
22.7. out.bat
if not exist mess.txt goto d ; mess.txt,
pkzip -add c:\zerat\admins.zip mess.txt ;
22.
zerat.exe admins.txt
del c:\zerat\mess.txt
del c:\zerat\admins.zip
:d
473
;
;
,
bat- . , , C:\zerat\inbox\.
,
.
,
Windows XP, .
. ,
netsh diag. , netsh diag connect iphost.
:
netsh diag connect iphost mail.company.com 25
, mail.company.com 25
. ,
:
IPHost (mail.company.com)
IPHost = mail.company.com
Port = 25
[25]
, ,
SMTP- mail.company.com.
bat-, . ,
- . ipscan.bat ( 22.8) ( ).
22.8. ipscan.bat
netsh
netsh
netsh
netsh
netsh
netsh
netsh
netsh
netsh
diag
diag
diag
diag
diag
diag
diag
diag
diag
connect
connect
connect
connect
connect
connect
connect
connect
connect
iphost
iphost
iphost
iphost
iphost
iphost
iphost
iphost
iphost
%1%
%1%
%1%
%2%
%2%
%2%
%3%
%3%
%3%
25
110
53
25
110
53
25
110
53
474
VI.
netsh diag connect iphost %4% 25

,
. C:\zerat\,
admins.bat
( 22.9).
22.9. admins.bat
ipscan 195.34.32.10 212.188.4.10 194.67.18.127 212.48.140.154 >mess.txt
out.bat
, .
mess.txt
( 22.10).
22.10. mess.txt
C:\zerat>netsh diag connect iphost 195.34.32.10
IPHost (195.34.32.10)
IPHost = 195.34.32.10
Port = 25
[]
IPHost (195.34.32.10)
IPHost = 195.34.32.10
Port = 110
[110]
IPHost (195.34.32.10)
IPHost = 195.34.32.10
Port = 53
[53]
IPHost (212.188.4.10)
IPHost = 212.188.4.10
Port = 25
[]
IPHost (212.188.4.10)
IPHost = 212.188.4.10
Port = 110
[110]
IPHost (212.188.4.10)
25
110
53
25
110
53
22.
475
IPHost = 212.188.4.10
Port = 53
[]
C:\zerat>netsh diag connect iphost 194.67.18.127 25
IPHost (194.67.18.127)
IPHost = 194.67.18.127
Port = 25
[25]
IPHost (194.67.18.127)
IPHost = 194.67.18.127
Port = 110
[110]
IPHost (194.67.18.127)
IPHost = 194.67.18.127
Port = 53
[]
IPHost (212.48.140.154)
IPHost = 212.48.140.154
Port = 25
[25]
IPHost (212.48.140.154)
IPHost = 212.48.140.154
Port = 110
[110]
IPHost (212.48.140.154)
IPHost = 212.48.140.154
Port = 53
[]
,
, . 22.1.
22.1.
IP-
POP3 (110)
SMTP
DNS
195.34.32.10
212.188.4.10
194.67.18.127
212.48.140.154
VI.
476
, , :
shutdown -r -f -m \\MyServer -t 60 -d up:125:1
60
. , , , . , ,
admins.zip admins.bat. , . inbox
. . ,
, , . C:\zerat .
. admins.bat
admins.zip.
C:\zerat\. , admins.bat 22.9.
, admins.bat ,
22.11.
22.11. admins.bat
dir c:\zerat\txt /on c:\zerat\*.bat >mess.txt
out.bat
( 22.12), ,
.
22.12. mess.txt bat-
C .
: 0936-D08A
c:\zerat\txt
09.06.2004
09.06.2004
09.06.2004
21:58
<DIR>
21:58
<DIR>
22:06
1
..
.
60 admins.bat
60
c:\zerat
09.06.2004
01.06.2004
09.06.2004
01.06.2004
22:06
60 admins.bat
09:33
32 IN.bat
20:18
410 ipscan.bat
09:05
64 OUT.bat
4
566
0 21 226 254 336
22.
477
dir
, C:\zerat\txt\ C:\zerat\. ,
, , . , ... !
,
.
Smsmail (http://www.smsmail.ru/) SMS.
,
, , ,
.

, .
:
Windows XP Professional,
;
Windows 95,
;
;
IP-.
, ,
, ,
IP- .

IP-
, , .

(, , ),
.
1. .
2. Windows.
3. Internet Information Services (IIS) .
VI.
478
4. Internet Information Services World

Wide Web Service ( WWW) .
5. WWW Remote Desktop Web
Connection (- )
OK.
6. Windows .
7. .
Internet Information
Services ( ).
8. __\\- \tsweb.
9. tsweb .
10. .
11. .
12. OK.
13. .
14. OK.
15. .
16. .

,
.
17. : ,
.
18. , (
, ).
19. , ,
.
20. () .
21. .
22. , OK.
.
23.
OK.
22.
479
, .
.
Windows 98 ,
. Windows
, .
1. , Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows NT 4.0 Windows 2000,
- Windows XP Professional.
2.
,
.
3. .

1
:
1. , .
2. , .
ping <IP- >

Windows XP , , .
IP- .
3. , , Microsoft
Internet Explorer.
4. IP- tsweb ( http://<ip- >/tsweb)
<Enter>. "-
".

, IP- .
.
5. IP- .
.
6. .
VI.
480

-
Internet Explorer 4.0 . -
, , , " ".
2

, "
" Windows 2000 Server .
1. ,
, | |
. ( , ) . ,
.
, . ( ) IP-.
2. .
3. Windows.
Windows ,
( ), OK.

( rdp).
rdp , , .
rdp-,
. ,

800 600. rdp
. rdp- .
, , Windows 9x ,
Windows XP
. .
22.
481
, ( ), . , ( ),
, . , ,
.
.
, .
.
, ().
,
.
, , .
Windows XP
. :
1. , ,
.
2.
.
3.
.
4. ,
.
, Windows XP Professional, , Windows XP Home Edition. , ,
. :
1. | |
| | .
2.

.
3. .
Windows XP .
.
482
VI.
BAT- sc start RasAuto sc stop RasAuto.

, , , Fax, sc start Fax sc stop Fax. ,
Windows XP .
.
rasdial , . rasdial,
, .

IP-
.
1. http://www.dyndns.com/.
1998 DynDNS (Dynamic Network Services, Inc., ). ( ). ! (Account)
Dinamic DNS , <_
>.homeip.net.
, .
2. https://www.dyndns.com/support/clients/ http://
www.kanasolution.com/ DynDNS Apdater -, IP- . Linux.
3. ( ).
4. , .
- .
, .

. , . WebHop,
, .
Web-, ,
.
, ,
,
. !
22.
483
Linux
, , Windows. Linux Windows, Linux Windows.

Windows Linux. . , VNC (Virtual
Network Computing
).
, -, Windows, Linux, ,
. , UltraVNC (http://sourceforge.net/projects/ultravnc) Windows Vista Windows 7,
().
Linux X11VNC. VNC, UltraVNC, Windows.
Windows Vista Linux, .
. , .

Linux , DynDNS Linux
Inadyn, http://cdn.dyndns.com/
inadyn.zip. ,
Windows, Windows-, IP .
, UltraVNC
X11VNC IP- , .
,
Hamachi, VPN-
(. 4).
, Windows Vista UltraVNC Viewer, , Mandriva Linux X11VNC DynDNS, Firewall
5900. ,
, 5900 IP- .
X11VNC x11vnc -usepw -scale 2/2 -forever
-ultrafilexfer permitfiletransfer , , Inadin /bin/linux/inadyn --input_file /etc/
VI.
484
inadyn.conf,
. .
UltraVNC Viewer (. 22.8).
. 22.8. UltraVNC Viewer
VNC Server ,
DynDNS, Connect.

X11VNC . UltraVNC-
(. 22.9).
, , , Connection Options, Display Viewer Scale: by (. 22.10).
, X11VNC
Inadyn. , ,
(Linux ). ,
(. 22.11).

, ,
! ,
.
, .
UltraVNC . -
22.
. 22.9. UltraVNC Server
. 22.10. Connection Options UltraVNC-
485
486
VI.
. 22.11. UltraVNC Server

( 2)
, , .
File Transfer ( ),
. Linux .
,
, .
, 1. (
), .
, Windows- LogMeIn (https://secure.logmein.com/).
, , .
, Linux,
Windows Linux-.
22.
487
LogMeIn
DynDNS
/ OpenVPN, Hamachi, ,
, . ,

, . , , . -,
Java. , , Windows.
Linux.

https://logmein.com/home.asp?lang=ru.
:
https://logmein.com .
, (. 22.12).
. 22.12. Mandriva Linux LogMeIn
VI.
488
(. 22.13) LogMeIn
. 22.13. Mandriva Linux LogMeIn

(. 22.14).
,
,
(. 22.15), (. 22.16).
LogMeIn
Windows.
, .
,
. OpenVPN UltraVNC,
Linux, . Linux
. .
22.
. 22.14. Mandriva Linux ,
489
490
VI.
, .
http://networkforpeople.blogspot.com/2007/10/40.html . , Teamviever (http://www.teamviewer.com/). , , 25 .

- . .
DynDNS / OpenVPN,
, .
23

. 1 (traffic),
, .
, , ,
, ... , , .
.
.
. ,
. BWMeter (http://
www.desksoft.com/BWMeter.htm).
,
, . ,
, .
- D-Link 500T
, , . , . , .
BWMeter
, :
;
IP- MAC-;
, .
492
VI.
/ ;
, ,
;

. ,
;

, , ;
;
MAC- IP- .
. , .
,
, .
.
. , , Excel.
, Excel,
.
.
.
, . , IP-, .
,
.
, .

, . . ,
, .
. 23.1 ,
,
. , , , , . ,
( Show BWMeter
tray icon), IP- (IP addresses of local network).
23.
493
. 23.1. BWMeter, Options
Filters (. 23.2).
, , .
( Stop traffic), . , MAC- , ,
(exclude) .
, .
Graphs
(. 23.3). , , , , .
, , .
Statistics (. 23.4) ,
.
Details (. 23.5) ,
. "" .
.
.
494
VI.
. 23.2. BWMeter, Filters
. 23.3. BWMeter, Graphs
23.
. 23.4. BWMeter, Statistics
. 23.5. BWMeter, Details
495
496
VI.
, , . .
, , . ,
. , ,
, .
BWMeter
http://www.grani.ru/Techno/m.77220.html.
,
.

. , Linux
FreeBSD, Windows-.
, .
. StarGazer,
http://stargazer.dp.ua/doc.php.
, , . , , , ,
. , ,
Windows Linux. .
,
.

,
.
, , Windows, Linux,
.
, ,
. ,
.
. , , ,
. ,
.

. , . , ,
, ,
. .
, . . .
, , . , .
,
.
, Windows Vista.
500
Windows
, , , ,
. ,
, ,
.
,
? , , .
.
. ,
, . ,

. ,
, , , .
, ,
.
, , ,
.
, ,
. Courier Robotics,
, Windows Vista
, .
Windows.
.
,
. , .
.
. 1.1.
( | | Windows) .
,
, | .
(. 1.2)
.
,
.
, (. 1.3),
| .
501
. 1.1. Windows
. 1.2.

. 1.3.

502
,
, .
, .
(. . 1.1). , (. 1.4).
. 1.4.
, ,
.
, . Windows, ,
.
, ,
. , ,
(. 1.5).
|
Windows ,
. , (. 1.6).
, , .
. 1.5. Windows
. 1.6.
503
504
Linux
Linux , ,
. , Linux . Linux,
, .
(. 1.7) ( Mandriva Linux, ) .
. 1.7.
efax , . efax-gtk.
,
efax-gtk. , (. 1.8).
Linux
PDF. .
,
, .
efax-gtk - , . , <F1>.
Mandriva Linux
( ).
505
. 1.8. efax-gtk
Windows
,
. ,
, .
, Windows Vista Windows
(. 1.9).
, , , .
, .
, .
,
. ,
, , . , " ".
, . ,
POP3. , .
506
. 1.9. Windows
, . ,

. , ,
.
, .
, .
,
(. 1.10). ,
,
.
(. 1.11).
. , Windows, , , ,
Windows Live Mail (. 1.12).
. 1.10. <_ _>
. 1.11. Windows
507
508
. 1.12. Windows Live Mail
, ,
.
Linux
Linux .
Linux Evolution .
Evolution
(. 1.13). , ,
Evolution, . . Evolution
, (. 1.14), .
. :
<Ctrl>+<1>
<Ctrl>+<2>
<Ctrl>+<3>
<Ctrl>+<4>
<Ctrl>+<5>
. 1.13. Evolution
. 1.14. Evolution
509
510
. 1.15. Evolution
| ,
Evolution.
(. 1.15).
. , , Mozilla Thunderbird,
http://www.mozilla-russia.org/products/
thunderbird.
,
Windows
Windows Vista, , Windows Live Mail. , , .
, Windows, Microsoft.
511
Windows Live Messenger

Windows Live Messenger (. 1.16)
Windows Live, Windows Live Mail.
. 1.16. Windows Live Messenger
. 1.17. Windows Live Messenger ( )
512
Windows Live Messenger

(. 1.17), , - ( ).
Windows Live . , Windows Live
http://ideas.live.com/.
Rambler-ICQ
Rambler-ICQ (. 1.18)
, Windows Live Messenger.
, Web , .
Windows Live Messenger, ICQ -.
http://www.rambler.ru/.
rambler.ru.
Windows Live
Messenger, ,
.
. 1.18. Rambler-ICQ
Skype
Skype (. 1.19) , . Skype , . SMS (Short-Message Service ),
. , , .
http://www.skype.com/intl/ru/helloagain.html.
, .
Web- .
..
. 1.19. Skype
513
. 1.20. QIP Infium
QIP Infium
, QIP Infium (. 1.20)
(http://qip.ru/ru/pages/qipinfium_beta_ru).
. ICQ, mail.ru, Jaber, VoIP- SIPNET (http://
www.sipnet.ru), ...
. . Skype, usb- . QIP Infium
-, .
Comilfon
, . Comilfon
514
(. 1.21) (http://www.comilfon.ru). . Skype,

.
www.comilfon.ru/ .
. 1.21. COMILFON
. 1.22. Telphin
Telphin
(. 1.22)
Telphin. Telphin COMILFON, http://www.telphin.ru/.
"" , ( ) , SIPNET.
, , -,
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, :
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http://www.pidgin.im/about.
517
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http://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/QChat?
content=65066. , , , . ,
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524
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Windows Vista Mandriva Linux. . , . ,
, .

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ITCourses/Microsoft/.
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cabling ();
CENELEC EN50173 Performance Requirements of Generic Cabling Schemes (-
).

http://www.daascom.com/computer/consultation/HardwareLAN.htm.
530
( ).
http://www.vashdom.ru/snip/30506-85/.

:
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?
.
. ,
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http://www.softportal.com/;
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.
, .
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531
, .
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.

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IEEE 802.3 Ethernet .
10BASE5
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100BASE-FX
( 100 /)
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Active Directory
"Active Directory" , , -
533
, . Active Directory DNS,

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telnet.
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, , Novell NetWare, Microsoft 95/98, Microsoft Windows for Workgroups, Microsoft LAN Manager,
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. , . 802.10T , 802.11b ,
.
Fast Ethernet
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. .
535
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.
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( RS-232C), .
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.
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NetBIOS (Network Basic Input/Output System)
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. NetBEUI , NetBIOS, . - .
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Proxy Server ,
( Internet Explorer) . , ,

. Proxy Server -
536
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ARPANET. Telecommunications
Network Protocol .
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, .
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.
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,
. , .
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537
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,
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WINS IP-.
Wi-Fi WiFi (Wireless Fidelity)
. .

, . Intel. Intel PRO/Wireless 2011 LAN Access Point , ()
. Intel PRO/Wireless
2011 LAN PC Card .
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, . , ,

.
http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/wi-fi
.

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,
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.
IPX/SPX Netware, Netware.
Ethernet ( ). IPX- ,
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HTML- (,
HTML):
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<title> , ;
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543
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<h1> ,
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:
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</body>
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, <p> </p>.
, ,
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<h1 align=center> </h1>
<p align=center> <b></b> .
<p> <i></i> .

HTML- ,
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:
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544
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545

HTML- .
, Web-, :
aqua ;
lime -;
gray ;
olive ;
navy (-);
teal -;
silver ;
purple ;
blue ;
red ;
green ;
yellow ;
maroon ;
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:
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546
<td height="14"> </td>

</tr>
<tr>
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.

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Directory .

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"" "James Smith", Microsoft.com.

(Relative Distinguished Name, RDN)
, .
RDN- "James Smith" (CN)
CN=James Smith. RDN- CN=Users.

Active Directory
. .
.
Active Directory
:
;
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550
,
Windows NT Windows 2000.
( Windows.) Active Directory
. . .
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551
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Kerberos. ,
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Active Directory Active Directory, . , , ,
, .
, . . , TCP/IP ,
Active Directory.
Windows 2000 Server, Active Directory. , Windows,
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Directory,
(, ), Active Directory
. , ,
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552

Ethernet
10BASE-T ( )
300 100 . 100- RJ-45 Telco RJ-21.

100BASE TX ( )
300 100 . RJ-45.

100- .
100BASE-FX ( )
100BASE-FX 1320 400 ( 62,5/125 ). SC.

10BASE-5 ( , -
)
1650 500 . 100 . 7,7 2,5 . (DTE)
9900 3000 . 50- N-.
10BASE-2 ( )
613,5 185 . 30
. 1,55 0,5 .

(DTE) 4620 1400 . 50- BNC.
10BASE-FL ( )
10BASE-FL 6600
2000 62,5 125 .
(DTE) 13 200 4000 .

Linux
Linux . 5.1
, . ,
h.
5.1. Linux

Arch
(1)
uname m
(2)
uname r
dmidecode q

(SMBIOS/DMI)
hdparm -i /dev/hda
hdparm -tT /dev/sda
cat /proc/cpuinfo
cat /proc/interrupts
cat /proc/meminfo
10
cat /proc/swaps
swap-()
11
cat /proc/version
12
cat /proc/net/dev
13
cat /proc/mounts
14
lspci -tv
PCI
15
lsusb -tv
USB
16
date
17
Cal 2008
2008
554
5.1 ()

18
date 081219302008.15
19
clock w
<.>
BIOS
, ,
20
shutdown -h now
(1)
21
shutdown -h hours:minutes &

( )
22
shutdown -c
23
shutdown -r now
(1)
23
reboot
(2)
25
logout
26
cd /home
/home
27
cd ..
28
cd ../..
29
cd
30
cd ~user1
31
cd -
32
pwd
33
ls
34
ls -F
35
ls -l

( , , , )
36
ls -a
37
ls *[0-9]*
38
mkdir dir1
"dir1"
39
mkdir dir1 dir2
40
mkdir -p /tmp/dir1/dir2
41
rm -f file1
"file1"
42
rmdir dir1
"dir1"
43
rm -rf dir1
"dir1"
Linux
555
5.1 ()
44
rm -rf dir1 dir2
"dir1" "dir2"

45
mv dir1 new_dir
46
cp file1 file2
47
cp dir/* .
48
cp -a /tmp/dir1 .
49
cp -a dir1 dir2
50
ln -s file1 lnk1
51
ln file1 lnk1
52
touch -t 0712250000 file1
53
file file1
54
iconv -l
55
iconv -f fromEncoding -t toEncoding

inputFile > outputFile
"inputFile"
fromEncoding toEncoding,
"outputFile"
56
find . -maxdepth 1 -name *.jpg -print

-exec convert "{}" -resize 80x60
"thumbs/{}" \;

() thumbs ( Imagemagick)
<YYMMDDhhmm>
57
find / -name file1
58
find / -user user1
,
"user1"
59
find /home/user1 -name \*.bin
bin
/home/user1
60
find /usr/bin -type f -atime +100
,
100
61
find /usr/bin -type f -mtime -10
,
10
62
find / -name \*.rpm -exec chmod 755 '{}'

\;
rpm

63
find / -xdev -name \*.rpm
rpm
.
556
5.1 ()

64
locate \*.ps
ps (
updatedb)
65
whereis halt
, , "halt"
66
which halt
"halt"
67
mount /dev/hda2 /mnt/hda2
hda2
/mnt/hda2
68
umount /dev/hda2
hda2.
mnt/hda2
69
fuser -km /mnt/hda2
70
umount -n /mnt/hda2
umount
/etc/mtab. ,
71
mount /dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy
72
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
CD DVD
73
mount /dev/hdc /mnt/cdrecorder
CD-R/CD-RW
DVD-R/DVD-RW( )
74
mount -o loop file.iso /mnt/cdrom
ISO-
75
mount -t vfat /dev/hda5 /mnt/hda5
FAT32
76
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/usbdisk
USB -
77
mount -t smbfs -o
username=user,password=pass
//WinClient/share /mnt/share
Windows
78
mount -o bind /home/user/prg

/var/ftp/user
(binding).
2.4.0. , ,
FTP.

/home/user/prg /var/ftp/user
79
df -h
80
ls -lSr | more
81
du -sh dir1
, "dir1"
82
du -sk * | sort -rn
Linux
557
5.1 ()
83
rpm -q -a --qf '%10{SIZE}t%{NAME}n' |

sort -k1,1n
,
RPM-,
( Fedora, RedHat
)
84
dpkg-query -W -f='${InstalledSize;10}t${Package}n' | sort -k1,1n
, DEB-,

( Ubuntu, Debian )
85
groupadd group_name
86
groupdel group_name
87
groupmod -n new_group_name old_group_name
88
useradd -c "Name Surname " -g admin -d

/home/user1 -s /bin/bash user1
, admin
89
useradd user1
90
userdel -r user1
(-r
)
91
usermod -c "User FTP" -g system -d

/ftp/user1 -s /bin/nologin user1
92
gpasswd a (-d)userid group-name
() .
.
93
passwd
94
passwd user1
(
)
95
chage -E 2005-12-31 user1

"user1"
96
pwck

/etc/passwd,
97
grpck

/etc/group,
98
newgrp group_name
99
ls -lh
100
ls /tmp | pr -T5 -W$COLUMNS
101
chmod ugo+rwx directory1
chmod 777 directory1
(r),
(w), (x)
(u), (g) (o)
558
5.1 ()

102
chmod go-rwx directory1
(r),
(w), (x) (g) (o)
103
chown user1 file1

"user1"
104
chown -R user1 directory1

, , "user1"
105
chgrp group1 file1
106
chown user1:group1 file1
107
find / -perm -u+s
SUID
108
chmod u+s /bin/file1
SUID ,

109
chmod u-s /bin/file1
SUID
110
chmod g+s /home/public
SGID ( )
111
chmod g-s /home/public
SGID
112
chmod o+t /home/public
STIKY

113
chmod o-t /home/public
STIKY
114
chattr +a file1
115
chattr +c file1
116
chattr +d file1
dump
backup
117
chattr +i file1
,
,
( )
118
chattr +S file1
,
, sync
119
chattr +s file1
, ,
,
,

Linux
559
5.1 ()
120
chattr +u file1
121
lsattr
122
bunzip2 file1.bz2
"file1.bz2"
123
bzip2 file1
"file1"
124
gunzip file1.gz
"file1.gz"
125
gzip file1
"file1"
126
gzip -9 file1
127
rar a file1.rar test_file
rar- "file1.rar"
128
rar a file1.rar file1 file2 dir1
"file1", "file2" "dir1"
129
rar x file1.rar
rar
130
unrar x file1.rar
rar
131
tar -cvf archive.tar file1
tarball
132
tar -cvf archive.tar file1 file2 dir1
, "file1", "file2" "dir1"
133
tar -tf archive.tar
134
tar -xvf archive.tar
tarball
135
tar -xvf archive.tar -C /tmp
tarball /tmp
136
tar -cvfj archive.tar.bz2 dir1
tarball, bzip2
137
tar -xvfj archive.tar.bz2
tar, bzip2
138
tar -cvfz archive.tar.gz dir1
tarball, gzip
139
tar -xvfz archive.tar.gz
tar gzip
140
zip file1.zip file1
, zip
141
zip -r file1.zip file1 file2 dir1
zip
142
unzip file1.zip
zip
RPM- ( )
143
rpm -ivh package.rpm
rpm
144
rpm -ivh --nodeeps package.rpm
rpm,
145
rpm -U package.rpm
rpm,
146
rpm -F package.rpm
rpm,
147
rpm -e package_name.rpm
rpm
560
5.1 ()
RPM- ( )
148
rpm -qa
rpm,
149
rpm -qa | grep httpd
rpm httpd
150
rpm -qi package_name
151
rpm -qg "System Environment/Daemons"
rpm
152
rpm -ql package_name
, rpm
153
rpm -qc package_name
, rpm
154
rpm -q package_name --whatrequires
,
rpm
155
rpm -q package_name --whatprovides
rpm
156
rpm -q package_name --scripts
, /
157
rpm -q package_name --changelog
158
rpm -qf /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
, rpm

159
rpm -qp package.rpm
,
rpm,
160
rpm --import /media/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY
161
rpm --checksig package.rpm
rpm
162
rpm -qa gpg-pubkey

rpm
163
rpm -V package_name
, , ,
, , MD5

164
rpm -Va
rpm,
.

165
rpm -Vp package.rpm
rpm,
166
rpm2cpio package.rpm | cpio --extract

--make-directories *bin*
rpm
167
rpm -ivh
/usr/src/redhat/RPMS/`arch`/package.rpm
,
rpm
168
Rpmbuild --rebuild package_name.src.rpm
rpm rpm
-l
YUM- ( )
169
yum install package_name
Linux
561
5.1 ()
YUM- ( )
170
yum localinstall package_name.rpm
171
yum update package_name.rpm
172
yum update package_name
173
yum remove package_name
174
yum list
175
yum search package_name
rpm
176
yum clean packages

rpm
177
yum clean headers
178
yum clean all
DEB- ( )
179
dpkg -i package.deb
/ deb-
180
dpkg -r package_name
deb-
181
dpkg -l
deb-,
182
dpkg -l | grep httpd
deb- "httpd"
183
dpkg -s package_name
184
dpkg -L package_name
, ,
185
dpkg --contents package.deb
, ; ,
186
dpkg -S /bin/ping
187
apt-get install package_name
188
apt-cdrom install package_name
/ CD-ROM
189
apt-get update
190
apt-get upgrade
191
apt-get remove package_name
192
apt-get check
193
apt-get clean
562
5.1 ()
DEB- ( )
194
apt-cache search searched-package
,
"searched-packages"
195
cat file1

( )
196
tac file1

(
)
197
cat file1 | command( sed, grep, awk,

grep, etc...) > result.txt
198
cat file1 | command( sed, grep, awk,

grep, etc...) >> result.txt
199
more file1
"file1"

200
less file1
"file1"
,
(-), . .
201
head -2 file1
"file1"
.

202
tail -2 file1
"file1"
.

203
tail -f /var/log/messages
"/var/log/messages"

204
grep Aug /var/log/messages
"Aug" "/var/log/messages"
205
grep ^Aug /var/log/messages
, "Aug" "/var/log/messages"
206
grep [0-9] /var/log/messages
"/var/log/messages" ,
207
grep Aug -R /var/log/*
"Aug" "/var/log"

208
sed 's/stringa1/stringa2/g' example.txt
"string1" "string2"
"example.txt"
209
sed '/^$/d' example.txt

"example.txt"
210
sed '/ *#/d; /^$/d' example.txt

"example.txt"
211
echo 'esempio' | tr '[:lower:]'

'[:upper:]'
Linux
563
5.1 ()
212
sed -e '1d' example.txt
"example.txt"
213
sed -n '/string1/p'
,
"string1"
214
sed -e 's/ *$//' example.txt
215
sed -e 's/stringa1//g' example.txt
"string1",
216
sed -n '1,5p;5q' example.txt
1- 5-
217
sed -n '5p;5q' example.txt
218
sed -e 's/00*/0/g' example.txt
219
cat -n file1
220
cat example.txt | awk 'NR%2==1'
221
echo a b c | awk '{print $1}'
. , / /
222
echo a b c | awk '{print $1,$3}'
.
, / /
223
paste file1 file2
"file1" "file2"
: 1 file1 = 1
(1 n), 1 file2 = 1
(n + 1 m)
224
paste
"file1" "file2"
"+"
225
sort file1 file2
226
sort file1 file2 | uniq
227
sort file1 file2 | uniq -u
,
(,
,
)
228
sort file1 file2 | uniq -d
229
comm -1 file1 file2
, , "file1"
230
comm -2 file1 file2
, , "file2"
231
comm -3 file1 file2
,
,
-d
'+' file1 file2
564
5.1 ()

232
dos2unix filedos.txt fileunix.txt

MS-DOS UNIX (
)
233
unix2dos fileunix.txt filedos.txt

UNIX MS-DOS (
)
234
recode ..HTML < page.txt > page.html

"page.txt" HTML- "page.html"
235
recode -l | more iconv -l | more
(LAN WiFi)
236
ifconfig eth0

"eth0"
237
ifup eth0
() "eth0"
238
ifdown eth0
() "eth0"
239
ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.1 netmask

255.255.255.0
"eth0" IP-
240
ifconfig eth0 promisc
"eth0" promiscuous "" (sniffing)
241
ifconfig eth0 -promisc
promiscuous-
"eth0"
242
dhclient eth0
"eth0" DHCP-
243
route -n
244
netstat -rn
245
route add -net 0/0 gw IP_Gateway
IP- (default
gateway)
246
route add -net 192.168.0.0 netmask

255.255.0.0 gw 192.168.1.1

192.168.0.0/16 IP-
192.168.1.1
247
route del 0/0 gw IP_gateway
IP- (default
gateway)
248
echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
(forwarding)
249
hostname
250
host www.example.com
IP- (1)
251
nslookup www.example.com
IP- (2)
252
ip link show
253
mii-tool eth0
"eth0"
254
ethtool eth0
eth0 ,

Linux
565
5.1 ()
(LAN WiFi)
255
netstat -tup
TCP UDP IP- PID' ,

256
netstat -tupl
TCP UDP
IP- PID' ,
257
tcpdump tcp port 80
TCP- 80 ( HTTP)
258
iwlist scan
259
iwconfig eth1

"eth1"
260
whois www.example.com
Whois
Microsoft (SAMBA)
261
nbtscan ip_addr
IP- NETBIOS-
262
nmblookup -A ip_addr
IP- NETBIOS-
263
smbclient -L ip_addr/hostname
Windows-
264
smbget -Rr smb://ip_addr/share
Windows-
smb
265
mount -t smbfs (cifs) -o

username=user,password=pass
//WinClient/share /mnt/share
Windows
IPTABLES (firewall)
266
iptables -t filter -L
filter-
267
iptables -t nat -L
NAT-
268
iptables -t filter -F
filter-
269
iptables -t nat -F
NAT-
270
iptables -t filter -X
271
iptables -t filter -A INPUT -p tcp

--dport telnet -j ACCEPT
Telnet
272
iptables -t filter -A OUTPUT -p tcp

--dport http -j DROP
HTTP-
273
iptables -t filter -A FORWARD -p tcp

--dport pop3 -j ACCEPT
"" (forward) POP3
274
iptables -t filter -A INPUT -j LOG

--log-prefix "DROP INPUT"
, INPUT,
"DROP INPUT"
566
5.1 ()
IPTABLES (firewall)
275
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j

MASQUERADE
NAT (Network Address Translate) eth0.

IP-
276
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -d

192.168.0.1 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -j
DNAT --to-destination 10.0.0.2:22
277
# modprobe iptable_nat # iptables -t nat

-A POSTROUTING -o eth2 -j MASQUARADE #
/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
NAT (Network Address Translate) "eth2"

(CentOS)
Novell Netware
278
# ipx_configure --auto_interface=on
auto_primary=on
# ipx_interface add
-p eth0 802.2I 777
IPX (
etc/init.d/rc (SUSE11))
279
badblocks
280
fsck
281
fsck.ext2
282
e2fsck
283
e2fsck -j /dev/hda1
/
ext3 hda1 ,

284
fsck.ext3
/dev/hda1
/
ext3 hda1
285
fsck.vfat
/dev/hda1
/
FAT hda1
286
fsck.msdos
287
dosfsck
-v
/dev/hda1
/dev/hda1
/dev/hda1
/dev/hda1
/dev/hda1
/dev/hda1
hda1 bad-
/ Linux hda1
/
ext2 hda1
/
ext3 hda1
/
FAT hda1
/
FAT hda1
288
mkfs /dev/hda1
Linux-
hda1
289
mke2fs /dev/hda1
ext2 hda1
290
mke2fs -j /dev/hda1

ext3 hda1
Linux
567
5.1 ()
291
mkfs -t vfat 32 -F /dev/hda1
FAT32
hda1
292
fdformat
293
mkswap /dev/hda3
swap- hda3
294
swapon /dev/hda3
swap-, hda3
295
swapon /dev/hda2 /dev/hdb3
swap-, hda2 hdb3
-n /dev/fd0
296
dump -0aj -f /tmp/home0.bak /home

/home /tmp/home0.bak
297
dump -1aj -f /tmp/home0.bak /home

/home /tmp/home0.bak
298
restore -if /tmp/home0.bak

/tmp/home0.bak
299
rsync -rogpav --delete /home /tmp
/home /tmp
300
rsync -rogpav -e ssh --delete /home

ip_address:/tmp
SSH-
301
rsync -az -e ssh --delete

ip_addr:/home/public /home/local
ssh
302
rsync -az -e ssh --delete /home/local

ip_addr:/home/public

ssh
303
dd bs=1M if=/dev/hda | gzip | ssh

user@ip_addr 'dd of=hda.gz'

ssh
304
dd if=/dev/sda of=/tmp/file1
305
tar -Puf backup.tar /home/user

/home/user backup.tar
306
( cd /tmp/local/ && tar c . ) | ssh -C

user@ip_addr 'cd /home/share/ && tar x
-p'
/tmp/local ssh- /home/share/
307
( tar c /home ) | ssh -C user@ip_addr 'cd

/home/backup-home && tar x -p'
/home
ssh- /home/backuphome
308
tar cf - . | (cd /tmp/backup ; tar xf - )
309
find /home/user1 -name '*.txt' | xargs cp

-av --target-directory=/home/backup/
--parents
/home/user1 txt
310
find /var/log -name '*.log' | tar cv

--files-from=- | bzip2 > log.tar.bz2
/var/log log
bzip-
568
5.1 ()

311
dd if=/dev/hda of=/dev/fd0 bs=512 count=1
MBR
(Master Boot Record) /dev/hda
312
dd if=/dev/fd0 of=/dev/hda bs=512 count=1
MBR
,
CD-ROM, DVD-ROM
313
cdrecord -v gracetime=2 dev=/dev/cdrom

-eject blank=fast -force
CD-ROM
314
mkisofs /dev/cdrom > cd.iso
ISO- "cd.iso"
315
mkisofs /dev/cdrom | gzip > cd_iso.gz
ISO-
"cd_iso.gz"
316
mkisofs -J -allow-leading-dots -R -V
"Label CD" -iso-level 4 -o ./cd.iso
data_cd
ISO-
317
cdrecord -v dev=/dev/cdrom cd.iso
ISO-
318
gzip -dc cd_iso.gz | cdrecord

dev=/dev/cdrom -
ISO-
319
mount -o loop cd.iso /mnt/iso
ISO-
320
cd-paranoia -B
WAV-
321
cd-paranoia -- "-3"

WAV-
322
cdrecord --scanbus
CD-
SCSI
323
dd if=/dev/hdc | md5sum
md5sum
324
top
, ( )
325
ps -eafw
, ()
326
ps -e -o pid,args --forest
PID'
327
Pstree
328
kill -9 98989
PID 98989
329
kill -KILL 98989
PID 98989
330
kill -TERM 98989
PID 98989
331
kill -1 98989
PID 98989

Linux
569
5.1 ()
332
kill -HUP 98989
PID 98989

333
pstree
334
lsof -p $$
335
lsof /home/user1

/home/user1
336
strace -c ls >/dev/null
,
ls
337
strace -f -e open ls >/dev/null
338
watch -n1 'cat /proc/interrupts'
339
last reboot
340
last user1

"user1"
341
lsmod
342
free -m
343
smartctl -A /dev/hda
/dev/hda
SMART
344
smartctl -i /dev/hda
SMART /dev/hda
345
tail /var/log/dmesg
346
tail /var/log/messages
347
apropos ...keyword
,
. ,
, ,
348
man ping
,
ping
349
whatis ...keyword
350
mkbootdisk --device /dev/fd0 'uname r'
351
gpg -c file1
"file1" GNU Privacy

Guard
352
gpg file1.gpg
"file1" GNU Privacy

Guard
353
wget -r www.example.com

www.example.com
570
5.1 ()

354
wget -c www.example.com/file.iso
355
echo 'wget -c www.example.com/files.iso'

| at 09:00
356
ldd /usr/bin/ssh
,
ssh
357
alias hh='history'
() hh-
history
358
chsh
( shell)
359
chsh --list-shells
360
who -a
,
.
361
startx
(xserver)
362
Pidof <_>
(PID)
#
100BASE TX 552
100BASE-FX 532, 552
100BASE-T 532
10BASE2 532
10BASE-2 552
10BASE5 532
10BASE-5 552
10BASE-FL 532, 552
10BASE-T 532, 552
802.11b 59, 60
802.11g 59, 60, 63
Broadcast Storm 534

Browser Appliance 308, 310, 311
BWMeter 491
C
Comilfon 513
ConquerCam 518, 520
Courier Mail Server 402, 404
CourierMS 469
CSMA/CD 19
D
A
Acronis True Image 220
Active Directory 211, 428434, 438, 441,
443446, 448, 532
Active Directory (AD) 212, 336, 376, 427, 547
444
428
ADSL 41, 397
ADSL- 41, 62, 98, 104, 360
AES 60
Analogx Simple Server 357
AUI 533
Auto-sensing 10/100 Mbps 533
B
Backup 225
Bluetooth 70
BNS 533
Bridge 533
Bridge/Router 533
Broadcast 533
Broadcast Domain 533
DES 60
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
96, 359, 534
DHCP- 359, 360, 362, 364367, 370,
376, 380, 381
Directory 546
Directory service 547
DMZ 110
DNS 41, 47, 93, 534
dnsmgmt 378, 379
DNS- 102, 105, 106, 118, 360, 361, 363,
375377, 379381, 431
DOS 16, 18
DOS NDIS 534
DOS ODI 534
Driver 538
DynDNS Apdater 482
E
Ekiga 515
Ethernet 18, 19, 42, 44, 47, 534
Ethernet- 541
572
Evolution 508510
ext3 210
F
Fast Ethernet 534
FAT12 288
FAT16 288
FAT32 210, 288, 429
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Service 346, 534
Firestarter 128, 140
Firewall 130
FOIRL 532
G
Gaim 516
H
Hamachi 167
HTA 456
HTML 535
HTML- 542
Hub 535, 539
I
ICMP 166
ICQ 512, 513, 516
IDS 61
IKE 61
Interface 535
Internet Information Services (IIS) 346, 353
IPv4 19
IPv6 19
IPX/SPX 540
IP- 19, 3033, 47, 77, 99, 101, 102, 104
106, 117
477
482
IP- 402, 408, 409, 421
ISDN 535
L
LAN 535
LINKLOCAL 95, 96, 535
Linux 4244, 49, 51, 5357, 8992,
210214, 487490
289
Linux Mint 70
LMHOSTS 373, 375
LogMeIn 486, 487
LogMeIn Hamachi 167
LPT- 16
M
MAC 535
MAC- 535, 541
Media- 382
Mirrored Arrays 336
N
NAT 170
NDIS 535
NeoRouter 169
NeoRouter Configuration Explorer 170
NetBEUI 535, 540
NetBIOS 375, 535
NetBIOS- 370, 375
NetBIOS- 429
NTFS 210, 287290
429
NTFS5 252, 287
O
OpenVPN 164166
165
165
Oracle VirtualBox 325
Organizational Unit (OU) 438
P
Partition Magic 253
PCMCI- 15
Pidgin 516
POP3 402, 403
POP3- 402, 403, 412
POP3- 397, 402, 404, 409, 412, 419, 421
PowerChute Pluss 237
PrimalScript 453
Proxy Server 535
Q
Q_Chat 517
QIP Infium 513
R
RAID 336
Rambler-ICQ 512
Rasdial 119, 120
RDN 549
Remote Storage 225
Rootkit 139
S
SIP 515
SIPNET 513, 514
Skype 512
Linux 515
Windows 512
SMS 512
SMTP 402, 403, 409, 410, 421, 422
SMTP- 402, 411
SMTP- 420
SMTP- 397, 402, 404, 405, 407, 409, 411,
412, 418422
SPI 61
Splitter 161
StarGazer 496
SUN VirtualBox 325
Switch 27, 538
System Restore 225
T
TCP/IP 19, 95, 96, 532, 536, 540
79
Teamviever 490
Telnet 188, 536
Telphin 514
Throughput 536
TKIP 60
U
URL 61
USB 59, 61, 63, 66, 67
UTP 536
573
V
VideoLAN 524
Virtual Appliances 308
Virtual Server Migration Toolkit (VSMT) 295
VLC Media Player 386, 524
VMware Player 294, 302, 303, 306, 307, 309, 310
VMware Server 302, 307, 309311, 313
VMware Server Console 316, 319323
VMware Workstation 29
VPN 60, 164166
VRDP 327
W
WAN 536
WebHop 482
Web- 398
Web- 384, 518, 521
Web- 353, 376, 377
353
Web- 358, 542
383
WEP (Wireless Encryption Protocol) 60
Wi-Fi 58, 59, 537
Windows 27
Windows 2000 Server 353
Windows 7 27
Windows Live Mail 506
Windows Live Messenger 511, 512
Windows Media 9 Series 382, 383, 518
Windows Vista 27, 36, 37, 48, 49, 51, 55, 57
Windows XP 27, 29, 30, 33, 35, 210
WINIPCFG 96
WINS 537
WINS- 370
Wireless 6769
X
XML 211
Z
ZeRAT 469, 470
574

IP- 96
541
541
59
220
236
537
59
D-Link DWL-G122 USB 59, 63
35, 130
Windows 131
Windows Comodo 137
536
:
Oracle VirtualBox 325
SUN VirtualBox 325
29, 309, 310, 312,
316, 323, 324, 333
149, 537
446, 447
187
187
110
549
550
80, 550
376
533
89
86, 538
211
336
81
Linux 81
21
538
() 236,
239241, 260
19
15
546
Microsoft 38, 40
538
Windows Media 9 Series 520
:
hostname 184
ipconfig 184
nbtstat 184
netstat 183, 184
netsh diag connect iphost 473
pathping 185
ping 35, 36, 184
put 352
Rasdial 119
route 180, 184
runas 447
shutdown 476
tracert 183, 185
xcopy 452
27, 36, 538
110
78
539
RJ-45 26
263
548
:
82, 427, 428
79
538, 539
550
() 18
435
Windows 38
60, 63, 64, 66, 99, 104, 106,

110, 539
DI-824VUP+ 60, 61
175
180
20, 21
21
:
377
77
361363
58, 98, 104, 106, 110114, 120, 126,
128, 539
D-Link DFM-562E 58, 59
58
125
211
533
/ 533
549
536
- 16
:
48, 49, 51, 52, 91, 92
86
548
539
78
():
Windows 98 17
284
247
541
250
438
549
540
19
435
435, 436
575
36
27
119
479
263
435
435
540
540
540
:
ZeRAT 469, 470
402
394, 402
CourierMS 469, 470
Windows Server 2003 469
86
- 66
:
Acronis True Image 220
AnVir Task Manager 145
Avast! 143
Backup 225
Clam AntiVirus 143
Comodo Firewall Pro 137
Firestarter 128
Hamachi 167
HiperTerminal 159
Lap2Desk 16, 17
NeoRouter 169
NeoRouter Configuration Explorer 170
OpenVPN 163, 164
Remote Storage 225
ServerOK 160
System Restore 225
VMware Workstation 29
536
536
548
540
NetBEUI 79
39
4 40
441, 443
80, 82
80
284
26
576
21
364, 365
220
429
139
540
96, 247, 539, 540
DHCP 359
DNS 375
media 382
Web 353
WINS 370
465
337
394
541
335
402
541
541
30, 38
:
541
541
175
89
443
:
537
536
538
539
451
547
:
Linux 210
MS-DOS 198
437
161
499
:
374
373
451, 453, 456, 460
58
491
149, 551
549
Firestarter 140
433, 437, 440, 443
446
443
AD 437
130
Mandriva Linux 135
287
NTFS5 252
500
- 15
HTA 456
539
533
98, 99, 106, 107, 118
98
500
505

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02429 24.07.00. 30.11.10.

Samba Linux ............................................................................................... 82

II. .................................................. 147

IV. .......................................................................... 245

10. ................................................................. 287

Linux ..................................................................... 289

11. ........................................... 293

12. .............................................................. 335

13. FTP-......................................................................... 346

14. Web- ........................................................................ 353

15. DHCP- ..................................................................... 359

16. WINS-...................................................................... 370

17. DNS- ........................................................................ 375

18. media- ...................................................................... 382

19. .............................................................. 394

VI. .......................... 449

22. ................ 465

23. ............................................................................. 491

5. Linux .................................... 553

, Windows 98, Windows (

192.168.0/24 192.168.0.x 254 , 192.168.0/25 127 ,

128*1 + 64*1 + 32*0 + 16*0 + 8*0 + 4*0 + 2*0 + 1*0

Windows 2003 Windows XP. .

10. IP-, , LocalConn15 (. 1.7),

11. IP-, (. . 1.6) IP- IP- . 192.168.1.101.

13. . , , IP- . IP-

. 1.9. Ap15 Ap15

. 1.17. Local Area

ADSL Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line .

. 1.22. Linux, (Ethernet)

. 1.23. Linux, (Ethernet IP)

. 1.24. Mandriva Linux

. 1.25. Mandriva Linux

Linux ASP Linux

. 1.26. ASPLinux 11.2 ()

. 1.36. Windows: 192.168.1.125 (

. 1.37. Mandriva Linux 2008.0

4. Mandriva Linux 2008.0

Linux. (. 1.42) Linux,

. 1.39. Mandriva Linux 2008.0, Samba

. 1.41. Mandriva Linux 2008.0,

-, DFM-562E 14,4 /. V.42bis MNP 2-4

. 1.43. D-Link DFM-562E

. 1.49. DI-824VUP+ . LAN Settings

. 1.52. DI-824VUP+. Wireless Settings

bluetooth, bluetooth, . . bluetooth

. 2.2. Samba Samba

. 2.5. Samba Samba

. 2.8. Mandriva Linux 2008 Samba

Mandriva Linux 2008

, Linux, , Windows Vista.

. 2.13. Mandriva Linux

. 2.16. Mandriva Linux

3.x Netscape Navigator 3.x ;

Windows Vista Linux

. 2.24. Mandriva Linux

. 2.25. Network settings

. 2.26. ADSL Router, Setup DHCP Configuration

Enable DHCP Server

Primary DNS IP- DNS-, -

. 2.27. ADSL Router, Setup DNS Configuration

1281 + 641 + 320 + 160 + 80 + 40 + 20 + 10