APPENDIK

A. DEFINITIONS
1. Appendix is: Organ little extras that resemble fingers, attached to the cecum just
below the ileocecal valve (Brunner and Sudarth, 2002 case 1097)
2. Appendicitis is: an inflammation of the appendix in the form of worms, which is
located near the ileocecal valve (long, Barbara C., 1996 case 228)

B. PHYSIOLOGY
Appendix produce mucus 1-2 ml per day. Mucus is usually shed into the
lumen and then flows into the cecum. Barriers to the flow of mucus in the mouth of
the appendix seems to play a role in the pathogenesis of appendicitis.
Immunoglobulin sekretoar produced by GALT (Gut Associated Lymfoid
Tissue) found along the gastrointestinal tract, including appendices.
Immunoglobulin was very effective as a protective barrier against infection.
However, removal of the appendix does not affect the immune system as the
number of network nodes so small here compared to the number of canals tract and
throughout the body.

C. Etiology
Appendicitis no definite or specific cause but there predi posision factor is:
a. The common factor is obstruction of the lumen. In general, the obstruction is
due:
1. Hyperplasia of lymphoid follicles, is the most common cause
2. There faekolit in the lumen of the appendik
3. foreign objects such as seeds - grains
4. More men than women. The most at the age of 15-30 years (young adult). This is
due to the increase of lymphoid tissue at the time.
b. Depending on the shape of the appendik:
1. Appendik is too long
2. Protrusion of lymphoid tissue in the lumen of the appendix

3. Abnormalities of the valve at the base of the appendix

D. Pathophysiology
appendix inflamed and had edema as a result of bent or clogged likely by fekolit
or foreign objects.
Inflammatory Process intaraluminal pressure increases, causing severe
pain or spread progressively, within a few hours is localized in the lower right
quadrant of the abdomen. Finally, pus filled inflamed appendix

E. TEST DIAGNOSTIC
To establish the diagnosis of appendicitis is based on history coupled with laboratory
tests and other investigations.
A. Symptoms appendix confirmed by history, there are 4 important things
are:
1. At the beginning of epigastric pain (visceral pain) that some time later spread to
the right lower abdomen
2. Vomiting due to visceral pain
3. Heat (due to the bacteria that live in the intestinal wall)
4. Other symptoms of weakness and lack of appetite, the patient looked ill, avoid
movement abdominal pain

REFERENCE

Dona P. Ignatavicus, Medical surgical Nursing A Nursing Aproach , edisi I;

1991
Marlyn E. Doenges, Nursing care Plans, F. A. Davis Company,
Philadelphia;1989.
M.A. Henderson, Ilmu Bedah Untuk Perawat, Penerbit Yayasan
essentia media,1989.