Daniella Hill

Integumentary System Lab Report

Introduction:
This lab report will cover over the Histology of the Integumentary system (see
figure 1) which is shown from a microscopic view and points out ten structures that are
visible. There is a lot going on in the structure. In the figures you will see the stratum
basale, basement membrane, dermal papilla, dermis, hair follicle, sebaceous glands,
adipose tissue, hair root, hair bulb and the region of cell division.
Homeostasis of the skin thermoregulation will also be covered into this report
throughout thermoregulation (see figure 2). This will show you how much sweat is
regulated on specific body parts. Transepidermal water vapor loss was recognised by
the ancient Greeks, but not understood. Separate and independent water losses can
occur through the activation of sweat glands when exposed to thermal psychogenic and
exercise stresses. Sweat glands were discovered in 1833 by the Czech physologist
Johannes Purkinje. Skin temperature recovery data is another topic that will be covered
in this research (see figure3). Skin plays a key role in the homeostatic mechanism that
regulates temperature. When body heat rises above normal, nervous system stimulates
eccrine sweat glands onto surface of skin. When it drops below setpoint, brain triggers
different responses in skin structure. When that happens muscles in walls of dermal
blood vessels are stimulated to contract.
Sensory reception of skin is also included in this lab report with a two point
discrimination lab (see figure 4). Sensory receptors in the skin provide information to the
brain about the size and shape of the object held in the hand. Our human sense of
touch is most highly developed in the hand where it serves a conjunctive function when
experiencing objects in the world. The tactile sense is one of the several submodalities
of the somatosensory system. The homunculus drawing (see figure 5) is also included.
A homunculus is a drawing of the data we collected from several body parts. We took
data for both left and right sides of the body then too the reciprocals of each one and
then converted them onto the figure you will see.
The last thing covered in this lab report is the case study infographic over
melanoma (see figure 6). In the case study Judy is a fair skin toned red headed girl who
had been laying out in the sun trying to tan with her friend Mariah who is already tan
and has dark hair. In the case study you will be able to see the four stages of
melanoma, ABCDE of cancer, and cancer cell process.

Figure 1. Histology of the Integumentary system. Ten labels which can be seen in the
microscopic picture above. In the picture you can see the dermis which is the bottom
layer of skin. Basement membrane which is there to anchor down the epithelium to its
loose connective tissue. A couple of other labels are also listed. Photo by Author

Figure 2. Eccrine Sweat Gland Density. This is a lab over the sweat gland in the
forearm (ventral) hand (palmar) neck (cervical ventral) and the finger (distal phalanges).
The bar graph shows that the individual data for the forearm has 420 sweat glands cm
squared while the class average has 260.3 cm squared. For the hand the individual
data is 258 cm squared while the class average is 213 cm squared. Neck has a
recorded data of 692 cm squared and finger has 212 cm squared, neither neck nor
finger had data for class average. Photo by Author

Figure 3. Skin temperature recovery data. The three graphs show data for the palm,
forearm and neck. The line graphs provide data for the baseline temperature, recovery
after ice (coldest point) and recovery after ice (2 minutes). There is both individual and
class data shown. The data is taken in degrees celsius. To calculate the coldest point
the individual puts ice onto body part on which the data states for thirty seconds then he
or she is to calculate the coldest temperature in celsius and then after two minutes
records the last piece of data for the lab. Photo by Author

Figure 4. Two point discrimination data. In this lab the individual was to collect data for
numerous body parts then record the three highest and lowest numbers to be placed
into a bar graph like the one shown above. Photo by Author

Figure 5. Homunculus drawing. The homunculus drawing is based off of the two point
discrimination lab that was done. You took the reciprocal of both right and left side then
multiplied by ten and that number is the number of boxes you mark in. As you can tell
most parts are much larger than others this mean that they are more sensitive whereas
smaller parts mean it is less sensitive. Photo by Author

Figure 6. Case study infographic. This case study is over melanoma or skin cancer. It
shows that people with fair skin are more likely to develop skin cancer than naturally tan
people. It also shows the four stages of melanoma and the early warning signs of
cancer with ABCDE. Photo by Author
Citations:
Shier, D., Butler, J., & Lewis, R. (2010). Hole's human anatomy & physiology. Dubuque:
McGraw-Hill.
=, B. (n.d.). Medical applications of infrared thermography: A review. Retrieved October
19, 2016, from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350449512000308
THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM. (n.d.). Retrieved October 19, 2016, from
http://depts.gpc.edu/~decms/ibim/integument.htm