Blood Flow & Pressure

Arteries and Veins

Tunica externa

Tunica Intima
Tunica media

Innermost layer

Includes
endothelium
elastic connective tissue

Tunica intima

Walls have 3 layers

Vascular smooth muscle

Capillary beds

Veins

More numerous

Larger diameter

Closer to surface

Thinner walls

Convergent flow

Angiogenesis

Valves

Systemic circulation pressures

pulsatile

Sphygmomanometry

hypertension
hypotension

steady

Sinusoids
Gaps between adjacent endothelial cells,
basal lamina thinner or absent

Permit free exchange:

of water and large plasma proteins

between blood and interstitial fluid

Found in

Liver
Bone marrow
Spleen

Forces Across Capillary Walls

Figure 21-12

Why is it important?

Regulates
Concentration of body fluids
Acid-base balance
Electrolyte concentrations
Blood volume control
Arterial End water moves OUT by filtration

At arterial end water moves OUT by filtration

Why is it important?

Regulates
Concentration of body fluids
Acid-base balance
Electrolyte concentrations
Blood volume control
Venous End water moves IN by reabsorption

At venous end water moves IN by reabsorption

Edema

Edema
Can result from either EXCESS
or

INADEQUATE reaborption

filtration

and

Ascites