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Procedures
General start-up procedures
1.
a)
b)
2.
3.
1. Ensure that all the equilibrium and calibration data were obtained (Appendix D).
2. The general start-up procedures were performed.
3. The pumps P1 and P2 were switched on and flowrate of toluene was controlled at
2L/h and flowrate of feed solution at 5L/h using valve V1 and V2 respectively.
4. Both liquids were allowed to flow into the collection vessels B3 and B4
respectively. The bottom product contains the water rich phase (raffinate) while
the top product contains the toluene rich phase (extract).
5. Let the experiment was run for a while to attain steady state.
6. The valve V6 was opened to collect a 10 mL sample of raffinate and valve V4
was opened to collect a 10 mL sample of extract.
**Note: Take samples at suitable intervals and measure their refractive indices.
When the readings are consistent over time, steady state has been reached.
7. The refractive index of both samples at steady state was recorded and the
calibration curves (Appendix D) was used to determine the acetone (solute)
composition in each phase.
8. All data in the sample table in Appendix A were recorded.
9. The steps 4 to 8 were repeated by using different ratio of solvent to feed flow
rates. Same feed composition was fixed throughout the whole experiment.
**Note: Recommended flow rate for Pump 1, P1 and Pump 2, P2 are from 1 L/h
to 8 L/h for both pumps.