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SizingDucts

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SizingDucts
TheductworkofventilationsystemsareoftensizedwitheithertheVelocity,theConstantPressureLoss(orEqualFrictionLoss)ortheStaticPressureRecoveryMethods
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Sizingofductworksinventilationsystemscanbedonebythe
VelocityMethod
ConstantPressureLossMethod(orEqualFrictionMethod)
StaticPressureRecoveryMethod

TheVelocityMethod
Properairflowvelocitiesfortheapplicationconsideringtheenvironmentareselected.Sizesofductsarethengivenbythecontinuityequationlike:
A=q/v(1)
where
A=ductcrosssectionalarea(m2)
q=airflowrate(m3/s)
v=airspeed(m/s)
AlternativelyinImperialunits
Ai=144qi/vi(1b)
where
A=ductcrosssectionalarea(sq.in.)
q=airflowrate(cfm)
v=airspeed(fpm)
Apropervelocitydependsonapplicationandenvironment.Thetablebelowindicatecommonlyusedvelocities:

TypeofDuct

ComfortSystems

IndustrialSystems

HighSpeedSystems

m/s

ftm

m/s

ftm

m/s

ftm

Mainducts

47

7801380

812

15752360

1018

16703540

Mainbranchducts

35

590985

58

9851575

612

11802360

Branchducts

13

200590

35

590985

58

9851575

Beawarethathighvelocitiesclosetooutletsandinletsmaygenerateunacceptablenoise.

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AirDuctFlowApp
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TheConstantPressureLossMethod(orEqualFrictionLossMethod)
Aproperspeedisselectedinthemainductclosetothefan.Thepressurelossinthemainductarethenusedasatemplatefortherestofthesystem.Thepressure(orfriction)lossiskeptataconstantlevelthroughoutthesystem.Themethodgivesan
automaticvelocityreductionthroughoutthesystem.Themethodmayaddmoreductcrosssectionalchangesandcanincreasethenumberofcomponentsinthesystemcomparedtoothermethods.

TheStaticPressureRecoveryMethod
Withthestaticpressurerecoverymethodthesecondaryandbranchductsareselectedtoachievemoreorlessthesamestaticpressureinfrontofalloutletsorinlets.Themajoradvantageofthemethodaremorecommonconditionsforoutletsandinlets.
Unfortunatethemethodiscomplicatedtouseandthereforeseldomused.

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VentilationSystemsforventilationandairhandlingairchangerates,ductsandpressuredrops,chartsanddiagramsandmore
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