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points you want to draw attention to. Second, they should be aids--don't rely
on the slides to make the presentation for you. Your speech should have
away from you, the speaker, and what you are saying.
Time your presentation to fit the information. If there is a time limit, be sure
you stick to it including time for questions, if that is planned. It is better to
pare down the material rather than to rush through it more quickly. Time
your visuals to coincide with your speech. Avoid unnecessary or redundant
6. Rehearse alone.
Read your speech and watch your presentation dozens of times. This needs to
be so familiar to you that you know what slide is next; what youre going to say
about each one, how you will segue between slides this must be second nature
to you. When you begin to get completely bored with doing this and you know
it by rote, then youre ready for the next step.
7. Do a dress rehearsal.
Enlist some people that you trust to give honest opinions. These should be
people that are reasonably representative of your expected audience. Give them
the whole presentation. Have them make notes during the rehearsal where are
you confusing; what is particularly good? Have them also concentrate on you:
Are you moving around too much or not. You dont want to appear "hyper" but
you also dont want to come across as a monotone statue.
8. Tweak the presentation.
Take what you learned in the dress rehearsal and make modifications. Try to put
yourself in the audience when you do this. What will they hear when the slides
are on the screen?
The steps when you are on the stage:
1. Prepare yourself.
Now, its time to think about you. Unless you do this for a living, youre going
to be nervous. Do some visual imagery of yourself in front of the crowd; doing
a perfect job; getting applause, oohs and aahs. Find a quiet spot, close your
eyes, and go over the presentation, imagine yourself being completely in
control without any stumbling. This is a very, very important step. Professional
athletes use this virtually every time before they go out to perform. Its a proven
technique. Use it. You should also be doing this immediately before you go on
stage.
2. Smile and make eye contact with your audience
This sounds very easy, but a surprisingly large number of presenters fail to do
it. If you smile and make eye contact, you are building rapport, which helps the
audience to connect with you and your subject. It also helps you to feel less
nervous. Make sure that you share eye contact with all members of a small
audience and all areas of a large audience. Regularly shift your focus around the
room, not so that you look nervous, but to help involve as many people as
possible in your talk.
3. Use your Voice Effectively
Make sure that your voice is loud enough for your audience to hear clearly.
Speaking too loudly or too quietly can make it difficult for your audience to
follow your presentation. The spoken word is actually a pretty inefficient means
of communication, because it uses only one of your audiences five senses.
Thats why presenters tend to use visual aids, too. But you can help to make the
spoken word better by using your voice effectively.
Varying the speed at which you talk, and emphasising changes in pitch and tone
all help to make your voice more interesting and hold your audiences attention.
lives. They won't likely take action just because you tell them to do so. You
need to connect with them emotionally and inspire them to change behavior.
Stories do more for emotional connection than any other speech technique. The
more personal and authentic, the more powerful the response you'll receive.
Learn how to construct stories that excite, motivate and compel people to
action. Most importantly, make sure your stories have humor to give them
moments to make memorable.
8. Give an entertaining performance
Not every presenter has to be an actor or comedian, but no one wants to listen
to someone drone on in dull monotone. There are powerful dynamics in
movement and vocal inflections that will help your listeners feel your passion
and energy. Give them an awesome experience. Take the time to create a script
and memorize it so you own the material. You don't have to know it word for
word but you should be able to clearly articulate the key points without your
notes.
9. Question and Answer (Q&A)
Question and answer sessions are important elements of any presentation. Q&A
is important way to clarify key points and be certain that your audience
received your message. How to do a Q&A session is worthy of an article in
itself but there are a few things you should consider.
audience participation.
When you get a question, first repeat the question to the audience so
everyone can hear it, then proceed to answer.
awkward questions.
Avoid common pitfalls by responding to questions positively and
enthusiastically whilst keeping your answers brief and focused. Above
all, dont be afraid to admit what you dont know: it is better to admit
the limits of your knowledge than attempt an uninformed answer.
References :
1. http://www.skillsyouneed.com/present/what-is-a-presentation.html
2. http://www.wikihow.com/Deliver-Effective-Presentations
3. http://www.inc.com/kevin-daum/5-tips-for-giving-really-amazingpresentations.html
4. http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2013/02/22/the-three-basic-secretsof-all-successful-presentations/#361946a22138
5. http://www2.le.ac.uk/offices/ld/resources/presentations/delivering-presentatio
6. http://www.skillsyouneed.com/present/presentation-tips.html
7. https://scele.ui.ac.id/berkas_kolaborasi/konten/mpktb/1617gsl/024.pdf
8. English for academic purposes chapter:speaking page 184