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Selection of site for any building is a very important and experts job and should be done

very very carefully by an experienced engineer. The requirements of site for buildings with
different occupancies are different. So all the buildings proposed for different purposes have
different requirements and thus different considerations for their site selection.

Site Selection for Residential Buildings


Following are some of the important factors which should be considered while selecting site
for any residence.
1.

The site should be in fully developed area or in the area which has potential of
development.

2.

The site should command a good view of landscape such a hill, river, lake, etc.

3.

There should be good transport facilities such as railway, bus service, for going to
office, college, market, etc.

4.

Civic services such as water supply, drainage sewers, electric lines, telephone lines,
etc. should be very near to the selected site so as to obtain their services with no extra cost.

5.

Soil at site should not be of made up type as far as possible. The buildings
constructed over such soils normally undergo differential settlement and sometimes become
the cause of collapse. Cracks in buildings in such conditions, are quite common

6.

The selected site should be large enough; both to ensure the building abundant light
and air to prevent any over dominance by the neighbouring buildings.

7.

The ground water table at the site should not be very high.

8.

Nearness of schools, hospitals, market, etc. are considered good for residential site
but these facilities do not carry any significance in the selection site for other public
buildings.

9.

Good foundation soil should be available at responsible depth. This aspect saves
quite a bit in the cost of the building.

10.

Residential house site should be located away from the busy commercial roads.

11.

Residential site should not be located near workshops, factories, because such
locations are subjected to continuous noise.

12.

Orientation of the site also has some bearing on its selection. Site should be such in
our country that early morning sun and late evening sun is accepted in the building in
summer and maximum sun light is available in most of winter.

Site Selection and Analysis


Choosing a site on which to locate a new home is not a simple task. Countless
factors natural, man-made, social and economic must be examined. Where we
choose to build and how we build on a site have an impact on the local and global
environments, ongoing costs (utility bills, maintenance) and our physical and
psychological well-being. With todays rapid growth, dwindling resources and
increasing pollution threats, concern for human and environmental health are
causing us to take a closer look at our building practices, starting with the building
site. Whether selecting a site or working with an existing site, and whether the site
is urban, suburban or rural, there are many aspects that can be examined with
respect to how green, that is how healthy for people and the planet, the home on
that site can potentially be.

Location, Location, Location

Selecting a building site close to work, schools, shopping, etc. will minimize travel
distances and time. Short distances, sidewalks, bike paths and bus stops will allow
for healthier modes of transportation and the avoidance of excessive costly,
polluting automobile trips. A lot in an established neighborhood located close to
town is a particularly good choice for many people. This land has already been
dedicated to residential development, so more natural land does not have to be
destroyed and the costly roads and utilities are already in place.

Avoiding environmentally sensitive areas helps protect some of the features that
makes many areas so special our creeks, lakes, aquifer, tree-covered hills, wildlife,
native wildflowers & plants. Flat to moderately sloped sites are preferable to
steeply sloped lots, as soil erosion, loss of hillside vegetation and damage to
waterways are more difficult to avoid when building on steep slopes.

Site Repair is a special approach to selection of a building site that can have
economic and aesthetic benefits for the prospective homeowner while restoring the
local environment rather than burdening it. This involves choosing a site that has

been abused (stripped of vegetation, eroded, invaded by exotic (non-native)


vegetation, etc.) for the location of the home. Placement of the new home on the
scarred area often leaves the more beautiful areas to be looked out upon and
enjoyed.

Design For The Climate, Flora, Fauna & Soils

The chosen building site can greatly affect the comfort and energy efficiency of the
home built upon it. A south-facing slope or good southern exposure on a lot which
allows for the long sides of the building to face north and south will facilitate the
utilization of our prevailing summer breezes and desirable winter solar heat gain. A
hot, bare site will require a greater investment in wide overhangs, shading devices
such as awnings or trellises, and shade trees to keep utility bills down and comfort
levels up.

Examination of a particular sites unique characteristics is important. The top of a


hill may be too windy, drying and exposed to the hot sun. A valley may be too
damp, windless, foggy or subject to flooding. Location and type of trees should be
evaluated for summer shading assistance, summer breeze channeling or blocking,
winter wind blocking, and winter solar heat gain penetration.

A lot that allows for placement of the house on a relatively flat area and in a natural
clearing will minimize disruption of the natural vegetation. This will avoid erosion,
discourage growth of invasive exotic vegetation, and be less expensive than
massive reconstruction. Minimizing disruption of natural drainage patterns is
generally less expensive up front and avoids costly maintenance of elaborate
constructed drainage systems. When native trees and vegetation must be removed,
they can often be replanted elsewhere on or off the site. Respecting existing wildlife
trails and habitat will enhance wildlife observation enjoyment.

Minimization of Raw Materials

One of the best ways to minimize the use of raw materials is to select a site that
already has a home on it, and remodel as necessary. At times it makes sense to
move an existing home to a new site. Some sites may offer sources of usable

building materials such as wood, stone, clay and sand which, if carefully and
thoughtfully considered, can be a sound alternative to importation.

One of the best ways to minimize the amount (and cost) of building materials
required is to keep the size of the home reasonable. With thoughtful design a small
home can be very comfortable, functional and respectful of privacy. Smaller, more
affordable lots should not be overlooked.

Social/Psychological/Functional

How the site feels inviting or forbidding, hot or cool, open or intimate may
affect how much the new homeowners take advantage of outdoor living spaces.
Maximum use of patios, decks, natural clearings, or other outdoor rooms can result
in the need for less indoor square footage that needs to be constructed then heated
and cooled, not to mention the psychological and physical benefits of being
outdoors. A prospective building site should be examined for existing tree
groupings, landforms or structures that will aid in creating pleasant, usable outdoor
spaces. Off site conditions which may affect outdoor livability or indoor living with
open windows (such as traffic noise, odors or pollution) should be considered before
selecting a site.

Many site selection and home design decisions that are good for the environment
also have direct positive benefits on the occupants health, well-being and budget.
Helping to preserve our environment through more thoughtful site selection and
home design is one very important step toward a continued high quality of life.

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