NGUYEN NHAN VA T H A N G LOI CUA CUOC TAN C O N G

VAO DilT TdNG DD LY THUfiTNG Kl|T CHI HUY

QUA GHI CH^P CUA THlTTjCH TRUNG QU(^C
NGUYEN H O U T A M *

i liu cia Vit Nam chdp vl cu^c

ttfn cdng cia L^ Thfling Kit vfio
dtft Ting cudi nfim 1075 diu nfim 1076 tfip
trung vfio cfic bd ehfnh s i nhfl: Viit sit lUgc,
B^i Vi& sit ky todn thU, Kh&m dinh Vi^t sit
thdng gidm cUang muc, ngodi ra cdc sdch
s i khdc nhu: Viit di^n u linh, Thiin Uyin
tdp anh ngS luc vfi m$t so vfin bia cung cd
dl cdp din cupc tflji cong ndy. Tuy v^iy, cdc
s i H^u cia 'Vi^t Nam cung chfla phan dnh
dflyc diy du vl cudc td'n cdng vdo dd't Tdng
nhflng ndm 70 t b i ky XI do Ly Thfldng
Ki^t chi huy. Ching ta ein tim thdm tfl
li$u ghi chip cia ehfnh cfic sach s i Trung
QuIc, ddc bi^t Id nhflng bd s i dUdng thcli dl
t i dd ed m$t nh^n djnh khdch quan vd
trung thflc ddi vdi nguydn nhdn, qud trinh
diSn biln cu$e tSin cdng,
Vdo ndm 1949, Hofing Xufin Han dd vilt
culh sach Ly ThUdng Ki^t: Lich sit ngoai
giao vd tdng gido triiu Ly (1). Dfiy Id tfic
phim chuydn khao, nghidn cflu m$t edeh
khoa hoe, nghidm t i c vd hodn cbinh nbtft
vl todn bp cu^c dii cing nhflng vd cdng
hiln bdch cia Ly Thfling Ki$t. Tac gia da
tien hdnh khao ciu ky cfing, phfin tfch ti
mi nguon thfl tich Vi0t Nam, d$c bit Id cdc
*TS. Vien S i hoc

s i Iiu Trung Qud'c chdp vl cu^c td'n cdng

cudi nfim 1075 diu ndm 1076 vfio dfi't Tong
(2),
Thfl tjch Trung Qud'c dSi Ting chip vl
quan h L^ - Tl'ng co Tdng sU, Tdng si ky
syl bdn mgt, Tdng hdi yiu, Tdng thU, B6ng
Dd sii luge vfi m^t s i sach khfic.
Trong nhiing thfl tich dd, bd Tuc tU tri
thdng gidm trUifng biin vilt vl quan h
Td'ng-L^ kha chi tilt, cung cflTp cho ching ta
mOt khU Ifldng s i lidu phong p h i vl cdc
cu^c chiln tranh gifla trilu h^ vd trilu
Ting, d$c bi^t vl cudc tfin cong vdo dd't
Td'ng do L^ Thfldng Kidt ebi huy culi nfim
1075. Chung tdi xin dfldc gidi thifu khdi
qudt vl tdc gia eilng n^i dung chfnh cia bd
sfich.
Tdc gia bO sfich 16 Lf Ddo (1115-1184),
sing dfldi trilu Nam Tdng, tdn ti^ Id Nhdn
P h i vd T i Trinh, t i r biu Id Td'n Nham, do
Tiin si ndm t b i 8 nidn bi^u Thi$u Hflng
(1138), ngflii 6 Dan Lfing, My Chfiu, tinh
Tfl Xuyln. Sau khi do Tiin si, con dfldng
bo^n 1| cua L^ Dfio khd hanh thing hiln
dtit, tiftig gifl cdc chic Tri chfiu, Tri huydn,
nfim t h i 3 nidn hi0u Cfin Dao Ting Hilu
tdng (1167) dfl^c nhd vua tridu vfio Kinh,

Rguyen nhan va th^ng 10...

sau dfldc thdng chflc Bf thfl Thilu gidm
kiem Kh6i cfl chu xa nhfin, Thflc li^c vi^n
Kiem thao. Vl sau do each gdp ^ khdng 1dm
vfla long Tl tfldng, ndn phai chuyin ra gifl
chflc Ho Bic chuyin vfin phd si, Vdo
nhflng ndm thudc nidn hidu Thuin Hy, dng
dfldc thang Le bd Thi lang, Phu vdn cdc
Hoc SI, Ding tu Qud'c s i . 6ng chit lie 70
tuoi, dfldc ban tdn thuy Id Vfin Gian.

Trong vdng 14 nfim, tii ndm diu niin

hidu Long Hflng Ting Hilu Tfing (1163)
din ndm thfl 4 nidn hilu Thuin Hy Ting
Hilu Tdng (1177), tdc gia da 4 lin dfing
tflng phin sdeh Idn nhd vua dgc duy^t.
Nfim thfl 10 nidn hiu Thuin Hy (1183),
sdch dfldc tring bidn thfinh 980 quyin,
eOng thdm "Ci ylu" 68 quyin, "Tu hodn sfl
Tong mvc" 10 quyin, "Tong myc" 5 quyin,
tong s i Idn tdi 1063 quyin, 14 Ddo da suu
tim, bidn soan trong thdi gian 40 ndm mdi
hodn thfinh bd sdch.

Ly Dao lfi ngfldi doc rdng cac thfl tich,

chuydn tdm nghidn cflu lich s i . Ong cdn dl
lai hdn 20 tac phim gdm cd: Tuc hodng
Cdc hoc gia chuydn sau vl Ijch s i trilu
c6ng khanh bdch quan biiu, TUh^ ly.c, Lich
dgi Te tu&ng niin biiu, Giang td phUOng Tong cua Trung Qud'c ddnh gifi r i t eao b^
Tuc
tu tri thdng gidm trUdng bien cia Lf
trdn nien biiu. Thien Hy dt lai ngU sit niin
Ddo. Bd sfich ghi chi^p rd't ky cdng, tfl lieu
biiu, Bich hgc. Xu&n Thu hgc...
phong phi. Id mdt trong nguin s i lidu cd
hf Ddo md phong theo t h i Id bd Tit tri
ban de nghidn cflu vl lich s i cac trilu dai
thdng gidm c i a Tfl Ma Quang, ghi chdp cac
Lieu, Tong, Tfiy Ha.
sfl kien cia 9 Abi vua Bdc Tl'ng, tong cPng
Sach vin cd 980 quyin, nhflng tfl Idu da
la 168 ndm, bdt diu tfl nam thfl nhfi't nidn
bieu Kien Long Ting Thai to' Tridu Khuong bi thd't truyen, ban hiln nay dang dfldc s i
Dfin (hoac Ddn) (960), cho de'n nam thfl 2 dung cd 520 quyin do trieu Thanh khi bidn
nien hidu Tinh Khang Tong Khdm tSng soan Tit kkd todn thU da chdp tfl bo Vinh
Tridu Hodn (1127), ddt tdn la Tuc tU tri Lgc dgi diin. Trong d6, thieu cac phin tfl
thdng gidm trUbng bien. Ly Dao thu thdp thang 4, nfim thfl 4 nien hidu Tr; Binh
Ting Anh tdng (1067) din thdng 3, nam
rong rdi tu lieu tfl cbfnh si, thflc lue, hdi
thfl 3 nidn hidu Hy Ninh Tfng Thin tdng
ylu.,, c i a trieu Bfie Ting, cho tdi cac sach
(1070), tfl thang 7, ndm thfl 8 nidn hidu
tfl gia, da s i , bia md... sau do tiin hdnh doi
Nguyin Hflu Tong Triet Tong (1093) din
chieu, dinh chfnh, khao ching tfl5ng tfin,
thang 3 ndm thfl 4 nidn hi$u Thidu Thdnh
rut ra nhflng tfldng ddng di bidt, phin
Tong Trilt Tdng (1097), tfl thdng 2 den
nhieu cd si cfl. Tac gia c h i trfldng nguydn thang 12 ndm thfl 3 nidn hidii Nguydn P h i
tac "Tha khdng 1dm m i t di cai phflc tstp, Tong Trilt Tdng (1100) cing vdi todn bd
cdn hdn la dl sd Ifldc". Neu cdc tfl lidu ghi phin ghi chdp edc sfl kidn eua hai ddi vua
chip khdc nhau, se dl nguydn cdc gia Td'ng Huy Tong (1102-1125) vd Ting Kham
thuyet vd chu them xufi't xfl giong nhfl bd Tdng (1126-1127) (3).
sach Thdng gidm khao di. Khi sflu tim tfl
1. Nguydn nhfin Ly Thrfing Kilt
lidu, Ly Ddo dung cac hop g6 dflng edc the,
mdi hop gom 20 the ghi chip cac sfl kidn dem qudn ta'n cong vdo da't Tong
dfldc ddnh s i theo phfldng phap can chi,
1.1. Phia Tdng ^ co dm. mUu vd chudn
dflng diu Id Gidp T$. Sfl kiln trong mSi bi IJJSC luang ddnh vdo Bgi Viit
nam dflde phdn chia theo thang, ngdy,
Ngay tfl nfim 1073, Tl'ng Thin Tdng Vd
trfldc sau sap xep trong cdc hop g5.
Te tfldng Vfldng An Thach da ddt k l hoach

Rghian cliru Lteh ail-, atf 4.8012

vfi t^o dilu ki^n cbo cfic quan l^i bidn gidi
tim cfich xfim lU(?c ving bidn Ting vd D^i
Vi$t. Dilu nfiy chfnh s i Ting da chip rl:
"Hy Ninh ndm thfl 6 (1073), m i a b? thdng
4, ngdy M$u Din (ming 6 Am ljeh), Tfin tri
Qui Chfiu Id Thim Khdi xin tfl nay bin 10
cd vi^c bidn gidi tbi theo 4 1 Thilm Tfiy,
chi trlnh Kinh Ifldc ty, chuydn trdch x i trf
vd lfim td khai tfiu bilt. Vua y theo. Khdi
l^i sai ngfldi ra cfiu dfldng h^t ngodi. Vua
nhin Vfldng An Th^eh bio r&ng; Chl huy
thi' ndo diy? An Thpeh xin tbeo ban cfing
vfin y tfiu xin, cho Khii lfim Gidm ty. Vua
bao ring dfl^. Ban ky ridng cia An Th^cb
l^i chdp ring; Vua sai Khdi bf m$t vi^e
kinh chl Giao Chi, cfic dng diu khfing ndn
dif nghe. Tfi't'ca cdc ldi tfiu xin, vua diu bfio
vfi cbo phdp,
Trin Qufin bdn rling: Ldi tfiu An Th^cb
bdo cfio vdi vua: Vide binh khdng thdi ndo
Id khfing ding. Thin khao bao ring: Ding
binh sao ed thi vd danh. An Thach tau; B$
ha hdn muo'n ding binh tbi lo gi vd danh,
cho ndn nfim t h i 7 chip chfnh md 4 lin
1dm vide bidn. Thin khao ngoi ydn chip tay
mong thdnh. Nhflng khi 1dm dfl^c si^ thfinh
thi lai quy cdng b An Th^cb, mfi sfl khing
thfinh thi nb^n l5i d minb.,. Vide d Quang
Tdy, Thim Khdi cung nh$n ehi vua d An
Thach. Din lie b^i tr^n Thin khao cbe chd
si^ loi Trung thfl sinh s\t, rli i y khic tbeo f
An Th^ch, tha t^i ehS't eho Khdi. T h i md
cung chfla tfliig trdch An Th^ch. Nhfl t b i
Thin khao dii vdi An Tb^ch ddng gpi Id
h4u. Cdn An Th^cb nin bdo ddp vua nhfl
t h i ndo?
Nhfl Thim Khdi dSi quanh vic Man,
din noi dl cho Giao Cbi pham bidn, vfiy
ham Ung chfiu, Khdm, Lidm thd't t b i , TbI
tbi ngfldi sinh sfl lfi Khdi, ai cung bilt ca,
ngfldi t^o mflu lfi An Thach, md ngudi
khdng biet hit, Khi vic bidn chfla phdt ra,

Tbin khdo eho chiiu bfii Khdi, ndi ring: Hy

hd ding binh chfla cd k^ nghi. Thim Khdi l^i
6 phUdng Nam tgio nfin ldi dH quanh, tuy
mud'n tri t^i Khdi cho ydn trong ngodi, nhflng
An Tb^cb khfing chju ph^ng chiiu" (4).
Khfing nhflng ngtfm nglm chi d^o cdc
bidn thin l$p k l ho^ch ehuin h\ xfim Ifl^fc
D^i Vi|t, ngofii ra trilu Tl'ng edn trao thdm
cdc chic trdch vfi t&p bgp li^c Ifldng, Ifldng
thao t^o dilu ki|n eho cfing viv'c tiin hdnh
thu^n Ipi.
"Hy Ninh ndm thfl 6 (1073), mia ha
thdng 4, ngfiy Tfin Mfio (18 Am lich), Vua
sai Tfin tri Qutf chfiu, Thidn chfldng cfic Dai
chl lfi Thim Khdi kidm Dl c i Ifldng thao"
(5).
"Hy Ninh ndm t h i 6 (1073), mia ha
thfing 4, ngdy Nhdm Thin (19 Am lich),
Tdn tri Q u i chfiu lfi Thim Khdi xin dem
d^ng binh d 61 khe d^ng v l Ung Chfiu xip
thdnh bao gidp, sai quan d^y t$p. Vua y
theo vd cd'p cho 300 td d$ ddng di$p" (6).
Cho din nhflng ndm tri \^ tilp theo cia
Ting TbIn tfing, nhihig hdnh d^ng chuIn
bi cho vi$c xfim Ifl^c c i a Td'ng dfii vdi trilu
Ly cfing din d^p vd cy t h i hdn, th^ni chf
ddn dl'n vi0e gilt hdng nghin ngfldi d chdu
d$ng dpc bidn cfldng, trong td ehilu ngdy
Dinh Siu (22 Am ljeh, 27-4-1076) cd trich
din nhflng ghi chip cia Tfl Ma Quang nhu
sau: "Trong thdi Hy Ninh, trilu dinh sai
Thim Khdi, Lifu Di nli nhau tri Qui Chfiu
dl dl chilm Giao Chi, Khdi, Di lfim chiln
thuyin dofin k i t d$ng dinh dl 1dm bao gidp,
cd'p cho tr^n dl, sai theo th^ d^y chiln diu.
Cfic dOng rli Ib^n, ngfldi TbI b i t ngfldi
Giao Chi,.., nhilu khfing the k l xilt" (7).
Ngdy Dinh D^u (10 Am lich, 18-011076) khi trilu Ly bao vfiy Ung Chfiu, trilu
Ting vfii vdng eho ring: "Liie diu Thim
Khdi kinh Ifldc Quang Tfiy ndi b|iy ring: cd
Cbl muu ddnh Giao Chi, Igi tfl tin thu nap

ttguyen nhto vt fcAng Ig!..

Ning Thidn My 6 An Tinh chfiu vd d^t
thdnh trai d cUdng gidi Dong (Dung) Nghi
chfiu gilt hai hfing nghin ngfldi, ngfldi Giao
noi loan. Cd ehilu liy Lflu Di thay Khdi
mong sai di chidu tdp. Md Di lai dii b^y Id
trilu dinh cd mUu ddnh liy, muln lfim ra
kilu ky di Idp cfing, mdi sai quan vdo khe
ddng diem tdp thd' binh 1dm bao ngQ trao
eho trfin dS dl hfijig nfim luydn t^p. K l dd,
sai cbl huy nhfin die chu sfl tfip hpp d bd b l
chd mull dl gido tp thiy chiln. Cho ndn
khi d'y, ngfldi Giao mdu dich cing chdu
huydn n h i t thilt cfi'm ehi, (Nfim thfl 7 ngdy
3 thdng 3 sai Di di xem xdt vi^c Khdi, ndm
thfl 8 thfing 12 Di nghe Chi). Bdi thi, Giao
Chi cang hai long tdp hop binh dinh mflu
vdo efldp" (8).
Bd sach Tdng si ky sU bdn mgt, quyin
15, phdn Giao Ch&u chi biin cung chdp vl
vide ndy, nhflng d ddy cac tac gia dfi bidn hd
cho vide trilu Tong am mUu xfim Id'n bien
cfldng vdi ly le Id "Vao nam Hy Ninh thfl 8
ddi Tong Thin Tdng (1075), trieu dinh nghi
lufin khai thac bidn cfldng. Tii Que chfiu la
Thim Khdi sai quan vfio vung khe dfing tdp
hdp t h i dinb lfim bao ngu, lai tfing cfldng
dfit thanh trai tai Dong (Dung) chdu, gilt
hai hdn nghin ngfldi" (9).
. Nhfl vdy, chfnh thfl tich ddi Ting cung
da chi ro nguydn nhan khdch quan md
trieu Ly phdt ddng cudc td'n cdng vfio dfi't
Tl'ng, trfldc hi't xufi't phat tfl dm mflu, hfinh
dfing chuIn bi xdm Iflde Dai Vi$t cia trilu
Ting. Tfl vua den T l tfldng Vfldng An
Thach diu nhfi't trf trong vide dung ting
bidn t h i n ldng hfinh bidn cfldng, fim mflu
xdm l i n Dai Vidt,
1.2. Trong td L6 bdmk hy Thfldng Kidt
cho quan Unh nidm ylit trdn dfldng t i n cfing
da neu ro: mgt trong nhitng nguyin nh&n
phdi dua qu&n vdo ddt Tdng Id nham giip
nh&n ddn triiu Tdng trdnh khoi s^ hd

khdc, khdn cing do thiic hi^n biin phdp

cia TitUdng VuangAn Thgch
Trong td chiiu do Vfldng An Thgch thao
ra sau khi bil't tin nfii dung td Ld dd'cia Ly
Thfldng Ki^t phan ddi biln phfip, ed doan
chdp: "Khi fi'y Giao Chi pbfi thfinh fi'p nfio
thi 1dm td kl cfing yit d dfldng sd,.. Lai ndi:
Trung Qufic 1dm phdp thanh mifiu, trd dich,
1dm cing kbin sinh ddn. Ta nay xufi't binh
muln ciu vdt" (10). Sfl ki^n ndy cung dflpc
Tdng si ky sU bdn mgt ghi lai: "Ndm Hy
Ninh t h i 9 ddi Ting Thin tdng (1076), mfla
xudn, thfing 2, Ifi'y Quach Quy lfim An Nam
chidu thao sfl, khi dd b i t dflpc Ld bd cua
ngfldi Giao. Trong dd vilt: Trung Quoc tien
hdnh phdp thanh midu, trp dich, 1dm cflng
khd'n sinh dfin. Nay (Giao Chi) xud't binh
muln cflu vdt ddn chung. Khi dd Te tudng
(Vudng An Thach) phfin nO, Ifi'y Thidn
chUdng cfic Dai che lfi Tridu Tilt 1dm Chidu
thao sfl dem quan di didt. Tilt ndi: Quy la
ngudi Ifio luydn vide bidn cfldng, xin cho
lam (Chidu thao) chdnh sfl, md Ky tam
Phd. Cho ndn mdi cd lenh ndy" (11).
1.3. Nguydn nhdn thfl ba dfldc Ly
Thfldng Kidt ndu trong Lg dd'tuydn cao vdi
ddn ching trilu Tong la vi: Trieu Tdng dd
dung dudng bgn phdn hgi Bgi Viet, vi thi'
Bgi Viit dem qu&n sang Tdng di tUu diit
bgn phdn bdi. Bong thdi, Ld bdcdn chi ro
triiu Tdng dd tU chdi khdng trd ldi vdn thu
cia triiu Ly, vd khdng cho d&n ching cUng
cdc thuang nh&n triiu Ly vdo ddt Tdng
thdng thuang mau dich,
Sdeh s i ddi Ting dd chdp vdn thfl cia
trilu Ly gii sang nhd tra xdt vl vide ddm
gidc lfim logn bidn cfldng cbgy sang n^i phu
trilu Ting dii hp tdn, hidn dang dfldc bidn
thin cia Ting dung dfldng, che chd: "Hy
Ninh ndm t h i 8, mia xudn, thfing Gidng
ngdy Ky Mii (26 Am lich, 14-2-1075), Giao
Chi qudn vfldhg Id Ly Cdn Dflc ddng biiu

Rghian ciu Heh sii'. stf 4.gQ12

tfiu: 'Tdn t h i linh Ma Thdi Ddt d chfiu An
Unh v^n Id ngfldi chdu Dinh Bidn cia bin
dao, di cfl din chdu An Tinh. Nay dii tdn Id
Ning Thi^n My, cing vdi gia thu$c hdn
700 ngfldi trdn sang n$i dia, xin xlt hdi
eho" (12),
Vua Ting dfi ra chiiu cbo cdc vidn quan
dia phfldng tlm hilu vd tdu trlnh si;( thi,lc;
Ngdy Tfin Hpi (23 Am Ueb, 31-01-1076), cd
chiiu ring: Nghe Ning Thi|n My xin quy
hdng vi c6 Thim Khdi sai Tilt Ci dem
ngfldi chidu dy. Khi Lflu Di din sau x i trf
cung cd tu trdi phfldng phdp mdi 1dm Giao
Chi vfio efldp. Hg l|nh cho Tri Qui chfiu
Thach Gifim, Quang Nam tfiy 1$ Chuyin
vdn phdn quan Chu Oe cing Thdi D\ic xdt
thuc dem tfiu (ngfiy 22 Di nghe ehi. Ndm
sau (Hi Ninh tbfl 9), thfing gidng ngdy 9 lai
^ o Chidu thao ty) (13),
"Hy Ninh nfim thfl 9, m i a xudn, thdng
Gidng, ngay Bfnh Din (9 Am lich, 16-21076), Chieu cho An Nam Chidu thao sfl ty
cing Thach Gidm, Chu Oe xem xdt vi$c
Thim Khdi, Lflu Di sinh bdy vide bidn, dem
sfl thuc tfiu Idn. Trudc c6 T h i ehilu cho
Trung thfl ring Thim Khdi trfldc d Quang
Tdy truyin bdy vic mfit cia trilu dinh ed y
ehi Kinh lupc ddnh Giao Chdu. Lai khdng
ddi chiiu, tfl ti^n i y bidn Igi chidu tilp
Nflng Thi^n My 6 An Tinh chau" (14),
Nhflng cing trong bd sfich Tuc tU tri
thdng gidm trudng biin, b m|t dogn khdc
thi Igi chip, do cd si^ tfiu bao cia Thim
Khdi cho ring ving d i t chfiu Tbfi't Nguydn
trfldc thu$c trilu Ting, ndn vua Tong dfi
xuong cbil'u cho phdp Ning Tbi^n My dupe
nfii phu vd cdn thfim hdi r i t trpng bdu. Sau
dd Igi xul'ng ehilu khdng dong y cho phfa
trilu Ly dfla Thi^n My vl Dai Vidt xdt boi,
"Trflde dd, Quang Nam tay 1 sfl lfi
Thim Khdi ndi ring: Vidn tri chdu An Tinh
la Ning Tbi^n My cing bpn gia thu^c hdn

700 ngfldi xin quy thufin dl'n chfiu Thtft

Nguydn. Thin dfi khdm h^i bilt Ning
Thi|n My trflde vd'n ngfldi thfin D^ng t b u ^
quyin quan hgt ehfiu T h i t Nguydn cua n^i
dja. Nfim xfla dfi bj Giao Chi xfim dogt dii
lfi chfiu An Tinh. Vl p h i djch ylu sdch
philn k h i mfi xin quy phi^, khdng n$p dfi't
bi Giao Chi gilt.
XuIng ehilu cho phdp quy tbu^n vfi
thfim hdi flu hfiu.
Din nay, Cfin Die ndi vl vi|c nfiy, bdn
ehilu cho Quang Nam tfiy 10 Kinh Ifl^ ty
khfim h$i tfl di$p tra ldi vd ban cbilu cho
Cdn Die ndi Id khfing thu^n (Ban chiiu nli
khfing thu$n lfi theo Giao Chi vfldng
truyen)" (16).
"Hi Ninh nfim tbfl 8, mfla dfing, thfing
12, ngdy Quy S i u (25 fim Ijch, 2-2-1076),...
Khi d'y Giao Chi phd thdnh dp nfio tbi lfim
td k l cfing yIt d dfldng sd, Ndi ring: vi dfin
b|i phan trfi'n vdo Trung Qutfc, dflpc quan
Igi dung nhdn cho trd'n, ta sai sfl td'cdo Qui
quan, khdng dflpc tra ldi. Lgi sai s i vflpt
biln to cfio b Quang chdu, cung khfing tra
ldi. Cho ndn sfl binh ta duli b i t ke phan
trd'n..." (16),
Cde nguydn nhdn ddnh vdo dfi^t Ting
c i a Ly Thfldng Ki^t diu da dflpc ghi chip
khd diy d i trong nhflng s i li$u cua trilu
Ting, Nhflng ly do ndy khdng phai do phfa
trilu Ly ti^ tgo ra md xufi't phfit tfl chfnh
nhflng mflu dl vd hdnh d$ng xdm Iflpc cia
trilu Tong ddi vdi Dgi Vit.
2. Qu& t r i n h tan cdng vko dat Tong
cua Ly Thi/ctag Ki^t
Vdo thdng 10 nfim 1076, trilu Ly da cho
m$t dgo qufin dfin binh til'n dfinh thfim dd
phan flng c i a trilu Tl'ng. "Hy Ninh ndm
t h i 8, thang 9, ngfiy Gidp TufCt (16 Am
ljeh, 27-10-1076), ngfiy hdm ly, gi$c Man ed
bdn 700 ngUdi vfio efldp d ddng Cl Vgn (xdt
Idi tfiu vfio thdng 11 ngfiy 11) (17), Cbo din

Rguyen nhan vn th^ng Igl,..

hdn 1 thang sau, trilu dinh Ting mdi dflpc
cac quan dia phfldng thdng bdo si^ kidn
trdn, "Hi Ninh ndm thfl 8, m i a ddng thdng
10, ngfiy Bfnh Thin (24 Am Ijch, 4-121075), Quang Nam Tdy 1^ Kinh Iflpc ty ndi
gidc Man cudp trai Cd' Vgn" (18). Tilp theo
vdo thfing 12, trilu Ly lgi tp trung hfldng
binh cac ving bidn gidi phfa bfie dl chuIn
bi td'n cfing, Bidn t h i n trilu Tl'ng thfim
thfnb dflpc tin tflc vfii bfio vl trilu dinh "Hi
Ninh ndm t b i 8, m i a ddng thdng 11, ngfiy
Ky Ty (11 Am lich, 21-12-1075), Quang Tfiy
Kinh Iflpc ty ndi:.-fed di^p bdo Giao Chi,
Quang Nguydn chdu tdp hpp hfldng binh
muon mUu vfio efldp, Lgi ndi Cl Vgn dfing
bi gidc Man danh efldp" (19). Khi nhdn
dflpc tin bdo, trieu Ting lgi xuIng chilu:
"nhflng ngfldi ddnh nhau vdi gidc cd cong
dem tfiu Idn chdng. Nhfi bi efldp vd dot,
Ifldng xem de p h i tud't hp (thfing 9 ngdy 15
tflc 27-10-1075 cd efldp dfing Cl Van)" (20).
Tam ngfiy sau khi trilu dinh T^ng nhdn
dfldc tin hfldng binh chdu Quang Nguydn
tdp trung Ifle lUdng ehuIn bi hdnh dfing,
thi tai viing bien phia nam, ngdy 30-121075, Ly Thfldng Kidt da ddn met dgo quan
t h i y theo dfldng tfl chau Vinh An ta'n cfing
vdo chdu Kham, vd ehi sau 3 ngfiy tfi'n eong
tilp vdo chdu Lidm. "Hi Ninh nfim thfl 8,
mia ddng, thdng 11, ngdy Mdu Din (20
Am Ijch, 30-12-1075), Giao Chi vdy ham
Kham Chdu, sau 3 ngdy (tflc ngdy Tan Ty
23 Am lich 2-1-1076) lgi vdy ham Lidm
Chau" (21) vd cung phai mfit hdn mfit
thdng sau thi trilu Tong mdi bilt tin chau
Khfim vd chfiu Lidm da bi qufin trilu Ly
chilm mfi't "(Kham chau tbang 12 ngdy 20
td tfiu din, Lidm ehdu thfing 12 ngdy 22 td
tfiu din)" (22). Cling lie dd, cac bidn thin
lidn tilp dfing tau vl trilu dinh T^ng cdc
tin t i e lien quan dl'n cudc tiin cdng chfiu
Kham, chdu Liem: "Hi Ninh nfim thfl 8,

27

mia ddng, thdng 11, ngfiy Gidp Thfin (26

Am ljeh, 5-1-1076), Quang Nam Tfiy 1|
kinh Iflpc ty tfiu ring; An Nam tinh hai
qudn tilt d$ s i cd di^p ndi 2 chfiu Khfim,
ehdu Lidm mdi ed chuydn ngdn trd khfing
cho thdng hda mua bdn vd chfla cho ngfldi
Idn Kinh ddng cl'ng, Cd chilu cho Lflu Di
khfing dflpc ngdn dflt. Khi ly An Nam da
vdo efldp, (Cd chilu cho Lflu Di khfing dflpc
ngfin ch$n An Nam dfit mua Id edn cfl theo
s i ddi vua Thin tfing, Giao Chi truyin th\ec
lgc ndi mia dfing d'y An Nam vdo cUdp. Xdt
ra thfing fi'y, ngfiy 20 da ham Khfim chfiu,
sau 3 ngdy ham Lidm chdu, nay dii lgi) (23),
"Hi Ninh ndm t h i 8, mia ddng, thdng
12 ngfiy Quy Ty (5 Am lich. 13-01-1076),
Quang Nam Tay Id kinh Iflde ty tfiu ndi:
Giao Chl dem tbiy sfl ddng 6 Hi Dfldng
(24) trd'n, mflu dung hai dfldng vfio efldp,
Kham Lidm dd bj ham rli (Thang 11 ngdy
20 ham Khfim chau, thang 12 ngdy 20 td
tfiu mdi din Lidm chau. Phai Id thdng 11
ngdy 23 ham, thdng 12 ngfiy 22 td tfiu mdi
den) (25).
"Hi Ninh ndm t h i 8, mua ddng, thdng
12 (5 Am lich, 13-01-1076), Quang Nam tay
lfi Kinh lUpc ty noi: Giao Chi dem thuy sfl
ddng d Ho Dfldng trin, mflu ding hai dfldng
vfio efldp Khdm chfiu, Lidm chdu. Ngdy 21
(29-01-1076) Giao Chl vdo efldp, cfing ham
chdu qufin, gilt vfi lam bi thfldng lgi, dfin.
Cbil'u cbo Quang Nam 13 Kinh Iflpc ty ndi
ding k l sach gii chdt, ddt An Nam Id Kinh
Iflpc ty, dfl dinh sau khi khing chl dfl^c sfl
kidn ndy (chi vide qufin Ly Thudng Kidt tin
cdng - NHT), se tien hanh ddnh phd tdn sdo
huydt cia chung" (26).
Cd t h i ndi sfl t i n cdng bd't ngd vd mgnh
me cia ddi qufin do Ly Thudng Kit Ifinh
dao dd gidnh dfldc thfing Ipi nhanh chdng
ngay t i tr^n diu ra qudn.

Rghian cflu Lleh sic, a l 4.2012

Sau khi gidnh dflpc chfiu Khfim, ehdu
Lidm d phfa nam, kit hpp vdi dgo qufin bO
tgi phfa bfie ciing dd thu dflpc chiln thing,
khiin cho qufin Ting trdn ede ving biln
tilp gidp vdi Dgi Vi|t lfim vfio t b i ling
ting, bj dOng, Ly Thfldng Ki$t chi d|ng
nidm yIt td L(5 bd trdn dfldng hfinh qufin,
nhim ndu vi|c dem qufin vdo dd't Ting cia
minh Id ed danh nghia (nhfl phin trdn bdi
vilt da trinh bdy). Tic di^ng eua vi|c 1dm
ndy dd thflc tinh nhilu ngudi ddn bilt
Ifldng tri Id phii cia phfa Ting. Hp tlm mpi
cdch cfing khai giip dd, ing h$ qudn d^i
trilu Ly. Nhfl BI Si da chip trong Thin
phi Ly Thfldng Ki|t: "Dfin Ting thd'y ldi
tuydn cdo, diu vui mflng dem trdu rflpu
khao qufin ta. Tfl dd, moi lie dfin ching
thd'y hidu cd Thudng Kidt ddng xa, thi ndi
dd Id qufin cia cha bp Ly ngfldi nfldc Nam;
roi cing nhau bdy hUdng dn bdi phuc bdn
dfldng. Nhd dd md uy thanh quan ta lan
khip" (27).
Cing trong thdng 12 ndm 1075, dao
quan do Tfin Dan cbi huy da phd dflpc 4
trgi tai phfa bdc gdm cd: Thdi Binh, Vinh
Bmh, Thidn Lue vd Co Van. Vdo diu thfing
1 ndm 1076, Tfin Dan nhan the thing, lgi
dfla qudn Idn bao vdy Ung chau.
Tin t i c Khfim chdu, Lidm chau bi chilm
lien tilp bao vl, vua quan trilu Tong hoang
mang, lo sp, lidn tyc cdc chilu chi dflpc ban
xuffng eho cde dia phfldng bidn gidi. Vua
Tfing sp ring trilu Ly dinh chilfm dflpc
Kham chfiu, sd thfla t h i tfi'n cdng Quang
Chau, mfit kbdc cung bilt dflpc h$ thing
phdng t h i tgi Quang Tdy "da ft lgi ylu", vi
vfiy "chilu cho Quang Tfiy kinh Iflpc ty sai
cdc chdu qu^n gifl thdnh, khdng dupe
khinh thfldng ra nghdnh cbil'u" (28), Thfim
chl, "nlu chdu qu^n, buy^n trd'n trai thfinh
qudeh khdng hodn bj, lgi binh qudn ft ylu,
xdt c6 ch6 khdng t h i gifl dflpc, cho quan Igi

cfl ch5 bilm ylu md gifl", "sau vua pbfi tiin

phong cbl huy hg l^nh Quang Tdy chfiu
qu$n khdng d i sic chd'ng gifl, diu nhd
quan lgi hpp dd'c dfin binh gifl bilm, bo
thdnh cho t i y ti$n" (29), Song song vdi v i ^
ban chilu ddn dd'c vi^e phdng t b i , trilu
dinh tim mpi cdch tfing cfldng b l sung thfim
binh Ifnh k l ca tho dinh, Ifldng thao, vii
khf, tbutfc chfla bnh cho Quang Tfiy,
"Thdng 12, ngfiy Ky D^u (21 Am Ijch,
29-01-1076), lgi ed ehilu chi 10 vgn quan
tiin gidm thu$c Quang Tfiy dfing 1$ vd tiin
ngp trp gido 5 vgn quan 1dm tiin di$p bl
dem flng cho Tfiy 1 chuyin v$n ty" (30).
"Ngdy Ky D$u (21 Am lich, 29-01-1076),
Igi chilu cho Quang Nam tfiy 1$ Kinh Iflpc
ty tuyIn m^ dinh trfing hai, ba nghin gii
cdc thfinh chfiu Ung Tdn, khfing du thi
tuyIn t h i dinb.
Lgi chilu cho Quang Nam tdy 1$ Kinh
Iflpc ty sai sfl t h i n chia cde chdu qudn
tuyIn phdi qufin hang mgnh khoe, dung
cam ed t h i gifl chflc vo dl'n Qul^ chdu. Ci
500 ngfldi ghdp thfinh 1 ehi huy gifio duylt,
gpi Id Tfin Trtflig (31) hai. Khdng d i thi cfl
thu quan si* d'y, bdng ngfiy chi khIu phin
dn. Chd d i n i a ndm luy$n t$p tbl y theo 1$
gifio duy^t qudn Trflng Hai xin chl cfi'p,
chju sfl gidm sfit c i a Kinh Ifl^c s i da uy,
Nlu lfim qufi hung de sd x i tri n$ng ngodi
phdp Iu|t" (32).
"Ngdy Canh Tud't (22 Am lich, 30-011076), Chilu ring quan lgi Quang Tfiy dfinh
vdi giflc Giao Chi mfi chit tW Kinh Iflpc ty
tlm hdi nhd hp p h i txiKt bdn Idn. Nlu ai
muffn vl Linh bdc, thi tim ngfldi hO td'ng,
Lgi cbil'u r i n g Hfin lfim y vi$n quan
chpn phfldng tbulc tri lam chfldng 57 logi
giao xuIng cbo hpp vdi mdn thuo'c cin chl.
Lgi chilu cho Kinh Hi nam hie ! chl tao
7000 cung nd go dl cd'p eho Quang Tfiy (33),

Rguy^n nhan va th&ng l^rt,.

Sau ndy, do cupc td!n cfing cia qufin dpi
Ly Thfldng Kift qud manh, anh hfldng Ifin
den trieu Ting, ndn vide theo doi ving dfi't
Quang Tdy dfldc nhd vua quan tfim sdt sao
hdn, da tilftig cd chilu eho cac vidn quan diu
tinh phai tfiu bao hdng ngdy tinh hinh viing
bidn; "Thang 12, ngdy Nhfim T^ (24 Am ljeh,
1-2-1076), vua phd ring: Quang Tdy 2 ngfiy
nay khong cfi tdu bfio, phai ha Idnh eho Kinh
Iflpc chuyin vdn ty hdng ngdy dem vi$c dfing
tinh bidn cfldng tfiu ro" (34).

Iflpc di liy dit bO phn tfl gifl. Dan chau

kinh sp, cfl Iii trin khfing t h i ki xilt. Gidm
bd hit kho quan vd cia ridng chi th; ring:
Binh gidi cia ta vin di, Ifldng chia khfing
thilu. Nay qudn gi^c da vfiy dfldi thfinh
duy lfi bin thfinh c l gifl, dl dpi ngoai vi^n,
cd thi ngii md thing. Nlu m^t ngfldi cit
chdn thi ldng qufin dao d^ng, Vi^c Idn hdng
trudc mit, Lu ngfldi vui nghe ldi ta se dflpc
hdu thfldng, ho$c khfing nghe md ra, se bi
chdm cing vp eon trfldc. Cd vidn dgi bi$u
C b i tfldng Ly Thudng Ki^t sau khi Dich Tfch nglm muln chgy ra, Giam dfi sai
chilm xong Khfim chfiu vd Lidm Chfiu, ngudi mai phuc cia ngodi ehfit diu dem
ciing Idp tflc dfla dgi qufin Idn phia bic kit nghidm Idnh, bdi t h i trdn dfldi bi uy hilp
hdp vdi cfinh qudn Tdn Dan chi huy bao phai nghe m^nh, Giam lai mp dflpc miy
vdy Ung chfiu, Vdo gifla thing 1 nfim 1076, trdm ngfldi t i t h i dfla thuyin len Ung
ca hai hfldng da hdp qudn vay ham thfinh giang cflng ddnh nhau vdi giac, chdm dflpc
Ung ehdu. Vfldng An Thgch da khang dinh trdn 200 diu, gilt dfldc mudi mdy con voi
vdi vua Ting Thin tdng, khi nghe tin "Giao to, Gidc bdn vdy thdnh. Gidm ngay ddm di
Chi vfiy Ung chdu, Vfldng An Thach tau du si tfft, dem t h i n ty cung bin gidc nga,
vua rang Ung chau thanh vflng tfi't khfing voi chet, khong the ke xilt, Gidc danh ca 4
pha nd'i" (35). Mat khac, tfldng gifl thanh Ifi mgt xdng len tfldng thdnh, tren thdnh bin
Td Giam (36) "lai Id mdt ngfldi ky cflu, lao ten l i a dot thang vao thanh. Ca trfldc sau
luydn, thfing minh vd rd't cfldng quylt" (37). gilt dflpc tren 5 nghin ngfldi. Ngfldi trong
Khi dUdng chflc Tri Ung chau biet dfldc thdnh Idng thdm vflng..." (39). To Giam
cong vide ehufiji bi xfim Iflde Dai Viet cia thd'y kha nang chong cfl lai qudn trilu Ly
Lim Di, Giam ttfng khuydn ngfin, nhflng Di khdng t h i kdo ddi dflpc, vi vdy vfii phdi
khfing nghe cdn hac Giam da tfl tidn tham ngfldi din Qui Chau cd'p bao cho Lflu Di
gia vide bien cfldng. "Tri Ung ehdu TS Gidm xin chi vidn: "Lflu Di sai T h i Tilt di ciu
thdm biet la thflc, gii thfl den Di xin bai vidn, T h i Tilt nghe gific dong gip mfldi
thi hdnh 3 vide nhfl cu (tflc Id khfing tfip giflng giing khfing di ngay, lgi quay ve Ifi'y
trung quan tho dinh dgy trfin do, khong Quy chau Id tni binh d tram Khang Hda de
cho chu sfl tilp tuc luydn thuy chien, cho xem thing bai, Giam lai sai sfl dem lap thfl
phdp thfldng nhdn, dfin chung phfa Ly d-[i(ic eao cd'p d Di dilm hinh nguc Ting Ciu.
vfio budn bdn - NHT), khdng dl ngfldi Giao Ciu nhdn dflpc thfl sd khdc. Ld'y quyen tidn
dem quan cd danh nghia. Di khdng nghe lai nghi die T h i Tilt tiin binh. T h i Tilt sd vfii
gii cdng vfin bfie Giam Id phd nghi. Lai vdng khfing bilt Idm gi chuyin din din
trach sai khdng dfldc tfl tidn ndi vide bidn" Hda Gidp linh, vl gifl Cfin Lfin quan (40),
(38). Vi v^y, khi biet quan dpi Ly Thfldng B3ng gdp gific, khfing dich nli mfit trfin,
Kidt bao vay thdnh, To Giam da "duydt qudn thua, T h i Tilt ehit" (41). Trdn ddnh
binh trong qu^n, dflpc sfldng cd'm binh vd didt vidn ndy cia quan ddi Ly Thfldng Kidt
gid yeu 2800 ngfldi. Trieu quan lai cung diln ra ngdy mdng 4 Am lich, thang gidng,
ngfldi tai diing trong qudn trao cho phfldng ndm Hy Ninh thfl 9 (11-2-1076), Sau trfin

Rghlfln ciu Ljeh a i , atf 4.2012

di0t vi^n, Ly Thudng Ki|t tdng cfldng bao
vdy thfinh ch$t hdn vfi quylt djnh hg thdnh
Ung chfiu sdm, Sau 42 ngfiy vfiy hfim, din
ngfiy 23 thfing Gilng ndm Hy Ninh t h i 9
(1-3-1076), thdnh Ung chdu bj hg. Thfl tich
Trung QuIc chip: "Ngfiy d'y (23 thdng
Gidng, 1-3-1076), gi$c Giao Chi hfim Ung
chfiu, Tfi Gifim bj chit, Trfldng T b i Tilt
thua, gi$c bit sing md'y trdm ngfldi, Gi|c
bilt bdc qudn ddnh thdnh gidi, dem mii l0i
Idn d i sai 1dm thang mdy (vfin thd); 1dm
dupe thi bj Gidm dit. Lgi ddnh qua bfio
dfing, liy da sing (sie v^t) 1dm v$t che,
Gidm ehd gi$c qua rli phdng l i a dit trong
hang. Gic h i t kl^ muln rut di, nhflng bilt
ngogi vi^n khdng din. Gfip cd kd bilt phdp
tho cdng, dgy gi$c nhli d i t mfi'y vgn t i i
hfldng phfa thfinh chd't thdnh n i i dd't,
khoanh khic cao Idn mIy trflpng, Qufin
gific trdo Idn dl vfio, thdnh bi vdy bam,
Giam cdn dem qudn bi thUdng, xdng xao
h i t sic k h i chiln, nhflng khfing dich nli,
Giam ndi: '\^ nghia, ta khfing chit vdo tay
gific. Rli trd vl nhd d ehdu, md c i a eho
todn gia 36 ngfldi chl't trfldc, ddo ho gid'u
xfic, roi phdng l i a tfl thilu. Gidc din tim di
bdi c i a Gidm vd gia quyin diu khfing dflpc,
quay lgi gilt hgi lgi tfi't, tho dinh eU dfin
hdn 5 vgn ngfldi. Din trdm ngfldi thdnh 1
dd'ng, tfi't ca hdn 580 dong. G^p vdi si' bj
gilt b Khfim, Lidm khdng dfldi hdn 10 vgn
ngudi. Sau dd, gi^c Igi phd hiy thdnh dl
Id'p sdng,
Ung chdu bj vfiy tfift ca 42 ngfiy, Gifim
khich 1$ tfldng SI cl' gifl. Lfldng thflc da hit,
g$p nfim hgn hdn, gilng n i i kbd cgn, ngfldi
ddi khdt mic ea nfldc dye bin md uing,
nhilu ngfldi bj b$nb kilt ly chl't gdi diu Idn
nhau mfi khfing ed ngfldi ndo phan, Gifim
gidn Thim Khdi vd Lflu Di gfiy ndn gi^c
eUdp. Di lgi ngii nhln tbdnb bj vfiy md
khfing cflu, Gidm muln Ifim ban sd tfiu hit
mpi B\Jl tinh, nhflng dfldng di bi ngdng trd

khdng thfing, Gifim lfim b&ng kl t^i Khdi,

Di d ehp mong thdng dih trilu dBnh, Trflde
con c i a Gidm Id T i Nguydn 1dm Qutf chdu
tfl h | tham qudn dem ca gia quyl'n din
thfim cha, toan vl tbi nghe c6'gific Giao.
Gifim cho r i n g gia thu$e qu$n thu xufi't
tbdnb, ngfldi ta sd cho Id trdnh gi^c, dfin
ching si cung cd y bd di, ndn chi cho T i
Nguydn vl Qui chfiu mfi lUu vp con T i
Nguydn lgi, vi t b l diu bj ebit ea. Gidm
chit rli, gi^c Giao lgi mflu efldp Qui chdu,
qudn tiin phong di dflpc mfy chyc d$m,
ho$e trfing thfCy dgi binh t i ble din hfi
ring: "Td hodng thfinh dem qufin din bdo
odn Giao Chi". Qudn gi$c sp mdi lui vl. Sau
ndy, ngfldi Ung chfiu Ifip din thd (To
Gifim), hfing nfim elu dao (TU Ma ky vdn
chdp; Thfing gidng, ngdy 21 gi^c phd Ung
chfiu, ngdy 23 lai vl ban ddng. Xdt ThUc lye
tbi ngdy 23 pbfi Ung chfiu. Nay theo Thflc
lye, cbi khfing ghi ngfiy ndo vl ban d^ng,
ndn khao. Xlt ngdy Giao Chi hdm Ung
chdu Tdng si eho Id ngdy Mdu TMn; sdch
B6ng B6 s{/ luge cung chip nhfl thi) (42).
3. Nguydn n h a n thitng I^i cua cu^c
tai^n cong cum nfim 1075 dau nfim 1076
Viphia triiu Ly
Qudn di trilu Ly do Ly Thfldng kit
ebi huy da c h i dpng tlii cfing, tgo ra ylu t l
b i t ngd dH vdi trilu Ting.
Li^c lupng qufin d$i cia Ly ThUdng
Ki$t dfing dao, thi^n chiln, Cho din nay so
Iflpng qudn d$i tham chiln cung chfla bilt
chfnh xfic, cfic thfl tich Trung Qutfc ciing
nhfl Vi^t Nam mdi ehi phdng dofin khoang
tfl 8 vgn (43) dl'n 10 vgn (44).
- Tranh thu, tdn dyng dupe sfl ung hfi
c i a nhfin dfin dia phfldng tgi cfic viing
bfinh qufin vd tgi ndi xay ra chiln tr|tn,
Ngay tfl khi Ly Thfldng Ki^t chUa sang
ddnh Ting, da cfi nhflng nho si trilu Ting
ty nguydn hiln mflu k l vd nh|in Idm ndi

Rguyen nhan va IhiJng lyl...

ing. Dd lfi trfldng hdp c i a Tiin si T i Bd
Tfldng; "Linh Nam Tiin si Tfl Bd Tfldng
thfldng thi khdng d5, nglm gii thfl cho
Giao Chi ring, tidn t b l cia Dgi vfldng vin
ngudi Mdn. Nghe nay cdng khanh quy
nhdn Giao Chi phin nhilu ngfldi Mdn, Bd
Tudng tdi Iflpc khfing kdm ngfldi, mfi khdng
die dung d Trung QuIc, xin dfl^e giip dfldi
quyin Dgi vfldng. Nay nghe din Trung
Quie mud'n c i dgi binh di^t Giao Chi, theo
binh phdp 1dm trfldc ngfldi Id cd y dogt
ngfldi ta, chi bing c i binh mfi efldp trflde,
Bd Tfldng xin 1dm nfii flng. Bdi tbl, Giao
Chi phat dpng dgi binh md vdo efldp ham 3
ehdu Khdm, Liem, Ung..." (45). Khi cfing
phd thdnh Ung chau, Ly Thfldng Kit cflng
dd nhfin dflpc sfl giup dd cia hdng binh
Tridu Tu hiln mflu ke hda cfing vd vic
ding dd't dl dip thdnh cfic ngon n i i dfi't
cung Id phfldng phap cia dfin chung nfldc
Tl'ng mdch bao: "Gdp cd ke bilt phdp thd'
cfing, day gidc nhoi dd't md'y vgn t i i hfldng
phfa thdnh chd't thdnh n i i dUt, khoanh
khfic cao len md'y trflpng. Qudn gidc trdo
Idn de vdo, thfinh hi vfiy hfim" (46).
Viphia triiu Tdng
- Trfldc het la mau thudn n^i bd, nhfi't Ifi
giiia T l tfldng An Thgch vd vdi m$t sd* vidn
dgi thin trong v i ^ bo dyng cac vidn quan
bien trfii, trong mflu do xdm Iflde Dai Vi|t.
- Lflc Iflpng qudn sfl tgi dia phfldng viing
bidn chfla dfldc to chic chdt chd, rfi't nhilu
thanh trgi tgi Quang Tfiy cdn sd sfii, binh
Ifnh khdng d i so', lgi chUa dUpc t|ip luy^n

thfinh thgo, t l chic ky ludt khfing nghidm.

- Cdc quan tfldng trfi'n trj ving bidn bdn
nhit, khfing dfim chiln diu, t i vidn quan
diu tinh nhfl Lflu Di cho din vidn tfldng
Trfldng T h i Tilt khi nghe tin qudn d|i Ly
Thfldng Ki$t td'n cdng khfing ddm dfii diu,
Th4m chf, khi Tfi Gidm elu vi|n, LUu Di
vSn ngdi nghe ngdng, khfing cd nbflng hdnh
d|ng ey tbl, Cd nhflng vidn quan lo sp phai
chiln dd'u da bd nhi^m sd trin di "Hy Ninh
ndm thfl 9, thdng gidng, ngfiy Ky Mao (22
Am ljeh, 29-2-1076) ed chilu: gin dfiy cfi
vi$e qudn d Quang Tdy md ban 10 dfi diu
trgng nlu ngfldi ra sai, md cd ngfldi lgi ty
ti^n rdi khdi ban lfi. Se theo dilu tvt ti$n Iy
quan chd ngfiy binh vide (47), Vide bo sung
eho cfic vidn cai tri dia phfldng vflng bidn
trong thdi gian ed ehiln tranh cung gdp
nhilu khfi khdn, trilu Ting tvflig phai hg
I|nh cudng bflc, bufic cac vifin quan phai
tiep tyc cdng viec khi man ban: "Chilu cho
Quang Nam ddng tdy lfi, edc ndi hi$n
khuylt Tri chau, nlu khfing cd ngfldi muon
din thi se cfldng sai, chd din thay t b l cho
giam 2 nfim ma khdm, lai bl dudng quan
sai khien" (48).
Tdm lgi: Cudc td'n cfing vdo dit Tong do
Ly Thfldng Ki^t chi huy dflpc thfl tich
Trung Qud'c chdp khfi diy di, b l sung thim
nhilu tfl li$u, da phin ndo giip ching ta
phyc dvfng dflpc nguyen nhdn tfi'n cdng
cing qua trinh dien bil"n gidnh thing Ipi
cia qufin dpi trilu Ly vdo cufii ndm 1075
diu 1076,

CHUTHICH
(1). Hoing Xuin Hin; Ly ThUdngKi^t - Lich svt
ngogi giao vd tdng gido triiu Ly, Nxb, S6ng Nhj,
H i Ni, 1949. In trong La SOn Yin Hi Hodng
Xudn Hdn, T.II, TrU^c t i c (Phin 11: Ljeh si), Nxb.
Giio Dvc, H i N$i, 1998.

(2). Hoing Xuin Han. Ly ThUdng Ki^t - LfcA

8& ngogi giao vd tdng gido triiu Ly, add, tr. 348(3). JYung Qude dgi bdch khoa todn thU, Trung
Qu6c Ijch s i , Ban tu dinh 1997, Bic Kinh, 199S.

Rghien ciu Ijch a i . atf 4.2012

32
(4). l^ Dio: TVc tii tri thdng gidm trt/dng biin,
q.244, td 4a, 4b.

(27), Hodng Xuftn Hin, add, tr. 354,

(28), h$ Ddo. add. q.271, td 12b

(6). L^ Dio. sdd, q.244. td 7b.

(29), L^ Dio, add, q.271, td 12b, 13a.

(6). L^ Dio. sdd, q.244, tb 8b.

(30). Ly Dio, sdd, q,271, td 13a.

(7). Ly Dio. add, q.273, ib 17a.

(8). 14 Dio. sdd. q.271, td 6b
(9). Td'ng ai ky s^ bdn mgt- Phtlng Ky nguydn
bifin, Trin Bang Chifim toan t^ip. Tnldng Ph6 lu$n
chinh, ThUdng vy i n thU qu&n, quyin 16, tr. 81.
(10), Ly Dio, sdd. q.271. tc> 16b,
(11). 7^n^ si ky a^t bdn mgt. Ly Dio, sdd,
quyin 15, tr. 81.
(12). L^ Dio. sdd, q,259, ttf 13b
(13). hy Dio. sdd, q.271, tcl ISa.
(14). Ly Dio, add. q.272. tcl 2b.

(31). Sich I^ Tkiidng Ki4t ch^p l i Ding. Hoing

Xuin Hin. sdd.tr. 365.
(32). Ly Dio, sdd, q.271, td 13b.
(33). Ly Dio. sdd. q.271, td 14a.
(34), Ly Dio, add, q.271, td 15b.
(36). LyDio, add, q,273, td 10a,
(36). Dgi Viit sit Ay todn thU. T. 1. tr. 278, ngoii
cich d^c l i Giim. cdn cd cfic cfich dpc khic l i Gifim
nhu trong Ly TkUdng Kiit, tr. 367, hay dpc Ii
Giam nhu trong Viit ai luge. tr. 110, Kkdm dinh
Viit ai thdng gidm cUOng mifc. T. 1, tr. 363.

(15). Ly Dio, sdd. q.259. td 13b.

(37). Hoing Xufin Hfin, add, tr.357,

(16). Ly Dio. sdd. q.271. tb 16b,

(38). Ly Dio, sdd, q.271, td 6b, 78.

(17). Ly Dio. sdd, q.268. tb 13b.

(39). L^ Dio, sdd, q.271, td 7a. 7b.

(18). Ly Dio, sdd, q.269, tcl 23b.

(19). Ly Dio, add. q.270, ttl 2b.

(40). Cfin L6n quan hay c i a ai Cfin Lfin, thu$c

huy$n Tuyin H6a, Nam Ninh. Quang Tfiy.

(20). LJ Dio. sdd. q.270. tb 2b

(41). Ly Dio, add, q.272, td la.

(21), (22), (23). Ly Dio. sdd, q.270, td 5a.

(42), Ly Dio, add, q,272. td 7b, 8a, 8b.

(24). Theo Hoing Xuin H i n phai Ii Trilu

DutJng chfiu (tdc viing Vinh An chfiu, nay 1& Hai
Ninh (Quang Ninh), sich cua Ly Dio d i ch6p sai
thinh H6 DUdng vi t^ d^ng chfl Hfi v i chQ Trilu
tuOng tM nhau). Hoing Xuin Hin. sdd. tr. 364.
(25). Ly Dio. sdd, q.271, tcl 6a
(26). Tdng k^i yiu tdp cdo, Phi6n chf 4, Din
theo: Tidu Dflc H90, Hoing Tranh chu biin: Trung
Viit bUn gidi tU li^u tuyin biin, ThUflng sich, Xi
h^i khoa hpc vfin hiln x u l t b i n xa, Bic Kinh,
1992, tr. 219.

(43). Ly Dfio, sdd, q.271, td 7a. 7b chp: .,. Bdi

thingudi Giao Chi d^i c i 8 v^n qufin hifu.
(44). Khdm dinh Viit ai thdng gidm eUOng
m(ic, T.r. tr.3S0. Dgi Vi^t si ky todn thU. T.I. tr.
278 ddu chip: *^ua bilt tin, aai Ly Thudng Ki^t.
Tdn Dan dem hdn 10 vgn binh di dinh". Nxb.
Khoa hpc xfi hfii. H i N^i, 1998.
(46). Ly Dio, add, q.273, td 17a. 17b,
(46). L^ Dio, add, q.272, td 7b,
(47). Ly Dfio, add, q.272, td 6b.
(48), Ly Dfio, add, q.272, td 7b.