THE ANALYSIS OF PHRASAL VERB USED IN THE JAKARTA POST ECONOMY ARTICLE

DAILY NEWSPAPER
Rully Novianti (09220466)
rullynovianti466@yahoo.com
English Education Study Program Language and Arts Department Sekolah Tinggi Keguruan Dan Ilmu
Pendidikan (Stkip) Siliwangi Bandung
ABSTRACT
The objectives of this research entitled The Analysis of Phrasal Verb Used in the Jakarta Post
Newspaper Economy Article Daily Newspaper were to find out the types, percentage , the total
number , forms of English Phrasal Verb used in Economy Article The Jakarta Post. In this research, the
writer used descriptive qualitative method. The subject of this research were all the texts of economy
article issued since March 22 th March 30th. The instruments that the writer used were the entire
documents. The collected data were indentified, classified, analyzed and interpreted based on McCharty
theory (2007:6) used percentage category by Wrays theory (P=

f
n

x100%). In analyzing phrasal verb,

writer focused on the verb and the particle combination used together. Particle means adverb, preposition or even
adverb and preposition. The results of the research showed that newspaper writer of Jakarta Post rarely used
phrasal verb +object (17 words=(34,69%) , phrasal verb + no object (nul), preposition verb (21 words =
(42,9%), phrasal preposition verb (11 words=(22,44%). The most phrasal verb frequently used in article of
article economy was phrasal preposition verb (42,9%) and the least frequently used was phrasal preposition
verb ( 22,44%).
Key word : Phrasal verb.

A. BACKGROUND
Newspaper is one of media which is
necessary for human life. The
newspaper is the cumulate of news
that can read for looking information.
Usually the newspaper appears every
day with periodical and the contents
about recent topic that the reader
needs.
For
example
about
knowledge, literature, sport, culture,
technique, and so on.
Based on the explanation above it
can be concluded that newspaper is
one of
mass media that has
important
role
in
language
expansion.
Nowdays
many
Newspapers in Indonesia used
English language. Many newspaper
are published in Indonesia such as
Jakarta Globe, Jakarta Post which
one are popular newspaper in
Indonesian. Each newspaper has
different character in their expression
of language. That variety language
style
for
conveying
message
attractively that many people want to

read it.
The existence of
newspaper as a kind of
printed media is still less
intention from people in
obtaining information.
English newspaper is hardly
ever read by Indonesian
citizen. The reason is that the
people do not have knowledge
of
comprehending
many
English lexicons and lack of
acquaintance about Phrasal
verb which is often found in
the
printed
media
and
repeatedly
make
them
confused.
Phrasal verb is an essential
part of spoken and written
English at all levels, and no
student who hopes to master
the language can afford to
overlook them. They are a
very
important
part
of
everyday
English.
Every
student of English needs a
basic understanding of the
most common phrasal verbs
and also the complicated of

non
literal
meaning
or
idiomatic made from phrasal
verbs.
Some phrasal verbs are very
easy
to
understand.
For
example, it is not difficult to
understand sit down or come
in because their meanings are
obvious. But many phrasal
verbs are very idiomatic.
Idiomatic means that there is
no way to know what the verb
and particle mean together by
knowing what the verb and
particle mean separately. To
have understanding of the
text mean, it has to know the
arrangement of the sentence
structure. For example, every
beginning-level,
student
learns what the words call,
run, off, and out mean, but
that does not help the student
to know that call off means
cancel or that run out means
use all of something. There
for, the writer decided to
analyze English Phrasal Verb
Form used in the Jakarta Post.
The present study concerns on
the use of phrasal verb in
Alwasilahs writing in Jakarta
Post, released on March 2013.
Based on the problem above,
we need to find out the best
way to reduce the difficulties.
The paper entitled THE
ANALYSIS
OF
PHRASAL
VERB
USED IN JAKARTA
POST ECONOMY ARTICLE
DAILY NEWSPAPER.
B. LITERATURE REVIEW
a. Definition of phrasal
verb
As any linguistics concepts,
phrasal verb can be defined in
several different ways. Burks
(1980:319) point out that
phrasal
verbs
are
combination plus particles
that regularly occur together.
According
to
McCharty
(2007:6) phrasal verb are
verb that consist of a verb
and a particle ( a preposition
or adverb) or a verb and two

particles (an adverb and

preposition).
Wyatt (2006:3) pointed out
that phrasal verb is a verb
forms from two (or sometimes
three) parts: a verb and an
adverb or a preposition. He
also mentioned that particle
here means adverb and
preposition.
Phrasal verb, in some extent,
is often called by multi words.
Workman (1996:7) states that
multi-word verbs are verbs
that combine with one or two
particles (a preposition and/or
an
adverb).
Greenbaum(1985:347)
declares that phrasal verb is
built between verb and adverb
like drink up, brake down.
They explain, furthermore,
there is another complement
used beside adverb that is
preposition which is called
prepositional
verb.
The
examples
of
prepositional
verb are call on, look at, etc.
According
to
some
explanations above, the writer
concludes that the English
experts are anonymous in
giving description of phrasal
verb. The account of phrasal
verb tends to pay more
attention to the form or word
formation. A verb is becoming
the main intentioned which is
used together in particular
preposition or adverb. The
used of preposition gives a
different
meaning
in
a
particular phrasal verb. The
writer will not elaborate to its
meaning. In the fact, however,
it finally comes about giving in
the meaning also.
b. Properties of phrasal
verbs
Phrasal verb, like another
expressions,
have
many
functions with their unique
forms in a sentence. Burks
(1980:320)
give
specific
information about what are
the properties of phrasal
verbs that writer displayed in
the following description:

1. Tense form and verbal

Phrasal verb can be used
together
with
all
auxiliaries. It means that
phrasal verb can be
functioned with all kinds
of tenses. They occur in
verbal
(participle,
infinitive, and gerund)
form,
transitive
and
passive voice
2. Pattern
Same as other verbs,
phrasal verb is used in
particular
sentence
pattern. Wishon and Burks
(1980:320) explain certain
sentence pattern used in
phrasal verb in three
sentence patterns and
objective cases
c. Phrasal verb clasification
Generally, there is no different
between phrasal verb and
verb relates to its function as
a word class. Quick and
Greenbaum(1985:347) classify
it into three types, they are:
1. Phrasal verb (based on
adverbial case)
Phrasal here means verb plus
adverb only. One common
phrasal verb is transitive and
intransitive
sentence.
Transitive phrasal verb usually
takes a direct object, for
example we will set up the
new unit. In other term, Quick
and Greenbaum (1985:347)
call it as phrasal verb.
There is a question about the
way to write down the particle
(adverb)
and
the
object
whether it is separable or
inseparable. Transitive phrasal
verb that consists of a noun or
noun phrase as the direct
object, it may be written
inseparable, for example she
adds up the total in your head
(verb + adverb + noun{direct
object}).
Phrasal verb which includes
pronoun as the object must be
written separable like she
adds it up the totalin her head
(verb + pronoun {direct
object} + adverb).

2.

Prepositional
verb
(based on prepositional
case)
The forward discussion is
preposition verb which has a
word formation verb and
preposition. Same as phrasal
verb, it concerns to transitive
and intransitive. The form of
transitive is called object of
preposition because it located
after preposition. The object
can be noun or pronoun.
The different of prepositional
verb and phrasal verb is the
particle on which it is able to
determine the meaning on the
text. Prepositional verb must
be written inseparable if the
object is noun or pronoun, for
example: He looked at the girl
(verb + preposition + noun
{separable}), John calls on
her (verb + preposition +
pronoun {separable}). On the
other
hand,
Quick
and
Greenbaum(1985:349)
declares that the other name
of this type is prepositional
verb. They also point out
prepositional verb can be
inserted by adverb after the
verb, as the example they
called early on the man (verb
+ adverb + preposition).

3.

Phrasal
prepositional
verb
(based
on
adverbial
and
prepositional case)

The last part of the discussion

is
called
by
Phrasalprepositional verb on which
the structure of the sentence
inside includes verb, adverb
and preposition at once. Quick
and Greenbaum (1985:347)
declare that the most familiar
name of this type is phrasalprepositional verb.
Different from prepositional
verb, it might take direct
object but or even without
object. The direct object can
be noun, pronoun, noun
phrase
that
might
be

separable or inseparable after

the particle.
Occasionally, it is fused to
determine whether the object
should be written separable or
inseparable. The writer puts
the charts to explain the
separable and inseparable
phrasal-prepositional verb as
follows:
The writer puts the examples
of transitive and intransitive
phrasal-prepositional verb as
follows:
1. Sean began catch on
after
he
read
the
direction
(verb
+
adverb
+
clause
{complement})
2. Sean began to catch on
to the direction (verb +
adverb + preposition +
noun phrase {object})
3. John
called
around
(verb + adverb)
4. John called roundlast
night (verb + adverb +
adverb).
The following chart is a brief
list of transitive, transitive
inseparable,
intransitive
inseparable (never separable).
By no means is this a
complete chart. It is important
to remember that the phrases
can
also
take
idiomatic
meaning.
C. RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
1.

Research Method

The method used in this research

should be the most suitable one in
order to find out the answer to the
statement of the research.
Qualitative researches based on
Fraenkel and Wallen (1990:368) are
concerned with process rather than
simply outcomes or products.
Qualitative research tends to analyze
data inductively. According to Crowl
(1996:196)
qualitative
studies
present findings in the form of a
narrative that describes and discusses
whatever phenomena the researcher
has studied. He (1996:214) also
states that the result of qualitative

research depended too heavily on the

researchers subjective interpretation
to be considered scientific.
Descriptive research is thus a type of
a research that is primarily concerned
with describing the nature or
condition and degree in detail of the
present situation. The emphasis is on
describing than on judging or
interpreting. Although this study
employed a qualitative method, but it
used a simple statistic such as table to
facilitate the description.
Relating to the data, the writer uses he
technique of percentage to analyze the
data. Hence, he used the following
formula that is described as follows:
P=

x 100

As note:
P: The percentage of Phrasal verb
types on each edition.
F: Frequency of Phrasal verb types on
each edition.
N: Sample (the total of Phrasal verb
types on each edition)
2.

Site and Subject

a. Site
Qualitative researchers takes
place in the natural setting. The
qualitative researcher often goes
to the site of the participant to
conduct the research. This
enables the researcher to develop
a level of detail about the
individual or place and to be
highly involved in actual
experiences of the participants.
Creswell (2003:181)
b. Subject
Qualitative researchers look
involment of their subject in data
collection and seek to build
rapport and credibility with the
individuals in the study. Creswell
(2003:181).
In some studies it is appropriate
to include statements about the
researchers past experiences with
the topic, the setting or the
subjects. The site and participant
of this research is all the text of
articles in economy column of
Jakarta Post daily newspaper

which is one of Indonesian

newspaper.
3.

Research Instrument

According to Burns (1995:62)

instrument is a means or an
implementation for precise work and
measuring advice. Fraenkel and
wallen (1990:88) explain that
instrument is the whole of process of
collecting data
To obtain the data of English Phrasal
Verb in The Jakarta Post, the writer
decided to take articles found in The
Jakarta Post.
The instrument of this research is
the article from Jakarta Post
newspaper. The articles that were
chosen were about economic articles.
4. Research

Data

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.

Collection
The collection of data is an extremely
important part of all research effort.
Hence the conclusions of a study are
based on what the data reveal.
Fraenkel and wallen (1990:368) tell
that data refers to kinds of
information researchers obtain on the
subject of their research.
Wiersma (1975:247) declares that
getting the data, there are three kinds
of techniques used in qualitative such
interview, observation and document
collections.
Obtaining the data needed, the writer
searched several documents such
articles that taken from The Jakarta
Post. Then, the writer read the texts,
identified the texts, analyzed the texts
and finally classified the text to three
kinds of phrasal verbs based on Quick
and Greenbaum (1985:347). On this
case, the writer only took the
economic articles. They were
explored from official address of
Jakarta
Post
named
www.thejakartapost.com
5.

phrasal verb in economic column on

the newspaper.
Furthermore, the lexical used in
economic news is more varieties.
Hence, in this research the writer
collected the articles about economic.
Most of them, the news is the hot
issue of the town at the time.
The writer conducted the procedure of
research as follows:

Research Procedure

In acquiring the required data of this

research, the writer chose the
appropriated articles in economic.
They were chosen because the writer
felt that was a challenge to investigate

i.
j.

Determining the title

Arranging a research propostal
of the research
Searching the source about
phrasal verb
Searching economic articles in
Jakarta Postt
Collecting the articles
Signing the articles
Signing the phrasal verb in the
articles
Classifying phrasal verb into its
kind
Analyzing the phrasal verb used
in Jakarta Post
Making a conclusion from all
data that the writer got.

The writer investigated the texts by

reading the texts, identifying the texts,
analyzing the texts and finally
classifying the text to three kinds of
phrasal verbs based on Quick and
Greenbaum (1985:347).
Wray
(1998:en.wikipedia.org/wiki/qualitati
ve/_research,accessed on 15th March
2013, 20.10 P.M) declares about the
theory of
qualitative formula to
facilitate the qualitative research to be
more comprehended as follow:

P=

F
N

x 100

As note:
P: The percentage of Phrasal verb
types on each edition.
F: Frequency of Phrasal verb types on
each edition.
N: Sample (the total of Phrasal verb
types on each edition)
Based on this technique, the writer
finally found the percentage what

types of Phrasal verb used in The

Jakarta Post. The percentage will be
displayed in the next chapter.

Article 4

12

Article 5

Figuring out the answer of the

research question, the data have been
formulated in several steps:

Article 6

1.
2.

the writer analyzed all English

phrasal verbs in table 3.1
the writer analyzed English
phrasal verb according to theory
of Quirk and Greenbaum based
on their types of phrasal verb.

D. FINDINGS
DISCUSSIONS
1. . Result Analysis

Article 7

12

Total

17

21

11

49

17/49
x100
%

21/49
x100
%

11/49
x100
%

100%

=34,69
%

=42,9
%

=22,4
4%

Percenta
ge

To make the steps easier, the writer

gave an additional table that consists
of the data that have been identified
before

Based on the data above, the writer of

article 1 to article 7 in the Editorial
column of Jakarta Post from
Maret22th until 30th 2013, tends to
used preposition verb 42,9%, it shows
that Phrasal verb with partial phonetic
substitution was the most frequently
used and Phrasal preposition verb
(22,44%) was the leastfrequently
used.

AND

Based the formula according

to Sudijono (2009:43)
P = __F__ X 100%

The total percentages calculation from

each edition presented in the
following table:

N
P = aspercentage of English
Phrasal verb

Table 4.12
The Total Percentage Calculation
from Each Edition

F = as frequency of English
Phrasal verb

NO

Data

Words

Phrasal
verb

N = as the total words used in an

editorial (Sudijono, 2009:43)

1.

Article 1

484

2.

Article 2

547

3.

Article 3

417

4.

Article 4

509

12

5.

Article 5

501

6.

Article 6

517

7.

Article 7

693

12

Total

3668

49

Percentage

49 / 3668 x 100% = 1,34%

The total percentages calculation

from each type phrasal verb
presented in the following table:
Table 4.11
The Total Percentages
Calculation from Each Type of
Phrasal verb
Types of Phrasal verb
Data

Type
3

Type
4

Article 2

Article 3

Article 1

Type
1
2

Type
2

From the data above it can be said that

the writer of Jakarta Post article 1 to
article 7 used 49 Phrasal verb or 1,34
% from total word 3668 the writer of

article 1 to article 10 in the Editorial

column of Jakarta Post from
Maret22th until 30th 2013.
a. Discussion
From the findings of the types of
English Phrasal verb, it can be seen
that three types of English
Phrasalverb: Phrasalverb,preposition
verb , Phrasal preposition verb.
Based on the table 4.11 the total
percentages calculation from each
types of Phrasal verb, the writer of
article 1 to article 7 in the Editorial
column of Jakarta Post from
Maret22th until 30th 2013, tends to
used preposition verb
its about
42,9%, it shows that Phrasal verb the
most frequently used and Phrasal
preposition verb (22,44%) was the
least frequently used.
The data displayed that the publisher
always use the phrasal verb whether it
is phrasal verb, prepositional or even
phrasal prepositional verb. Most of
the phrasal verb expressions in the
Jakarta Post were prepositional verb
that consists of verb and preposition.
The phrasal verb usage in this
newspaper is frequently the simple
expression. It facilitates the reader to
comprehend the core of the news
served.
Speaking about phrasal verb, it has a
literal meaning and non literal
meaning that potentially become
idiomatic expression. It is a fused
meaning in order the reader needs to
look up the dictionary to comprehend
the meaning.
The writer found many phrasal verbs
that are easy to understand such as:
compared with, set up to, and looking
at. It facilitates the writer to
understand the meaning and the
purpose where the topic is lead.
The topic, however, consists of many
phrasal verbs that need to check more
investigation because the word is non
literal meaning on which is not able to
translate each word. It usually
depends on the verb followed by each
article like went over, fell after, bring
inflation down.
Yet, the writer found the similarity of
phrasal verb. The used of word order
in phrasal verb did not come out of
verb, adverb and preposition.

E. CONCLUSIONS
SUGGESTIONS
1.

AND

Conclusions

After analyzing and discussing the

data writer could draw some
conclusions as follows:
a) There were 49 phrasal verb used
by the writer in economy in the
editorial column of Jakarta Post
daily newspaper on 22 thuntil 30th
March 2013.
b) Among the 49 phrasal words
used by the writer in economy
article in Jakarta Post they were
devided into four types of phrasal
verb : phrasal verb + object (17
words : 34,69%), phrasal verb +
no object (nul), propositional
verb (21 words :42,9%), Phrasal
preposition verb (11 words :
22,44%).
c) The most frequently types of
phrasal verb used by the writer
was pharasal words type 3
(preposition verb 42,9%).
d) The least frequently types of
phrasal verb used by the writer
was (phrasal preposition verb
22,44%).
2. Suggestion
a. The writer hopes that this paper
can introduce pharasal verb and
types of pharasal verb to the
readers.
b. The writer hopes that in the
future, the other researchers can
conduct the same study on
English phrasal verb finding
different subject of the studies
such as from radio or television.

F. BIBLIOGRAPHY
Burns, Robert. B (1995).
Introduction to: Research
Method:
Melbourne:Longman
Australia
Bolinger,
Dwight.
(1975).
Aspects
of
Languge.
Newyork: Longman Press.

Fraenkel, Jack. R. and Norman.

E. Wallen. (1990), How to
Design
and
EvaluateResearch
in
Education. USA
McCharty, Michael and Felicity
ODell. (1994). Vocabulary
in Use Upper
Intermediate and Advanced.
United
Kingdom:
Cambridge UniversityPress.

Quick, Randolph and Sidney

Greenbaum.
(1985).
A
University Grammar of
Todd, Loreto. (1995). An
Introduction of Linguistics.
Beirut: York Press.
Wiersma,
William.
(1975).
Research
Methods
in
Education:
An
Introduction.Toronto: Allyn
and Bacon.