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Open cycle
Closed cycle
Merits
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Open
cycle
plants
comparatively little space.
6.
occupy
7.
on the rotor.
8.
1.
2.
3.
4.
before it enters the combustion chamber. Therefore, by this process there will
be a saving in fuel used in the combustion chamber ifthe same final temperature
of the combustion gases is to be attained and also there will be a reduction of
waste heat.
25. What are the applications of gas turbine plant?
The major fields of application of gas turbines are:
i) Aviation
ii) Power generation
iii) Oil and gas industry iv) Marine propulsion.
26. List out the various components in a diesel engine power plant.
Components present in the diesel power plant:
Diesel engine
Air filters
Super chargers
Engine starting system
Fuel system
Lubrication system
Cooling system
Governing system
Exhaust system
27. List a few differences between the closed cycle and open cycle gas
turbine power plant.
S.n
Criterion
Closed Cycle Gas Turbine
Open Cycle Gas Turbine
o
It works on open cycle. The fresh
It works on closed cycle. The
charge is supplied to each cycle
Cycle of
working fluid is re-circulated
1
and after combustion and
operation
again and again. It is a clean
expansion. It is discharged to
cycle.
atmosphere.
The gases other than the air
like Helium or Helium-Carbon
Working
Air-fuel mixture is used which
2
dioxide mixture can be used,
fluid
leads to lower thermal efficiency.
which has more favourable
properties.
Since heat is transferred
Since combustion is an integral
externally, so any type of fuel; part of the system thus it
Type of fuel
3
solid, liquid or gaseous or
requires high quantity liquid or
used
combination of these can be
gaseous fuel for burning in a
used for generation of heat.
combustion chamber.
The heat is transferred
Direct heat supply. It is
Manner of
4
indirectly through a heat
generated in the combustion
heat input
exchanger.
chamber itself
The heat can be supplied from
It requires high grade heat
Quality of
any source like waste heat from
5
energy for generation of power
heat input some process, nuclear heat and
in a gas turbine.
solar heat using a concentrator.
High thermal efficiency for
Low thermal efficiency for same
6
Efficiency
given lower and upper
temperature limits.
temperature liquids.
Part load efficiency is less
Part load
7
Part load efficiency is better.
compared to Closed cycle gas
efficiency
turbine.
Size of plant
Blade life
Control on
Better control on power
Poor control on power
10 power
production.
production.
production
11 Cost
Plant is complex and costly.
Plant is simple and less costly.
28. What are the functions of lubrication system?
It is used to reduce friction of moving parts & reduce wear & tear of the engine.
Contains:
Oil pumps
Oil tanks
Filters
Coolers & pipes.
The lubrication system of an engine provides a supply of lubricating oil to the
various moving parts in the engine. Its main function is to enable the formation
of a film of oil between the moving parts, which reduces friction and wear. The
lubricating oil is also used as a cleaner and in some engines as a coolant.
29. Write the classifications of gas turbine.
Open cycle and closed cycle gas turnines.
30. Write two advantages of diesel power plants.
Diesel power plant has some of the following advantages,
1) Mobility as the prime mover is I.C Engine.
2) Able to use for peak load.
3) Less start up time & easily can be located near the load centre.
It has also some of the disadvantages
1) Higher maintenance & lubrication cost.
2) Comparing to coal fired thermal powerplant, Diesel power plant capacity was
limited. India had a largest plant, maximum combined capacity of 200 MW in
Tamilnadu. In the world level Jordan secures the largest of a combined capacity
of 573 MW.
3) Noisier in operation.
30. State the fuels used in the gas turbine power plants.
Gas-Turbine Fuels:
Hydrocarbon gases or liquid petroleum fuel used in gas turbines.
Gaseous fuels such as natural gases are mainly used in gas turbines that power
pumping stations along main gas pipelines.
Liquid fuels are used in gas-turbine-powered transport vehicles (motor vehicles,
locomotives, and ships) and in large stationary gas turbines.
Distillates produced by petroleum distillation and by the processing of products
of cracking, as well as from slow carbonization of mazut and other petroleum byproducts, are among the liquid fuels used in gas turbines.
The main requirements of a gas-turbine fuel are low vanadium content [(2-6)
10-4 percent] and low ash content.
An additive is placed in gas-turbine fuel to reduce corrosion of the blades and to
prevent the deposit of carbon and ash.
Soviet industry produces two types of gas-turbine fuel, which congeal at -5 C
(for gas-turbine engines in locomotives) and -12 C (for other mobile and
stationary gas turbines).
5. Evaporative cooling
50What are the important functions of a lubricating system?
1. Lubricating
2. Cooling
3. Cleaning
4. Sealing
5. Noise absorption
51List the various types of lubricating system used in diesel engine.
1. Mist lubricating system
2. Wet sump lubrication system
3. Dry sump lubrication system
52.What are the starting methods of diesel engine?
1. By an auxiliary engine
2. By an electric motor
3. By compressed air
53.List any four advantages of diesel power plant.
1. It is easy to design and install
2. It is easily available in standard capacities
3. They can respond to load changes
4. They have less stand by losses
54.List any four disadvantages of diesel power plant.
1.High operating cost
2.High maintenance and lubrication cost
3.Capacity is restricted
4.Noise pollution
55.List any four applications of diesel power plant.
1. Used as peak load plants
2. Suitable for mobile plants
3. Used as standby units
4. Used as emergency plant
PART-B
1. Examine the Otto cycle and processes with p-V and T-s diagrams.
2. (a) Describe in detail about diesel cycle.
(b) Examine in detail about dual cycle.
3. (a) Illustrate the Brayton cycle.
(b)Demonstrate the Brayton cycle most suitable for gas turbine power?
4. Explain the layout of a modern diesel power plant showing the
following systems.
a. Air Intake system
b. Cooling system
c. Fuel supply system
d. Lubrication system and
e. Exhaust system.
5. (i) Express the advantages and disadvantages of a diesel power plant
over a gas turbine power plant.
(ii) Give a maintenance schedule for Diesel engine power plant.
6. Explain the working of open cycle and closed cycle Gas turbine power
plant and discuss its advantages and disadvantages.
7. Identify p-v & t-s diagram explain the effect of intercooling,
reheating& regeneration in a gas turbine plant.
8. (i) Describe the classification of gas turbine power plants.
(ii) Tell the advantages and disadvantages of open cycle gas turbine
power plant.
9. Design and explain the layout of a Combined Cycle Power Plant.
10. Quote the application of diesel electric power plant.
11. i) Distinguish between closed cycle and open cycle gas turbine
power plants.
ii) Discuss why combined cycle power generation is so important in
present day energy scenario.
12. Explain the layout of an Integrated Gasifier based Combined Cycle
Power Plant.
13. Discuss the working of a modern gas turbine power plant of
capacity, say 30 MW with an illustration or two.
14. i) Explain in detail about the construction and working of IGCC.
ii) Draw and explain PV and TS diagrams of Brayton cycle.
15. Explain the construction and working of Gas turbine power plant
with a layout.
16. (a) Explain with the help of a block diagram the fuel storage and
supply system of diesel power plant.
(b) Explain with the help of a block diagram the water cooling system of
diesel power plant.
17. (a) Mention the advantages and disadvantages of a diesel power
plant over a gas turbine power plant.
(b) Give a maintenance schedule for Diesel engine power plant.
18. Describe the following systems in brief with respect Diesel Power
Plant.
(a) Fuel storage and supply system
(b) Exhaust system
(c) Lubrication system
19. (a) Draw a neat layout of a diesel power plant and label all the
components.
(b) List the advantages of diesel power plant s over other thermal
power plants.
20. (a) Explain the cooling system of a Diesel power plant.
(b) What are the different types of engines used in Diesel power plants.
21. With a neat sketch explain the working of a simple constant
pressure gas turbine.
Mention its advantages and disadvantages.
22. (a) With help of a block diagram explain the main components of a
open cycle
gas turbine power plant.
(b) Give the classification of gas turbine power plants.
23.Give the advantages and disadvantages of open cycle gas turbine
power plant.