What are your short term / long term goals?

This question will be asked to check how clear you are about the new job. Also this question helps the
interviewer to judge whether your goals are matching with the company requirements or not. Please
remember Goals here means Professional goals not personal goals. I want to start a orphanage or old
age home may be your personal goal and highly appreciable on a personal note but you have to check
how your personal goal aligns with company expectations.

A short term goal is a goal which needs to be achieved usually below one year. A long term goal is a goal
which needs to be achieved in comparatively long time frames, say, 5 years.

As you know, fixing a goal and sticking to it till achieving is not so easy. This demands meticulous
planning and unparallelled dedication from you. So fixing a goal and charting a path to achieve it requires
a frame work.

A goal must be SMART

S - Specific : What do I want to accomplish?, Why I need to accomplish? Who is involved? What are the
requirements? etc questions helps you to be specific about your goal

M - Measurable: I want to become class topper is too vague. But "I want to improve my aggregate by 1%
in the next sem, and 2% in the next sem so that I can reach the top mark of the class" may be a
measurable goal.

A - Attainable : We need to think positively but being realistic is important. For example, I want to become
a CEO of TCS is a good goal, but it takes lot of hardwork, dedication, intelligence etc to achieve that goal.

R - Relevant: As far as career goals are concerned, a personal goal may not be relevant here.

T - Time bound : Clear time limits need to be fixed.

So now we can attempt to answer this question based on the above frame work.
From the TCS website, the career growth of various employees have been given click here

The answers given by these students are selected for one of the IT companies TCS, Wipro, Capgemini.
Use these sample answers and take good points in these to prepare your own answers.

Sample answer 1:
My short term goal is to quickly adapt to the job requirements, and to learn the work quickly. I try to my
level best to become a team lead from assistant system engineer in the next 2 years. My long term goal is
to work in diverse industries to gain maximum exposure. I am also looking forward to having global
exposure and cross functional experiences to make myself professional. I want to become a consultant
for IT services in 10 years time frame.

Sample answer 2:
My short term goal is to get placed in an MNC which gives me job satisfaction and to support my family
financially. And my long term goal is I will do my further studies in the stream of MBA and I want to be in
the Top Level Management.
(The student was asked about a few questions on management after this answer like what is the
difference between manager and leader? Tell me 5 qualities of CEO etc. So be prepared for questions
like this )

Sample answer 3:
My short term objective is to pursue a job in an MNC like TCS and my long term objective is to become a
project manager or something of the sort like the head of team.

Provide your answer to this question in the comments section. If it contains

TCS Interview Questions

(A B.Engg Mechanical student from Panjab University with 6.4 CGPA and
having 87.5 % in 12th and 90 % in 10th standard.)

Technical Interview:

Write a program to find factorial of a number using recursive function.

Describe 2 different ways to concatenate two strings.

Give syntax for SQL and ORACLE joins.

How is modularity introduced in C++?

HR Interview:

Describe your hobbies.

Your working hours might be as long as 14 hrs per day. Do you think you'll be able
manage that?

Are you willing to relocate?

According to you, which profile in our organization matches your skills?

Excerpts from Interview #2:

(A B.Engg. Civil student from Panjab University with profile as 6.9 CGPA and
having 71.4 % in 12th and 89.7 % in 10th.)
Technical interview:

What is the difference between a Stack and a Queue.

Give example to differentiate between call by value and call by reference.

Why the usage of pointers in C++ is not recommended ?

What do you mean by Data mining?

Write a program to reverse a string.

HR Interview:

Tell us something about yourself.

Was asked to give an approach the below problem:

"Let's say that you have 25 horses, and you want to pick the fastest 3 horses out of those
25. In each race, only 5 horses can run at the same time because there are only 5 tracks.
What is the minimum number of races required to find the 3 fastest horses without using
a stopwatch?"

Do you wish to change your domain? If yes, why?

Describe an experience of yours wherein you were asked to do something which you
didn't like to do and how you handled it?

What are your expectations from the company?

Will you be comfortable relocating?

Recommended for Campus Placement Aspirants!!

TCS Technical Questions

1. What is the value of the variable a3 after execution of the following code?
String a1,a2,a3; a1=56 a2=68< a3=a2+a1

6856

5668

124

error

If the int variables int1 and int 1 conatin values 5 and 2 respectively, then the vlue of (double)
(int1/int 2)

0.25

2.0

2.5

 What are th output of following code:

for(x=10;x<+ 50;x+=10) y= x/2; cout<< y ;

25

50

12

10

Write one statement equivalent to the following two statements:

x=sqr(a);
return(x);

return(sqr(a));

Java Interview Questions

1.What is JVM?

255442
The Java interpreter along with the runtime environment required to run the Java application
in called as Java virtual machine(JVM)

2. What is the most important feature of Java?

Java is a platform independent language.

3. What do you mean by platform independence?

Platform independence means that we can write and compile the java code in one platform (eg
Windows) and can execute the class in any other supported platform eg (Linux,Solaris,etc).

4. What is the difference between a JDK and a JVM?

JDK is Java Development Kit which is for development purpose and it includes execution
environment also. But JVM is purely a run time environment and hence you will not be able to
compile your source files using a JVM.

5. What is the base class of all classes?

java.lang.Object

6. What are the access modifiers in Java?

There are 3 access modifiers. Public, protected and private, and the default one if no identifier
is specified is called friendly, but programmer cannot specify the friendly identifier explicitly.

7. What is are packages?

A package is a collection of related classes and interfaces providing access protection and
namespace management.

8. What is meant by Inheritance and what are its advantages?

Inheritance is the process of inheriting all the features from a class. The advantages of
inheritance are reusability of code and accessibility of variables and methods of the super class
by subclasses.

9. What is the difference between superclass and subclass?

A super class is a class that is inherited whereas sub class is a class that does the inheriting.

10. What is an abstract class?

An abstract class is a class designed with implementation gaps for subclasses to fill in and is
deliberately incomplete.

11. What are the states associated in the thread?

Thread contains ready, running, waiting and dead states.

12. What is synchronization?

Synchronization is the mechanism that ensures that only one thread is accessed the resources
at a time.

13. What is deadlock?

When two threads are waiting each other and cant precede the program is said to be
deadlock.

14. What is an applet?

Applet is a dynamic and interactive program that runs inside a web page displayed by a java
capable browser

15. What is the lifecycle of an applet?

init() method - Can be called when an applet is first loaded
start() method - Can be called each time an applet is started.

paint() method - Can be called when the applet is minimized or maximized.

stop() method - Can be used when the browser moves off the applets page.
destroy() method - Can be called when the browser is finished with the applet.

16. How do you set security in applets?

using setSecurityManager() method

17. What is a layout manager and what are different types of layout managers

available in java AWT?

A layout manager is an object that is used to organize components in a container. The
different layouts are available are FlowLayout, BorderLayout, CardLayout, GridLayout and
GridBagLayout

18. What is JDBC?

JDBC is a set of Java API for executing SQL statements. This API consists of a set of classes
and interfaces to enable programs to write pure Java Database applications.

19. What are drivers available?

-a) JDBC-ODBC Bridge driver b) Native API Partly-Java driver
c) JDBC-Net Pure Java driver d) Native-Protocol Pure Java driver

20. What is stored procedure?

Stored procedure is a group of SQL statements that forms a logical unit and performs a
particular task. Stored Procedures are used to encapsulate a set of operations or queries to
execute on database. Stored procedures can be compiled and executed with different
parameters and results and may have any combination of input/output parameters.

21. What is the Java API?

The Java API is a large collection of ready-made software components that provide many
useful capabilities, such as graphical user interface (GUI) widgets.

22. Why there are no global variables in Java?

Global variables are globally accessible. Java does not support globally accessible variables
due to following reasons:
1)The global variables breaks the referential transparency
2)Global variables creates collisions in namespace.

23. What are Encapsulation, Inheritance and Polymorphism?

Encapsulation is the mechanism that binds together code and data it manipulates and keeps
both safe from outside interference and misuse. Inheritance is the process by which one object
acquires the properties of another object. Polymorphism is the feature that allows one
interface to be used for general class actions.

24. What is the use of bin and lib in JDK?

Bin contains all tools such as javac, appletviewer, awt tool, etc., whereas lib contains API and
all packages.

25. What is method overloading and method overriding?

Method overloading: When a method in a class having the same method name with different
arguments is said to be method overloading. Method overriding : When a method in a class
having the same method name with same arguments is said to be method overriding.

26. What is the difference between this() and super()?

this() can be used to invoke a constructor of the same class whereas super() can be used to
invoke a super class constructor.

27. What is Domain Naming Service(DNS)?

It is very difficult to remember a set of numbers(IP address) to connect to the Internet. The
Domain Naming Service(DNS) is used to overcome this problem. It maps one particular IP
address to a string of characters. For example, www. mascom. com implies com is the domain
name reserved for US commercial sites, moscom is the name of the company and www is the
name of the specific computer, which is mascoms server.

28. What is URL?

URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator and it points to resource files on the Internet. URL
has four components: http://www. address. com:80/index.html, where http - protocol name,
address - IP address or host name, 80 - port number and index.html - file path.

29. What is RMI and steps involved in developing an RMI object?

Remote Method Invocation (RMI) allows java object that executes on one machine and to
invoke the method of a Java object to execute on another machine. The steps involved in
developing an RMI object are: a) Define the interfaces b) Implementing these interfaces c)
Compile the interfaces and their implementations with the java compiler d) Compile the server
implementation with RMI compiler e) Run the RMI registry f) Run the application.

30. What is RMI architecture?

RMI architecture consists of four layers and each layer performs specific functions: a)
Application layer - contains the actual object definition. b) Proxy layer - consists of stub and
skeleton. c) Remote Reference layer - gets the stream of bytes from the transport layer and
sends it to the proxy layer. d) Transportation layer - responsible for handling the actual
machine-to-machine communication.

31. What is a Java Bean?

A Java Bean is a software component that has been designed to be reusable in a variety of
different environments.

32. What are checked exceptions?

Checked exception are those which the Java compiler forces you to catch. e.g. IOException are
checked Exceptions.

33. What are runtime exceptions?

Runtime exceptions are those exceptions that are thrown at runtime because of either wrong
input data or because of wrong business logic etc. These are not checked by the compiler at
compile time.

34. What is the difference between error and an exception?

An error is an irrecoverable condition occurring at runtime. Such as OutOfMemory error. These
JVM errors and you can not repair them at runtime. While exceptions are conditions that occur
because of bad input etc. e.g. FileNotFoundException will be thrown if the specified file does
not exist. Or a NullPointerException will take place if you try using a null reference. In most of
the cases it is possible to recover from an exception (probably by giving user a feedback for
entering proper values etc.).

35. What is the purpose of finalization?

The purpose of finalization is to give an unreachable object the opportunity to perform any
cleanup processing before the object is garbage collected. For example, closing a opened file,
closing a opened database Connection.

36. What is the difference between yielding and sleeping?

When a task invokes its yield() method, it returns to the ready state. When a task invokes its
sleep() method, it returns to the waiting state.

37. What is the difference between preemptive scheduling and time slicing?
Under preemptive scheduling, the highest priority task executes until it enters the waiting or
dead states or a higher priority task comes into existence. Under time slicing, a task executes

for a predefined slice of time and then reenters the pool of ready tasks. The scheduler then
determines which task should execute next, based on priority and other factors.

38. What is mutable object and immutable object?

If a object value is changeable then we can call it as Mutable object. (Ex., StringBuffer, ) If
you are not allowed to change the value of an object, it is immutable object. (Ex., String,
Integer, Float, )

39. What is the purpose of Void class?

The Void class is an uninstantiable placeholder class to hold a reference to the Class object
representing the primitive Java type void.

40. What is JIT and its use?

Really, just a very fast compiler In this incarnation, pretty much a one-pass compiler no
offline computations. So you cant look at the whole method, rank the expressions according
to which ones are re-used the most, and then generate code. In theory terms, its an on-line
problem.

41. What is nested class?

If all the methods of a inner class is static then it is a nested class.
42. What is HashMap and Map?
Map is Interface and Hashmap is class that implements that.
43. What are different types of access modifiers?
public: Any thing declared as public can be accessed from anywhere. private: Any thing
declared as private cant be seen outside of its class. protected: Any thing declared as
protected can be accessed by classes in the same package and subclasses in the other
packages. default modifier : Can be accessed only to classes in the same package.

44. What is the difference between Reader/Writer and InputStream/Output Stream?

The Reader/Writer class is character-oriented and the InputStream/OutputStream class is
byte-oriented.

45. What is servlet?

Servlets are modules that extend request/response-oriented servers, such as java-enabled
web servers. For example, a servlet might be responsible for taking data in an HTML orderentry form and applying the business logic used to update a companys order database.

46. What is Constructor?

A constructor is a special method whose task is to initialize the object of its class.
It is special because its name is the same as the class name.
They do not have return types, not even void and therefore they cannot return values.
They cannot be inherited, though a derived class can call the base class constructor.
Constructor is invoked whenever an object of its associated class is created.

47. What is an Iterator ?

The Iterator interface is used to step through the elements of a Collection.
Iterators let you process each element of a Collection.
Iterators are a generic way to go through all the elements of a Collection no matter how it is
organized.
Iterator is an Interface implemented a different way for every Collection.

48. What is the List interface?

The List interface provides support for ordered collections of objects.
Lists may contain duplicate elements.

49. What is memory leak?

A memory leak is where an unreferenced object that will never be used again still hangs
around in memory and doesnt get garbage collected.

50. What is the difference between the prefix and postfix forms of the ++ operator?
The prefix form performs the increment operation and returns the value of the increment
operation. The postfix form returns the current value all of the expression and then performs
the increment operation on that value.

51. What is the difference between a constructor and a method?

A constructor is a member function of a class that is used to create objects of that class. It has
the same name as the class itself, has no return type, and is invoked using the new operator.
A method is an ordinary member function of a class. It has its own name, a return type (which
may be void), and is invoked using the dot operator.

52. What will happen to the Exception object after exception handling?
Exception object will be garbage collected.

53. Difference between static and dynamic class loading.

Static class loading: The process of loading a class using new operator is called static class
loading. Dynamic class loading: The process of loading a class at runtime is called dynamic

class loading.
Dynamic class loading can be done by using Class.forName(.).newInstance().

54. Explain the Common use of EJB

The EJBs can be used to incorporate business logic in a web-centric application.
The EJBs can be used to integrate business processes in Business-to-business (B2B) ecommerce applications.In Enterprise Application Integration applications, EJBs can be used to
house processing and mapping between different applications.

55. What is JSP?

JSP is a technology that returns dynamic content to the Web client using HTML, XML and JAVA
elements. JSP page looks like a HTML page but is a servlet. It contains Presentation logic and
business logic of a web application.

56. What is the purpose of apache tomcat?

Apache server is a standalone server that is used to test servlets and create JSP pages. It is
free and open source that is integrated in the Apache web server. It is fast, reliable server to
configure the applications but it is hard to install. It is a servlet container that includes tools to
configure and manage the server to run the applications. It can also be configured by editing
XML configuration files.

57. Where pragma is used?

Pragma is used inside the servlets in the header with a certain value. The value is of no-cache
that tells that a servlets is acting as a proxy and it has to forward request. Pragma directives
allow the compiler to use machine and operating system features while keeping the overall
functionality with the Java language. These are different for different compilers.

58. Briefly explain daemon thread.

Daemon thread is a low priority thread which runs in the background performs garbage
collection operation for the java runtime system.

59. What is a native method?

A native method is a method that is implemented in a language other than Java.

60. Explain different way of using thread?

A Java thread could be implemented by using Runnable interface or by extending the Thread
class. The Runnable is more advantageous, when you are going for multiple inheritance.

61. What are the two major components of JDBC?

One implementation interface for database manufacturers, the other implementation interface
for application and applet writers.

62. What kind of thread is the Garbage collector thread?

It is a daemon thread.

63. What are the different ways to handle exceptions?

There are two ways to handle exceptions,
1. By wrapping the desired code in a try block followed by a catch block to catch the
exceptions. and
2. List the desired exceptions in the throws clause of the method and let the caller of the
method handle those exceptions.

64. How many objects are created in the following piece of code?
MyClass c1, c2, c3;
c1 = new MyClass ();
c3 = new MyClass ();
Answer: Only 2 objects are created, c1 and c3. The reference c2 is only declared and not
initialized.

65.What is UNICODE?
Unicode is used for internal representation of characters and strings and it uses 16 bits to
represent each other.

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printf("sqr(a)");

return(a*a*a);

printf("%d",sqr(a));

The rand() built in library function

is a true random number generator

returns positive double values

is a pseudo-random number generator

returns a different sequence of values each time it is run.

What is the output of the following code?

x=15;y=0; if(x=10) y=7; else y=1; cout<< y;
o 7
o 0
o 1
o 6

Java Interview Questions

255442
1.What is JVM?
The Java interpreter along with the runtime environment required to run the Java application in called
as Java virtual machine(JVM)

2. What is the most important feature of Java?

Java is a platform independent language.

3. What do you mean by platform independence?

Platform independence means that we can write and compile the java code in one platform (eg
Windows) and can execute the class in any other supported platform eg (Linux,Solaris,etc).

4. What is the difference between a JDK and a JVM?

JDK is Java Development Kit which is for development purpose and it includes execution environment
also. But JVM is purely a run time environment and hence you will not be able to compile your source
files using a JVM.

5. What is the base class of all classes?

java.lang.Object

6. What are the access modifiers in Java?

There are 3 access modifiers. Public, protected and private, and the default one if no identifier is
specified is called friendly, but programmer cannot specify the friendly identifier explicitly.

7. What is are packages?

A package is a collection of related classes and interfaces providing access protection and namespace
management.

8. What is meant by Inheritance and what are its advantages?

Inheritance is the process of inheriting all the features from a class. The advantages of inheritance
are reusability of code and accessibility of variables and methods of the super class by subclasses.

9. What is the difference between superclass and subclass?

A super class is a class that is inherited whereas sub class is a class that does the inheriting.

10. What is an abstract class?

An abstract class is a class designed with implementation gaps for subclasses to fill in and is
deliberately incomplete.

11. What are the states associated in the thread?

Thread contains ready, running, waiting and dead states.

12. What is synchronization?

Synchronization is the mechanism that ensures that only one thread is accessed the resources at a
time.

13. What is deadlock?

When two threads are waiting each other and cant precede the program is said to be deadlock.

14. What is an applet?

Applet is a dynamic and interactive program that runs inside a web page displayed by a java capable
browser

15. What is the lifecycle of an applet?

init() method - Can be called when an applet is first loaded
start() method - Can be called each time an applet is started.
paint() method - Can be called when the applet is minimized or maximized.
stop() method - Can be used when the browser moves off the applets page.
destroy() method - Can be called when the browser is finished with the applet.

16. How do you set security in applets?

using setSecurityManager() method

17. What is a layout manager and what are different types of layout managers available in
java AWT?
A layout manager is an object that is used to organize components in a container. The different
layouts are available are FlowLayout, BorderLayout, CardLayout, GridLayout and GridBagLayout

18. What is JDBC?

JDBC is a set of Java API for executing SQL statements. This API consists of a set of classes and
interfaces to enable programs to write pure Java Database applications.

19. What are drivers available?

-a) JDBC-ODBC Bridge driver b) Native API Partly-Java driver
c) JDBC-Net Pure Java driver d) Native-Protocol Pure Java driver

20. What is stored procedure?

Stored procedure is a group of SQL statements that forms a logical unit and performs a particular
task. Stored Procedures are used to encapsulate a set of operations or queries to execute on
database. Stored procedures can be compiled and executed with different parameters and results and
may have any combination of input/output parameters.

21. What is the Java API?

The Java API is a large collection of ready-made software components that provide many useful
capabilities, such as graphical user interface (GUI) widgets.

22. Why there are no global variables in Java?

Global variables are globally accessible. Java does not support globally accessible variables due to
following reasons:

1)The global variables breaks the referential transparency

2)Global variables creates collisions in namespace.

23. What are Encapsulation, Inheritance and Polymorphism?

Encapsulation is the mechanism that binds together code and data it manipulates and keeps both safe
from outside interference and misuse. Inheritance is the process by which one object acquires the
properties of another object. Polymorphism is the feature that allows one interface to be used for
general class actions.

24. What is the use of bin and lib in JDK?

Bin contains all tools such as javac, appletviewer, awt tool, etc., whereas lib contains API and all
packages.

25. What is method overloading and method overriding?

Method overloading: When a method in a class having the same method name with different
arguments is said to be method overloading. Method overriding : When a method in a class having the
same method name with same arguments is said to be method overriding.

26. What is the difference between this() and super()?

this() can be used to invoke a constructor of the same class whereas super() can be used to invoke a
super class constructor.

27. What is Domain Naming Service(DNS)?

It is very difficult to remember a set of numbers(IP address) to connect to the Internet. The Domain
Naming Service(DNS) is used to overcome this problem. It maps one particular IP address to a string
of characters. For example, www. mascom. com implies com is the domain name reserved for US
commercial sites, moscom is the name of the company and www is the name of the specific computer,
which is mascoms server.

28. What is URL?

URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator and it points to resource files on the Internet. URL has four
components: http://www. address. com:80/index.html, where http - protocol name, address - IP
address or host name, 80 - port number and index.html - file path.

29. What is RMI and steps involved in developing an RMI object?

Remote Method Invocation (RMI) allows java object that executes on one machine and to invoke the
method of a Java object to execute on another machine. The steps involved in developing an RMI
object are: a) Define the interfaces b) Implementing these interfaces c) Compile the interfaces and
their implementations with the java compiler d) Compile the server implementation with RMI compiler
e) Run the RMI registry f) Run the application.

30. What is RMI architecture?

RMI architecture consists of four layers and each layer performs specific functions: a) Application layer
- contains the actual object definition. b) Proxy layer - consists of stub and skeleton. c) Remote
Reference layer - gets the stream of bytes from the transport layer and sends it to the proxy layer. d)
Transportation layer - responsible for handling the actual machine-to-machine communication.

31. What is a Java Bean?

A Java Bean is a software component that has been designed to be reusable in a variety of different
environments.

32. What are checked exceptions?

Checked exception are those which the Java compiler forces you to catch. e.g. IOException are
checked Exceptions.

33. What are runtime exceptions?

Runtime exceptions are those exceptions that are thrown at runtime because of either wrong input
data or because of wrong business logic etc. These are not checked by the compiler at compile time.

34. What is the difference between error and an exception?

An error is an irrecoverable condition occurring at runtime. Such as OutOfMemory error. These JVM
errors and you can not repair them at runtime. While exceptions are conditions that occur because of

bad input etc. e.g. FileNotFoundException will be thrown if the specified file does not exist. Or a
NullPointerException will take place if you try using a null reference. In most of the cases it is possible
to recover from an exception (probably by giving user a feedback for entering proper values etc.).

35. What is the purpose of finalization?

The purpose of finalization is to give an unreachable object the opportunity to perform any cleanup
processing before the object is garbage collected. For example, closing a opened file, closing a opened
database Connection.

36. What is the difference between yielding and sleeping?

When a task invokes its yield() method, it returns to the ready state. When a task invokes its sleep()
method, it returns to the waiting state.

37. What is the difference between preemptive scheduling and time slicing?
Under preemptive scheduling, the highest priority task executes until it enters the waiting or dead
states or a higher priority task comes into existence. Under time slicing, a task executes for a
predefined slice of time and then reenters the pool of ready tasks. The scheduler then determines
which task should execute next, based on priority and other factors.

38. What is mutable object and immutable object?

If a object value is changeable then we can call it as Mutable object. (Ex., StringBuffer, ) If you are
not allowed to change the value of an object, it is immutable object. (Ex., String, Integer, Float, )

39. What is the purpose of Void class?

The Void class is an uninstantiable placeholder class to hold a reference to the Class object
representing the primitive Java type void.

40. What is JIT and its use?

Really, just a very fast compiler In this incarnation, pretty much a one-pass compiler no offline
computations. So you cant look at the whole method, rank the expressions according to which ones
are re-used the most, and then generate code. In theory terms, its an on-line problem.

41. What is nested class?

If all the methods of a inner class is static then it is a nested class.

42. What is HashMap and Map?

Map is Interface and Hashmap is class that implements that.

43. What are different types of access modifiers?

public: Any thing declared as public can be accessed from anywhere. private: Any thing declared as
private cant be seen outside of its class. protected: Any thing declared as protected can be accessed
by classes in the same package and subclasses in the other packages. default modifier : Can be
accessed only to classes in the same package.

44. What is the difference between Reader/Writer and InputStream/Output Stream?

The Reader/Writer class is character-oriented and the InputStream/OutputStream class is byteoriented.

45. What is servlet?

Servlets are modules that extend request/response-oriented servers, such as java-enabled web
servers. For example, a servlet might be responsible for taking data in an HTML order-entry form and
applying the business logic used to update a companys order database.

46. What is Constructor?

A constructor is a special method whose task is to initialize the object of its class.
It is special because its name is the same as the class name.
They do not have return types, not even void and therefore they cannot return values.
They cannot be inherited, though a derived class can call the base class constructor.
Constructor is invoked whenever an object of its associated class is created.

47. What is an Iterator ?

The Iterator interface is used to step through the elements of a Collection.
Iterators let you process each element of a Collection.

Iterators are a generic way to go through all the elements of a Collection no matter how it is
organized.
Iterator is an Interface implemented a different way for every Collection.

48. What is the List interface?

The List interface provides support for ordered collections of objects.
Lists may contain duplicate elements.

49. What is memory leak?

A memory leak is where an unreferenced object that will never be used again still hangs around in
memory and doesnt get garbage collected.

50. What is the difference between the prefix and postfix forms of the ++ operator?
The prefix form performs the increment operation and returns the value of the increment operation.
The postfix form returns the current value all of the expression and then performs the increment
operation on that value.

51. What is the difference between a constructor and a method?

A constructor is a member function of a class that is used to create objects of that class. It has the
same name as the class itself, has no return type, and is invoked using the new operator.
A method is an ordinary member function of a class. It has its own name, a return type (which may be
void), and is invoked using the dot operator.

52. What will happen to the Exception object after exception handling?
Exception object will be garbage collected.

53. Difference between static and dynamic class loading.

Static class loading: The process of loading a class using new operator is called static class loading.
Dynamic class loading: The process of loading a class at runtime is called dynamic class loading.
Dynamic class loading can be done by using Class.forName(.).newInstance().

54. Explain the Common use of EJB

The EJBs can be used to incorporate business logic in a web-centric application.
The EJBs can be used to integrate business processes in Business-to-business (B2B) e-commerce
applications.In Enterprise Application Integration applications, EJBs can be used to house processing
and mapping between different applications.

55. What is JSP?

JSP is a technology that returns dynamic content to the Web client using HTML, XML and JAVA
elements. JSP page looks like a HTML page but is a servlet. It contains Presentation logic and business
logic of a web application.

56. What is the purpose of apache tomcat?

Apache server is a standalone server that is used to test servlets and create JSP pages. It is free and
open source that is integrated in the Apache web server. It is fast, reliable server to configure the
applications but it is hard to install. It is a servlet container that includes tools to configure and
manage the server to run the applications. It can also be configured by editing XML configuration files.

57. Where pragma is used?

Pragma is used inside the servlets in the header with a certain value. The value is of no-cache that
tells that a servlets is acting as a proxy and it has to forward request. Pragma directives allow the
compiler to use machine and operating system features while keeping the overall functionality with the
Java language. These are different for different compilers.

58. Briefly explain daemon thread.

Daemon thread is a low priority thread which runs in the background performs garbage collection
operation for the java runtime system.

59. What is a native method?

A native method is a method that is implemented in a language other than Java.

60. Explain different way of using thread?

A Java thread could be implemented by using Runnable interface or by extending the Thread class.
The Runnable is more advantageous, when you are going for multiple inheritance.

61. What are the two major components of JDBC?

One implementation interface for database manufacturers, the other implementation interface for
application and applet writers.

62. What kind of thread is the Garbage collector thread?

It is a daemon thread.

63. What are the different ways to handle exceptions?

There are two ways to handle exceptions,
1. By wrapping the desired code in a try block followed by a catch block to catch the exceptions. and
2. List the desired exceptions in the throws clause of the method and let the caller of the method
handle those exceptions.

64. How many objects are created in the following piece of code?
MyClass c1, c2, c3;
c1 = new MyClass ();
c3 = new MyClass ();
Answer: Only 2 objects are created, c1 and c3. The reference c2 is only declared and not initialized.

65.What is UNICODE?
Unicode is used for internal representation of characters and strings and it uses 16 bits to represent
each other.

dentifying your skills

It is important that you identify and appreciate what you consider to be your skills, abilities and personal qualities. Only
when you do this can you then confidently demonstrate these on your CV and be able to market yourself effectively to
potential employers.

An added advantage of assessing yourself is that you will be able to identify your weaknesses, and thereby plan to imp
and upgrade them.

Being able to communicate your work experience and knowledge to an employer and also match their requirements is v
little time and effort to assess yourself it will be easier later on for you to match and demonstrate your abilities to the n

What is a skill
A skill is something that you are good at doing, it could come naturally to you or be something you have learnt through
can go along way to helping you get the job you want.

How to assess your skills

Start off by creating a list on a piece of paper of what you believe you are good at. Do this by reviewing your current an
skills you have gained, put them under different topics headings.

List what you have achieved to date and those points you feel you did well in and can demonstrate, give examples of an

Your qualifications and training

List in detail all of the training and qualifications that you have gained. Academic qualifications are a demonstration of y
you when applying for jobs.

Job related skills

These are pretty self explanatory, if you have a skill that is related to the job you are after then highlight it. A very simp
experienced architect and was going to apply for a architects vacancy.
Specialist skills
If you are a specialist on one particular or have a particular expertise then focus on that.

Generalist skills
These are qualities that most people could have, but which you could mention to show yours are better than others. A g
skills, for instance if you were a architect you could say you:

Having the ability to relay technical data to non technical work colleagues.

Other generalist skills sets could be:

Problem solving.

Critical thinking.

Able to work as part of a team.

Ability to promote change.

Organisational skills.

Able to develop ideas.

For instance if you are a sales person then you would create a heading under sales skills. Then under this you would re
career and the different products or services you have sold. So if you were employed in Company A selling car insuranc
one of your strengths.

Identifying the skills a employer wants

Look at the job advert and read it carefully, look for keywords that describe the skills and capabilities that a employer is
develop your CV or covering letter around the relevant skills that are required and highlight them in your CV. If in your
that you have the qualities and capabilities they are looking for then you have a good chance of being successful in you

Transferable skills
These are skills in one particular work environment that you can take with you from one employer to another. For insta
a garage then you can get a job in another garage and of course you will take your skills with you. So you have in effec
another one. Below are a list of some transferable skills:

Reporting information.

Speaking effectively.

Providing feedback.

Defining needs.

Motivating.

Decision making.

Enforcing policies.

Tell me about yourselfWays to answer this

interview question

This ice-breaking yet important question has a way of making candidates blurt
out their life stories. But is that what potential employers want to hear?

Carole Martin, Monster Contributing Writer

It's one of the most frequently asked interview questions: Tell me about yourself. Your
response to this request will set the tone for the rest of the interview. For some, this is
the most challenging question to answer, as they wonder what the interviewer really
wants to know and what information they should include.

When an interviewer says, "Tell me about yourself," the interviewer wants information
that is pertinent to the job you're interviewing for.
Eleanor dreaded this question. When it was the first one asked at her interview, she
fumbled her way through a vague answer, not focusing on what she could bring to the
job.
"I'm happily married and originally from Denver," she began. "My husband was
transferred here three months ago, and I've been getting us settled in our new home.
I'm now ready to go back to work. I've worked in a variety of jobs, usually customer
service-related. I'm looking for a company that offers growth opportunities."
The interview went downhill after that. She had started with personal information and
gave the interviewer reason to doubt whether she was an employee who would stay for
very long.

She's married, and when her husband gets transferred that means she has to leave;
she did it once and can do it again.

She has some work experience with customers but didn't emphasize what she did.

She is looking to grow. What about the job she is applying for? Will she stay content
for long?

The secret to responding to this free-form request successfully is to focus, script

and practice. You cannot afford to wing this answer, as it will affect the rest of the
interview. Begin to think about what you want the interviewer to know about you.

Focus
List five strengths you have that are pertinent to this job (experiences, traits, skills, etc.).
What do you want the interviewer to know about you when you leave?
Eleanor is strong in communications and connecting with people. She has a strong
background and proven success with customer relationships. Her real strength is her
follow-through. She prides herself on her reputation for meeting deadlines.

Follow your script

Prepare a script that includes the information you want to convey. Begin by talking
about past experiences and proven success:
"I have been in the customer service industry for the past five years. My most recent
experience has been handling incoming calls in the high tech industry. One reason I
particularly enjoy this business, and the challenges that go along with it, is the
opportunity to connect with people. In my last job, I formed some significant customer
relationships resulting in a 30 percent increase in sales in a matter of months."
Next, mention your strengths and abilities:
"My real strength is my attention to detail. I pride myself on my reputation for following
through and meeting deadlines. When I commit to doing something, I make sure it gets
done, and on time."
Conclude with a statement about your current situation:
"What I am looking for now is a company that values customer relations, where I can
join a strong team and have a positive impact on customer retention and sales."

Practice
Practice with your script until you feel confident about what you want to emphasize in
your statement. Your script should help you stay on track, but you shouldn't memorize it
you don't want to sound stiff and rehearsed. It should sound natural and
conversational.
Even if you are not asked this type of question to begin the interview, this preparation
will help you focus on what you have to offer. You will also find that you can use the
information in this exercise to assist you in answering other questions. The more you
can talk about your productyouthe better chance you will have at selling it.
Like what youve read? Join Monster to get personalized articles and job recommendations
and to help recruiters find you.

Related Articles

10 most common interview questions

Here are the most common interview questions you can expect to be asked in
your interview and advice on how you can craft effective responses.

Carole Martin, Monster contributing writer

Too many job seekers stumble through interviews as if the common questions are
coming out of left field. But many interview questions are to be expected. Study this list

and plan your interview answers ahead of time so you'll be ready to deliver them with
confidence.

1. What are your weaknesses?

This is the most dreaded question of all. Handle it by minimizing yourweakness and
emphasizing your strengths. Stay away from personal qualities and concentrate on
professional traits: "I am always working on improving my communication skills to be a
more effective presenter. I recently joined Toastmasters, which I find very helpful."

2. Why should we hire you?

Summarize your experiences: "With five years' experience working in the financial
industry and my proven record of saving the company money, I could make a big
difference in your company. I'm confident I would be a great addition to your team."

3. Why do you want to work here?

The interviewer is listening for an answer that indicates you've given this some thought
and are not sending out resumes just because there is an opening. For example, "I've
selected key companies whose mission statements are in line with my values, where I
know I could be excited about what the company does, and this company is very high
on my list of desirable choices."

4. What are your goals?

Sometimes it's best to talk about short-term and intermediate goals rather than locking
yourself into the distant future. For example, "My immediate goal is to get a job in a
growth-oriented company. My long-term goal will depend on where the company goes. I
hope to eventually grow into a position of responsibility."

5. Why did you leave (or why are you leaving) your job?
If you're unemployed, state your reason for leaving in a positive context: "I managed to
survive two rounds of corporate downsizing, but the third round was a 20% reduction in
the workforce, which included me."

If you are employed, focus on what you want in your next job: "After two years, I made
the decision to look for a company that is team-focused, where I can add my
experience."

6. When were you most satisfied in your job?

The interviewer wants to know what motivates you. If you can relate an example of a job
or project when you were excited, the interviewer will get an idea of your preferences. "I
was very satisfied in my last job, because I worked directly with the customers and their
problems; that is an important part of the job for me."

7. What can you do for us that other candidates can't?

What makes you unique? This will take an assessment of your experiences, skills and
traits. Summarize concisely: "I have a unique combination of strong technical skills, and
the ability to build strong customer relationships. This allows me to use my knowledge
and break down information to be more user-friendly."

8. What are three positive things your last boss would say about you?
It's time to pull out your old performance appraisals and boss's quotes. This is a great
way to brag about yourself through someone else's words: "My boss has told me that I
am the best designer he has ever had. He knows he can rely on me, and he likes my
sense of humor."

9. What salary are you seeking?

It is to your advantage if the employer tells you the range first. Prepare by knowing the
going rate in your area, and your bottom line or walk-away point. One possible answer
would be: "I am sure when the time comes, we can agree on a reasonable amount. In
what range do you typically pay someone with my background?"

10. If you were an animal, which one would you want to be?
Interviewers use this type of psychological question to see if you can think quickly. If you
answer "a bunny," you will make a soft, passive impression. If you answer "a lion," you
will be seen as aggressive. What type of personality would it take to get the job done?
What impression do you want to make?

Like what youve read? Join Monster to get personalized articles and job
recommendationsand to help recruiters find you.
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Related Articles

Tell us about yourself

Tips for answering this
interview question
By | November 15, 2012

This article is based on the free

eBook Time to get hired
No matter what kind of job youre after, you will be asked to talk about
yourself in the interview. This allows the company to evaluate whether
your professional and personal qualifications are suited to the job.
This is your opportunity to make a positive impression. Its important that
you spend the time talking about your qualifications and present yourself
in a positive light.

Avoid repetition and practise

This should only take a few minutes, so you must be prepared to talk
about yourself and your background without trying to say too much. Its a
very good idea to write down a few keywords and follow the points
youve thought about in advance. This will help you to avoid repetition
and include all of the important details.
Always remember to practise what you want to say. You may want to ask
someone you know your spouse, partner or a friend if theyll listen to
what you intend to say. This will let you practise your presentation and
assess how it sounds.
If you have not prepared in advance, the chances are that, after the
interview, you will be left thinking, e.g. I didnt get to mention my
strengths.
Use the template below for your preparations
A little bit about your personal life:
Age, marital status, where you live
Work experience
Your education and training
Find more interview tips here
Time to get hired
Time to get hired is a step-by-step booklet that helps you to understand what it
takes to land a new job through alternative channels that applying as a
response to a job ad.

Email Address

Download!
Which companies have you worked for?
Your qualifications for this job
Professional qualifications for the job
Personal qualities in relation to job

When you talk about yourself and your background, talk about the
positives in terms of work experience, professional skills and human
qualities.
Leave out stories about your former boss treating you badly, etc. Or that
because of the heavy workload and poor working environment you were
off sick for a prolonged period.
All of this may well be true and be a part of your background, but keep
your eyes on the goal. Talk about your qualifications for this job. You
dont want your prospective future boss to sit there thinking, I dont want
him/her talking like that about me some day!
After your presentation, the company will usually ask you some
questions.
If you are only being interviewed by a department head, the questions
will largely be work-related (e.g. How many years experience do you
have in a particular area?, How long did your previous job last?) and
about whether you have experience with particular types of work.
Questions to expect from a head of department:
What do you know about our company?
Why do you want to work for us?
What can you bring to the table that others cant?
What do you think is the most and least attractive aspect of the
job?
Why should we take you on?
What aspects of a job are most important to you?
What do you think the job will consist of?

 Where do you see yourself in five years?

What are your pay expectations?
How flexible are you?
If an HR officer is present, be prepared for some softer and broader
questions as they judge whether youre the right person in relation to the
job, the staff and the company.
Questions to expect from an HR officer:
Who are you?
What are your strengths/ weaknesses?
Would you mind taking a test?
Were you sacked from your last job? Why?
What do you understand by a good working relationship?
What do you think of your current boss?
What would your former colleagues say about you?
How is your financial situation?
How many sick days have you had in the last year?
Are you willing to take further training?
What do you do in your spare time?
We recommend that you prepare your answers to these questions in
advance. If you are asked an uncomfortable question, its best to avoid
having to think of an answer during the actual interview. You risk being

unable to explain yourself properly. You dont want to walk away thinking
that you didnt make the right impression.
There are many more tips on how to prepare for an interview. If you are
keen to learn more about the application process, have a look at the free
eBook Time to get hired written by EmploymentCare.
Download Time to get hired right here
You might also find these books interesting...

1.
Time To Find A New Job

2.
How to Excel at Interviews

26

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If you have any good answers to the following HR questions, please send
to srk7774@gmail.com

Tell me about yourself?

What is your hobby?
What are your short term / Long term goals?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
What would you do If you are not selected for this job?
Why TCS?
If you could start your life over, what would you change ?
Tell me something about yourself which is not there in your resume / CV
Are you willing to relocate?
On a scale of one to ten, rate me as an interviewer
Who is your role model? or Who has inspired you in your life and why?
Would you lie for a company?
What do you think it takes to be successful in this career ?

Describe your ideal company, location and job ? What kind of job do you like ?
Can you work under pressure? or How do you handle pressure at work?
How your college life helped you to be employable?
Why should I hire you?
How do you deal conflicts? or Think of a situation where you handled a
conflict successfully?
Tell me about something you did-or failed to do-that you now feel a little
ashamed of.
Why did you apply for this job?
If you won $10 million or 10 crore, would you still work?
What is your most embarrassing moment ? How did you deal with it ?
Tell me about a situation when your work was criticized ?
How do you define Success?
Do you prefer to work independently or on a team?
30 additional Most important HR interview Questions with answers
What is an interview? - Understand why interview is an important selection
tool and How to prepare

Tell me about yourself

Guidelines to answer this question:
1. Highlight your academic achievements.
2. Add your family details only when they asked.
3. Don't promise what you do if given a job, but expose your achievements.
4. Highlight any prizes you won.
5. Mention any prizes won for your paper presentations in various events.
6. Show how your personality has been shaped by relevant examples.

Read this section before you prepare your answer: Click Here

The answers given by these students are selected for one of the IT companies TCS, Wipro, Capgemini.
Use these sample answers and take good points in these to prepare your own answers.

Sample Answer 1:
I am Srujana. I am a person with a lot of enthusiasm to learn new things and I follow the motto Live Life
to the Fullest. I mainly believe that hard work really matters in our progress. With my hard work I was in
the top 5 in the school. I continued this hard work and perseverance even in the later stage, so I stood as
a topper in the intermediate and mine was the best EAMCET rank in the college, which led me to join in
the reputed institution JNTU, KAKINADA College of Engineering. But it didnt obstruct me to go for other
activities like participating in several dance competitions and in skits which were held during annual day
celebrations in school and college. I also learnt violin for few days but due to some reasons I dropped it. If
I have a chance I will continue this in the future. I have presented technical papers during my B.Tech. 2nd
and 3rd year. During the technical fest held in our college, I took part in the QUIZ committee and I
conducted stalls with my own initiation. I am mainly interested in watching films and I love to listen songs
(Filmy) in my leisure time.

Sample Answer 2:
This is Sravanthi. I am pursuing final year B.Tech. in the department of Electronics and communication
Engg., in University College of Engg., of JNTUK. I was into this esteemed university, with my hard work,

intelligence and commitment, with a good EAMCET Rank. I have maintained consistency in academics
since my schooling and I used to be in the top of the batch. I maintained this performance even in my
graduation; I am in the top 10 in the class. Though I am strong in my academics, I had no interest in
general reading, but I have developed this habit for past 1 year. The books inspired me the most are The
Monk Who Sold his Ferrari by Robin Sharma and The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho. My favorite author is
Chetan Bhagat. Coming to my objectives in life, My family has inculcated the motto Live and Let Live into
my life which made my objective as starting an organization for Deaf and Dumb by introducing
sophisticated equipment to make them normal and I provide this at the optimum cost to the needy. I am
fully committed to achieve this objective as I have got the direct exposure to the obstacles faced by these
people in leading their lives from my childhood, as my sister is facing the same problem.

Sample Answer 3:
Good Morning Sir.This is Dheeraj pursuing my B.Tech final year from Pragati Engineering College. I've
studied in various schools in various towns which gave me a chance to observe various things like
customs , languages etc. Once while I'm in my 6th class one of the student from my school got prathiba
award which inspired and motivated me in such a way that I worked hard & I too secured Prathiba award
by standing 2nd position in the West Godavari district. From there onwards I do started to maintain a
constant academic record to maximum extent possible. My hobbies are reading books and following
current affairs.

Sample Answer 4:
I am Ravi Kiran. I am currently pursuing my B.Tech Final Year in E.C.E stream. During my academic
career I had participated in many competitions and events achieved many prizes. During my B.Tech I had
given paper presentations in various colleges. One of the best is my paper presentation on Global

Positioning Systems for which I secured the FIRST Prize. I had participated in my college events every
year and I was appreciated for my services as volunteer in my 1st and 2nd years. In the 3rd year of the
event I had worked as a Designer and Team Manager. In my school days I stood among top 5 students in
my class. I secured 4th place in my class VII Public Exams and 2nd in my class X Board Exams. I
secured 78th rank in a District level Competitive Exam in my X class. Not only in academic events but
also in sports and competitions conducted in various Schools and Institutions I secured many prizes. I
secured FIRST prize in CHESS competition and RUNNERS Prize in KHOKHO and QUIZ conducted in
my school. I secured RUNNERS prize in SHUTTLE competition. I was selected for a display in an
exhibition behalf of my school. I am a LEVEL 2 contributor for Yahoo Answers in the field of
COMPUTERS.

Sample Answer 5:
Hello sir,This is Avinash. My parents put my name as Avinash because, it means immortal. They hope
that whatever happen i must be safe. From childhood onwards i was enthusiastic about new things and i
was merit student from childhood. I topped several times in school.I secured first place in Ramanujan
state mathematics competition twice. From childhood i like mathematics very much that's why I took
MPC group in intermediate. Actually I studied up to 10th class in non english medium, but when i joined
in intermediate in English medium i was panic and not comfortable and i take Three weeks to settled
there. After that i never feel nervous.At that time my cousin got the job in HCL in Chennai and he told me
that how he did the hard work more than enough to get the job because of lack of skills. So better to
improve your skills from the starting of B.Tech if you want to settle in software or hardware side.But don't
neglect that one,if you think that before one month by hearting something is impossible. By his guidance i
was change my attitude according to career.

Sample Answer 6:
This is Sree Harsha From my childhood i like to participate in talent events as such i participated in
District science fair & bagged Second prize.It is then i understood the importance of practical knowledge
in our life.I participated in various technical events right from my first year & bagged lots of exposure to
team events.With that as the basis i designed a website for college technical event . At the same time I
learned the tech information such as resolving problems regarding computer hardware,software,Virus
coding ,Hacking & many tips to improve computer or internet speed and details regarding the system.I
also participated in Teaser round of Aspirations2020 conducted by infosys & was shortlisted to participate
in college round.

Sample Answer 7:
I am Keerthi. My mother is a teacher and i lost my father when i was small. My mom being a teacher used
to tell me the importance of studies. This developed in me a natural interest towards study. I was among
the top 5 during my school days. But this never made me a bookworm. I used to participate in the cultural
programs conducted on teacher's day, independence day and annual day. I took part in many dance
programs and skits. I was the part of the organizing committee too. I learnt classical dance for few years
and gave many stage shows during festivals. I have a lot of perseverance and i never get deterred by the
failures. In my 10th class even though I was among the top students in my school, my score was less
when compared to other school students . It was disappointing but my confidence was never shattered. In
fact this failure instigated me to work much more harder and by the dint of my effort I was the topper of
my college during intermediate. From this experience, I learnt not to get disheartened by failures and
carried away by the success. Whenever I find time I watch movies and listen songs. Especially I watch
movies which are very innovative like Transformer, Narnia. Recently I have started reading books. One of
the book which inspired me a lot is 'The Magic Of Thinking Big'.

Sample Answer 8:
My name is Lakshmi Gayatri. My father is working in APSRTC and my mother is house wife. In my
childhood my father used to tell the importance of education. So i have lot of passion towards my
education My native place is tandrangi village in vizianagaram and We moved to vizianagaram because
of my education. .I stood at top 5 places during school days.With my hard work and encouragement of
teachers I got 738 rank in EAMCET. It is the best rank in my family and its my biggest achievement. I
have joined ECE in JNT university college of engineering Kakinada. My strengths are confidence and
commitment towards my work. My weakness is my hand writing.. My hobbies are watching TV and
listening songs.my goal is to get a job and reaching higher positions in this organization.

Sample

Answer

9: (by

Sontyana

Roja)

I am roja currently pursuing B tech final year in ece stream. My biggest strength is my hardwork. With my
hardwork,commitment to work only I was in the top 5 in my school. I continued the same hardwork and
determination even in later stages. It led me to get into a well reputated college like GMRIT. I am from
telugu medium background because of my lacking in speaking skills i missed so many opportunities. That
day I remember in my life when i was not able to introduce myself to class and so many were laughing at
me with my rubbish english . But I have a strong desire to improve my speaking skills .In one of movie
"happy days" a student came from telugu medium background he feel nervous to talk to his friends at
begining. but finally he got job with good speaking skills than other people who good in english . i have
learn so many things from my college like how I can easily mingle with others and time management ,how
we respect ourselves. I am the person who always believing my self and confident about what I believe.
My motto in my life was one of the inspiring quote by swami vivekananda. "Arise , Awake until you reach
your goal" . I used to spent my free time to collect inspiring quotations and listening music which give
relief

to

the

mind.

Sample

Answer

10:

I am pranith, I have completed my B'Tech in the department of Electronics and communication in Aurora's
technological and research Institute. I have maintained consistency in my graduation thats why got 74%
in my graduation. I have participated in some tech fests in our college and i stood third in Tech quiz and
also stood first in a course conducted by C-DAC which is on Digital System Design. My greatest strength
is my Hard work and my consistency is the reason to get first place in Digital System Design. My hobbies
are watching cricket and playing chess and my goal is to get a job and to reach higher position in a
organisation

Provide your answer to this question in the comments section. If it contains any mistakes we correct it.
And if it receives good number of votes, we put your answer along with your name in this page for others
reference.

What is your hobby or interest?

Hobby or interest is where we seek pleasure apart from our profession. A person who follows a hobby
seriously called afficionado.

You are expected to answer a few questions related to their profession or personal life like Date of birth,
Spouse name, their first movie, most successful movie, upcoming movie etc. These questions may not
be answered easily by others who are not following these actors. So Interviewers check how serious you
are by asking a few questions on your hobby. And you are expected to answer most of these questions.
If not, The interviewer believes that you perform things superficially and don't go into depths. Similarly, If
you are given a job, you just perform things just for the job sake, but may not going to show
any interest to learn more about it.

Guidelines to Answer this question:

1. If your hobby is book reading, read some serious books. A few fictions may not suffice. What
books you have to read. Books written by Dr.Abdul kalam (Wing of fire, Ignited minds), Mr.Nandan
Nilekani (Imagining India), Robert covey (7 habits of highly effective people) etc.

2. If your hobby is singing, ready to sing a few songs sung by your favorite singer!

3. If your hobby is playing cricket, be abreast with latest happenings in the cricketing world. Don't
forget to learn about your favorite cricketer

The answers given by these students are selected for one of the IT companies TCS, Wipro, Capgemini.
Use these sample answers and take good points in these to prepare your own answers.

Sample Answer 1:
My hobbies are watching movies and listening to music. I also do fabric painting and embroidery work on
the saris.

Sample Answer 2:
My hobbies is sketching. I also love to Cook. I read books in my spare time. I am also interested in
Gardening.

Sample Answer 3:
My hobbies are surfing internet & chat with my friends about some thing which is interesting at that
particular point of time.

Sample Answer 4:
My hobbies are solving puzzles especially I like Sudoku, watching movies, listening music, computer

gaming, learning about computers, surfing the internet, drawing, reading fantasy stories and many other
things. I like having chatter with friends and my parents about their past events and discuss about future
plans.

Sample Answer 5:
I usually surf internet & chat with my friends about some thing which is interesting at that particular point
of time.

Sample Answer 6:
My hobby is listening to music especially rocking music,surfing Hollywood movies on net and chitchatting
with my parents and friends.

Sample Answer 7:
My hobbies are surfing net about latest technologies in electronics & various other activities like studying
HTML & PHOTO SHOP lectures online. I also answer the questions posed by various people online in
Yahoo Answers portal in the category of computers & internet. I am a level 3 answerer with 12% best
answers in that portal.

Sample Answer 8:
My hobbies are watching movies and listening to songs. Especially I watch movies which are very
innovative like Transformer, Narnia. Recently I have started reading books. One of the book which
inspired me a lot is 'The Magic Of Thinking Big'.

Sample Answer 9:
Playing chess and also participating in chess competitions held in our college every year.

Sample Answer 10 : (By Rupesh Kumar)

I usually surf Internet for knowing the latest advancements in the field of mobile and computing including
software. I also like to answer the queries of people in various discussion forums.

Why TCS / Infosys or any other IT company?

We understood that from our first article "What is an interview?", companies are on the constant look out
for people who are genuinely interested to work with the company but not just for money. If you are
applying for a company only because it makes you financially strong in the long run, the recruiters have a
serious doubt on their mind that tomorrow if you are offered a good package you leave the company. So
apart from the money and job security, what really makes you to apply for this position?
Guidelines to answer this question:
1. Goto company website and study their recent projects related to your background.
2. Contact your seniors and ask what is so special about the company.
3. Check how the company helps you achieve your career goals and how you can help the
company grow
4. Don't praise the company.

The answers given by these students are selected for one of the IT companies TCS, Wipro, Capgemini.
Use these sample answers and take good points in these to prepare your own answers.

Sample Answer 1:
Sir, I have seen from the website that TCS provides tremendous growth opportunities for its
employees. I think this is the place where I just like to work as I always like to take inititation and try
to utilize the opportunites provided to me. Apart from that, It also gives me a chance to work with
diverse work groups and to improve my cross functional experience. In addition to that, I would like
to improve on my education qualifications with the help from TCS ongoing education programs. That
is why, I would like to apply for TCS.

Sample Answer 2:

As I am a fresher, I need to get the sufficient skills to enter this competitive world. I chose TCS as the best
option because TCS is known for its excellent training program and through this training I can enhance
my skills accordingly.

Sample Answer 3:

As I am new to the Corporate Environment, I chose TCS, one among the leading MNCs, which enhances
the skills and abilities of their employees by its good training.

Sample Answer 4:

I pursue a job with your Organization mainly due to 3 reasons.

1)

I will be very much glad if I am doing a software job in a prestigious organization because of my

interest in computers.
2)

By joining into a company like xyz company which gives importance to morals and ethics and which

was well established, I believe my future will be safe and secure as the companys.
3)

As your company have many branches all over the world, so I may get a chance of exposure to

various corporate cultures and opportunity to work for my company staying abroad.
That is why I pursue a job with your organization.

Sample Answer 5:

I hope that TCS is the best organisation to start my career and it helps me in such a way that if i am
starting my career in MNC's like TCS definitely i have better future.And i came to know that in TCS way of
treating the freshers was good.

your organization is providing Research & Development in Engineering & Industrial services apart from
Aerospace & Telecom.So being a graduate in Electronics & communication i would like to pursue a job in
ur organization because i feel that this might help me implement all the knowledge that i acquired in my
life into the realtime projects such as developing new product with low cost which your organization is
alredy dealing with.Moreover ur's is my dream company .

Sample Answer 6:
The reason for choosing your company is because I feel that your rigorous training will hone my skills and
brings the best out of me.

Sample Answer 7:
Because some of my seniors told about your organisation and what type of projects we are taking.And
also heared that this organisation giving lot of oppurtunities to freshers and conducting some training
programs to freshers to gain more knowledge.So i like to do job in your organisation.

Sample Answer 8:
I came to know that your organization is providing Research & Development in Engineering & Industrial
services apart from Aerospace & Telecom.So being a graduate in Electronics & communication i would
like to pursue a job in ur organization because i feel that this might help me implement all the knowledge

that i acquired in my life into the realtime projects such as developing new product with low cost which
your organization is alredy dealing with.Moreover ur's is my dream company .
WHAT OUR EMPLOYEES SAY:

Working for TCS is more than a job. Call it an adventure, a thrilling roller coaster ride that combines
work and personal life. Since joining 19 months ago, Ive been able to experience diverse fields and
environments, and had the opportunity to take the lead on a number of initiatives. Most importantly, I
know that even more challenges await me in my futures roles within the company. Alina Buzgar, HR
Generalist, Bangalore, India

TCS has provided me the opportunity to see the global business environment we operate in with much
greater clarity and understanding. Its an honor to work for a company that balances its passionate drive
to compete and win with values and principles committed to the greater good. Robert Kane, Director
and General Manager of the Northeast Region, New York City, USA

A CAREER AT TCS OFFERS:

Extraordinary opportunities for growth: We offer positions that allow you to challenge the tried and
true, and to collaborate across technologies and continents. New horizons, ongoing education: A wealth
of diversity in culture, training, knowledge, and experience gives employees incredible opportunities to
learn and expand their horizons.
Leading-edge innovation, 24/7: Innovation isnt just a buzz word at TCS; its one of the pillars on which
our entire business operates.
A diverse, global peer community: We are committed to bringing our best people to bear on client
projects regardless of where they may be located. This means that you get to work with people across
continents and organizational functions. You can learn more about particular aspects of TCS by selecting

from any of the following links.

TCS Value proposition:

The TCS employer brand positioning builds on our strengths and communicates TCS as an
organization that offers its employees a complete Global IT Career by highlighting the three
main value propositions:

Global exposure

Freedom to work across domains

Work life balance

(Click on the above links to know more abo

About TCS
Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) is a global leader in IT services, digital and
business solutions that partners with its clients to simplify, strengthen and
transform their businesses. We ensure the highest levels of certainty and
satisfaction through a deep-set commitment to our clients, comprehensive
industry expertise and a global network of innovation and delivery centers.
TCS has been recognized by Brand Finance as one of the Big 4 Global IT
Services Brands. Our continued industry-leading growth is a testament to the
certainty our clients experience every day.

Tata Consultancy Services

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Tata Consultancy Services

Type

Public

Traded as

BSE: 532540
NSE: TCS
BSE SENSEX Constituent
CNX Nifty Constituent

Industry

IT services, IT consulting

Founded

1968

Founder

J. R. D. Tata, F. C. Kohli

Headquarters

Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Area served

Worldwide

Key people

N. Chandrasekaran[1]
(CEO & MD)

Services

IT, business
consulting andoutsourcing services

Revenue

US$16.54 billion (2016)[2]

Operating

US$4.38 billion (2016)[2]

income

Profit

US$3.70 billion (2016)[2]

Total assets

US$13.76 billion (2016)[2]

US$11.10 billion (2016)[2]

Total equity
Number of

353,843 (2016)[3]

employees

Parent

Tata Group

Subsidiaries

TCS China, TRDDC,Computational

Research Laboratories

Slogan

Experience certainty

Website

www.tcs.com

Tata Consultancy Services Limited (TCS) is an Indian multinational information

technology (IT) service, consulting and business solutions
company headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra.[4][5] It is a subsidiary of the Tata Group and
operates in 46 countries.[6]TCS is one of the largest Indian companies by market capitalization ($80
billion).[7][8] TCS is now placed among the Big 4 most valuable IT services brands worldwide. [9] In
2015, TCS is ranked 64th overall in the Forbes World's Most Innovative Companies ranking, making
it both the highest-ranked IT services company and the first Indian company.[10] It is the world's 10th
largest IT services provider, measured by the revenues.[11] As of December 2015, it is ranked 10th on
the Fortune India 500 list.[12]
Contents
[hide]

1History
o

1.11968 to 2000

1.22000 to present

1.3Acquisitions

2Products and services

o

2.1Service lines
3Operations

3.1TCS BPS

3.2Tata Research Development and Design Centre

3.3Innovation Labs

4Employees

5Sponsorships

6Controversies
o

6.1Class action lawsuit

6.2Accusations of discrimination

7See also

8References

9External links

History[edit]
1968 to 2000[edit]
Tata Consultancy Services Limited was founded in 1968 by a division of Tata Sons Limited.[13] Its
early contracts included punched card services to sister company TISCO (now Tata Steel), working
on an Inter-Branch Reconciliation System for the Central Bank of India,[14] and providing bureau
services to Unit Trust of India.
In 1975, TCS delivered an electronic depository and trading system called SECOM for
the Swiss company SIS SegaInterSettle (deutsch); it also developed System X for the Canadian
Depository System and automated the Johannesburg Stock Exchange.[15] It associated with a Swiss
partner, TKS Teknosoft, which it later acquired.[16]
In 1980, TCS established India's first dedicated software research and development centre, the Tata
Research Development and Design Centre (TRDDC) in Pune.[17] In 1985, it established India's first
client-dedicated offshore development centre, set up for clients Tandem. TCS later (1993) partnered
with Canada-based software factory Integrity Software Corp, which TCS later acquired.
In anticipation of the Y2K bug and the launch of a unified European currency, Euro. Tata
Consultancy Services created the factory model for Y2K conversion and developedsoftware
tools which automated the conversion process and enabled third-party developer and client
implementation.[18]

2000 to present[edit]

On 25 August 2004, TCS became a publicly listed company.[19]

In 2005, TCS became the first India-based IT services company to enter the bioinformatics market.
[20]
In 2006, it designed an ERP system for the Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation.
[21]
By 2008, its e-business activities were generating over US$500 million in annual revenues. [22] [23]
TCS entered the small and medium enterprises market for the first time in 2011, with cloud-based
offerings.[24] On the last trading day of 2011, it overtook RIL to achieve the highest market
capitalisation of any India-based company.[25] In the 2011/12 fiscal year, TCS achieved annual
revenues of over US$10 billion for the first time.[26]
In May 2013, TCS was awarded a six-year contract worth over 1100 crores to provide services to
the Indian Department of Posts.[27] In 2013, the firm moved from the 13th position to 10th position in
the League of top 10 global IT services companies [28] and in July 2014, it became the first Indian
company with over Rs 5 lakh crore market capitalization.[29][30]
In Jan 2015, TCS ends RIL's 23-year run as most profitable firm[31]

Acquisitions[edit]

Name

Acquis
ition
date

Activit
ies

Coun
try
of
HQ

Pri
ce

Employ
ees
(at
acquisi
tion)

Notes

CMC
Limited

2001
October

IT
Services

IND

$33.
9m

3,100

Gets
Embedde
d
Expertise
& good
Domestic
customer
reach.
CMC
Amalgam
ated with
TCS on
April 28,
2015.[1]

Airline

2004

BPO

IND

$5.1

400

BPO

Refer
ence

[32][33][34]

[35][36]

Name

Acquis
ition
date

Financial
Support
Services
India
(AFS)

January

Aviation
Software
Developm
ent
Consultan
cy India
(ASDC)

2004
March

Phoenix
Global
Solutions

Swedish
Indian IT
Resources
AB (SITAR)

2004 May

2005 May

Activit
ies

Coun
try
of
HQ

Pri
ce

Employ
ees
(at
acquisi
tion)

IND

Business
Process
Outsourc
ing

IT
Services

IND

SW
E

$3.1
m

$13
m

$4.8
m

Refer
ence

expertise
in Airline
and
Hospitality
sector

IT
Services

Notes

180

400

n/a

Acquire
expertise
in
insurancedomain
consulting

Acquire
blue-chip
European
customers
like
Ericsson,
IKEA,
Vattenfall
and
Hutchison
; SITAR
was TCS
exclusive
partner in

[37][38]

[39][40]

Name

Acquis
ition
date

Activit
ies

Coun
try
of
HQ

Pri
ce

Employ
ees
(at
acquisi
tion)

Notes

Refer
ence

Sweden
and a
nonexclusive
partner in
Norway.

Pearl
Group

2005
October

Insuranc
e

Financial
Network
Services
(FNS)

2005
October

Core
Banking
Product

UK

AU

$94.
7m

$26
m

950

190

Acquired
life and
pension
outsourcin
g business
from Pearl
Group;
Domain
knowledg
e of life
and
pension
underwriti
ng
business.

TCS
acquired
core
banking
solution
product
(BANCS)
and
access to
116
customers
in 35
countries;

[41][42]

[43][44]

Name

Acquis
ition
date

Activit
ies

Coun
try
of
HQ

Pri
ce

Employ
ees
(at
acquisi
tion)

Notes

Refer
ence

FNS was
an
existing
partner
for TCS.

Comicrom

Tata
Infotech

2005
Novembe
r

2006
February

Banking
BPO

IT
Services

CH
L

IND

$23
m

$259
.2 m

1,257

Entry into
Latin
America;
Access to
payment
processin
g
platform.

3,600

The
merger of
Tata
Infotech
added 15
new
Fortune
500
clients
and
enhanced
TCS
systems
integratio
n and
infrastruct
ure
service
capabilitie
s.

[45][46]

[47][48][49]

Name

TCS
Managem
ent

TKSTeknosoft

Citigroup
Global
Services
Limited

Acquis
ition
date

Activit
ies

2006
Novembe
r

IT
Services

2006
Novembe
r

2008
Decembe
r

Banking
Product

Captive
BPO
ofCitigro
up Inc.

Coun
try
of
HQ

AU

CH

IND

Pri
ce

$13
m

$80.
4m

$512
m

Employ
ees
(at
acquisi
tion)

Notes

Refer
ence

35

Access to
Australian
clients

[50][51]

115

Expand
product
portfolio
by
acquiring
rights to
Quartz
and
ownership
of Alpha
and eportfolio,
enhanced
presence
in
Switzerlan
d and
France

[52]

12,472

TCS
acquired
key
Banking
and
Financial
Services
(BFS)
domain
knowledg
e.

[53][54]

Name

Supervalu
Services
India

Computati
onal
Research
Laboratori
es

Alti SA

Acquis
ition
date

2010
Septemb
er

Activit
ies

Captive
IT/BPO
unit of
Superval
u Inc. in
India

Coun
try
of
HQ

IND

Pri
ce

$100
m

2012
August

High
Performa
nce
Computi
ng

IND

2013
April

IT
Services

FRA $97.
5 Mn

$34
m

Employ
ees
(at
acquisi
tion)

Notes

Refer
ence

600

TCS had a
deal with
Supervalu
to have
their
Software
Outsourci
ng to TCS
and
acquired
Supervalu
India.

[55]

80

Acquire
expertise
in High
Performan
ce
Computin
g (HPC)
applicatio
ns and
Cloud
services

[56][57]

1200

Access to
blue-chip
French
and
European
clients in
banking,
luxury,
manufact
uring and
utilities

[58]

Name

Acquis
ition
date

Activit
ies

Coun
try
of
HQ

Pri
ce

Employ
ees
(at
acquisi
tion)

Notes

Refer
ence

sectors

Products and services[edit]

TCS and its 67 subsidiaries[59] provide a wide range of information technology-related products and
services including application development, business process outsourcing, capacity planning,
consulting, enterprise software, hardware sizing, payment processing, software management and
technology education services.[60] Rgwfirm's established software products are TCS BaNCS and TCS
MasterCraft.[61]

Service lines[edit]
TCS' services are currently organised into the following service lines (percentage of total TCS
revenues in the 2012-13 fiscal year generated by each respective service line is shown in
parentheses):

Application development and maintenance (43.80%) value;

Asset leverage solutions (2.70%);

Assurance services (7.70%);

Business process outsourcing (12.50%);

Consulting (2.00%);

Engineering and Industrial services (4.60%);

Enterprise solutions (15.20%); and

IT infrastructure services (11.50%).[60]

Operations[edit]
TCS has 230 offices across 46 countries and 147 delivery centers in 21 countries. [6] At the same date
TCS had a total of 58 subsidiary companies.[60]

Tata Consultancy
Services,Hyderabad

The Tata Consultancy

Services campus in
Lucknow

Tata Consultancy Services

on Grosvenor
Square,London

TCS BPS[edit]

TCS BPS (Business Process Services) is the third-largest India-based IT outsourcing company
(after capgemini).[62] The BPS division had revenues of US$1.44 billion in the FY 2012-13 which was
12.5% of the total revenue of TCS.[63] TCS BPS has more than 45,000 employees which serve over
225 million customers across 11 countries.[64] The rate of attrition in BPS division during the financial
year 2012-13 was 19.5%.[65]
In 2006, TCS won a $35 million contract from Eli Lilly and Company for providing data
management, biostatistics and medical writing services.[66][67] In 2007, it won a major multi-year deal
from Swiss pharmaceutical major Hoffmann-La Roche to provide data management, biostatistics,
clinical programming and drug safety support to Hoffmann-La Roche's global pharmaceutical
development efforts.[68][69][70]
The firm has also opened a business process outsourcing facility in the Philippines. [71]

Tata Research Development and Design Centre[edit]

Main article: Tata Research Development and Design Centre
TCS established the first software research center in India, the Tata Research Development and
Design Centre, in Pune, India in 1981. TRDDC undertakes research in Software
engineering, Process engineering and systems research. Researchers at TRDDC also
developed MasterCraft (now a suite of digitization and optimization tools)[72] a Model Driven
Development software that can automatically create code based on a model of a software, and
rewrite the code based on the user's needs.[73] Research at TRDDC has also resulted in the
development of Sujal, a low-cost water purifier that can be manufactured using locally available
resources. TCS deployed thousands of these filters in theIndian Ocean Tsunami disaster of 2004 as
part of its relief activities.[74] This product has been marketed in India as Tata swach, a low cost water
purifier.[75]

Innovation Labs[edit]
In 2007, TCS launched its co-innovation network, a network of innovation labs, start up alliances,
university research departments, and venture capitalists. [76][77] In addition, TCS has 19 innovation labs
based in three countries.[78] TCS' partners include Collabnet, Cassatt, academic institutions such
as IITs, Stanford, MIT, Carnegie Mellon and venture capitalists like Sequoia and Kleiner Perkins.[79]

Employees[edit]
TCS is one of the largest private sector employers in India,[80] and the second-largest employer
among listed Indian companies (after Coal India Limited).[81] TCS had a total of over 335,620
employees as of October 2015, of which 31% were women. [60] The number of non-Indian nationals
was 21,282 as at March 31, 2013 (7.7%).[60][82] The employee costs for the FY 2012-13 were US$4.38
billion, which was approx. 38% of the total revenue of the company for that period. [2] In the fiscal year
2012-13, TCS recruited a total of 69,728 new staff, of whom 59,276 were based in India and 10,452
were based in the rest of the world.[60] In the same period, the rate of attrition was 10.6%.[60] The

average age of a TCS employee is 28 years.[60] The employee utilisation rate, excluding trainees, for
the FY 2012-13 was 82%.[60] TCS was the fifth-largest United States visa recipient in 2008
(after Infosys, CTS, Wipro and Mahindra Satyam).[83][84] In 2012, the Tata group companies, including
TCS, were the second largest recipient of H-1B visas.[85][86] As of June 2014, TCS has over 300,000
employees. It is world's third largest IT employer behind IBM and HP.
Subramaniam Ramadorai, former CEO of TCS, has written an autobiographical book about his
experiences in the company called The TCS Story...and Beyond.[87]

Sponsorships[edit]
TCS is the title sponsor for Amsterdam Marathon and New York City Marathon[88] and one of the
sponsors of Berlin Marathon, Chicago Marathon, Boston Marathon, Mumbai Marathon.[89] In India, it
is the title sponsor of World 10K held in Bangalore every year.[90] TCS is a sponsor of Indian Premier
League team Rajasthan Royals since 2009.[91] In addition, TCS provides Rajasthan Royals with
technology to help in analysis of player performance, simulation and use of RFID tags for tracking
the players fitness levels and for security purposes in the stadiums.[92][93] TCS sponsors an annual IT
quiz for high school students called TCS IT Wiz.[94]

Controversies[edit]
Class action lawsuit[edit]
On 14 February 2006, U.S. law firm Lieff Cabraser Heimann & Bernstein, LLP filed a nationwide
class action lawsuit against Tata.[95] In July 2013, judge Claudia Wilken of theU.S. District Court,
Northern District of California in Oakland, California, granted final approval to the settlement of the
lawsuit on behalf of all non-U.S. citizens employed by TCS within the state of California from 14
February 2002 to 30 June 2005. The workers claimed that they were forced to sign over their federal
and state tax refunds to their employer, as well as stating their Indian salaries were wrongfully
deducted from their U.S. pay.[96] On February 22, 2013, the Company entered into an agreement to
settle for a sum of INR 16,163 lakhs ($29.75 million), this class action suit filed in a United States
Court relating to payment to employees on deputation. [60]
Charleston County in South Carolina sued Tata Consultancy Services for delivering botched
software. TCS won the contract to create an online tax system (digiTax) for a $1.2 million. The
system was supposed to go live in July 2004 but was plagued by several delays. Tata developed the
software at its offshore development center in Chennai, India. The software was rejected by
Charleston County during user acceptance testing where it failed to meet even the basic
requirements. County sued Tata and it agreed to pay back $1 million in out of court settlement.
Charleston County finally bought an off the shelf solution. [97]

Accusations of discrimination[edit]
In May 2013, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, in its extensive coverage of the hiring of
temporary foreign workers in Canada and the unemployment issues faced by Canadians, reported

that TCS rarely hires skilled experienced Canadians at the Toronto offices while advertising open
positions in Canada. TCS responded that the company hired more than 125 Canadian workers in
2013 who make less than 1.2% of the 10,452 workers the company has outside of India. [60][98]
In April 2015, a class-action lawsuit against TCS was filed in a San Francisco federal court by a U.S.
information technology worker and ex-employee, who accused the company of discriminating
against American workers by favoring South Asians in hiring and promotion. The lawsuit claimed that
South Asians comprise 95% of the company's 14,000-person U.S. workforce, and that TCS engaged
in discriminatory practices by sourcing most of its workforce through the H-1B visa programme, by
focusing its U.S.-based hiring disproportionately on South Asians and by favoring South Asian
employees in its human resources practices. In response, TCS refuted the plaintiff's claims, assuring
that it is an equal opportunity employer and bases its employment practices on non-discriminatory
reasons. A spokesperson said that in 2014 alone the company had recruited over 2,600 U.S. hires. [99]
Learn About Yourself

You want to choose an occupation that fits your unique qualities -- your abilities, talents, needs,
values, and interests -- and the life-style you want to live.
Knowing your "unique qualities" is not easy. Learning about yourself is a challenge for everyone. But,
the clearer picture you have, the more likely you are to choose a satisfying career.
It is important to write your ideas down. You may find this difficult to do, many do. But, it will make a
big difference in your self-understanding. Write down your thoughts and feelings as you do the
exercises below. Make a folder to keep your notes and writings.
Here are eight strategies you will find helpful:
1. Take tests or inventories that measure your abilities, interests, values, and
personality. Write out your reactions to the results. The Career Key's career testis a

good place to start, but you should try other valid tests. Learn about your personality
and introversion and extroversion, following our tips for success.
2. Look carefully at your achievements in school or at work to identify your abilities. If
you are a student, for example, which subjects have you done well in, or not so well in? If
you work, do the same analysis. What does this tell you about your abilities -- mechanical,
verbal, numerical, artistic, and people skills? Be careful not to overlook, or leave out, your
abilities. Looking over the 17 Foundation Skills will help you avoid doing this.
3. Examine how you use your leisure time -- your hobbies, community projects, activities
with social, political, or religious organizations. For each one, write down three
headings: Abilities, Interests, and Values. And, under each heading write down your
thoughts.
4. Talk with a friend or family member who is a good listener.
5. Talk with a professional counselor; learn about career counseling.
6. Go to Identify Your Skills. There you will learn what the different types of skills are and how
to identify those you have. The activities that are described are powerful; they are used by
the top consulting firms in the country. You will find them well worth the effort.
7. Write an autobiography and identify the themes that represent who you are.
8. Write a personal mission statement. In it write: what you want to be, what you want to
accomplish in life, and what values or principles you want to guide you.
For a printed copy, see "Advice and Actions For Making Smart Decisions" at the Store.