IEATC-SPv3 Part 02 Layer2

10/11/2011
CCIE Service Provider Ver. 3.0

Advanced Technologies Class
Layer 2 Technologies
http://www.INE.com
Layer 2 Overview
Layer 2 technologies goal
Establish basic connectivity between directly
connected devices
Protocols covered
Ethernet
Frame Relay
HDLC
PPP
Copyright www.INE.com
10/11/2011
Catalyst ME 3400 Overview

Mostly similar to other Catalyst IOS platforms
VLANs
Trunking
EtherChannel
802.1Q Tunneling
IPv4 & IPv6 Routing
Etc.
Feature navigator can be used for comparisons

http://www.cisco.com/go/fn
ME 3400 Caveats
Some key differences can affect basic
switching operation
Interfaces are in shutdown state by default
No dynamic port modes
VTP not supported
Rapid PVST by default
Port-Types and UNI VLANs
10/11/2011
ME 3400 Port Types

Port type defines if interface goes
Upstream towards Service Provider
Downstream towards Customer
Three different types of ports
User-Network Interfaces (UNIs)

Enhanced Network Interfaces (ENIs)
Network Node Interfaces (NNIs)
Defined as port-type [uni | eni | nni]
User-Network Interfaces (UNIs)
Typically connect to customers end hosts

All ports by default except uplinks
Can only send traffic to NNI ports by default
Do not support
STP
CDP & LLDP
LACP & PAgP
10/11/2011
Enhanced Network Interfaces (ENIs)

Typically connect to customers routers or
switches
Same functionality as UNI, but can support
STP
CDP & LLDP
LACP & PAgP
Each must be manually enabled
Network Node Interfaces (NNIs)

AKA Network to Network Interface
Typically connect to SPs router or switch
Uplinks are NNI by default
Also in no shutdown state
Does not filter layer 2 control plane protocols

Similar to ports on regular Catalyst IOS platforms
10/11/2011
ME 3400 UNI VLANs

VLANs are in uni-vlan isolated mode by default
UNI/ENI ports in the same UNI isolated VLAN can only
talk to NNI ports in the same VLAN
NNI ports behave like promiscuous Private VLAN ports
UNI/ENI ports in the same UNI VLAN can talk when in

uni-vlan community mode
UNI VLANs can be converted to Private VLANs
private-vlan [community|isolated|primary]
NBMA Overview
Non-Broadcast Multi-Access Media
Frame Relay
ATM
No native broadcast support

Broadcast as a replicated unicast
Implies layer 3 to layer 2 resolution issues
SP networks typically avoid this via P2P
subinterfaces
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NBMA Interface Types

Multipoint interfaces
Can terminate multiple layer 2 circuits
Requires layer 3 to layer 2 resolution
Point-to-Point interfaces
Can terminate only one layer 2 circuit
Does not require layer 3 to layer 2 resolution
Multipoint Frame Relay Example

R1:
interface Serial0/0
encapsulation frame-relay
ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.2 100 broadcast
R2:
interface Serial0/0
ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.1 200 broadcast
10/11/2011
Point-to-Point Frame Relay Example

R1:
interface Serial0/0
!
interface Serial0/0.1 point-to-point
ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
frame-relay interface-dlci 100
R2:
interface Serial0/0
!
interface Serial0/0.1 point-to-point
ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
frame-relay interface-dlci 200
PPP - The Point-to-Point Protocol

Media independent encapsulation
Extends functionality of layer 2 protocols by
supporting
Authentication
Multilink
Routing
peer neighbor route
encapsulation ppp interface level command

10/11/2011
PPP Authentication
PAP
Clear text username
Clear text password
CHAP
Clear text username
MD5 hashed password
MSCHAP / MSCHAPv2 / EAP / etc

PPP PAP Authentication

Authentication Request
ppp authentication pap
Authentication Response
no ppp pap refuse (default option)
ppp pap sent-username password
Verification
debug ppp negotiation
debug ppp authentication
10/11/2011
PPP CHAP Authentication

Authentication Request
ppp authentication chap
Authentication Response
no ppp chap refuse (default option)
Usernames
global hostname vs. interface hostname
Passwords
username database vs. interface password
MD5 hash irreversible
Verification
debug ppp negotiation
debug ppp authentication
Peer Neighbor Route

Used to provide reachability when both ends
of the PPP link are not on the same logical
subnet
Dial-up NAS
IP unnumbered
Can be safely disabled when both ends of the

link are on the same logical IP subnet
10/11/2011
PPP over Ethernet

Typically used in DSL implementations
IOS supports two variations
PPPoE Server
Accept connections for clients
PPPoE Client
Initiate PPPoE negotitiation to server
Questions?
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10/11/2011

CCIE Service Provider Ver. 3.0

Catalyst ME 3400 Overview

Feature navigator can be used for comparisons

ME 3400 Port Types

Three different types of ports

User-Network Interfaces (UNIs)

User-Network Interfaces (UNIs)

Typically connect to customers end hosts

Enhanced Network Interfaces (ENIs)

Network Node Interfaces (NNIs)

Does not filter layer 2 control plane protocols

ME 3400 UNI VLANs

UNI/ENI ports in the same UNI VLAN can talk when in

No native broadcast support

NBMA Interface Types

Multipoint Frame Relay Example

Point-to-Point Frame Relay Example

PPP - The Point-to-Point Protocol

encapsulation ppp interface level command

MSCHAP / MSCHAPv2 / EAP / etc

PPP PAP Authentication

PPP CHAP Authentication

Peer Neighbor Route

Can be safely disabled when both ends of the

PPP over Ethernet

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