Preparedness Key Elements

of Emergency Management

When things go wrong

Fire at Factory Complex at

Sungei Kadut, 3 Aug 08
Fire at Somerset
Sub Power Station,
2 Jul 08

Shipyard Accidents, Jun 08

Fire at Essential Oils Factory at

Woodlands Terrace, 12 Jun 08

When the Problem is Nipped at the Bud

Intervention
Measures to
Prevent Incident
Up-right overturned
drum
Clean up spill

Spill from drum

Intervention Measures
to Minimize Loss
Use of fire extinguisher
Activate sprinkler
system
Remove surrounding
drums

Pool fire from spill

Fire spread to
entire factory

All
AllFull-Blown
Full-BlownEvents
EventsStarts
StartsWith
Withan
anInitiating
InitiatingEvent!
Event!
3

4 Key Elements of Emergency Management

Prevention
Prevention

Recovery
Recovery

Preparedness
Preparedness

Response
Response
4

Effective Emergency Preparedness

Acquiring Essential
Equipment and Systems

Planning of
Mitigation Approaches

Preparedness
Preparedness
Recognizing Credible
Scenarios

Developing an Emergency
Response Plan (ERP)
5

Emergency Response Planning

Inventory of Hazardous Substances (HS)

List of possible accidents

Risk / Hazard zones

Response Action Procedures

Risk Assessment

gency
Em e r
e

ns
Respo
Plan

Components of ERP

Worst Credible Scenario

Area of Operations

F
D
C
S

Concept of Operations

Emergency Response

Equipment

Incident Command and
Organisation

Communications

What is CERT?

CERT consists of trained in-house personnel to

effectively manage initiating events

Spillages,

minor fires etc

Site Main Controller (SMC)

SIC

SCDF

Site Incident Controller (SIC)

GC

Response Team (RT)

What is CERT?
Scale of
incident

CERT intervention to
prevent initiating
incident from
developing into a full
blown scenario

FFull-blown
ull
ull-blown
Accident
Accident

SCDF
Response

Emergency

CERT Response

(Initiating)
Small Incident
Pre-Event

Operators at Work

Timeline
Critical First 10-20 mins

Contingency
planning, training,
maintenance etc

Regulatory Requirements

Provision of Company Emergency Response Team

(Regulations 25) states

(1) Where any premises licensed for the storage or

keeping of petroleum or flammable material or both are
used to store or keep
 more than 5,000 litres of petroleum
 more than 5,000 litres of liquid flammable material
 more than 5,000 kg of solid flammable material
 more than 5,000 kg of gaseous flammable material or
 substances which are in mixed states, the aggregate weight of which is more than

5,000 kg
the holder of the licence to store or keep the petroleum or FM or both at those
premises shall establish and maintain such number of persons as an in-house, on-site
Company Emergency Response Team
10

Regulatory Requirements

Requirements for CERT (Regulations 25)

(2) All CERT are required to be competent in

handling incidents involving petroleum or flammable
materials in the event of fire, explosion, leakage or
any other similar emergency

(3) All CERT are subjected to competency tests and

emergency assessments at a regular interval

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CERT Guidelines

Stipulates the CERT Requirements

CERT organisational structure

Manpower requirements

Training requirements

Equipment readiness and maintenance

Emergency plans and staff aids

Competency in practical assessment

12

CERT Audit
ERP Validation

Execution of actions in accordance with

procedures stipulated in ERP

Practical Assessment

Avenue for continuous improvement

Opportunity to identify strengths and

weaknesses

Enhances response synergy between CERT
and SCDF
13

Evaluation Methodology
A 3

+ 6 standard evaluation checklist method is used:

1
6

2
MP

Checking
Checking
Document
Document
Records
Records

g
nin
rai
&T

ER
P

Ongoing
Ongoing
operations
operations
and
and
recovery
recovery

Linking
Linking up
up
with
with SCDF
SCDF
upon
upon arrival
arrival

Equipment Readiness

5
Scenario
Discussion

Activation
Activation
and
and
response
response

On-site
Practical
Assessment

Support
Support
Activities
Activities

2
Incident
Incident
size-up
size-up

Fire-fighting
Fire-fighting
and
and
mitigating
mitigating
operations
operations

 Worst credible scenario in Companys ERP is used for assessment

14

Desired Outcomes

Quick dispatch and arrival of the CERT response

Initiation of emergency response system,

assessment of incident scene, communication of

the situation, requests for appropriate resources
by the CERT and notify authorities/neighbors

Response activities conducted safely

Threats contained and managed in accordance to

ERP
15

Benefits of Emergency Preparedness

Important Aspect of Business Continuity

Reduce business disruption

Minimise losses

Employers Responsibility

Allay workers concerns

Increase public confidence

Integral Part of Personnel Training and Education

Understand the hazards and risks

Competent and equipped to handle initiating events
16

CASE OF INTEREST 1

Feb 2006

Explosion and fire

Production and storage areas severely

damaged

17

18

CASE OF INTEREST 2
Evacuation, but no proper CERT

Chemical plants/ Refineries

(High risk & complex) : SIC need to relate
information proactively
19

Learning Points

Lack of a trained CERT

Fire

not addressed in its initiating stage

No SIC to link up and relay accurate
information to arriving SCDF responders

Lack of emergency response plan

Haphazard

evacuation

Inappropriate assembly point

20

10

What can be done to prevent catastrophic

incidents
Emergency Management

Preparedness
Preparedness

ERP
ERP

CERT
CERT

Fire
Fire/ /HazMat
HazMatSafety
SafetyInstallation
Installation
Good
GoodHousekeeping
Housekeepingand
andInventory
InventoryManagement
Management
Safe
Work
Procedures
Safe Work Procedures

Well
WellOrganised
Organised
Proper
ProperTraining
Training
Fully
Equipped
Fully Equipped

21

Thank You

22

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