Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
!"$#%&'
( ),+.-0/21)4365%78+:9)<;=
*
>@?A.BDCFEFGH?IJEKDLMNBOEQPR?GSBDEFTVUWBXI:YZ<K[GHAR\]EF?^C`_]U$Ta?I.U$?
b CFTaIRIR?^cdcZ<KXcacd?^eX?
b CFTaIRIR?^cdcgfRhjiflkDm [on
pqgGSBDTacgrUP.BDGtsl?CQcvu@GHBDEFPxw eXCQTaIxw ?oY]\
BDI.Y
(y)<+:zQ{|(y)<+]}.789Q9Fz
>`?^A:BDCFEFGH?^I[EKXL'MNBDEFPR?^GSBOEFTVUW
Z<caBXCF?^GHKXIJE~MU?I:I:BZ<KXcacd?^eX?
Z<caBXCF?^G K[IJE^f:Z4i OX
pqGSBDTacrGHGSBDCFEF?^cdcaTu@GSU[?IRI:B:w ?oY]\
0^8oDS[Ro^'[]^. r p,mJk]f] p m
Jt.'[ >`?^I:W?tKXCQsRTEof]EFK[A.K[cdK[eXTVUBXcxU$KXIDj\Re[B[U$Xf]s:TdI:BXCF?$]A:BDI.WTaKXIxf:?$]A:BDI.Y]TdI:e
GSBDAxf.U$TaCQUcd?GSBDAxw
Ii\Re[\:WERf n mXmXmBDEZ4itf4KXI b CQBXP:BDGe[B[?B
jKXTaI[EBXYRY]CQ?^WQWHLvK[CSEFPR?
iGH?^CFTVUBXIMNBDEFPR?^GSBOEFTVUBXc_K]U$Ta?$EjBXI:YEFPR?MNBDEFPR?^GSBOEFTVUBXcxi`WQWK]UTaBDEFTaKXIKDL'i`GH?CQTaU^B
?IJEQTEQcd?oYFMBOEFP:?GSBOEQTaU^W,TaIEQPR? nR WE Z<?IJEQ\RCFrCQKXs:cd?^GHW<BDI:YCQK[WFA.?oU&EQW^w TVW<EQBXcd
TaI:U$ca\:Y]?oYEQPR?LvKXcacaKOTdIReHK[A.?^IARCQKXs:cd?^Gr
Z<KXI.WTVY]?C4EQPR?W?oJ\R?I:U? ^.lOD e[?IR?^CQBDEF?^Ys
X8 l~ n]
S'ol rhjW4EQPR?W?oJ\R?I:U? ^.l\RIslKX\RI.Y]?^Y:
n
b CBDP:BXG K ?CQ?^YWFKXGH?SGHK]Y]?^WE%I\RGH?CQTVUBDc,?TaYR?I:U?HEFP:BDEtEFP:?W?oJ\R?I:U?STaWt\RI]q
slKX\RI:YR?^Yf@sR\]E
WjEBOEF?oY EFP.BOE
BARCQKKDLW?^?GSW?ca\:WTaX?[w~P:TaWIRKDEQ?TacdcWFPRKO|GHKXCQ?
ARCQ?^UTaWF?caPSEFP:TaWTVWWF\:UP
B%P.BDCYJ\R?oWjEQTdK[Ixw
i I:BDEF\RCBDc@BDARARCQK[B[UP2TVWHEQK U$K[I:WTVY]?^CSEFPR?WjEQCF\:U$EF\RCQ?
KDLEQPR?NAl?CQTdK]Y]TVU
KXCQsRTdEQWSKXL
8w _TaI:U$?EFPRTVWGSBDA TVWU$ca?^BXCFca ?$]A:BDI.Y]TdI:e:fIRKAl?CQTdK]Y]TVUK[CFs:TETaW
caKU^BDcacdBDEEQCQB[U&EFTaIRe.w ~P:?@LvK[cdcaKOTaIRe%CQ?^WF\RcdEBDcVWK ?$RU$ca\:Y]?oW~CQBDEFTaKXI:BXc.K[CFs:TEW4LvCFK[G6s.?^TdIRe
?[?IJEF\.BDcacdAl?CQTaKYRTaUXw
m !#"$%#&')(*&,+.-0/213245"76,13&"6819%#:/:7";% <
:O l
&'1:7"681:=13>#13&?"@+,)(7(BADC,13E%GF#HI&%#D7"J13K)"L13M"L%tm?N
O Ox' PKQ ~P:?GHBXA TVWB n r Lv\RI.U&EFTaKXISw RKDEQ?EFP:BDE
V V V
T,UVW YX U V U]\
U
[
U
Z
hL U V _^ BDI:Y U V f:EFPR?^I ` U V U
\ V U V wp]ARCQ?^WQWTaIReBXcdc8CQBDEFTaKXI:BXc
I\RGtsl?CWTaI
cdKO4?^WELvKXCQGfREQPRTaW`TdGHARcaTa?^WEQP:BOE@TLBSCBOEQTdK[I:BDcI\RG%s.?^C*aHP:BXWBCQBDEFTaKXI:BXc
ARCQ?^Y]?oU$?oWFWFKXCofxEQPR?Y]?^IRKXGHTaI:BOEQKXCKXL4EQPR?ARCQ?^YR?^U$?oWFWFKXCG%\:WEts.?IRKNe[CF?oBOEF?^CEFP:BXIEFPR?
Y]?^IRKXGHTaI:BOEQKXCKDbL afxTdEFP ?^J\:BXcdTdEj
KXI:cd
TdbL aTVWBDITdIJEF?^eX?^CK[C@TdbL a #
c LvKXCWK[GH?
TaI[EQ?e[?C c wKO4?X?^C^fJTddL a e^ fEFPR?^I
agh f a*ikj n a#l \nm
~PR?CQTde[PJEqP:BDI:Y?$]ARCQ?^WQWTaKXITaWCQBDEFTaKXI:BXclK[IRcaTL a m:f]sR\]E
m h f i h f i in j k
o
hL a
c LvK[CWK[GH?TaIJEF?^eX?C c fEFP:?I
a h f i j #n c \nm c l
~PR?%CFTaeXPJEqP:BXI:Y?$]ARCQ?^WQWTaKXI
TVW@IR?[?C`CBOEQTdK[I:BDcgwh IUKXI:Ucd\.WTaKXIxfWFTdI:U?EQPR?tARCQ?^YR?^U$?oWjq
WFKXCA:BDEFP KXL~?^X?^CFCQBDEFTaKXI:BXcI\RGtsl?C%TaWt?X?^IJEF\:BXcdcaBXI TdCQCQBDEFTaKXI:BXcI\RGtsl?Cof'EFPR?WF?$E
KDL4CQBDEFTaKXI:BXcIJ\:Gtsl?CWTaWLvK[CF~BDCYNTaIBXCFTVBDIJEofxBDI:Y m %BXCF?%EFP:?SKXIRcaNCBOEFTaKXI.BDcVW
TdEF?CBOEQTdI:e TaqI p:IRTdEF?^cdGHBXIWjEQ?A:W4EQKSTd8I p:IRTdEjXfR4?P:BX?EFP:?Y]?^WFTdCQ?^YCQ?^WF\RcEow r
h EWP:KX\RcVYsl?IRKDEQ?^YEFP:BDE4EQPRTVW~ARCFKKXLGSBSs.?\:WF?^YEFKSW?EEQcd?CQKXs:cd?^G m KXIEFPR?
CQ?^U$?^IJEFca%PR?^caY n TacacdTVBDG6xKO4?cac.,\]EFI.BDG6MNBOEQPR?GSBDEFTVUBDcxZ<KXGHAl?$EQTEQTdK[Ixf]>`?oU$?G q
sl?C n mXm w4_]A.?oU$T p.UBXcdcaXf.TL Y]?^IRKDEQ?^W~EQPR?%WF?$E@KDLCQBDEFTaKXI:BXcaWYRT ?CQ?IJELvCQKXGq f mHK[C f
EFP:?I
S
X8
~PR?GSBDA TVW~A:BXCEKXL'B GHKXCQ?e[?IR?^CQBXclLBDGHTdcaKXLLv\RI.U&EFTaKXI.WfRI.BDGH?ca
U X
Z
~PR?WEFCQ\:U&EQ\RCQ?KXL l GSBDX?oW<EFPRTVW~Lv\RI:U$EFTaKXI
GHKXCQ?BXUU?^WQWTasRca?EFKSWjEQ\:Y][w
:O l 681D-0!C l ]"L%2C8%)( %)H2#(7( A H!%)&E+ #"J1]"L%5"681]-0!C n 9 -0% F %#&
"681=7&,"J13E>##( m N
O Ox' PKQ h IJEFCQK]Y]\:UTdIReEFPR?HU$K[IOj\ReJBOEFTaIReLv\RI:U&EQTdK[I U$KXE &fx4=? p.I:Y
EQP:BOE
TVWU$KXIDj\Re[BDEF?EF!K f]PR?CQ"? TaW`Y]3? p:I:?^Ys
' $# & % %
UKDE # U$KXE n ' K
n
GHK]Y [
r
n #
n D
PR?^CF?tEFPR? A:BDCQTdEj TVW`EFPR? I\RGtsl?C GHK]Y n KXL,KXIR?oW`TaINEQPR? sRTdI.BDCQ?A.BDI:WFTdK[I
KDL w'hE~TVW<IRKOIEFP:BDE TVW<EFCBDI:WQU$?^I:Y]?^I[EBDclX?E,EFP:?CQ?BXCF?@IR?[?C<EFPRCQ??U$KXI.W?oU$\]EQTd[?
?^CFKJW4KXC~EFP:CF?^?UKXI:WF?^U\]EFTaX?K[IR?^.W 'RW?^? m 0 w
~PR?^KXCQ?G w n GSBs.?e[?IR?^CQBXcd T ?oYSEQK LvK[CBDcac U
mRw
:O l 681;-0!C 5"J%!C,%#( % H!)(7(BAeH2%#&.E+ )"L1;"J% "76,1I-;2C n -0% F %#&
"681=7&,"J13E>##( m %)512 H26 U
'm N
8KARCQKOX?tEFPRTVWCQ?^WF\RcEofx4? I:??^Y BDITdGHAlKXCFEQBXI[EEQPR?K[CF?^G U$KXI.U$?CQIRTaIRe?$]A:BDI.Y]TdI:e
U$TaCU$ca?@GSBDA.Wwi GSBDA r - TVW
13C,#&'F)7& TdL8EQPR?CQ??$]TVWjEU$K[I:WEQBDIJEW
m
BDI.Y
WF\:UPEQP:BOE
k
h IKXEFPR?^C%4KXCYRW^f'BXI?$]A:BXI:Y]TaIReNGSBDAKXL`Y]?e[CF?^? TaW U$K[IOj\Re[BDEF?SEQKNEQPR?GSBXA
G K]Y KXI m &w RKO EFPR?A:CFKKDL'KDL ~PR?K[CF?^G w Rr
O Ox' PKQ @WTaIReHEQPR?U$K[IOj\Re[B[U$ UKDE ' $f:4?YR?3p:IR?
# % %
U$KD.E # n U U$KXE n ' K
~PR?Lv\RI.U&EFTaKXI.W BXCF?U$KO[?CQTdI:etGSBDA:W~KXLYR?eXCQ?? n LvKXCBXcdc U
m:w<Z4BDcVU$\RcVBOEQTdIRe
'
WFTdI l n ' m U l UK[W l n '
\nm U
KXI:? GSB
?oBXWFTdcaNWP:KO EFP.BOE
LvKXCBXcdc m `TdL U
# m fEFPR?^CF?LvKXCQ? s
~PR?^KXCQ?G w m flEFP:?^WF?Lv\RI:U$EFTaKXI:WBXCF? U$KXIDj\Re[BDEF?EQK n GHK]Y KXINEQPR? TdIJEF?^CFOBXc m &w
RK[C m
0 f<?UKXI:WFTaYR?C
``$w<@WTaIRe
U m
WFTdI ` l U$KDE l n ' U$K[W ' ` n U UKDl E U$ nKX' E l n '
\_m U
\_m U
4? p.I:YEFP:BDE
'
K l U$KXE l U n \nm U l l UKDE l l U nKD'E l ` n l ' l
mU
\nU m U
x?EEQTdIRe UK[W n 4TdGHARcaTd?oW
'
K` ' `
l l m U l l ll \nm l U l l~ l l l
?TaWFP EFKWFPRKO EFP.BOEEQPRTaW?$]ARCQ?^m WQU WTaKXI%TaWe[CF?oBOEQ?\ C'EFU P:BXIm U LvK[CBDcac \ 0 dw ~PRTVWTaW
BXU^U$K[G A:cdTVWP:?^YsWFPRKOTdI:eHEFP:BDEEFPR?%Y]?IRK[GHTdI:BDEFK[CTaW`WGSBDcaca?CEQP:BDIEQPR?I \RGH?CBOEQKXCof
WFTdI:U?
m U l l l \ U l m U l l \ l l m U l l \nm U l l
U l \_m U l l m U l \ l m U l n U l m U l \ m U l m U l ` U l
U l
U \ U l \ l n m U l n
~PRTVW?A:CF?oWFWFTdK[ITVWI:?e[BDEFTaX?LvK[C`BDcac 0 BDI:Y U m
m 0 w RK[C?^B[UPWF\:UP U
EFP:?CQ?@?TVWEQW4WK[G ?
WF\:UPEQP:BOE `K
LvKXC~BDcac m &w_TaI:U$?
mRf]4?P:BX?LvKXC?^X?^CFSAlK[WFTEQTd[?TdIJEF?^eX?^C
l T l 8 W : T j W l
T l W T j W
~ PRTVWTaG A:cdTa?^W
G TaI j
T W T j W
`BXcdcXZ4Z@f [X:w
k 0 M w_P\Rsx w &F %)-;%)$C86E-5% H2%)-*C, H:"5F#
13K1:&,"$ /:( 1 ;- )&, %#( F
&w -013EH2#&
.%#+.E&')([% )"76,13-0#"$HE&f r O k [Rf XX:w