Introduction

A three phase synchronous motor is an electrical device which is used to convert electrical power
into mechanical movement. The motor consist of three windings on the stator which is called the
stator windings and one winding on the rotor which is called the field winding. Movement is
produced by the motor by interaction between magnetic fields between the windings. In order to
model the motor, a set of differential equations which has time independent variable is used.
These differential equations have current and also angular velocity as the dependent variable.

Objective
1. To plot the speed versus time of the rotor given the parameters of the motor with the
motor not loaded and frequency of 50Hz by using Euler method.
2. To evaluate the value of the steady state speed w as the frequency of the voltage supply to
the stator windings is varied.
3. To determine how the current in the windings vary when the load changes and determine
the load value that cause the rotor to stall.

Discussion

1. To solve the first task, we let w r = rotor speed and the initial conditions to be t=0, =0, i=0
and wr = 0
Euler method is choose to be used to determine the new value of a, b , c f , and wr with time
step of 0.001s
Equation:
i.

i +1=i +

d
h
dt

d
=vri
dt

ii.

i+1 =i +

d
h
dt

d
=wr
dt

iii.

w r+1=wr +

dw r
h
dt

dwr T eB m wr
=
dt
I
Linear equations below is used to find the new value of ia ib ic and if by using matrix to solve it.
Laa i a + Lab i b + Lac i c +Laf i f = a
Lba i a + Lbb i b + Lbc i c + Lbf i f = b
Lca i a+ L cb i b + Lcc i c + Lcf i f = c
Lfa i a + Lfb ib + L fc ic +Lff i f =f

Laa=Ls + Lm cos ( 2 )

2
)
3

2
)
3

Lbb=Ls + Lm cos ( 2

Lcc =Ls +Lm cos ( 2 +

( 6 ))

Lab=M sLm cos ( 2 +

( 2 ))

Lbc =M s Lm cos ( 2

Lca=M s Lm cos ( 2 +

5
)
6

2. The result for task 1 did not reach steady state speed because the time step chosen is not
small enough to show it.
3. The actual steady state speed through calculation
The V will constant at time step,
v a =240 cos ( t ) ; =2 f
240 cos ( 2 500)
240 V

t=0.001

v b =240 cos t

2
3

)
2
)
3

240 cos ( 2 x 50 x 0

120 V

v c =240cos t +

2
3

240 cos ( 2 x 50 x 0+

2
)
3

120 V

The

Laa , Lbb , Lcc

also is constant when

Laa=Ls + Lm cos ( 2 )
0.000309+0.00321 cos ( 22 500 )
0.003519

Lbb=Ls + Lm cos ( 2

2
)
3

0.000309+0.00321 cos 2( 2 500

0.001296

2
)
3

t=0.001

Lcc =Ls +Lm cos ( 2 +

2
)
3

0.000309+0.00321 cos 2( 2 500+

0.001296

2
)
3

The

Lab , Lbc , Lca

also is constant when

t=0.001

(
( 6 ))=0.004715

Lab=M sLm cos 2 +

( ( ))

Lbc =M s Lm cos 2

((

Lca=M s Lm cos 2 +

=0.0001
2

5
=0.004715
6

))

The equations for the magnetic flux are show below:

Laa i a + Lab i b + Lac i c +Laf i f = a
Lba i a + Lbb i b + Lbc i c + Lbf i f = b
Lca i a+ L cb i b + Lcc i c + Lcf i f = c
Lfa i a + Lfb ib + L fc ic +Lff i f =f

In order to find all of the current,

v =ri+

i , we need to solving the

d
dt

= ( vri ) dt
0.001

a = ( v a r i a ) dt ; v a=240 cos ( t ) ; =2 f
0

240 cos ( t )
(r i a ) dt
0.001

0.001

r i a t 0

240
0.001
[sin ( 2 ft )]0

00.00000204 i a
0.00000204 i a
0.001

b = ( v b r i b ) dt ; v b=240 cos t
0

2
3

0.001

(240 cos (t 23 ))r ib dt

0

0.00000204 i b
0.001

( v cr ic) dt ; v c=240 cos (t + 23 )

c =

0.001

(240 cos (t + 23 ))r ic dt

0

0.00000204 i c
0.001

f = ( v f r i f ) dt ; v f =100
0

 100.00000204 i f

Substitute all of the finding into the magnetic flux equations

0.003519 ia 0.004715 i b0.004715 i c +0.00311 i f =0.00000204 i a
0.00352104 i a0.004715 i b0.004715 i c + 0.00311 i f =0(1)
0.004715i a0.001296i b +0.0001 i c 0.001555 i f =0.00000204 i b
0.004715i a0.00129396i b +0.0001 i c 0.001555 i f =0(2)
0.004715i a +0.0001 i b0.001296 i c 0.001555 i f =0.00000204 i c
0.004715i a +0.0001 i b0.00129396 i c 0.001555 i f =0(3)
0.00311 i a0.001555 i b0.001555 i c + 0.0003i f =100.00000204 i f
0.00311 i a0.001555 i b0.001555 i c + 0.00030204 i f =10( 4)

Solve the equations simultaneously

|)

0.00352104 0.004715
0.004715 0.003111 0
0.004715 0.00129396
0.0001
0.001555 0
0.004715
0.0001
0.00129396 0.001555 0
0.00030204 10
0.003111 0.001555 0.001555

i a=2586.068831 A

i b=1293.613883 A
i c =1293.613883 A
i f =6848.097304 A

Therefore, the magnetic flux are given by

a =0.00000204 i a
a =0.000002042586.068831 A=0.00527558
b =0.000002041293.613883 A=0.00263897
c =0.000002041293.613883 A=0.00263897
f =100.00000204 i f
f =100.000002046848.097304 A=10.01397012

Substitute all of the

will constant when

to find the torque produced by the rotor

t=0.001

T e= a f cos+ b f cos

2
2
+ c f cos +
3
3

)
(

0.00527558 ( 10.01397012 ) cos ( 2 ft ) +0.00263897 ( 10.01397012 ) cos 2 ft

+0.00263897 ( 10.01397012 ) cos 2 ft +

0.07925 Nm

Te

2
3

2
3

Te

The mechanical equation governing the movement of the rotor is given as

follows:
I

d r
=T e T lBm r
dt

The question mention that, the motor is not loaded

T l =0

d r T e Bm r
=
dt
I

w r=

( T BI w ) t=0
e

4. For second task, the results show the higher the frequency, the higher the steady state speed
. The change in frequency only effect the change of steady state speed, it does not affect the
voltage of voltage supply.

Conclusion
In this project, the Excel implementation of Euler methods was described and the speed versus
time of the rotor was plotted. It was given the parameters of the motor with frequency of 50Hz
and the motor was not loaded by using Euler method. Time step of 0.001 was chosen in the
stimulation so that the solution of ordinary differential equations was converging. The results did
not reach steady state speed shown that the time step that used in the stimulation was too large.
The value of the steady state speed as the frequency of the voltage supply to the stator windings
is varied was evaluated. The current in the windings will change as the load changes. The load
value that will cause the rotor to stall was determined.