GLOBAL WARMING

Global Warming is the increase of Earth's average surface temperature due to effect of greenhouse
gases,(carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, CFCs, and methane) trap heat and light from the sun in the earths
atmosphere, which increases the temperature. This affects all life on earth. (Humans, animals, plant life etc).

The greenhouse effect is when the temperature rises because the suns heat and light is trapped in the
earths atmosphere. This is like when heat is trapped in a car. On a very hot day, the car gets hotter when
it is out in the parking lot. This is because the heat and light from the sun can get into the car, by going
through the windows, but it cant get back out.

This is what the greenhouse effect does to the earth. The heat and light can get through the atmosphere,
but it cant get out. As a result, the temperature rises.

Greenhouse Gas: A gas which traps the sun's heat:

CAUSES:
Greenhouse Gases
1. Carbon dioxide-combustion of solid waste, fossil fuels (oil, natural gas, and coal), and wood and wood
products . resulting from petroleum and natural gas,
Carbon dioxide is the most important greenhouse gas. It is produced from the use of fossil fuels to

generate electricity (for example, coal-fired power plants) and to power vehicles. The cement
manufacturing process produces a lot of carbon dioxide. Clearing land from vegetation, usually in
order to farm it, triggers the release of large amounts of carbon dioxide normally stored in the soil.
2. Methane -production and transport of coal, natural gas, and oil. Methane emissions also result from the
decomposition of organic wastes in municipal solid waste landfills, and the raising of livestock. , methane, comes
from landfills, coal mines, oil and gas operations, and agriculture;

Methane is a very effective greenhouse gas, but with a shorter lifespan in the atmosphere than
carbon dioxide. It comes from a variety of sources. Some sources are natural: methane escapes
wetlands and oceans at a significant rate. Other sources are anthropogenic, which means manmade. The extraction, processing, and distribution of oil and natural gas all release
methane.Raising livestock and rice farming are a major source of methane. The organic matter in
landfills and waste-water treatment plants releases methane.

3. Nitrous oxide - agricultural and industrial activities, as well as during combustion of solid waste and fossil
fuels. Nitrous oxide is emitted from burning fossil fuels and through the use of certain fertilizers and industrial processes.

Nitrous oxide (N2O) occurs naturally in the atmosphere as one of the many forms nitrogen can
take. However, large amounts of released nitrous oxide contribute significantly to global warming.
The main source is the use of synthetic fertilizer in agricultural activities. Nitrous oxide is also
released from during the manufacturing of synthetic fertilizers. Motor vehicles release nitrous oxide
when operating with fossil fuels like gasoline or diesel.

4. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are nontoxic, nonflammable chemicals containing atoms of carbon, chlorine,
and fluorine. They are used in the manufacture of aerosol sprays, blowing agents for foams and packing
materials, as solvents, and as refrigerants.
5. Burning of fossil fuels (Coal/Crude oil)

Power plants generate electricity

Transportation-----fuels for transports (E.g. LPG,kerosene, fuel oil)
Industrial processes (E.g. manufacture of cement, steel, aluminium)

EFFECTS:
Direct Temperature Effects
Increase in average temperature
More extreme heat waves during the summer; Less extreme cold spells during the winter
Harmful to those with heart problems, asthma, the elderly, the very young and the homeless
EXTREME EVENTS:
Extreme Events:
Heat waves; Cold waves; Storms; Floods and Droughts
Increase the risk of some infectious diseases
Climate-sensitive diseases
[particularly that appear in warm areas; are spread by mosquitoes and other insects]
E.g. Malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, encephalitis
Algal blooms occur more frequently as temperatures warm (particularly in areas with polluted waters)
Diseases (e.g. cholera) accompanying algal blooms become more frequent
Air Quality
An increase in the concentration of ground-level ozone
Damage lung tissue
Harmful for those with asthma and other chronic lung diseases
Food supply
Rising temperatures and variable precipitation
Decrease the production of staple foods in many of the poorest regions
Increasing risks of malnutrition
Population displacement
Rising sea levels
Increase the risk of coastal flooding
UV Exposure
Skin Cancer -an abnormal growth of skin tissues.
Premature aging-make the skin thick, wrinkled, and leathery
Cataracts -No longer have transparent lenses in their eyes
SOLUTIONS:
We cannot wait for governments to find a solution for this problem, each person can bring important help by
adopting a responsible lifestyle, starting from little daily things.

Here are 10 simple actions:

Help reduce global warming.
1. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
2. Use Less Heat and Air Conditioning
3. Change a Light Bulb
4. Drive Less

5. Buy energy-efficient products

6. Use Less Hot Water
7.Use the "Off" Switch
8. Plant more Trees
9.Avoid pollution
10. Encourage Others to Conserve