Google Slides: Matter: States of Matter, Density, and Phase Changes

VOCABULARY
Plasma
Matter
Solid
Liquid
Gas
SUMMARY
Matter surrounds you no matter where you go,
because everything around you, is matter! Any
substance that occupies space, is matter!
Matter can be found in four different states, a
solid, a liquid, a gas, and plasma.

QUESTIONS
1. Are there any other more specific
states of matter beside these four?
2. What else causes the states of
matter to change besides
temperatures differing?

NOTES:
Matter is everywhere! Anything that takes up space is
considered Matter! Its four states are:
-Solids
-Liquids
-Gases
-Plasma
Solids: Pencil, Tree, Jar, Phone, Table, Couch, Blender,
Scissors, Hairbrush, Backpack, Earring, Purse, Shoes,
Car, Paper, Markers, Tape, Legos, Stuffed Animal, Cup.
Liquid: Water, Lemonade, Rain, Cleaning
Chemicals/Solutions,
Gas: Car Fumes, Oxygen, Helium, Carbon Dioxide,
Natural Gas,

VOCABULARY
Physical change
Chemical change
Physical properties
Chemical properties

SUMMARY
A physical property or change causes no
change in a substance, but a chemical
property or change creates a new
substance.

QUESTIONS
Is there any possible way to return a
substance to its original state after it was
chemically changed?

Lab Station 1
Physical properties, chemical properties, physical
changes, and chemicals all help to define mass.
Physical Properties and Changes: Properties that
dont change the substance.
-Mass, density, weight, color, and volume can all be used
to describe physical properties.
Chemical Properties and Changes:Properties that
change the substance.
-Flammable, explosive, corrosive all can be used to
describe chemical properties.
A solid is a state of matter, but its particles are
packed tightly together, and has a definite shape
and a definite volume.

VOCABULARY
Liquid
Indefinite
Definite

SUMMARY
A liquid is a substance with an indefinite
shape, but definite volume. Its molecules
move around freely, and to calculate the
density of a liquid, you use the equations
d=m/v.
QUESTIONS
How are the molecules packed so tight,
but it is still easy for them to move
around freely?

Lab Station 2
Liquid: Any substance with an indefinite shape, but it
does have a definite volume.
-If a liquid is placed in an object, it will spread up as much
as possible.
The particles of a liquid are packed pretty close
together, except the molecules move around more
freely.
To calculate the density of a liquid, you do the same
thing as you would if you were working with a solid.
-However, liquids can be labeled by using centimeters, or
milliliters.
Density = mass divided by volume
Density of water = 1g/mL
-250 g = 250 mL
Water is known as a universal solvent, because it
has the chemical properties to dissolve many
solvents.

VOCABULARY
Charlies Law
Boyles Law
Compression

SUMMARY
When pressure increases, volume
decreases and vise versa. Gases have
molecules that occupy all of the space
given to them, because both their shape
and volume are indefinite.
QUESTIONS
Why do the molecules in a gas expand
and move freely?
Why dont they stay still and in place?

Lab Station 3
Gas: A gas does not have a definite shape, and it also
does not have a definite volume. It moves around freely,
and occupies all of the space available to it.
-Gases can be compressed r expanded when its volume
grows or shrinks.
-More compression=less volume
-less compression=more volume.
You use the same equation to find the density of a
gas, but it is labeled using cm or ml.
BOYLES LAW:
When the pressure of a gas is at constant temperature is
increased, the volume decreases.
CHARLES LAW:
When the temperature of a gas is increased at constant
pressure, its volume increases.

VOCABULARY
Solvent
Solute
Solution

SUMMARY
A solution is a combination of both a
solvent, and a solute. The solute is the
substance that is being dissolved, and
the solvent is the substance that
dissolves the solute.
QUESTIONS
What chemicals properties cause the
solvent to dissolve the solute?

Lab Station 4
Solvent: One substance that has the chemical
characteristics to dissolve another substance.
-Most of the time its water.
Solute:The substance that is being dissolved in the
solvent.
-Most of the time salt.
-Other examples are cool aid and chocolate milk mix.
Solution:A substance that has a solute dissolved in the
solvent.
-A solvent and a solute put together.
If you let the solution sit, it will eventually separate
back into a separate solvent and solute.
In the lab, the boiling point of the liquids increased
as things were added to them.
-Water = 100 degrees F
-Salt Water = 102 degrees F
-Copper Chloride Solution = 993 degrees C
Solute + Solvent = Solution. This is a physical
change.

VOCABULARY
Boyles Law
Charles's Law

SUMMARY
When gas particles expand, so does the
volume. When they compress, the gas
particles compress. Cold water caused
the bottle to decrease in volume.

QUESTIONS
Would the bottle pop from expanding if it
was placed in hot water?
Can gases become invisible if the
oxxupy a space big enough?

Lab Station 5
The bottle decreased in size when it went from hot
to cold, because the gas particles compressed.
The plastic form the water bottle popped as a result
of the compression.
If the volume decreased when the bottle went from
hot to cold, it would increase if the bottle went from
cold to hot.
The volume increases or decreases, because the
gas particles expand and compress.
Gases do not have a definite shape or volume.
Gases spread apart to fill all of the space available
to them
Boyles Law: When there is low pressure, there is
high volume.
Charles's Law: When there is high pressure, there is
low volume.

VOCABULARY
Curding
Precipitate

SUMMARY
The mass of vinegar and heavy cream
were the same both before, and after
they were combined.

QUESTIONS
What chemical reaction caused the
heavy cream to become a solid once it
was combined with the vinegar?

Lab Station 6
When two liquids combine to make a solid, they
precipitate
The heavy cream and vinegar were put on the digital
scale with the weighing dish before tey were
combined.
They were also weighed after they combined, and
they mass was the same both times - this
represents The Law of Conservation of Mass and
Energy.
LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS
-States of mass and energy cannot be lost or gained
during a physical of chemical change.
The cream and the vinegar caused the cream to
become more of a solid. When the two were
combined, this is a process is how cheese is made.
In the lab, all of the equipment weighed individually
had the same mass as all of the equipment
measured together.
In part two of the lab, the salt is the solute, the water
is the solvent, and salt water is the solution.