TutorialHarmonicsAnalysis

Inthistutorial,wedemonstratehowtouseseveralofharmonicsanalysisfeaturesinEasyPowerSpectrum.Threefeatures
arecoveredinparticular:
Thesummationofallharmonics
Thecurrentlowofindividualharmonics
Thefrequencyscan

HarmonicsFocus
Toperformanarclashanalysis,youmustbeintheHarmonicsfocus.
1.FromtheFilemenu,clickOpenFile.
Tip:IfyouareviewingtheStartPage,youcanclickOpenOnelineinstead.
2.OpentheBigger.dezileinyourSamplesdirectory.
3.Click
4.Click

Maximizeontheonelinewindow,ifneeded,toillthesessionwindowwiththeoneline.
HarmonicsontheHometabtoopentheHarmonicsfocus.

SummationofHarmonics
Click

Summation.Totalharmonicdistortionvaluesaredisplayedontheonelineasshownintheigurebelow.

Figure1:HarmonicDistortionCalculations
Bydefault,
CurrentTotalHarmonicDistortionand
VoltageTotalHarmonicDistortionareselected.Thevertical
andhorizontalnumbersontheonelineindicateITHDandthediagonalnumbersonthebusesindicateVTHD.

Intheexampleabove,theITHDthroughthecapacitoronBUS2is10.692amps.TheVTHDonBUS2is0.427%.(Thecurrent
andvoltageunitscanbemodiiedinthe
CurrentRootSumSquaredand

HarmonicsOptions>OnelineOutputtab.)
VoltageRootSumSquareddisplayIRSSandVRSSvaluesontheoneline.These

currentsandvoltages,whichincludefundamentalandharmonics,areequivalenttoIRMSandVRMS.IntheHarmonics
focus,thefundamentalvoltageateachbusisassumedtobe1perunit.(ThiscanbemodiiedinHarmonicsOptions>
Control.)Thefundamentalcurrentsforeachequipmentitemareassumedtobeeitherthefullloadcurrentratingofthe
equipmentorthecalculatedcurrentat1perunitvoltage.
Additionalsummationinformationisalsoavailableforonelinedisplay:
ITProductand

kVTProductindicateinterferencethatcouldoccuronanearbytelephonecircuit.

VoltageSumdeterminespeakvoltageforcomparisonwithequipment(forexample,capacitor)peakvoltage
capability.
Lossesindicatesthesumoffundamentalandharmoniclossesonindividualequipment.
TransformerKfactorand

TransformerDeratingshowderatingvaluesbasedonANSIC57.110.

ConductorDeratingdeterminesthemaximumfundamentalloadthatcanbesuppliedtoaconductorwith
harmonicspresent.

FrequencyScan
1.DoubleclickonBUS2ontheoneline.Afrequencyscansimilartotheonebelowisdisplayed.Dragthesplitterbarto
therighttoviewthevaluesforeachcalculatedharmonic.

Figure2:FrequencyScan
Thisfrequencyscan,bydefault,isbasedona1.0perunitcurrentinjectiononBUS2.ThescandisplaystheBUS2
perunitvoltagewithrespecttotheharmonicfrequencyofthisinjectedcurrent.Thisperunitvoltagecanalsobe
consideredaperunitimpedanceaslongasthecurrentinjectionremains1.0perunit.

2.Doubleclickintheplotareatocustomizethefrequencyscanwindow.Forexample,doubleclickingonthecurve
enablesyoutospecifyadifferentstyle,color,andweightforthecurve.Youcanrightclickintheplotwindowtoview
alltheavailableplotformatoptions.
3.Clickthelower
line.

Closebuttononthetoprightofthewindowtoclosetheplotwindow.Thisreturnsyoutotheone

SummationBarChart
1.Ontheoneline,selectabusand/orbranch.
2.Click

SummationBarChartontheHarmonicstab.

Thisopensabarchartthatdisplaysthedifferentharmonicspresentinthebuses(voltage)orbranches(current).

Figure3:HarmonicsBarChartExample

HarmonicCurrentFlow
Therearetwodistinctmethodsforharmoniccurrentlowsolutions:
TheSingleSourceCurrentFlow
TheAllSourceCurrentFlow

SingleSourceCurrentFlow
1.Ifyouarecurrentlyviewingthebarchart,closeittoviewtheonelinewindow.
2.SelectBUS2(sothatitturnsgreen).
3.Click

SinglePt(SinglePointCurrentFlow).Youronelineshoulddisplaythevaluesshowninigurebelow.

TheSingleSourceCurrentFlowdisplayscurrentsandvoltagesthroughoutthesystembasedonasingleharmonic
currentinjectionatabus.Inthecaseabove,1.0perunit(or481amps)of5thharmoniccurrentareinjectedinto
BUS2.Theresultant5thharmoniccurrent(inamps)andvoltage(insystemperunit)aredisplayedontheoneline.

(TheunitsandinjectioncurrentcanbemodiiedintheHarmonicsOptionsdialog.)Thisinformationisusefulfor
determininghowaparticularharmoniccurrentwilllowandwhatequipmentwillbeaffected.

Figure4:FifthHarmonicCurrentFlowBasedonBUS2Injection

AllSourceCurrentFlow
1.Click

FindSelect.

2.IntheFinddialogbox,underItemType,select2WTransformer,andinIDNameofItemtoFind,typeTX4.
3.ClickOK.
4.Click AllSource(AllSourceCurrentFlow).Youronelineshouldlooksimilartotheigurebelow(wehavemoved
itemsslightlytodisplaythenumbersbetter).

Figure5:FifthHarmonicCurrentFlowBasedOnAllSourceInjections
ThemotorsunderbusSWG12representan18pulsedrive.Eachmotorinjectsaspectrumofharmonics.(The
injectedharmonicspectrumisspeciiedineachMotorDatadatabasedialogbox.TheEasyPowerdevicelibraryalso
containstypicalharmonicspectrawhichcanbeimported.)Thecurrentsandvoltagesarebasedonalltheifth
harmonicinjectionsfromthesourcesinthesystem.ThisspeciiedharmoniccanbemodiiedintheHarmonics
Optionsdialogbox.NoticethattheifthharmoniccurrentscancelontransformerTX12duetophasecancellation.
TheAllSourceCurrentFlowfeaturedetermineslowsinanetworkwithallsourcescontributing.

HarmonicsTextReports
HarmonicsReportsenablesyoutocreateharmonicstextreports.Whenthereportcheckboxesareselectedinthe
HarmonicsOptionsdialogbox,tabulatedtextreportinformationiscreatedduringeachharmonicsSummationAllor
CurrentFlowoperation.Thesetextreportscanbeopenedaftertheyhavebeencreatedbyselectingtheappropriatereport
fromundertheWindowbutton.

Figure6:HarmonicsTextReportExample