Chapter 6

SanitaryDrainage
6.1

PURPOSE

Thepurposeofthischapteristosetforthprovisionsforplanning,designandinstallationofwastedisposalsystems
inandoutofbuildings

6.2

SCOPE

6.2.1

Thischapterspecifiesthegeneralrequirementsforenvironmentalsanitationfordifferentcategoriesofbuildings
accordingtotheiroccupancyclassification.

6.2.2

This chapter alsocovers the design, installation and maintenance ofdrainage systems togetherwith all ancillary
workssuchasmanholesandinspectionchambersusedwithinthebuildingandfromthebuildingtopublicsewers
ortooffsitewastedisposalsystem(i.e.intoseptictanksandseepagepitsorsubsurfacedrainagesystem).

6.2.3

Thedisposalofwastesfromindustries,nuclearplants,slaughterhouses,etc.arenotcoveredbythisCode.These
wastes shall be properly treated as specified by environmental quality standards of Bangladesh before their
disposalintopublicsewersorintonaturalbodiesofwater.

6.3

TERMINOLOGY

ThissectionprovidesanalphabeticallistofalltermsusedandapplicabletothischapteroftheCode.Incaseofany
conflict or contradiction between a definition given in this section and that in any other chapter or part of the
Code,themeaningspecifiedinthischaptershallgovernforinterpretationoftheprovisionsofthischapter.
BEDDINGFACTOR:Theratiooftheproductofdesignloadandfactorofsafetytotheminimumcrushingstrength.
BRANCH:Anypartofthepipingsystemotherthanamain,riser,orstack.
BRANCHINTERVAL:Thelengthofsoilorwastestackcorrespondingingeneraltoastoreyheight,butinnocase
less than 2.5 m within which the horizontal branches from one floor or storey of building are connected to the
stack.
BRANCHVENT:Theventconnectingoneormoreindividualventswithaventstackorstackvent.
BUILDING DRAIN : The building (house) drain is that part of the lowest piping or open channel of a drainage
systemwhichreceivesthedischargesfromsoil,waste,andotherdrainagesystemsinsidethewallsofthebuilding
andconveysthesametothebuilding(house)sewer,beginningat0.9moutsidethebuildingwall.

Part8
BuildingServices

8237

Part8
BuildingServices

BUILDING SEWER : The building (house) sewer is that part of the horizontal piping of a drainage system which
extendsfromtheendofthebuildingdrainandwhichreceivesthedischargeofthebuildingdrainandconveysitto
apublicsewer,privatesewer,individualsewagedisposalsystem,orotherpointofdisposal.AlsoknownasSEWER.
CIRCUITVENT:Ventingofbranchdrainagepipewithwhichmultiplefixturesareconnectedinbattery.
DRAIN:Adrainisanypipeoropenchannelwhichcarrieswastewaterorwaterbornewastesinabuildingdrainage
system.
DRAINAGESYSTEM:Adrainagesystem(drainagepiping)includesallthepipingwithinpublicorprivatepremises,
which conveys sewage, rain water, or other liquid wastes to a legal point of disposal, but does not include the
mainsofapublicsewersystemoraprivateorpublicsewagetreatmentordisposalplant.
DRINKINGFOUNTAIN:Afountainoratapwithpotablewatersupplyconnection.
EXISTINGWORK:Theexistingworkisaplumbingsystemoranypartthereofwhichwasinstalledpriortothedate
ofenforcementofthisCode.
FIXTUREUNIT:Afixtureunitisaquantityintermsofwhichtheloadproducingeffectsontheplumbingsystemof
differentkindsofplumbingfixturesareexpressedonsomearbitrarilychosenscale.
FLUSHVALVES:Aflushvalveisadeviceinstalledonthefixturesforthepurposeofflushingthosefixtures.
FRENCHDRAIN:Ashallowtrenchfilledwithcoarserubble,clinkerorsimilarmaterialwithorwithoutfielddrain
pipes.
GRADE:Thegradeistheslopeorfallofapipeinreferencetoahorizontalplane.Indrainageitisusuallyexpressed
asthefallinmmpermlengthofpipe.
HORIZONTALBRANCH:Ahorizontalbranchisadrainpipeextendinglaterallyfromasoilorwastestackorbuilding
drain,withorwithoutverticalsectionsorbranches,whichreceivesthedischargefromoneormorefixturedrains
andconductsittothesoilorwastestackortothebuilding(house)drain.
HORIZONTALPIPE:Ahorizontalpipeisanypipeorfittingwhichisinstalledinahorizontalpositionorwhichmakes
anangleoflessthan45degreeswiththehorizontal.
IMHOFF TANK: These are twostoreyed settling cum digestion tanks used for primary treatment of domestic
sewageinaveryanaerobicenvironment.
INDIVIDUALVENT: An individual vent is a pipe installed to vent a fixture trap and which connects with the vent
systemabovethefixtureservedorterminatesintheopenair.
INTERCEPTOR: An interceptor is a device designed and installed so as to separate and retain deleterious,
hazardous, or undesirable matter from normal wastes and permit normal or liquid wastes to discharge into the
disposalterminalbygravity.
INVERT:Thelowestpointoftheinternalsurfaceofapipeorchannelatanycrosssection.
KITCHENSINK:Sinkorwashingfacilitiesraisedaboveoratthelevelofthefloorfittedwithatap.
LEADER:Averticaldrainagepipethatcarriesrainwaterfromrooforgutterdraintobuildingstormdrainorbuilding
drainorprivatedisposalsystem.ItisalsocalledRainwaterDownPipe(RDP)
LIQUIDWASTE:Theliquidwasteisthedischargefromanyfixture,appliance,orappurtenanceinconnectionwitha
plumbingsystemwhichdoesnotreceivefaecalmatter.
LOAD FACTOR: The load factor is the percentage of the total connected fixture unit flow rate which is likely to
occuratanypointinthedrainagesystem.Itvarieswiththetypeofoccupancy,thetotalflowunitabovethepoint
beingconsidered,andwiththeprobabilityfactorofsimultaneoususe.

8238

Vol.3

SanitaryDrainage

Chapter6

LOCALVENTSTACK:Averticalpipingtowhichconnectionsaremadefromthedischargesideoftrapsandthrough
whichvapourorfoulgasisremovedfromthefixtureordeviceusedonbedpanwasher.
LOOPVENT:AlsocalledCircuitvent.SeeCIRCUITVENT.
MAIN:Themainofanysystemofcontinuouspipingistheprincipalarteryofthesystem,towhichbranchesmaybe
connected.
MAINSEWER:SeePUBLICSEWER.
MAINVENT:Themainventistheprincipalarteryoftheventingsystem,towhichventbranchesareconnected.
MANHOLE:Anopeningthroughwhichamanmayenterorleaveadrain,asewerorotherclosedstructurefor
inspection,cleaningandothermaintenanceoperations,fittedwithasuitablecover.
MANHOLECHAMBER:Achamberconstructedonadrainorsewersoastoprovideaccesstheretoforinspection,
testingortheclearanceofobstruction.
NONSERVICELATRINE:Alatrineotherthanservicelatrine.
OFFSET:Anoffsetinalineofpipingisacombinationofelbowsorbendswhichbringsonesectionofthepipeout
oflinebutintoalineparallelwiththeothersection.
PIPESYSTEM:Thesystemtobeadoptedwilldependonthetypeandplanningofthebuildinginwhichitistobe
installedandwillbeoneofthefollowing:
a) SingleStackSystem(seeFig8.6.1):Theonepipesystemwithouttrapventilationpipework.
b) OnePipeSystem(seeFig8.6.2):Theplumbingsysteminwhichthewastefromsinks,bathroomsandwash
basins,andsoilpipebranchesareallcollectedintoonemainpipeconnecteddirectlytothedrainagesystem.Gully
trapsandwastepipesarecompletelydispensedwithbutallthetrapsofwaterclosets,basins,etc.arecompletely
ventilatedtopreservethewaterseal.
c) TwoPipeSystem(seeFig8.6.3):Adischargepipesystemcomprisingtwoindependentdischargepipes,one
conveying soil directly to the drain, the other conveying waste water to the drain through a trapped gully. The
systemmayalsorequireventilatingpipes.
PLUMBING : The plumbing includes the practice, materials, and fixtures used in the installation, maintenance,
extension, and alteration of all piping, fixtures, appliances, and appurtenances in connection with any of the
following:sanitarydrainageorstormdrainagefacilities,theventingsystemandthepublicorprivatewatersupply
systems,withinoradjacenttoanybuilding,structure,orconveyance;alsothepracticeandmaterialsusedinthe
installation,maintenance,extension,oralterationofthestormwater,liquidwaste,orsewerage,andwatersupply
systemsofanypremisestotheirconnectionwithinanypointofpublicdisposalorotheracceptableterminal.
PLUMBINGFIXTURES:Theplumbingfixturesareinstalledreceptacles,devices,orapplianceswhicharesupplied
withwaterorwhichreceiveordischargeliquidsorliquidbornewastes,withorwithoutdischargeintothedrainage
systemwithwhichtheymaybedirectlyorindirectlyconnected.
PLUMBINGSYSTEM:Theplumbingsystemincludesthewatersupplyanddistributionpipes,plumbingfixturesand
traps, soil, waste and vent pipes, building drains and building sewers, including their respective connections,
devices, and appurtenances within the property lines of the premises, and water treating or water using
equipment.
PUBLICSEWER : A public sewer is a common sewer directlycontrolled by public authority. Alsoknown as MAIN
SEWER.
RELIEFVENT:Areliefventisaventtheprimaryfunctionofwhichistoprovidecirculationofairbetweendrainage
andventsystems(Fig8.6.6).

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

8239

Part8
BuildingServices

RISER:Awatersupplypipethatextendsverticallyonefullstoreyormoretoconveywatertobranchesorfixtures.
SANITARYSEWER:Asanitarysewerisapipewhichcarriessewageandexcludesstorm,surface,andgroundwater.
AlsoknownasSEWER.
SEEPAGEPIT:SeeSOAKPIT.
SEPTICTANK:Aseptictankisawatertightsettlingtankwhichreceivesthedischargeofadrainagesystemorpart
thereofandisdesignedandconstructedsoastoseparatesolidsfromtheliquid,digestorganicmatterthrougha
periodofdetention,andallowtheliquidstodischargeintothesoiloutsidethetankthroughasystemofopenjoint
orperforatedpipingordisposalpit(Fig8.6.15).
SERVICELATRINE:Alatrinefromwhichtheexcretaareremovedbymanualagencyandnotbywatercarriage.
SEWAGE:Thesewageisanyliquidwastecontaininganimalorvegetablematterinsuspensionorsolutionandmay
includeliquidscontainingchemicalsinsolution.
SEWER:SeeBUILDINGSEWERorPUBLICSEWERorSANITARYSEWERorSTORMSEWER.
SLUDGE : A settled portion of the sewage or waste water effluent from a sedimentation tank in semisolid
condition.
SOAKPIT:Apit,dugintopermeablesoillinedtoformacoveredperforatedchamberorfilledwithsandatthe
bottomandgravelorbrokenbricksatthetopintowhicheffluentfromseptictankorstormwaterisledandfrom
whichthesemaysoakawayintotheground.AlsoknownasSEEPAGEPITorSOAKWELL.
SOAKWELL:SeeSOAKPIT.
SOILPIPE:Asoilpipeisanypipewhichconveysthedischargeofwaterclosets,urinals,orfixtureshavingsimilar
functions,withorwithoutthedischargefromotherfixtures,tothebuildingdrainorbuildingsewer.
SOILVENT:SeeSTACKVENT.
STACK:Astackistheverticalmainofasystemofsoil,waste,orventpiping.
STACKVENT:Astackvent(sometimescalledawasteventorsoilvent)istheextensionofsoilorwastestackabove
thehighesthorizontaldrainconnectedtothestack.AlsoknownasSOILVENT.
STACKVENTING:Stackventingisamethodofventingafixtureorfixturesthroughthesoilorwastestack.
STERILIZER VENT : A separate pipe or stack, indirectly connected to the building drainage system at the lower
terminal, which receives the vapour from non pressure sterilizers or the exhaust from pressure sterilizers and
conductthevapourdirectlytotheouterair.
SUBSOILDRAIN:Asubsoildrainisadrainwhichreceivesonlysubsurfaceorseepagewaterandconveysittoa
placeofdisposal.
SULLAGE:Thedischargefromwashbasins,sinksandsimilarappliances,whichdoesnotcontainhumanoranimal
excreta.
SUMP : A sump is a tank or pit which receives sewage or liquid waste, located below the normal grade of the
gravitysystem,andwhichmustbeemptiedbymechanicalmeans.
SUPPORTS:Thesupports,hangers,andanchorsaredevicesforsupportingandsecuringpipeandfixturestowalls,
ceilings,floors,orstructuralmembers.
TRAP:Atrapisafittingordevicesodesignedandconstructedastoprovide,whenproperlyvented,aliquidseal
whichwillpreventthebackpassageofairorgaswithoutmateriallyaffectingtheflowofsewageorwastewater
throughit.

8240

Vol.3

SanitaryDrainage

Chapter6

TRAPSEAL:Thetrapsealisthemaximumverticaldepthofliquidthatatrapwillretain,measuredbetweenthe
crownweirandthetopofthedipofthetrap.
VENTPIPE:SeeVENTSYSTEM.
VENTSTACK:Aventstackisaverticalventpipeinstalledprimarilyforthepurposeofprovidingcirculationofairto
andfromanypartofthedrainagesystem.
VENTSYSTEM:Aventsystemisapipeorpipesinstalledtoprovideaflowofairtoorfromadrainagesystemorto
provideacirculationofairwithinsuchsystemtoprotecttrapsealsfromsiphonageandbackpressure.Alsoknown
asVENTPIPE.
VERTICALPIPE:Averticalpipeisanypipeorfittingwhichisinstalledinaverticalpositionorwhichmakesanangle
ofnotmorethan45degreeswiththevertical.
WASTEPIPE:Awastepipeisapipewhichconveysonlyliquidwastefreeoffaecalmatter.
YOKEVENT:Ayokeventisaventprovidedbetweendrainageandventstackstoprovidecirculationofairbetween
drainageandventsystems(Fig8.6.6).

6.4

DRAINAGEANDSANITATIONPLANS

6.4.1

RequirementofPermit

DrainageandsanitationsystemshallnotbeinstalleduntilapermitforsuchworkhasbeenissuedbytheAuthority
forexisting(onlyforadditionorforalteration)ornewbuildingorforanyotherpremises.

6.4.2

ApplicationforPermit

An application for a permit for drainage and sanitation work shall be made on a prescribed form (see Appendix
8.5.A)bythelicensedplumberandtheowner,orbyhisappointedpersonoragenttoinstallalloraselfcontained
orworkablepartofsuchwork.Theapplicationshallaccompanybuildingdrainageplansandadequatedescription
oftheproposeddrainageandsanitationinstallationinadrawing(drawntoascalenotlessthan1:100)withthe
followingdetails:
a)

plan(s)ofthebuildingwithtypicalarrangementofplumbingfixtures;

b) sanitarywastedisposalsystem;
c)

ventingsysteminthebuildingdrainagesystem;

d) materials,sizesandgradientsofallproposedpiping;
e) the position of manhole, traps, waste pipe, rainwater pipe, vent pipe, water closet, urinal,
lavatory, sink or other appliances in the premises and their connection with sewerage/drainage
system or with private waste disposal system; the following colours may be used to indicate
sewers,wastewaterpipes,rainwaterpipesandexistingworks:
proposedsanitarysewersandsanitarywastedisposalpipes:

red

proposedsanitarysewersandsanitarywastedisposalpipes:

blue

existingnetwork:

black

f)

the position of refuse chute, inlet hopper and collection chamber for buildings more than six
storeyshigh.

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

8241

Part8
BuildingServices

6.4.3

Inadditiontodrainageplanaseparatesiteplanofthebuildingshallbesubmittedwiththefollowingparticulars:
a)

adjoiningplotsandstreetswiththeiridentification;

b) thepositionandinvertlevelofthepublicsewers(ifany)andthedirectionofflowinit;
c)

theleveloftheproposeddrainsconnectingtothesewers(ifany);

d) thepositionandlayoutofprivatewastedisposalsystem(inabsenceofpublicsewers);and
e) thealignment,sizeandgradientsofalldrains.

6.4.4

For high rise buildings, design calculations and specifications for various items of the work involved shall be
submittedalongwiththedrawings.

6.4.5

PermitsandApprovals

Thebuildingofficialshallexamineorcausetobeexaminedallapplicationsforpermitsand,amendmentsthereto
within45days.Iftheapplicationdoesnotconformtotherequirementsofallpertinentlaws,suchapplicationshall
berejectedinwriting,statingthereasonstherefore.IftheproposedworksatisfiesalltheCoderequirements,the
Authorityshallissueanontransferablepermit.

6.5

LICENSINGOFPLUMBER

6.5.1

LicenseRequirement

No individual, partnership, corporation or firm shall engage in the business of installation, repair, alteration or
maintenanceofplumbing,drainageandsanitationworkwithoutobtainingalicensefromtheAuthority.

6.5.2

ExaminationandCertification

TheBuildingAuthorityshallestablishaplumbersexaminationboard.Theboardwilldeterminetherequirements
for the qualification and procedures for examination ofapplicants for license. The Authoritywill issue license to
such applicants who meet the qualifications therefore and successfully pass the examination conducted by the
board.

6.5.3

AnnulmentofLicense

ThelicenseofalicensedplumbermaybenullifiedbytheBuildingAuthority,ifitisprovedthataplumbingworkhas
been completed and certified by the licensed plumber violating the provisions of this Code deliberately setting
asidetheapprovalsgiveninthepermitorwithoutreceivingthepermitfromtheBuildingAuthority.

6.6

DRAINAGEANDSANITATIONREQUIREMENT

6.6.1

General

6.6.1.1

Eachfamilydwellingunitonpremisesabuttingapublicsewerorwithaprivatewastedisposalsystemshallhaveat
leastonewaterclosetandonekitchensinkorwashingfacilities.Itisrecommendedtohaveatleastonebathroom
withabathtuborshowertomeetthebasicrequirementsofsanitationandpersonalhygieneandinthatcasebath
andwaterclosetshallbeseparatelyaccommodated.

8242

Vol.3

SanitaryDrainage

Chapter6

6.6.1.2

All other structures for human occupancy or use on premises abutting a sewer or with a private waste disposal
systemshallhaveadequatesanitaryfacilitiesbutinnocaselessthanonewaterclosetandoneotherfixturefor
cleaningpurposes.

6.6.1.3

Thereshallbeonewatertapandarrangementfordrainageinthevicinityofeachwaterclosetinallbuildings.

6.6.1.4

Thereshallbeatleastonewatertapandarrangementfordrainageinthevicinityofeachurinalorgroupofurinals
inallbuildings.

6.6.1.5

There shall be separate facilities for each sex for public toilets and for public bathing places based on the
percentageofeachanticipatedsex.

6.6.1.6

Wheredrinkingwaterfountainisprovided,itshallnotbeinstalledintoiletroom.

6.6.1.7

Rooms containing water closets or urinals shall be separated by partition wall from places where food will be
preparedandserved.

6.6.1.8

Allwaterclosetsandurinalsshallbeprovidedwithflushingsystem.

6.6.2

MinimumNumberofFixtures

Table8.6.1andSec6.6.2.1and6.6.2.2providetheminimumnumberoffixturesrequiredfordifferentcategoriesof
buildingsaccordingtotheiroccupancyclassifications.Thefixturerequirementfortheoccupancynotprovidedin
thesesectionsshallbesubjecttotheapprovaloftheBuildingAuthority.

6.6.2.1

TheSizeofdrainagepipeoffixturesshallbeprovidedasshowninTable8.6.0.
Table8.6.0:Theminimuminternaldiameterforsanitaryappliancesshallbeasfollows:

SanitaryApplianceMinimumInternalDiameterofWasteOutletmm
Soilappliances
a)IndianandEuropeantypewater

100

closets
b)Bedpanwashersandslopsinks

100

c)Urinalwithintegraltraps

75

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

8243

Part8
BuildingServices

d)Stallurinals(withnotmorethan50
120mmofchanneldrainage)

40

e)Lippedurinalsmallhge

40

Wasteappliances

6.6.2.2

f)Drinkingfountain

25

g)Washbasin

32

h)Bidets

32

j)Domesticsinksandbaths

40

k)Showerbathtrays

40

m)Domesticbathtubs

50

n)Hotelandcanteensinks

50

p)Floortraps(outletdiameter)

65

AutomaticClothesWashers

Waste connection. The waste from an automatic clothes washer shall discharge through an air break into a
standpipein.Thetrapandfixturedrainforanautomaticclotheswasherstandpipeshallbeaminimumof2inches
(51mm)indiameter.

6.6.2.3

Floordrains

Floor drains shall have removable strainers. The floor drain shall be constructed so that the drain is capable of
beingcleaned.Accessshallbeprovidedtothedrain.

6.6.2.4

PhysicallyHandicappedPlumbingFacilities

All buildings other than residential, educational, storage and hazardous according to building occupancy
classification,havingpublictoiletfacilitieswithrequirednumberoffixturesshallhaveatleastonewaterclosetfor
each sex (or one unisex water closet facility) and one drinking fountain accessible to and usable by physically
handicapped persons. The water closet compartment for physically handicapped persons shall be in accordance
withSec6.9.4.

6.6.2.5

DrainageandSanitationRequirementsforTrafficTerminalStations

a) The minimum sanitary conveniences provided at any traffic terminal station like railway station, bus station
etc.shallconsistofnonservicetypelatrinesoneforeachsex,andonenonservicetypeurinalformalesforadaily
passengervolumeupto300persons.Forlargestationsandairports,sanitaryarrangementsshallbeinaccordance
withTable8.6.1.
b) Thereshall beadequate arrangements for satisfactory drainage ofall sewage, sullage and waste water.The
drainage shall be so designed as to cause no stagnation at the maximum discharge rate for which the different
unitsaredesigned.

8244

Vol.3

SanitaryDrainage

Chapter6

c) Adequate scavenging arrangements shall be provided to keep the stations or terminals clear of all refuse.
Refusecontainersshallbeplacedatconvenientpoints.

6.6.3

Accessibility

ThefixturesspecifiedinSec7.6.2forpublicbuildingshallbelocatednotmorethanonefloorabovenormorethan
onefloorbelowtheflooroccupiedbythepeopleforwhoseusethefixturesareintended,unlesselevatorserviceis
available, except that in buildings which are accessible to the physically handicapped, there shall be minimum
facilities as specified bythe Code.Itis desirable thatthe path of travel tothe facilitiesshall not exceedatravel
distanceof150m.

6.7

MATERIALSANDAPPLIANCES

Different sanitary appliances, materials and fittings listed in Tables 8.6.1 to 8.6.4 and 8.5.9 (Chapter 5) shall
conformtothestandardoroneofthestandardscitedagainstthem.Forotherappliances,materialsandfittings
notprovidedinTables8.6.2to8.6.5and8.5.9(Chapter5)shallbesubjecttotheapprovaloftheBuildingAuthority.
Applicable standards for different materials and appliances have also been listed in Part5.

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

8245

Table8.6.1:PlumbingFixturesRequirement
TypeofBuildingOccupancy
AResidentialBuildings
A1DetachedSingleFamily
Dwelling
A2FlatsorApartments
A4MinimumStandardHousing
A3Mess,BoardingHousesand
Hostels
ForResidenceand
ResidentialStaff

ForNonresidentialStaff

RoomswhereinOutsidersare
Received

WaterClosets*

Urinals**

WashBasins***

BathtubsorShower

DrinkingFountains

OtherFixtures

1perdwellingorapartment

1perdwellingor
apartment

1perdwellingor
apartment

1kitchensink
perdwelling

Males:1for8persons
Females:1for6persons

Males:1for25persons
upto150persons.
Add1fixtureforeach
additional50persons
Males:
Nilupto6persons
1for720persons
2for2145persons
3for4670persons
4for71100persons

Males:1for8persons
Females:1for6persons

Males:1for8persons
Females:1for6persons

1for75persons

1kitchensinkin
eachkitchen

1for100persons

Males:
1for115persons
2for1635persons
3for3665persons
4for66100persons
Females:
1for112persons
2for1325persons
3for2640persons
4for4157persons
5for5877persons
6for78100persons

Males:
1for100personsupto400
personsandadd1fixturefor
additional250persons
Females:
2for100personsupto200
personsandadd1fixturefor
additional100persons.

Males:
1for50persons

Males:
1for115persons
2for1635persons
3for3665persons
4for66100persons
Females:
1for112persons
2for1325persons
3for2640persons
4for4157persons
5for5877persons
6for78100persons

Male:
1perwaterclosetand1
perurinalorgroupof
urinals
Females:
1perwatercloset

(Continuedtonextpage)
Part8
BuildingServices

8246

SanitaryDrainage

Chapter6

TypeofBuildingOccupancy
Houses
ForResidentialPublicandStaff

ForPublicRooms

ForNonresidentialStaff

WaterClosets*

1for8personsomittingthe
occupantoftheroomwith
attachedwatercloset;
minimumof2ifbothsexare
lodged.
Males:
1for100personsupto400
personsandadd1for
additional250personsor
partthereof.
Females:
2for100personsupto200
personsandadd1for
additional100personsor
partthereof.
Males:
1for115persons
2for1635persons
3for3665persons
4for66100persons
Females:
1for112persons
2for1325persons
3for2640persons
4for4157persons
5for5877persons
6for78100persons

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

Table8.6.1(Contd.)
PlumbingFixturesRequirement

Urinals**
WashBasins***

1for10personsomitting
thewashbasinsinstalled
intheroomorsuite.

Males:
1for50persons

BathtubsorShower

1for10personsomitting
theoccupantsofthe
roomwithbathinsuite.

DrinkingFountains

1for100persons

OtherFixtures

1kitchensinkin
eachkitchen

1for100persons

1for100persons

Males:
1perwaterclosetand
1perurinalorgroupor
urinals
Females:
1perwatercloset

Males:
Nilupto6persons
1for720persons
2for2145persons
3for4670persons
4for71100persons

Males:
1for115persons
2for1635persons
3for3665persons
4for66100persons
Females:
1for112persons
2for1325persons
3for2640persons
4for4157persons
5for5877persons
6for78100persons

(Continuedtonextpage)

8247

Part8
BuildingServices

TypeofBuildingOccupancy
BEducationalBuilding
B1EducationFacilities

Table8.6.1(Contd.)
PlumbingFixturesRequirement

Urinals**
WashBasins***

Males:
Males:
1for20persons
1for60personsbut
minimum2
Females:
1for40personsbut
minimum2

1for15children

WaterClosets*

Males:
1for40persons
Females:
1for25persons

B2PreschoolFacilities

1for15children

CInstitutionalBuildings
C1InstitutionforCareof
Children

Boys:1forboys
Girls:1forgirls

C2CustodialInstitutionsfor
PhysicallyCapable

C3CustodialInstitutionforthe
Incapable

1unisexfacilityor1foreach
sexfor1100persons

2unisexfacilitiesor1unisex
facilityand1foreachsexfor
100200persons.Over200
personsoneadditional
unisexfacilityor1foreach
sexforeachadditional100
persons.
1percell

C4PenalandMentalInstitutions

8248

Urinalsmaybe
providedinboystoilet
roomsinlieuofwater
closetsbutfornot
morethanofthe
requirednumberof
waterclosets

BathtubsorShower

DrinkingFountains

OtherFixtures

1for50persons

Servicesink:
1perfloor.

1for50children

Boys:1for8boys
Girls:1for6girls

1for8persons(boysor
girls)

1for50persons
(boysorgirls)

1for200persons

1for10personsbutnot
lessthat1forusebyboth
sexes.

1for100persons

Servicesink:
1perfloor

1for15persons

1for100persons

Servicesink

1percell
(Continuedtonextpage)

Vol.3

Servicesink:
1perfloor

Servicesink:1
perfloor

SanitaryDrainage

Chapter6

TypeofBuildingOccupancy
DHealthCareBuilding
D1NormalMedicalFacilities
(IndoorPatientWard)

D2EmergencyMedicalFacilities
andOutdoorPatientWard
EAssemblyBuilding
E1largeAssemblywith
FixedSeats
E2SmallAssemblywith
FixedSeats
E3LargeAssembly
withoutFixedSeats
E4SmallAssembly
withoutFixedSeats
Mosque

Table8.6.1(Contd.)

PlumbingFixturesRequirement
Urinals**
WashBasins***

2upto30patientsand
add1fixturefor
additional30patients

WaterClosets*

1for8patient
(maleorfemale)

Males:1for100persons
Females:2for100persons

1for30persons

Males:1for50persons

1fro100persons

BathtubsorShower

DrinkingFountains

1for8patients

1for75patients

1forpersons

OtherFixtures

Servicesink:
1foreachward.
Bedpanwashing
sink:1foreach
ward.
Kitchensink:
1foreachkitchen
Servicesink:
1foreachward

1for100persons

Watertapswith
drainage
arrangement:1for
10persons

1for100persons

JunctionStations,
IntermediateStations,
TerminalStationsand
BusTerminals

Males:Min2,4for1000
personsandadd1for
additional1000persons.
Females:Min2,5for1000
personsandthenadd1for
additional1000persons

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

Males:Min2,4for1000
personsandadd1for
additional1000persons.

Females:Min2,6for
1000personsandthen
add1foradditional1000
persons
(Continuedtonextpage)

Male:Min2,4for1000
personsandthenadd1
foradditional1000
persons

1for300persons

8249

Servicesink:
1perfloor

Part8
BuildingServices

TypeofBuildingOccupancy
DomesticAirport
Minimum
for200persons
for400persons
for600persons
for800persons
for1000persons
InternationalAirport
for200persons
for600persons
for1000persons

WaterClosets*

Males:2Females:2
Males:4Females:5
Males:6Females:8
Males:8Females:10
Males:9Females:13
Males:10Females:13

Males:6Females:10
Males:12Females:20
Males:18Females:29

Cinemas,Concerthalls,
Theatres(forpublicuse)

Males:1for100persons
Upto400persons.
Add1foreachadditional250persons.
Females:3for100personsupto200
persons.
Add2foreachadditional100persons.
Males:
1for115persons
2for1635persons
Females:
1for112persons
2for1325persons
Males:1for200personsupto400
persons.
Add1foreachadditional250persons
Females:1for100personsupto200
persons.
Add1foreachadditional150persons

Cinemas,Concerthalls,
Theatres(forpermanent
employeeuse)

ArtGalleries,Libraries,
Museums(forpublicuse)

Table8.6.1(Contd.)
PlumbingFixturesRequirement
Urinals**
WashBasins***

2
Males:1
4
Males:2
6
Males:4
Males:5
8
Males:6
9
Males:7
10

Males:8
10
Males:22
20
Males:22
25
Males:1for25persons

1for200persons

Males:Nilupto6
persons
1for720persons
2for2145persons

Males:
1for115persons
2for1635persons
Females:
1for112persons
2for1325persons
1for200personsupto
200personsandthenadd
1foradditional250
persons

Males:1for50persons

Table8.6.1(Contd.)
PlumbingFixturesRequirement

8250

Vol.3

BathtubsorShower

DrinkingFountains

1per300persons

OtherFixtures

Servicesink:
1perfloor

1for300persons

Servicesink:
1perfloor

1for500persons

Servicesink1

1for500persons

1for500persons

Servicesink:1

4showerstallsinthe
femalesormalestoiletin
thetransitanddeparture
loungeandalsointhe
mainconcourse

SanitaryDrainage

Chapter6

TypeofBuildingOccupancy

ArtGalleries,Libraries,
Museums(forpermanent
employeeuse)

E5SportsFacilities
FBusinessand
MercantileBuilding

F1Offices
F4GaragesandPetrolStations
F5EssentialServices

F2SmallShopsandMarkets
F3LargeShopsandMarkets

WaterClosets*

Males:
1for115persons
2for1635persons
Females:
1for112persons
2for1425persons
Males:1for75persons
Females:1for50persons

Males:1for25persons
Female:1for15persons

1for500persons

Urinals**

Males:
Nilupto5persons
1for720persons
2for2145persons

BathtubsorShower

DrinkingFountains

1for100persons

OtherFixtures

Males:1for75persons

WashBasins***

Males:
1for115persons
2for1635persons
Females:
1for112persons
2for1425persons
1for60persons

1for50persons

1for300persons

Servicesink:1

1for100persons

Servicesink:
1perfloor.

1for1000persons

Servicesink:1

Males:Nilupto6
1for25persons
persons
1for720persons
2for2145persons
3for4670persons
4for71100persons
Add@3%for101200
personsand@2.5%for
over200persons
Urinalsmaybe
1for750persons
providedintoiletroom
inlieuofwaterclosets
formenbutfornot
morethanofthe
requirednumberof
waterclosets.
(Continuedtonextpage)

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

8251

Part8
BuildingServices

TypeofBuildingOccupancy
GIndustrialBuildings
Factories

HStorageBuildings

WaterClosets*

Males:
1for115persons
2for1635persons
3for3665persons
4for66100persons
Females:
1for112persons
2for1325persons
3for2640persons
4for4157persons
5for5877persons
6for78100persons

1for100persons

Table8.6.1(Contd.)
PlumbingFixturesRequirement

Urinals**
WashBasins***

Males:Nilupto6
1for25persons
persons
1for720persons
2for2145persons
3for4670persons
4for71100persons
Add@3%for101200
personsand@2.5%for
over200persons

1for100persons

DrinkingFountains

1for100persons

OtherFixtures

Servicesink:
1perfloor

Provisionsforemergency 1for1000persons
Servicesink:1
shower
JHazardousBuildings
1for100persons

1for100persons
Provisionsforemergency 1for1000persons
Servicesink:1
shower
*SomeofthewaterclosetsmaybeofEuropeanstyle.Thewatercloset(s)shallnotbeorientedintheeast2estdirection.
**Theurinal(s)shallnotbeorientedintheeastwestdirection.
***Toilet(s)ofpublicuseshallhaveatleastonewatertapwithadequatedrainagearrangementforablutionpurposewhenthenumbersofdevoteesexceedtwenty.

8252

BathtubsorShower

Asrequiredbyparticular
tradesoroccupations

Vol.3

Table8.6.2SanitaryAppliances

Appliances

Standard

Ceramicwashbasinandpedestals
Ceramicwashdownwaterclosetpans

BDS116287
BS1213

Footrestvitreouschina

BDS116387parts1&4

Integratedsquattingpansvitreouschina
Metalhandrinsebasin
Metalsinkfordomesticpurpose

BDS116387parts1&5
BS1329
BS1244

Urinals(bowltype)vitreouschina
Washdownwaterclosetpans,vitreouschina
Waterclosetseatplastic
Waterclosetflushingcisternsandpipes

BDS116387parts1&3
BDS116387parts1&2
BS1254
BS1125

Table8.6.3BuildingDrainageandVentPipe

Material

Standards

Acrylonitrilebutadienestyrene(ABSplasticpipe)
Aluminumtubing
Brasspipe
Castironpipe
CopperorCopperalloytubing
Galvanizedsteelpipe
Polyvinylchlorideplasticpipe

ASTMD2661,ASTMF628
ASTMB429,ASTMB745M
ASTMB43
ASTMA74
ASTMB75M,ASTMB88M,
ASTMB251M,ASTMB306
ASTMA53
ASTMD2665,ASTMD2949,
ASTMF891

Table8.6.4BuildingSewerorBuildingStormSewerPipe

Material

Standards

Acrylonitrilebutadienestyrene(ABSplasticpipe)

ASTMD2261,ASTMD2751,ASTMF628,
ASTMD2321
Bihuminizedfibrepipe
ASTMD1861,ASTMD1862
Castironpipe
ASTMA74
Concretepipe
ASTMC14M,ASTMC76M
CopperorCopperalloytubing
ASTMB75,ASTMB88M,ASTMB251M
UnplasticigedPolyvinylchloride(uPVC)plasticpipe ASTMD2665,ASTMD2949,
ASTMD3034,ASTMD2321,ASTMF891
Vitrifiedclaypipe

ASTMC4,ASTMC700

Table8.6.5SubsoilDrainagePipe

Material

Standard

Bituminousfibrepipe

ASTMD2311

Castironpipe

ASTMA74

Concretepipe

ASTMC654M

Polyethyline(PE)plasticpipe

ASTMF405

UnplasticigedPolyvinylchloride(uPVC)plastic
pipe
Vitrifiedclaypipe

ASTMD2729,ASTMF891

Part8
BuildingServices

ASTMC4,ASTMC700

8253

Part8
BuildingServices

6.8

HANGERSANDSUPPORTANDPIPEJOINTING

6.8.1

HangersandSupport

Thepiping,fixturesandequipmentusedforplumbing,watersupplyanddrainagesystemshallbeprovidedwith
hangersandsupportinaccordancewithSec5.13inChapter5.

6.8.2

PipeJoints

ThejointsbetweendifferentpipingandfittingsshallconformtothestandardscitedagainsttheminTable8.6.6.
The requirements for the joints not specified in the table shall be subject to the approval of the Building
Authority.

6.9

DESIGNCONSIDERATIONS

6.9.1

Objective

Forthedesignofdrainageandsanitationsystemofdifferentbuildingsaccordingtobuildingclassification,the
objectiveshallbetosafeguardagainstfouling,depositionofsolidsandcloggingandwithadequatecleanouts
andinspectionchamberssoarrangedthatthedrainsmaybereadilycleanedwithouttheriskofhealthhazard.

6.9.2

General

a) The plumbing system shall be designed and adjusted to use the minimum quantity of water consistent
withproperperformanceandcleaning.
b)

Plumbing fixtures, devices and appurtenances shall be supplied with required volume of water at

pressuresadequatetoenablethesetofunctionproperlyandwithoutunduenoiseundernormalconditionsof
use.

6.9.3

DifferentBuildingDrainageSystems

For the design and installation for drainage piping, one of the following building drainage systems shall be
adopted:
i.

singlestacksystem,

ii.

onepipesystem,and

iii.

twopipesystem.
Table8.6.6JointsBetweenDifferentPipesandFittings

Material

8254

Standard

ABSplasticpipeandfittings

ASTM D2235, ASTM D2661, ASTM

D3212,ASTMF628ASMEB1.20.1

Aluminiumtubing
Asbestoscementpipeandfittings
Brasspipeandfittings
Castironpipeandfittings
Concretepipeandfittings
CopperorCopperalloypipeandfittings
Copperalloytubingandfittings
CPVCplasticpipeandfittings
Galvanizedsteelpipeandfittings
PEplasticpipeandfittings

ASTMC564
ASTMD1869
ASMEB1.20.1
ASTMC564
ASTMC443
ASTMB32,ASMEB1.20.1
ASTMB32
ASTMF493,ASMEB1.20.1
ASMEB1.20.1
ASTMD2657

Vol.3

SanitaryDrainage

Chapter6

Material

Standard

PVCplasticpipeandfittings

ASTMD2657,ASTMD2855,ASTM
D3139,ASTMD3212,ASTMF402,ASTM
F656,ASMEB1.20.1
ASTMC425

Vitrifiedclaypipeandfitting

a)

Singlestacksystemmaybeusedwith100mmdiameterstackforbuildingsupto5storey
height. The fixtures in each floor shall be connected to a single stack for increasing the
rate of discharge in the downward direction. There shall be at least 200 mm vertical
distancebetweenthewastebranchandthesoilbranchconnection,whilethesoilpipewill
beconnectedtostackabovethewastepipe.Thesizeofsoilbranchshallnotbelessthan
100mm.Thehorizontalbranchdistanceforfixturesfromstackandbend(s)atthefootof
stack to avoid back pressure as well as the vertical distance between the lowest
connectionandtheinvertofdrainshallbeasshowninFig8.6.1.Therecommendeddepth
ofwatersealtrapfordifferentfixturesshallbeinaccordancewithTable8.6.7.

FIG.8.6.1SINGLESTACKSYSTEM

b) Wherealltypesofwastefromthebuildingaredesiredtobedischargedintoacommon
sewerorintosamewastedisposalsystem,onepipesystemmaybeused(Fig8.6.2).

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

8255

Part8
BuildingServices
Cowl

Cowl

Vent stack

Soil stack

Branch vent pipe

Wash basin

Sink
WC

Bath
Floor level

Access

Branch soil pipe

Wash basin

Sink
WC

Bath
Floor level

Access

Branch Waste Pipe

Wash basin
Sink

Urinal
WC

Bath
Floor level

Access

Branch waste pipe

Branch soil pipe

FIG.8.6.2DIAGRAMOFONE PIPESYSTEM

c)

8256

Where the sullage from kitchen and bath will be dealt with separately and where soil
waste shall be discharged into septic tank or Imhoff tank, the two pipe system shall be
used(Fig8.6.3).

Vol.3

SanitaryDrainage

Chapter6

Cowl

Cowl

Cowl

Waste water stack

Vent stack

Soil stack

Wash basin
Sink

WC
Bath

Floor level

Clean out

Wash basin
Sink

WC
Bath

Floor level

Clean out

Wash basin
Sink
WC

Urinal
Floor level

FIG.8.6.3DIAGRAMOFTWOPIPESYSTEM

6.9.4

WaterClosetCompartmentforPhysicallyHandicapped

6.9.4.1

ProvisionforWheelchairUsers

Thewaterclosetcompartmentforwheelchairusersshallhaveatleastthedimensionsandfittingsasshownin
Fig8.6.4.

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

8257

Part8
BuildingServices

250

32 Dia. Support Rail

450

Water tap

SECTION
32 Clearance
300

Water tap

300

650

800

150

1500

400

32 Dia.
Grab bar as
support rails

400

600

500

PLAN
(All dimensions in mm)

FIG.8.6.4WATERCLOSETCOMPARTMENTFORWHEELCHAIRUSER

6.9.4.2

ProvisionforAmbulantDisabledPeople

Theminimumdimensionforwaterclosetcompartmentandthefittingsforambulantdisabledpeopleshallbe
asshowninFig8.6.5.

8258

Vol.3

SanitaryDrainage

Chapter6

250

32 Dia. Support Rail

450

Water tap

SECTION
32 Clearance
Water tap

800

32 Dia.
Grab bar as
support rails
300mm

400

600

500

PLAN
(All dimensions in mm)

FIG.8.6.5WATERCLOSETSTALLFORAMBULANTDISABLEDPEOPLE
Table8.6.7RecommendedDepthofWaterSealTrapforDifferentFixtures

Fixture

WaterSeal(mm)

WaterClosets
FloorTraps
ForWasteBranchof75mmdiameterorMore
ForWasteBranchofLessThan75mmdiameter

6.9.5

InstallationofDrainageSystem

6.9.5.1

50
50
40
75

All plumbing fixtures shall be made of smooth and nonabsorbent materials, free from concealed fouling
surfacesandmaybelocatedinventilatedenclosures.

6.9.5.2

Wheneverpossible,alldrainagesystemshallbedrainedtothepublicsewerorprivatewastedisposalsystemby
gravity.

6.9.5.3

Horizontaldrainagepipingof75mmdiameterandlessshallbeinstalledwithafallofnotlessthan20mmper
m.
Horizontaldrainagepipinglargerthan75mmdiametershallbeinstalledwithafallofnotlessthan10mmper
m.

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

8259

Part8
BuildingServices

It is a good policy to design the system for the highest possible velocity. However, consideration should be
given to the fact that the high velocities in pipes with slopes greater than 20 mm per m may cause self
siphoningoftrapseal.

6.9.5.4

Whereconditionsdonotpermitbuildingdrainsandsewerstobelaidwithafallasgreatasthatspecified,a
lesser slope may be permitted provided the computed velocity in the drains will not be less than 0.6 m per
second.Themaximumrecommendedvelocitywillbe2.5mpersecond.

6.9.5.5

Thesoilpipeconveyinganysolidorliquidfilthtoadrainshallbecircularwithaminimumdiameterof100mm.

6.9.5.6

The waste branch from bath room, wash basin or sink shall be of 32 mm to 50 mm diameter and shall be
trapped immediately beneath such wash basins or sink by an efficient siphon trap with adequate means of
inspectionandcleaning.Theminimumrecommendedsizeofwastestackis75mm.

6.9.5.7

Thesoilandwastestackshallbecontinuedupwardundiminishedinsize0.6mabovetheroofsurfacewhenthe
roofwillbeusedonlyforweatherprotection.Wheretheroofwillbeusedforanypurposeotherthanweather
protection, the soil and vent stack shall run at least 2 m above the roof surface so that there shall be least
possiblenuisance.

6.9.5.8

Thesoilandwastestackshallbefirmlyattachedtothewallwithaminimumclearanceof25mmfromthewall.

6.9.5.9

Allsoil,waste,vent(antsiphoning)stacksshallbecoveredontopwithcowlofsamepipematerial.

6.9.6

InstallationofVentingSystem

6.9.6.1

Theventstackormainventshallbeinstalledinconjunctionwithasoilorwastestackinabuilding.Onevent
stackmayservenotmorethantwosoilorwastestacks.

6.9.6.2

Ventilatingpipesshouldbesoinstalledthatwatercannotberetainedinthem.Theyshouldbefixedvertically.
Wheneverpossible,horizontalrunsshouldbeavoided.Ventilatingpipeshallbecarriedtosuchaheightandin
suchapositionastoaffordbymeansoftheopenendofsuchpipeorventshaft,asafeoutletforfoulairwith
theleastpossiblenuisance.

6.9.6.3

The building with building drain shall have at least one 100 mm vent stack or stack vent carried full size to
outdoorairabovetheroofinaccordancewithSec6.9.5.7above.

8260

Vol.3

SanitaryDrainage

6.9.6.4

Chapter6

Thediameterofaventstackshallnotbelessthan50mm.

6.9.6.5

Thediameterofabranchventpipeonawastepipeshallnotbelessthan25mmortwothirdsofthediameter
ofthebranchwastepipeventilated.

6.9.6.6

Thebranchventpipeonasoilpipeshallnotbelessthan32mmindiameter.

6.9.6.7

Allmainventsorvent stacksshallconnectfullsizeattheirbasetothebuildingdrain ortothesoil orwaste

stackatorbelowthelevelofthelowestdrainageconnectiontothem.Allventstacksshallextendundiminished
insizeabovetherooforshallbereconnectedtoaventheaderortothestackventportionofthesoilorwaste
stack,atleast150mmabovethefloodlevelofthehighestfixtureconnectiondischargingintothesoilorwaste
stack.Wheretheroofistobeusedforanypurposeotherthanweatherprotection,theventextensionshallbe
inaccordancewiththeSec6.9.5.7.

6.9.6.8

Incaseofoffsettingofstacksareliefventshallbeprovidedatthebaseofupperstackjustabovethestartof
offsetandattopofthelowerstackportionjustbelowtheendofoffset.

6.9.6.9

Inhighrisebuildingsyokeventshallbeprovidedat10storeyintervalscountingdownfromtop.

6.9.6.10
Incasehugenumberoffixturesareinstalledinbatterytoasinglebranchdrainagepipe,circuitorloopvents
shallbeprovidedafter8fixturesintervalfor100mmdrainpipeand24fixturesintervalfor150mmdrainpipe
asshowninfig.8.6.7

Loop vent

Main vent
Floor

Level

FIG.8.6.7CIRCUITVENTFORABATTERYOFWATERCLOSETS

6.9.6.11
Offsetinthestackventportionofsoilorwastestack,offsetinventstackandconnectionofventstackatthe
bottomtosoilorwastepipeortothebuildingdrainshallbeatanangleofatleast45degreestothehorizontal.

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

8261

Part8
BuildingServices

6.9.6.12
All vent and branch vent pipe shall be so graded and connected that sufficient slope is provided for
condensationtodrainbacktosoilorwastepipebygravity.

6.9.6.13
Wherefixtures,otherthanwaterclosetsdischargeintothestackdownstreamofawatercloset,eachfixture
connectingdownstreamshallbeindividuallyvented.

6.9.6.14
Soilandwastestacksinabuildinghavingmorethan10branchintervalsshallbeprovidedwithareliefvent(Fig
8.6.7)ateachtenthintervalcountingfromthetopfloor.
Roof
3m

Vent stack

15th Floor
3m
14th Floor
3m

Soil stack

13th Floor
3m
12th Floor
3m

Branch drain pipe

11th Floor
3m
10th Floor
3m
Branch interval

9th Floor
3m
8th Floor
3m
7th Floor
3m

10 branch interval

6th Floor
3m

Reliet vent on 10th interval

below the top branch

5th Floor
3m
4th Floor
3m
3rd Floor
3m
2nd Floor
4m

Vent stack connection at the

base of soil stack

1st Floor

Lowest floor horizontal branch

should be connected to the soil
stack atleast 0.6 m below the offset

Ground Floor

FIG.8.6.7RELIEFVENTSFORSTACKOFMORETHANTENBRANCHINTERVALS

6.9.6.15
Incasetheadjoiningbuildingistaller,theventilatingpipeshallbecarriedhigherthantheroofoftheadjacent
building,whereveritispossible.

8262

Vol.3

SanitaryDrainage

Chapter6

6.9.6.16
Thebuildingdrainintendedforcarryingwastewaterandsewagefromabuildingshallbeprovidedwithatleast
oneventilatingpipesituatedasnearaspracticabletothebuildingandasfarawayaspossiblefromthepointat
whichthedrainemptiesintothesewerorotherearner.

6.9.7

ClearanceofBlockages

6.9.7.1

There shall be sufficient and suitable access points at every change of alignment, gradient or diameter or at
bendsandjunctionsforclearingblockagesfromdrainswhichcannotbereachedbyanyothermeans.

6.9.7.2

Incaseofstraightrunofpipes,accesspointsshallbeprovidedatintervalsof15meter.
Tables 8.6.8 and 8.6.9 show the maximum spacing and the recommended minimum dimensions for access
fittingsandchambersforthespecifieddepth.
Table8.6.8MaximumSpacingofAccessPoints

From
Startofexternaldrain
Roddingeye
Accessfitting
Inspectionchamber
Manhole

To

AccessFitting

(m)
12
22

22
22

Junction

Inspection
Chamber
(m)
22
45
22
45
45

Manhole

(m)
45
45
22
45
90

(m)

22
12
22

higherspacingmaybeusedforlargersizeaccessfitting.

Table8.6.9MinimumDimensionsforAccessPoints

Access
Points

Depth
(m)

Roddingeye

Accessfitting 0.6orless
Inspection 1.0orless
chamber

Manhole
1.5orless
over1.5
over2.7

InternalSizes

Lengthxwidth
(mmxmm)

Diameter
(mm)

min.100mmorsizeof
drains

150x100
150
450x450
450*

1200x750
1200x750
12000x840

1050
1200
1200

CoverSizes

Lengthx
width
(mmxmm)

Circula
r
(mm)

150x100
450x450

150
450*

600x600
600x600
600x600

600
600
600

*190mmdiamaybeusedfordepth0.6m

6.9.7.3

Accessshouldbeoneofthefollowingfourtypes:
i.

roddingeyescappedextensionsofthepipes,

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

8263

Part8
BuildingServices

6.9.7.4

ii.

access fittings small chambers (or an extension of the pipes) but not with an open
channel,

iii.

inspectionchamberschamberswithworkingspaceatgroundlevel,and

iv.

manholeslargechamberswithworkingspaceatdrainlevel.

Inspectionchambersandmanholesshallhaveremovablenonventilatingcoversofdurablematerialandbeof
suitablestrength.Inspectionchambersandmanholesinbuildingsshallhavemechanicallyfixedairtightcovers
unlessthedrainitselfhaswatertightaccesscovers.Manholesdeeperthan1mshallhavenoncorrosivesteps
orfixedladders.Fig8.6.8and8.6.9showthedetailsoftypicalmanholesatsmallerdepth(<1m)andathigher
depth(>1m)respectively.Fig8.6.9showsthedetailsofadropmanhole.Thedropmanholeisamanholethat
servesasajunctionandreceivessewerlinesattwodifferentelevations.

FIG.8.7.8DETAILOFMANHOLE(Depth1mAndBelow)

8264

Vol.3

SanitaryDrainage

Chapter6

Rendering with cement morter

(Slope 1 in 6)

DETAIL OF BENCHING

SECTIONAL PLAN (SECTION A - A)

500 mm
Dia

Cast iron frame and cover

200 mm

350 mm
Depth of
manhole

150 mm
350 mm
380 mm
Galvanized wrought iron
manhole steps

Steps

300 mm

A
Ring
arch

Concrete Base

SECTION B - B

SECTION C - C

FIG.8.6.9DETAILOFMANHOLE(Depthmorethan1m)

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

8265

Part8
BuildingServices

SECTIONAL PLAN (SECTION A - A)

Cast Iron Frame And Cover

200 mm

350 mm
Depth of
manhole

150 mm

350 mm
380 mm
Steps

300 mm

Ring
arch

Slope 1 in 6

Concrete Base

SECTION B - B

SECTION C - C

FIG.8.6.10DROPMANHOLE

6.9.7.5

Spacingofmanholes

Thespacingofmanholesforagivenpipesizeshouldbeasfollows:

PipeDiameter(mm)

SpacingofManhole(m)

a)

Upto300

45

b)

301to500

75

c)

501to900

90

d)

Beyond900Spacingshalldependuponlocalconditionandshallbe
gottenapprovedbytheAuthority

8266

Vol.3

SanitaryDrainage

Chapter6

6.9.8

ProtectionAgainstRodent

Holesthroughwallsshallbesuchthattheywillnotprovidepassageofrodentorotherinsectsfromroomto
roomorfromfloortofloor.Materialsusedforembeddingpipesshallberodentproof.

6.9.9

BeddingandBackfilling

Thechoiceofbeddingandbackfillingdependsonthedepthofthebed,andsizeandstrengthofthematerials.
Fig8.6.10and Table8.6.10 showtwotypes of beddingand backfillingand minimum and maximum depth of
coverforeachtypeofbeddingforrigidpipings.ThebeddingandbackfillingforflexiblepipingsisshowninFig
8.6.11.Theminimumdepthofbeddingforflexiblepipingsshallbe0.3mwheretherewillbenoextrasurcharge
loadcomingonpipeotherthanbackfilling.
Thedepthshallnotbemorethan10m.Theflexiblepipemaybelaidwithlesscoverinfieldsandgardens.The
beddingandbackfillingshallbeinaccordancewithFig8.6.12.
Type 1 : Bedding Factor 1.9

Type 2 : Bedding Factor 1.5

Minimum
150 mm

OD

min. 150 mm
OD

OD
16

OD
2
min. OD 100 mm
8

min. OD 100 mm
8

Note :
1 - Compacted granular material
2 - Carefully compacted backfill
3 - Lightly compacted backfill
OD - Outer diameter

FIG.8.6.11BEDDINGFORRIGIDPIPES

Minimum
200 mm

Minimum
100 mm
OD

1
Minimum
100 mm

FIG.8.6.12BEDDINGFORFLEXIBLEPIPES

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

8267

Part8
BuildingServices

Concrete Slab

min. 75 mm
OD

1
min. 100 mm

FIG.8.6.13FLEXIBLEPIPESBEDDINGUNDERCONCRETESLAB
Table8.6.10

PipeBore

6.9.10

LimitsofCover(m)forStandardStrengthRigidPipesinanyWidthofTrench

Bedding

Fieldsand

LightTraffic

HeavyTraffic

Gardens

Roads

Road

(mm)

Class

Min

Max

Min

Max

Min

Max

100

Type1
Type2

0.3
0.3

7.4
5.8

0.4
0.5

7.4
5.8

0.4
0.5

7.2
5.5

150

Type1
Type2

0.6
0.6

5.0
3.9

0.6
0.7

5.0
3.8

0.6
0.7

4.6
3.3

GreaseTraps

Oilandgreaseisfoundinwastesgeneratedfromkitchensinhotels,industrialcanteens,restaurant,butcheries,
somelaboratoriesandmanufacturingunitshavingahighcontentofoilandgreasesintheirfinalwaste.
Wasteexceedingtemperatureof60Cshouldnotbeallowedinthegreasetrap.Whensoencountereditmay
beallowedtocoolinaholdingchamberbeforeenteringthegreasetrap.
Oilandgreasestendtosolidifyastheycoolwithinthedrainagesystem.Thesolidifiedmatterclogsthedrains
andtheothermatterinthewastesticktoitduetotheadhesionpropertiesofthegrease.Oilandgreasesare
lighterthanwaterandtendtofloatonthetopofthewastewater.
Greasetrapsshallbeinstalledinbuildinghavingtheabovetypesofwastes.Inprinciplethegreaseladenwater
isallowedtoretaininagreasetrapwhichenablesanysolidstobesettledorseparatedformanualdisposal.The
retention time allows the incoming waste to cool and allow the grease to solidify. The clear waste is then
allowedtodischargeintothebuildingsdrainagesystem.

6.9.11

OilInterceptors

Oils and lubricants are found in wastes from vehicle service stations, workshops manufacturing units whose
wastemaycontainhighcontentofoils.Oils,forexample,petroleum,keroseneanddieselusedasfuel,cooking,
lubricantoilsandsimilarliquidsarelighterthanwaterandthusfloatonwaterinapipelineorinachamber
whenstored.Suchoilshavealowignitionpointandarepronetocatchfireifexposedtoanyflameoraspark
andmaycauseexplosioninsideoroutsidethedrainagesystem.Theflamesfromsuchafirespreadrapidlyifnot
confined or fire vented at the possible source. Lighter oils and lubricants are removed from the system by
passingthemthroughanoilinterceptor/petrolgully.Theyarechambersinvariouscompartmentswhichallow
the solids to settle and allow the oils to float to the top. The oil is then decanted in separate containers for

8268

Vol.3

SanitaryDrainage

Chapter6

disposalinanapprovedmanner.Theoilfreewastecollectedfromthebottomofthechamberisdisposedinthe
buildingdrainagesystem.

6.9.12

SepticTank

6.9.12.1
Septictank(s)(Fig8.6.15and8.6.16)dischargingintoeitherasubsurfacedisposalfieldoroneormoreseepage
pitsshallberequiredfortheapprovalofdrainageandsanitationplansfortheplaceswherepublicsewersare
notavailable.
MH Cover
GL

At least 100 mm
inlet pipe

300 mm
W.L

At least 100 mm
outlet pipe

300 mm

D/3
Approx

D = Liquid Depth

L
B

150
mm

13 mm thick
cement
mortar finish

Brick wall in cement mortar

C.C bed

PLAN

SECTION A - A

FIG.8.6.16TYPICALONECHAMBERBRICKSEPTICTANK
Manhole Cover
Opening At Least 2(50mm x 50 mm)
Equally Spaced
At least 150 mm
At Least 150 mm
50 mm

Inlet

Outlet

350 mm

400 mm

150 mm

150mm

Sanitary tees
top & bottom open
D
6D
2

3L

3L

Opening 75mm x 75mm

or 150mm Dia Holes at 0.5m
Centre to Centre

SECTION A - A

PLAN

FIG.8.6.17TYPICALTWOCHAMBERCONCRETESEPTICTANK

6.9.12.2
Suchdisposalmethodshallbedesignedbyalicensedprofessionalinaccordancewiththerequirementofthe
provisionsofthisCodeandregulationsoftheconcernedauthorities.

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

8269

Part8
BuildingServices

6.9.12.3
Thedesignofsuchsystemshallbeonthebasisoflocationwithrespecttowellsorothersourcesofwater,soil
permeability,groundwaterelevation,areaavailableandmaximumoccupancyofthebuilding.

6.9.12.4
Sullagewatershallnotbedischargedintotheseptictank.

6.9.12.5
Effluentfromseptictank(s)shallnotdischargeintoopenwatercourses.

6.9.12.6
TheminimumdistanceforvariouscomponentsofthedisposalsystemshallbeinaccordancewithTable8.6.11.

6.9.12.7
The flow into a septic tank may be calculated on the basis of plumbing fixtures discharging soil wastes
simultaneouslyintoit.Thecapacityofseptictankforresidentialbuildingsshallbedeterminedaccordingtothe
formula in Appendix 8.6.C. For other occupancies a reduction factor shall be used as shown in Table T1 in
Appendix8.6.C.

6.9.12.8
Theseptictankshallhaveaminimumliquidcapacityof2000liters,minimumwidth1mandminimumliquid
depth1m.Theminimumlengthofaseptictankshallbeatleastthriceitswidth.Itisrecommendedthatthe
maximumlengthofaseptictankshallbenotmorethan4timesitswidth.

6.9.12.9
The maximum size of a septic tank shall be limited to the number of users not exceeding 300 persons for
residentialbuildings.

6.9.12.10

The volume required for digested sludge and scum may be computed on the basis of 0.04m3/capita/year.
Thereshallbeaclearancebetweentopoftheliquidlevelandbottomofthetankcoverslabwhichshallbeat
least300mm.

6.9.12.11

Theliquidretentiontimeofaseptictankshallbeatleast1day.

6.9.12.12

Thedesludggingfrequencyofaseptictankshallbeatleast6monthsintervalandmaximumonceayear.

6.9.12.13

Itisrecommendedtousetwochamberseptictankwhenthecapacityofaseptictankexceeds3000liters.The
inlet compartment of a two chamber septic tank shall have a capacity not less than twothird of its total
capacity(Fig8.6.16).

8270

Vol.3

SanitaryDrainage

Chapter6

Table8.6.11LocationofComponentsofSewageDisposalSystem

SystemComponent

Septictank
Disposalfield
Seepagepit
Drywell

6.9.12.14

Distance(m)
Building
Foundation

1.5
3
4.5
3

Well

Stream

8
15
15
15

7.5
15

Seepage
Pit

1.5
6
6
6

DryWell

6
6

The septic tank shall be constructed of corrosion resistant material and be of permanent water tight
construction.Themanholecoverandtheroofofthetankshallbedesignedforatleast7kPaliveload.Theinlet
compartment shallbeprovidedwithamanhole.Outletcompartmentshallalsobeprovidedwithamanhole.
ThedesignguidelineofaseptictankispresentedinAppendix8.6.C.

6.9.13

Imhofftank(s)

6.9.13.1
Imhofftank(s)(Fig8.6.17)dischargingintoeitherasubsurfacedisposalfieldoroneormoreseepagepitsshallberequired
fortheapprovalofdrainageandsanitationplansfortheplaceswherepublicsewersarenotavailable.

Inlet pipe
GAS

1.2 TO 1.5 m

HOLES
IN THE
CROSS
BAFFLE

SETTLING
ZONE
1.2

1
Sludge withdrawl
pipe 20 cm dia

SLOT

G - Gas collecting
domes

SLUDGE DIGESTION
ZONE

H - height of the
cross baffle

5 TO 7
N - Neutral zone

Sludge
storage space

FIG.8.6.18CROSSSECTIONOFANIMHOFFTANK

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

8271

Part8
BuildingServices

6.9.13.2
Imhofftanksshallbeusedwheremorethan300peoplesofresidentialbuildingsaretobeserved.

6.9.13.3
Thesettlingchambershallbedesignedforadetentionperiodof1.5to4.0hoursandanoverflowrateof0.95
to1.4m/hr.Thedisplacementvelocityshouldnotbemorethan18m/hr.Slopingsidesofsettlingchambershall
haveinclination1.0horizontalto1.2vertical.Theslotatthebottomis0.15to0.25metermeasuredalongthe
slopeofthehopper.Thewidthofthesidespacesshouldnotbelessthan0.45meter.Thedigestionchamber
shouldhaveacapacitytostoreabout6to12monthsdigestedsludge.Capacityofthedigestionchambercanbe
foundfromthefollowingformula
C=[Vf2/3(VfVd)] t.

WhereCisthevolumeofthedigestiontankinm3/capitabelowtheneutralzonewhichis0.2mbelowtheslot.
Vfisthevolumeoffreshsludgeinm3/capitadayandVdisthevolumeofthedigestedsludgeinm3/capitaday
and t is the time required for digestion. The digestion chamber should have sloping side with a ratio of 4
horizontalto5vertical.

6.9.13.4
The Capacity found in sec. 6.9.12.3 is true for residential buildings. For other occupational buildings use a
reductionfactorasshownTable8.6.C.1inAppendix8.6.C.

6.9.14

Installation

Septic and Imhoff Tank shall be located with a horizontal distance not less than specified in Table 802.8
betweenvariouselements.Tanksinstalledingroundwatershallbesecurelyanchored.A3inchthick(76mm)
compactedbeddingshallbeprovidedforallsepticandothertreatmenttankinstallations.Thebeddingmaterial
shall be sand, gravel,granite,limerockor othernoncorrosivematerialsofsuchsize thatthematerialpasses
througha0.5inch(12.7mm)screen.
Table:Minimumhorizontalseparationdistancesfortreatmenttankselementdistance(feet)

Building
Cistern
Foundationwall
Lake,highwatermark
Lotline
Pond
Reservoir
Spring
Streamorwatercourse
Swimmingpool
Waterservice
Well

5
25
5
25
2
25
25
50
25
15
5
25

Eachcleanoutshallbeinstalledsothatitopenstoallowcleaninginthedirectionofflowofthesoilorwasteor
at right angles thereto, and except in the case of wye branch and endofline cleanouts, shall be installed
verticallyabovetheflowlineofthepipe.
Thebathtubshallbefittedwithoverflowandwastepipeofnominaldiameterofnotlessthan32mmand40
mmrespectively.

8272

Vol.3

SanitaryDrainage

6.9.15

Chapter6

DisposalFieldandSeepagePit

6.9.15.1
AdistributionboxshallbeprovidedtoreceivetheeffluentfromtheseptictankorImhofftanktoassureequal
distributiontoeachindividuallineofdisposalfield.Thedistributionboxshallbeconnectedtotheseptictankor
Imhofftankbyawatertightsewerlineandshallbelocatedattheupperendofdisposalfield.Fig8.6.19shows
theplansandsectionsoftypicaldistributionboxes.

Outlet

Inlet

Inlet
25 mm
min.

Outlet

Outlet

Outlet

SECTION

PLAN
Inlet

Inlet

Outlets
Outlets

PLAN

PLAN

FIG.8.6.19DISTRIBUTIONBOXES

6.9.15.2
Soilpercolationtests(atleastforthreeholes)shallbeperformedatthesiteofaproposedindividualsewage
disposalsysteminstallationtodeterminethesuitabilityofsoilandsite.

6.9.15.3
The liquid capacity (volume below inlet line) of seepage units (disposal field or seepage pit) shall be at least
twice that of a septic tank or Imhoff tank. Effective absorption area of seepage unit may be computed in
accordancewithTable8.6.12.

6.9.15.4
No seepage unit shall be extended into water table directly. The bottom of seepage unit shall be at least 1
meterabovethehighestwatertable.

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

8273

Part8
BuildingServices

6.9.15.5
Each disposal field shall have at least two outlet distribution lines from the distribution box. No portion of
disposalfieldshallbeinstalledunderanypavementoranyareawheretherewillbevehiculartrafficorparking

6.9.15.6
MinimumstandardsfordisposalfieldconstructionshallbeasshowninTable8.6.13.
Table8.6.12AbsorptiveCapacityofDisposalFieldandSeepagePit

PercolationTestRatein
MinutesforWatertoFall
25mm

2orless
5
10
30
60(notrecommended)
over60(notsuitable)

EffluentAllowanceRateofSeepageUnit
inlitreperm2perday
DisposalFieldTrenches
(bottomoftrench)

SeepagePit
(wallarea)

128
96
68
32
16

172
128
92
44
24

Table8.6.13DesignFeaturesofDisposalField
Numberoflateralbranches
Maximumlengthofbranch
Minimumdiameteroffielddistributionpipe
Maximumslopeoffielddistributionpipe
Depthoftrench
Trenchbottom,minimumabovegroundwater
Trenchbottomwidth
Depthofcoarsematerial
underpipe
overpipe
Sizeofcoarsematerial

2
20m
100mm
3.3mmperm
0.45mto9m
0.61m
0.45mto0.75m

150mm
50mm
12mmto63mm

6.9.15.7
Seepagepit(soakpit)shallbelinedwithstone,brickorconcreteblockslaidupdrywithopenjointsthatare
backedupwithatleast75mmcoarseaggregate.Thejointsabovetheinletshallbesealedwithcementmortar.
Areinforcedconcretecovershallbeprovided.Forcoverareamorethan0.75m2 thepitshallhaveanaccess
manhole.Thebottomofthepitshallbefilledwithcoarsegravel,orcrushedstone/bricktoadepthof0.3m.
Figure8.6.20providesthedetailsofaseepagepit.

8274

Vol.3

SanitaryDrainage

Chapter6

Cover

From Septic Tank

Gravel or Crushed Stone / Brick bats

Sand
Gravel or Crushed
Stone/Brick (75 mm)

Hight used
to compute
absarption area

Pit Wall (Brick)

(Open joint)

SECTION A - A

PLAN

FIG.8.6.20TYPICALSEEPAGEPIT

6.9.15.8
Largedrywellshallbeconstructedinaccordancewiththerequirementsforseepagepit(Sec6.9.12).However,
forsmalldrywellshandlinglimitedquantitiesofwastewaterthepitmayconsistofa2.0metredeepand1.0m
diameterpipefilledwithcrushedbricks/stone.

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

8275

Part8
BuildingServices
Roof drain

Roof

Leader

Dry wall

Minimum distance

G.L
Building

Earth

FIG.8.6.21TYPICALLOCATIONOFADRYWALL
G.L
Rainwater
from Building
Concrete Cover

Drainage slots

Pre-cast
Concrete Section
or Porous Brick Wall

Clamp

Crushed Stone/ Bricks

FIG.8.6.22INSTALLATIONDETAILSOFADRYWALL

6.9.15.9
Frenchdrainsmaybeemployedassurfacewaterdrainsfordrainageofunpavedsurfaces.

8276

Vol.3

SanitaryDrainage

6.10

DESIGNOFDRAINAGEANDSANITATIONSYSTEM

6.10.1

EstimationofMaximumLoadWeightofWasteWater

Chapter6

Toestimatethetotalloadweightcarriedbyasoilorwastepipe,therelativeloadweightfordifferentkindsof
fixturesareprovidedinTable8.6.14.Table8.6.15providesanapproximateratingofthosefixturesnotlistedin
Table8.6.14.

6.10.2

GradientandSizeofPipe

6.10.2.1
Thebuildingdrainsandsewershallbedesignedtodischargethepeaksimultaneousloadweightflowinghalf
full with a minimum selfcleansing velocity of 0.75 m per second. However, flatter gradient may be used if
requiredbuttheminimumvelocityshallnotbelessthan0.6mpersecond.Again,itisundesirabletoemploy
gradientsgivingavelocityofflowgreaterthan2.5mpersecond.

6.10.2.2
Themaximumnumberoffixtureunitsthatmaybeconnectedtoagivensizeofbuildingsewer,buildingdrain,
horizontalbranchorverticalsoilorwastestackshallbeprovidedasinTables8.6.16and8.6.17.

6.10.3

SizeofVentPiping

6.10.3.1
The size of vent piping shall be determined from its length and the total number of fixture units connected
theretoinaccordancewithTable8.6.21.

6.10.3.2
ThebranchventshallbesizedinaccordancewithTable8.6.22.

6.11

CONSTRUCTIONRELATINGTOCONVEYANCEOFSANITARYWASTES

6.11.1

ConveyanceofSanitaryWastes

6.11.2

Thelayoutofdrainagesystemsshallbesimple.Changeofdirectionandgradientshallbeminimizedandshall
beaseasyaspracticable.

6.11.3

Theexcavation,wherenecessary,shallbemadeinaccordancewithTable8.6.23.

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

8277

Part8
BuildingServices
Table8.6.14FixtureUnitsforDifferentSanitaryAppliancesorGroups

TypeofFixture

Fixture
UnitValue
asLoad
Factors

Onebathroomgroupconsistingofwatercloset,washbasinandbath

tuborshowerstall:

3
a)FlushTankwatercloset
6
b)Flushvalvewatercloset

2
Bathtub*
2
Bidet
2
Combinationsinkandtray(drainboard)
0.5
Drinkingfountain
1
Floortraps
2
Kitchensink,domestic
1
Washbasin,ordinary
2
Washbasin,surgeon's
2
Showerstall,domestic
3
Shower(group)perhead
4
Urinal,wallhung
4
Urinal,stall
3
Watercloset,tankoperated
6
Watercloset,valveoperated
*Ashowerheadoverabathtubdoesnotincreasethefixtureunitvalue.
Sizeoffloortrapshallbedeterminedbytheareaofsurfacewatertobedrained.
Washbasinwith32mmand40mmtraphavethesameloadvalue.

Table8.6.15FixtureUnitValuesforFixturesBasedonFixtureDrainorTrapSize

FixtureDrainonTrapSize

FixtureUnit
Value
1
2
3
4
5
6

30mmandsmaller
40mm
50mm
65mm
75mm
100mm

8278

Vol.3

SanitaryDrainage

Chapter6

Table8.6.16 MaximumNumberofFixtureUnitsthatcanbeConnectedtoBranchesandStacks

Diameter
ofPipe
(mm)

MaximumNumberofFixtureUnitsthatcanbeConnected
Any
OneStackof
Horizontal 3Storeysin
Fixture
Heightor3
a
Branch
Intervals

30
40
50
65
75
100
125
150
200
250
300
375

1
3
6
12
20
160
360
620
1400
2500
3900
7000

2
4
10
20
30
240
540
960
2200
3800
6000
b

Morethan3StoreysinHeight

Totalfor

TotalatOne

Stack

Storeyor
Branch
Interval

2
8
24
42
60
500
1100
1900
3600
5600
8400
b

1
2
6
9
16
90
200
350
600
1000
1500
b

Doesnotincludebranchesofthebuildingsewer.

Sizingloadbasedondesigncriteria

Table8.6.17 MaximumNumberofFixtureUnitsthatcanbeconnectedtoBuildingDrainsandSewers

Diameter
ofPipe
(mm)

MaximumNumberofFixtureUnitsthatcanbeConnectedtoany
Portion*oftheBuildingDrainortheBuildingSewerforVariousSlopes
1/200

100

150

200
1400
250
2500
300
2900
375
7000
*Includesbranchesofbuildingsewer

1/100

1/50

1/25

180
700
1600
2900
4600
8300

216
840
1920
3500
5600
10000

250
1000
2300
4200
6700
12000

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

8279

Part8
BuildingServices
Table8.6.18SizeofVerticalLeaders*

SizeofLeader**

MaximumProjectedRoofAreaandFlow
(m2)

(mm)

(l/min)

50
202
87
65
367
155
75
598
253
100
1287
544
125
2336
986
150
3790
1602
200
8180
3450
* Table 8.7.18 is based upon a maximum rainfall of 25 mm per hour for a 1hour
duration. The figure for drainage area shall be adjusted to local conditions (Appendix
8.6.C).
** Theequivalentdiameterofsquareleaderwillbethediameterofthatcirclewhichcan
beinscribedwithinthecrosssectionalarea.Theequivalentdiameteroftherectangular
leaderwillbetheshortdimensionoftherectangularleader.However,theratioofwidth
todepthofrectangularleadershallnotexceed3:1.
Table8.6.20SizeofSemicircularRoofGutters*

Diaof
Gutter
(mm)

75
100
125
150
175
200
250

MaximumProjectedRoofAreaforGutterofVariousSlopes
5mmperm
m
61
130
227
350
503
725
1300

l/min
25
55
96
148
210
307
555

10mmperm

20mmperm

m2

m2

87
185
320
495
710
1020
1850

l/min
36
77
136
210
300
430
785

123
260
455
700
1000
1300
2610

l/min
51
110
192
296
425
610
1110

40mmperm
m2
174
370
645
1010
1420
2040
3650

l/min
73
155
273
425
600
862
1540

*Table8.7.20isbaseduponamaximumrainfallof25mmperhourfor1hourduration.Thefigurefordrainagearea
shallbesubjecttolocalconditionsinaccordancewithAppendix8.6.C.

6.11.3.1
ThedepthofcovershallbeinaccordancewithSec6.9.8.

6.11.3.2
The pipe shall be laid to even gradients and change of gradient shall be combined with an access point (Sec
7.9.6).However,accesspointsshallbeprovidedonlyifblockagescouldnotbeclearedwithoutthem.

6.11.3.3
The joints and connection in drainage and venting system shall be gastight and watertight for the pressures
required by the test, with the exception of those portions of perforated or open joint piping which will be
installed for the purpose of collecting and conveying ground or seepage water to the underground storm
drains.

6.11.3.4
Pipingindrainageandventingsystemshallbeinstalledwithoutunduestrainsandstressesandprovisionshall
be made for expansion, contraction and structural settlement. Vertical piping shall be secured at sufficiently
closeintervalstokeepthepipeinalignmentandcarrytheweightofthepipinganditscontent.Thehorizontal
pipingshallbesupportedatsufficientlycloseintervals(Sec6.8)tokeepitinalignmentandtopreventsagging.

8280

Vol.3

SanitaryDrainage

6.12

REFUSECHUTESYSTEM

6.12.1

Chapter6

Allbuildingshigherthan6storeysshallbe providedwith refuse chutesystemfortransportingandcollecting

refusefromdifferentfloorsinasanitaryway.Therefuseshallbereceivedfromtherespectivefloorthroughan
inlethopperintothechutewhichconveysrefuseanddischargesintothecollectionchamber.Therefusefrom
thecollectionchambershallbeclearedatsuitableintervals.

6.12.2

The refuse chute, inlet hopper and collection chamber shall be constructed with smooth and nonflammable
materials.

6.12.3

The hopper shall be selfcleaning and shall be fitted with selfclosing shutter to prevent the passage of foul
gasesinsidethebuilding.

6.12.4

Thediameterofthechuteshallnotbelessthan300mm.Itshallbeadequatelyventilatedatthetop.Thechute
shallbeprovidedwithsuitablearrangementsforflushingwithwaterforthefulllength.

6.13

BASEMENTFLOORDRAINAGESYSTEM

6.13.1

Allbuildingshavingbasementfloorbelowthesurroundingsewersystemandareamorethan1000sqmshall
havepumpingsystemtodrainoutwastewater.

6.13.2

Allbuildingshavingbasementfloorbelowthesurroundingsewersystemandareamorethan1000sqmshall
haveonesumppitforevery1000sqm.

6.13.3

Formorethanonesumppit,pitsshallbeconnectedtoamastersumppitfromwherepumpingshallbedoneto
drainoutthewaste.Minimumdiameterofsumppitconnectiondrainpipeshallbe75mm.

6.13.4

Forwastewaterandsewagedrainagefrombasementfloorseparatedrainagesystemshallbeprovided.

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

8281

Part8
BuildingServices
Table8.6.21SizeandLengthofVentStacksandStackVents

Diameter Total
ofSoil Fixture
orWaste Unit
Stack
(FU)
(mm)
Connect

MaximumDevelopmentLengthofVent(m)*
forDiameter(mm)ofVentPipes

edto
fixture

30
40
40
50
50
65
75
75
75
75
100
100
100
100
125
125
125
125
150
150
150
150
200
200
200
200
250
250
250
250
300
300
300
300
375
375
375
375
*

2
8
10
12
20
42
10
21
53
102
43
140
320
540
190
490
940
1400
500
1100
2000
2900
1800
3400
5600
7600
4000
7200
11000
15000
7300
13000
20000
26000
15000
25000
38000
50000

30 40
9

15 45.5
9 30.5
9 22.5
8 15

9
12.5
9.5
8
7.5

50

61
45.5
30.5
45.5
33.5
28.5
26
10.5
8
7
6.5

65

91.5
109.5
82
70
64
26
19.5
16.5
15
8.5
6.5
5.5
4.5

75

317
247
207
189
76
61
52
45.5
25
19
16
15
10
6.5
6

100

298.5
228.5
195
176.5
97.5
76
64
58
39.5
30.5
25.5
23.5
9.5
7
6
5.5

125

301.5
231.5
204
180
122
94.5
79
73
29
22
19
17
9.5
7
6
5.5

150

305
237.5
201
183
73
58
48.5
42.5
23.5
18
15.5
14
9.5
7
6
5.5

200

286.5
219.5
186
170.5
94.5
73
61
55
36.5
28.5
24
22
12
9.5
8
7

250

292.5
225.5
192
173.5
116
91.5
76
70
39.5
29
24.5
22.5

300

286.5
219.5
186
152.5
94.5
73
61
55

Thedevelopmentlengthshallbemeasuredfromtheventconnectiontotheopenair

6.13.5

Thecollectionchambershallbeofsuitablesizeandlocatedatgroundlevel.

6.13.6

Thedesignandarrangementofthesystemshallbeinaccordancewithestablishedengineeringpractices.

8282

Vol.3

SanitaryDrainage

6.14

Healthcaredrainagesystem

6.14.1

General

Chapter6

Thehealthcaredrainagesystemshallcomplywithapplicabledrainageandventingrequirementsspecifiedin
thischapterandwiththissection.

6.14.2

SpecialFixturesandEquipment

The hospital shall be provided with clinical sink, bedpan washer and such other fixtures and equipment for
disposalofbedpancontentsandforthecleansinganddisinfectionofsuchfixtures.Aclinicalsinkshallnotbe
consideredasasubstituteforservicesink.

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

8283

Part8
BuildingServices
Table8.6.22MinimumDiameterandMaximumLengthofIndividual,Branch,andCircuitVentsfor
HorizontalDrainageBranches

Diameterof
Horizontal
Drainage
Branch(mm)

Slopeof
Horizontal
Drainage
Branch

MaximumDevelopment
LengthofVent(m)forDiameter(mm)ofVentPipe

(mm/m)

30 40 50 65 75 100 125 150 200 250

30

20
NL*

40
NL

NL NL
40

20

NL NL

40

NL NL NL
50

10

88 NL NL

20

45 115 NL

40

54 137 NL
65
10

29 73 NL NL

20

15 39 NL NL

40

75
58 NL NL NL
10

29.5 128 NL NL
20

15 67 NL NL
40

100

58 NL NL NL
10

30 94 NL NL
20

14.5 48.5 125 NL

40

58 149 NL NL
125

10

29.5 76 NL NL

20

14 39.5 NL NL

40

58 NL NL NL
150
10

29.5 76 NL NL

20

14 39.5 NL NL

40

58 NL NL NL

200
10

27.5 94.5 NL NL

20
11.5 45.5 125 NL NL
40

58 152 NL NL
10
250
26 73 NL NL
20

9.5 33.5 NL NL
40

54.5 NL NL
10
300
24 128 NL
20

61 NL
8

40

NLmeansnolimit;Actualvalueinexcessof150m.

Table8.6.23MinimumWidthatBottomofTrench

DepthofTrench(m)
Upto1.2
Above1.2

WidthofTrench(m)
Diameterofpipeplus0.4
Diameterofpipeplus0.45

Note:Trenchtopwidthshallnotbelessthan0.75mfordepthsexceeding0.9m

6.14.3

BedpanWasherandClinicalSink

Bedpanwasherandclinicalsinkshallbeconnectedtosoilbranchesandsoilstacksthroughawatersealtrap.
The bedpan washer with vapour vent connection shall be provided with additional local vent stack. The
minimumventstacksizeforbedpanwashershallbeinaccordancewithTable8.6.24.

8284

Vol.3

SanitaryDrainage

Chapter6

Table8.6.24MinimumVentStackSizeinBedpanDrainage

NoofBedpanWasher

Upto3bedpanwashersatdifferentfloors
4to6bedpanwashers
7to12bedpanwashers

Diameter(mm)

50
75
100

The bottom of the bedpan local vent stack (except for one bedpan washer) shall be drained indirectly into
sanitarydrainagesystemthroughtraps.Thesizeofthetrapandconnectingpipeshallbeatleastthesizeofthe
ventstack.Atleast6mmdiameterwatersupplypipingshallbetakenfromeachflushsupplyofeachbedpan
washeronthedischargesideofvacuumbreaker,trappedtoform75mmormoretrapsealandconnectedto
thelocalventstackoneachfloor.

6.14.4

SterilizerVentStack

The pressure or nonpressure sterilizer shall have vent connection to the sterilizer vent stack. This vent
connectionshallbeaccessibleforinspectionandcleaning.Thesizeofsterilizerventstackshallbeasfollows:

6.14.4.1 PressureSterilizers:
The minimum diameter for pressure sterilizer vent stack shall be 63 mm. The stack size for combinations of
pressuresterilizerexhaustshallbeinaccordancewithTable8.6.25.

6.14.4.2 PressureInstrumentWasherSterilizers:
The minimum size of sterilizer vent stack for instrument washer sterilizer shall be 50 mm for up to two
sterilizers.The75mmstackwillserveuptofoursterilizers.

6.14.4.3 NonpressureSterilizers:
Theminimumdiameterofnonpressuresterilizerventstackshallbe50mmforutensilsterilizerand38mmfor
instrumentsterilizer.MultipleinstallationsshallbesizedinaccordancewithTable8.6.26.

6.14.4.4 BedpanSteamers:
Thediameterforonebedpansteamershallbe38mm.Thestacksizeforcombinationsshallbeinaccordance
withTable8.6.26.

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

8285

Part8
BuildingServices
Table8.6.25PressureSterilizerVentStackSize

StackSize
(mm)

6.14.5

NumberofConnectionsPermittedforDifferent
CombinationSizes(mm)

19

25

31

38

38

38

38

38

50

50

50

50

50

50

50

75

15

75

75

75

75

75

VentExtension

TheterminationofventstackshallbeinaccordancewithSec6.9.5.7and6.9.6.6.

6.14.6

SpecialFixtureDrainage

Thedevice,appurtenanceandappliancerequiredforspecialpurposessuchasrefrigerators,iceboxes,cooling
or refrigerating coils etc. shall be protected against backflow with adequate air gap between the equipment
inletanddrainageoutlet.
Table8.6.26NonpressureSterilizerVentStackorBedpanSteamerSizes

StackSizes
(mm)

6.14.7

NoofConnectionsPermittedforDifferent
ConnectionSizes(mm)

38

50

38
50
50
50
75
75
75
100
100
100

1
2

1
4

2
8

1
1

2
2

4
4

MentalHealthCareCentreandPrisonersCell

Thepipesandtrapsusedinmentalhealthcarebuildingsandprisonercellsshallnotbeexposedandallfixtures
shallbesecurelyboltedthroughwalls.

8286

Vol.3

SanitaryDrainage

6.15

INSPECTION,TESTINGANDCOMPLETIONCERTIFICATE

6.15.1

Inspection

Chapter6

Thenewdrainageandsanitationsystemorpartoftheexistingsystemshallnotbecoveredorenclosedorput
intooperationuntilithasbeeninspected,testedandapprovedbytheBuildingAuthority.TheAuthoritymay
examinetheappliancesandfittingsbeforetheirinstallationorduringtheprogressofthework.Aninstallation
ofplumbingwork,whetherneworexisting,whichisfoundtobedefectiveorunsafeshallnotbeallowedto
continueinuseunlesscorrectionshavebeenmadetocomplywiththeCoderequirements.

6.15.2

Testing

6.15.2.1 DrainageandVentingSystem:
Thepipingofdrainageandventingsystemshallbetestedfirstwithwater.Thefinaltestofcompleteddrainage
andventingsystemmaybedonebysmoketest.Thewaterandsmoketestsshallbeperformedasdescribed
below:
a) Water Test : The water test shall be applied to the drainage and venting system either for the whole
systemorpart(section)thereof.Fortheentiresystem,allopeningsinthepipingexceptthehighestopening
shall be closed, and the system filled with water to the point of overflow. For the system to be tested in
sections,eachopeningshallbetightlypluggedexceptthehighestopeningofthesectionundertestandeach
sectionshallbefilledwithwaterbutnosectionshallbetestedwithlessthana3mheadofwater.Intesting
successivesections,atleasttheupper3mofthenextprecedingsectionshallbetestedsothatnojointorpipe
inthebuilding(exceptthetopmost3mofthesystem)shallhavebeensubmittedtoatestoflessthana3m
headofwater.Thewatershallbekeptinthesystemorintheportionundertestforatleast15minutesbefore
theinspectionstarts.Thesystemorthepartofthesystemundertestshallbewatertightatallpoints.
b) SmokeTest:Thefinaltestforgasandwatertightnessofthecompleteddrainageandventingsystemmay
beperformedbysmoketest.Thetestisperformedbyfillingalltrapswithwaterandthenintroducingsmoke
intothesystemproducedbyoneormoresmokemachines.Whenthesmokeappearsatthestackopeningson
theroof,theyshallbeclosedandapressureequivalentto25mmheadofwatershallbebuiltandmaintained
for15minutesbeforeinspectionstarts.

6.15.2.2 BuildingSewer:
TheConnectionbetweenbuildingsewerandpublicsewerorindividualsewagedisposalsystemshallbeclosed
byinsertingatestplug.Thebuildingsewershallbefilledwithwaterunderapressureofnotlessthan30kPa
foratleast15minutes.Thesystemshallbeabletomaintainthetestpressure.

6.15.3

CompletionCertificate

Aftertheinstallationofdrainageandsanitationsystem,thelicensedplumbershallgiveacompletioncertificate
totheauthorityinaprescribedform(Appendix8.6.D)forinspectionandtesting.Aftertesting,theAuthority
will give the final approval (as presented in completion certificate form, in the Appendix 8.6.D) to use the
system.

BangladeshNationalBuildingCode2011

8287

Part8
BuildingServices

6.16

GUIDETOMAINTENANCE

6.16.1

Thedrainageandsanitationsystemshallbemaintainedinasanitaryandsafeoperatingconditionbytheowner
orhisdesignatedagent.AlldeviceorsafeguardsrequiredbytheCodeshallbemaintainedinworkingorder.

6.16.2

Thefollowingoperationsshallbecarriedoutduringperiodicalcleaningofadrainageandsanitationsystem:
a) The covers of inspection chambers and manholes shall be removed and the side benching and channels
shallbescrubbed.
b) All lengths of main and branch drains shall be rodded by means of drain rods and a suitable rubber or
leatherplunger.Afterrodding,thedrainsshallbethoroughlyflushedwithcleanwater.
c) Theladders/ringsindeepmanholesandthemanholecoversshallbepainted.
d) Allsurfacedrainsshallbecleaned.
e) Allsubsoildrainsshallbeexaminedforobstructionattheopenjoints.
f) Refusechutesystemshallbecleaned.

RelatedAppendices:
Appendix8.6.AApplicationforPermittoConstructDrainageandSanitationSystem
Appendix8.6.B OnehourRainfall

Appendix8.6.C DesignGuidelineofaSepticTank
Appendix8.6.DCompletionCertificate(DrainageandSanitationWorks)

8288

Vol.3