Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 9

FCI 70-2-1998

FLUID CONTROLS INSTITUTE STANDARD

CONTROL VALVE SEAT LEAKAGE

Fluid Controls Institute, Inc.


Sponsor:

Fluid Controls Institute, Inc.


1300 Sumner Ave
Cleveland, Ohio 44115-2851

FCI 70-2-1998

FLUID CONTROLS INSTITUTE STANDARD


Control Valve Seat Leakage

Sponsor

Fluid Controls Institute, Inc.

Fluid
Controls
Institute

The Fluid Controls Institute is a non-profit trade


association of manufacturers of fluid control and
conditioning equipment. The FCI is dedicated to the
technical advancement of the industry that it serves.
The members of the institute have developed standards
to help users/purchasers understand and specify
correctly Fluid Controls Institute scope products. FCI
standards are voluntary standards, and their existence
does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has
approved the standard or not, from manufacturing,
marketing, purchasing or using products, processes, or
procedures not conforming to the standards. Fluid
Controls Institute standards are subject to periodic
review and users are cautioned to obtain the latest
editions.
CAUTION NOTICE:

This Fluid Controls Institute standard may be revised or


withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the Fluid
Controls Institute require that action be taken to reaffirm,
revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years
from the date of publication. Purchasers of FCI
standards may receive current information on all
standards by calling or writing the Fluid Controls
Institute.
Sponsored and published by:
FLUID CONTROLS INSTITUTE, INC.
1300 Sumner Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44115-2851
Phn: 216/241-7333
Fax: 216/241-0105
E-Mail:
fci@fluidcontrolsinstitute.org
URL:
www.fluidcontrolsinstitute.org
Copyright 1998 by Fluid Controls Institute, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an
electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of the publisher.
Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome.
They should be sent to the Fluid Controls Institute, Inc.
Printed in the United States of America
ii

CONTENTS

PAGE

Foreword ............................................................................................................... v
1.

Purpose .......................................................................................................... 1

2.

Scope and Limitations .................................................................................... 1

3.

Definitions ....................................................................................................... 1

4.

Leakage Specifications and Classes .............................................................. 1-2

5.

Test Procedures.............................................................................................. 2-3

6.

References......................................................................................................4

Tables
Table 1 ................................................................................................................... 2
Table 2 ................................................................................................................... 3

iii

Foreword

(This foreword is included for information only and is not part of FCI 70-2-1998, Control Valve Seat

Leakage.)

This voluntary standard has been compiled and issued in the public interest. It is
intended to eliminate present misunderstandings and to assist and guide those people
involved in the specification, use or manufacture of control valves.
This standard, formerly known as ASME B16.104, was originally adopted on November
24, 1970 as FCI 70-2. Subsequent to that date, because of the increasing interest in a
more comprehensive document, an engineering committee in the Process
Measurement and Control Section of the Scientific Apparatus Makers Association
compiled a new standard. Rather than publish a separate standard, the final draft was
submitted to the Fluid Controls Institute, Inc. and after minor revisions it was adopted
on April 24, 1974 as a revision of FCI 70-2.
The American National Standard edition is essentially identical to the April 24, 1974
issue. Any changes in the course of review have been editorial. Final approval by the
American National Standards Institute was granted on April 12, 1976 and reaffirmed by
ANSI on April 29, 1982. In an attempt for reaffirmation in 1988, all comments were
resolved except one from Mr. Hamer representing the American Petroleum Institute
who insisted on additional leakage classifications. A reply was sent to him on December
12, 1989 stating there has been no demonstrable need for additional classifications and
no broad support. The standard was approved by the ANSI Board of Standards Review
on May 31, 1991.
The standard was revised by the FCI Control Valve Section in 1998 in order to maintain
consistency with the appropriate IEC Standards (IEC 534-4).
The existence of a Fluid Controls Institute (FCI) standard does not in any respect
preclude any member or non-member from manufacturing or selling products not
conforming to this standard nor is the FCI responsible for its use.
FCI recognizes the need to periodically review and update this standard. Suggestions
for improvement should be forwarded to the Fluid Controls Institute, Inc., 1300 Sumner
Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio, 44115-2851. All constructive suggestions for expansion and
revision of this standard are welcome.

iv

!"#$%&'(')**+$
$
!,-#.$"/012/,3$3140.42.$
$
"567859$:;9<=$3=;7$,=;>;?=$
$
#
I"## A)DZD[)#($)?BSB?D*B'E(#@#?AD(()(#
$
# I"!$ $ *+3# G/N,G=G# /556P/453# -3/.# 53/8/93# /-#
-<3:,7,31# 762# 3/:+# :5/--# -+/55# 06.# 3N:331# .+3# -3/.#
53/8/93#,0#*/453#!#=-,09#.+3#.3-.#<26:31=23#/-#137,031#
,0# (3:.,60# K"# S62# ?5/--3-# BB# .+26=9+# OB# 3/:+# /01#
3;32H#;/5;3#-+/55#43#.3-.31"#
#
# I">##A3/8/93#?5/--3-#
$
$ $ I">"!$$?AD((#B"$D#G61,7,:/.,60#67#/0H#?5/--#BBF#
BBB#62#BO#;/5;3#P+323#13-,90#,0.30.#,-#.+3#-/G3#/-#.+3#
4/-,:# :5/--F# 4=.# 4H# /9233G30.# 43.P330# =-32# /01#
-=<<5,32F#06#.3-.#,-#23X=,231"#
#
# # I">"># # ?AD((# BB"$ *+,-# :5/--# 3-./45,-+3-# .+3#
G/N,G=G# <32G,--,453# 53/8/93# 93032/55H# /--6:,/.31#
P,.+# :6GG32:,/5# 16=453L-3/.# :60.265# ;/5;3-# 62#
4/5/0:31#-,0953L-3/.#:60.265#;/5;3-#P,.+#/#<,-.60#2,09#
-3/5# /01# G3./5L.6LG3./5# -3/.-"# # %-3# .3-.# <26:31=23#
*H<3#D"#
#
$ $ I">"J# # ?AD((# BBB"$ *+,-# :5/--# 3-./45,-+3-# .+3#
G/N,G=G# <32G,--,453# 53/8/93# 93032/55H# /--6:,/.31#
P,.+#?5/--#BB#UI">">WF#4=.#P,.+#/#+,9+32#139233#67#-3/.#
/01#-3/5#.,9+.03--"##%-3#.3-.#<26:31=23#*H<3#D"#
#
$ $ I">"I# # ?AD((# BO"$ *+,-# :5/--# 3-./45,-+3-# .+3#
G/N,G=G# <32G,--,453# 53/8/93# 93032/55H# /--6:,/.31#
P,.+# :6GG32:,/5# =04/5/0:31# -,0953L-3/.# :60.265#
;/5;3-# /01# 4/5/0:31# -,0953L-3/.# :60.265# ;/5;3-# P,.+#
3N.2/# .,9+.# <,-.60# 2,09-# 62# 6.+32# -3/5,09# G3/0-# /01#
G3./5L.6LG3./5#-3/.-"##%-3#.3-.#<26:31=23#*H<3#D"#
#
# # I">"K# # ?AD((# O"$ *+,-# :5/--#,-#=-=/55H#-<3:,7,31#
762#:2,.,:/5#/<<5,:/.,60-#P+323#.+3#:60.265#;/5;3#G/H#
43# 23X=,231# .6# 43# :56-31F# P,.+6=.# /# 456:8,09# ;/5;3F#
762# 5609# <32,61-# 67# .,G3# P,.+# +,9+# 1,773230.,/5#
<23--=23# /:26--# .+3# -3/.,09# -=27/:3-"# B.# 23X=,23-#
-<3:,/5# G/0=7/:.=2,09F# /--3G45H# /01# .3-.,09#
.3:+0,X=3-"# *+,-# :5/--# ,-# 93032/55H# /--6:,/.31# P,.+#
G3./5# -3/.F# =04/5/0:31# -,0953L-3/.# :60.265# ;/5;3-# 62#
4/5/0:31# -,0953L-3/.# 13-,90-# P,.+# 3N:3<.,60/5# -3/.#
/01# -3/5# .,9+.03--"# # %-3# .3-.# <26:31=23# *H<3# \# 4H#
=-,09# P/.32# /.# .+3# G/N,G=G# 6<32/.,09# 1,773230.,/5#
<23--=23"#
#
#
#

!"## $%&$'()$
$ !"!$ $ *+,-# -./01/21# 3-./45,-+3-# /# -32,3-# 67# -3/.#
53/8/93#:5/--3-#762#:60.265#;/5;3-#/01#137,03-#.+3#.3-.#
<26:31=23-"#
#
>"## (?'$)#@#ABCB*D*B'E($
$
$ >"!$$(353:.,60#67#/#53/8/93#:5/--#,-#06.#23-.2,:.31#/-#
.6# ;/5;3# 13-,90F# 4=.# /::3<./453# ;/5=3-# 762# ;/2,6=-#
:6GG32:,/55H# /;/,5/453# 13-,90-# /23# -=993-.31# 762#
3/:+#:5/--#=0132#(3:.,60#I"#
#
# >">$ $ *+3# -./01/21# :/006.# 43# =-31# /-# /# 4/-,-# 762#
<231,:.,09# 53/8/93# /.# :601,.,60-# 6.+32# .+/0# .+6-3#
-<3:,7,31"##
#
# >"J# # *+,-# -./01/21# ,-# -,G,5/2# .6# B)?# KJIL!F# M"JF#
3N:3<.#.+/.#06#<26;,-,60#,-#G/13#762#?5/--#BOL(!#/01#
.+3#-./01/21#,-#/<<5,:/453#762#;/5;3-#P,.+#/#?;#;/5=3#
53--#.+/0#Q"!"#
#
J"## R)SBEB*B'E(#
$
# J"!# ?60.265#O/5;3#
$
$ $ J"!"!$$D#;/5;3#P,.+#/#<6P32#<6-,.,60,09#/:.=/.62#
762#G6;,09#/#:56-=23#G3G432#.6#/0H#<6-,.,60#235/.,;3#
.6# /# ;/5;3# -3/.# 62# -3/.-# ,0# 23-<60-3# .6# /01# ,0#
<26<62.,60# .6# /0# 3N.320/5# -,90/5"# # *+3# 30329H# 762# /#
:60.265#;/5;3#/:.=/.62#,-#132,;31#726G#/0#,013<30130.#
-6=2:3"#
#
$ # J"!">$ $ ?60.265# ;/5;3# 461H# -=4/--3G45,3-# 60#
P+,:+#/0#/:.=/.62#,-#.6#43#G6=0.31#/.#-6G3#5/.32#1/.3#
/23#P,.+,0#.+3#,0.30.#67#.+,-#137,0,.,60"#
#
# J">$ $ ?;# L# D0# 3N<32,G30./55H# 13.32G,031# ;/5;3#
-,T,09#:6377,:,30."#U&37"#B(D#(MK"Q!F#B(D#(MK"Q>#/01#
S?B#(./01/21#VIL!W"#
#
# J"J$ $ &/.31# O/5;3# ?/</:,.H"# # *+3# X=/0.,.H# 67# .3-.#
75=,1#U/,2#62#P/.32W#.+/.#P6=51#</--#.+26=9+#.+3#;/5;3#
/.#2/.31#.2/;35#=0132#.+3#-./.31#<23--=23#:601,.,60-#/-#
13.32G,031# 4H# .+3# /<<26<2,/.3# 3X=/.,60-# /01#
G/0=7/:.=232Y-#2/.,09-"#
#
$ J"I$ # &/.31# *2/;35"$ *+3# ;/5;3# .2/;35# /.# P+,:+# .+3#
G/0=7/:.=232Y-#2/.,09#,-#3-./45,-+31"#
#
$ J"K$ # (3/.# A3/8/93@$ *+3# X=/0.,.H# 67# .3-.# 75=,1#
</--,09# .+26=9+# /0# /--3G4531# ;/5;3# ,0# .+3# :56-31#
<6-,.,60#=0132#.+3#.3-.#:601,.,60-#/-#137,031"#

#
14A,B$)$
#
,=;>;?=$"9;CC#
?5/--#B##
U(33#I">"!W#
?5/--#BB#
U(33#I">">W#
?5/--#BBB#
U(33#I">"JW#
?5/--#BO#
U(33#I">"IW#
?5/--#O#
U(33#I">"KW#

?5/--#OB#
U(33#I">"^W#

D;EFGHG$3=;7$,=;>;?=#
(33#$/2/92/<+#I">"!#

1=C7$I85J=KH8=#
E603#

Q"K]#67#2/.31#;/5;3#:/</:,.H#

*H<3#D#
#U(33#K"!W#
*H<3#D#
U(33#K"!W#
*H<3#D#
U(33#K"!W#
*H<3#\#
U(33#K">W#

Q"!]#67#2/.31#;/5;3#:/</:,.H#
Q"Q!]#67#2/.31#;/5;3#:/</:,.H#
K#N#!QLI##G5#<32#G,0=.3#67#P/.32#<32#
,0:+#67#-3/.#1,/G3.32#<32#<-,#
1,773230.,/5#UK#N#!QL!>#GJ#<32#-3:601#
67#P/.32#<32#GG#67#-3/.#1,/G3.32#<32#
4/2#1,773230.,/5W"#
A3/8/93#<32#$/2/92/<+#K"J"I#/-#
3N<23--31#,0#G5#<32#G,0=.3#;32-=-#
-3/.#1,/G3.32#

#
$ $ I">"^# # ?AD((# OB"$ *+,-# :5/--# 3-./45,-+3-# .+3#
G/N,G=G# <32G,--,453# -3/.# 53/8/93# 93032/55H#
/--6:,/.31#P,.+#23-,5,30.#-3/.,09#:60.265#;/5;3-#3,.+32#
=04/5/0:31#62#4/5/0:31#-,0953L-3/.#P,.+#_'_#2,09-#62#
-,G,5/2#9/<53--#-3/5-"##%-3#.3-.#<26:31=23#*H<3#?"#
#
K"## *)(*#$&'?)R%&)(#
$
`/20,09a# # $26;,-,60-# -+6=51# 43# G/13# .6# /;6,1#
6;32<23--=2,09# 67# G3/-=2,09# 13;,:3-# 23-=5.,09# 726G#
,0/1;32.30.#6<30,09#67#.+3#;/5;3#<5=9"#
#
# K"!##*3-.#$26:31=23#*H<3#D$
$
$ $ K"!"!$$*3-.#G31,=G#-+/55#43#:53/0#/,2#62#P/.32#/.#
!QLK!6?#UKQL!>K6SW"#

*H<3#?#
U(33#K"JW#

$ # K"!"^$$'0#;/5;3#461H#/--3G45,3-#G/13#762#-.6:8F#
.3-.31# P,.+6=.# .+3# /:.=/.62F# /# .3-.# 7,N.=23# -+6=51# 43#
=.,5,T31# P+,:+# /<<5,3-# /# 03.# -3/.# 56/1# 06.# 3N:331,09#
.+3# G/0=7/:.=232Y-# 062G/5# 3N<3:.31# 56/1# =0132#
G/N,G=G#-32;,:3#:601,.,60-"##
#
$ $ K"!"M$ $ '0# P/.32# .3-.F# :/23# -+/55# 43# ./830# .6#
35,G,0/.3#/,2#<6:83.-#,0#.+3#;/5;3#461H#/01#<,<,09"#
#
$ $ K"!"V$$*+3#53/8/93#2/.3#.+=-#64./,031#:/0#.+30#43#
:6G</231# .6# .+3# :/5:=5/.31# ;/5=3-# 762# ?5/--3-# BBF# BBB#
/01#BO"##(33#*/453#!"#
#
# K">##*3-.#$26:31=23#*H<3#\$
$
$ # K">"!$$*3-.#75=,1#-+/55#43#:53/0#P/.32#/.#!QLK>6?#
UKQL!>K6SW"#
#
# # K">">$ $ *+3# P/.32# .3-.# 1,773230.,/5# <23--=23# -+/55#
43# P,.+,0# bcL# K# <32:30.# 67# .+3# G/N,G=G# -32;,:3#
<23--=23# 126<# /:26--# .+3# ;/5;3# <5=9F# 06.# 3N:331,09#
.+3#G/N,G=G#6<32/.,09#<23--=23#/.#266G#.3G<32/.=23#
/-#13.32G,031#4H#DE(B#\!^"!F#\!^"KF#62#\!^"JIF#62#
-6G3# 53--32# <23--=23# 4H# ,01,;,1=/5# /9233G30."##
$23--=23# G3/-=23G30.# /::=2/:H# ,-# .6# 43# ,0#
/::621/0:3#P,.+#</2/92/<+#K"!"J"#
#
$ # K">"J$ $ *+3# 75=,1# -+/55# 43# /<<5,31# .6# .+3# 062G/5#
-<3:,7,31# ,053.# 67# .+3# ;/5;3# 461H"# # *+3# ;/5;3# <5=9#
-+/55# 43# 6<3031# /01# .+3# ;/5;3# 461H# /--3G45H# 7,5531#
:6G<53.35H# P,.+# P/.32F# ,0:5=1,09# 6=.53.# <62.,60# /01#
/0H#16P0-.23/G#:6003:.,09#<,<,09F#/01#.+30#-.26831#
:56-31"#
#
# # K">"I$ $ *+3# P/.32# .3-.# 1,773230.,/5# <23--=23# /-#
-<3:,7,31# ,0# K">"># ,-# .+30# /<<5,31# P,.+# .+3# /:.=/.62#
/1d=-.31# .6# G33.# .+3# 6<32/.,09# :601,.,60-# -<3:,7,31"#

$
$ # K"!">$ $ $23--=23# 67# .3-.# G31,=G# -+/55# 43# JLI# 4/2#
UIKL^Q#<-,9W#62#P,.+,0#bcL#K#<32:30.#67#.+3#G/N,G=G#
6<32/.,09#1,773230.,/5#<23--=23F#P+,:+3;32#,-#53--"#
#
# # K"!"J$ $ A3/8/93# 756P# /01# <23--=23# 1/./# -+/55# 43#
/::=2/.3#.6#bcL#!Q#<32:30.#67#23/1,09"#
#
# # K"!"I$ $ *+3# .3-.# 75=,1# -+/55# 43# /<<5,31# .6# .+3#
062G/5#62#-<3:,7,31#;/5;3#461H#,053."##*+3#;/5;3#461H#
6=.53.# G/H# 43#6<30#.6#/.G6-<+323#62#:6003:.31#.6#/#
56P#+3/156--#G3/-=2,09#13;,:3"#
#
$ # K"!"K$$*+3#/:.=/.62#-+/55#43#/1d=-.31#.6#G33.#.+3#
6<32/.,09# :601,.,60-# -<3:,7,31"# # *+3# 7=55# 062G/5#
:56-,09#.+2=-.#/-#/<<5,31#4H#/,2#<23--=23F#/#-<2,09F#62#
6.+32#G3/0-#-+/55#.+/0#43#/<<5,31"##E6#/556P/0:3#62#
/1d=-.G30.# -+/55# 43# G/13# .6# :6G<30-/.3# 762# /0H#
,0:23/-3# ,0# -3/.# 56/1# 64./,031# P+30# .+3# .3-.#
1,773230.,/5#,-#53--#.+/0#.+3#G/N,G=G#;/5;3#6<32/.,09#
1,773230.,/5#<23--=23"$
$

# K"J##*3-.#$26:31=23#*H<3#?#L#?5/--#OB#
$
$ $ K"J"!$$*3-.#G31,=G#-+/55#43#/,2#62#0,.26930#9/-#/.#
!QLK>6?#UKQL!>K6SW"#

*+3# 03.# /:.=/.62# .+2=-.# -+/55# 43# .+3# -<3:,7,31#


G/N,G=G"# # E3.# /:.=/.62# .+2=-.# /46;3# .+3# -<3:,7,31#
G/N,G=G#,-#06.#.6#43#=-31"#
#
$ # K">"K$ $ `+30# 53/8/93# 756P# ,-# -./4,5,T31F# .+3#
X=/0.,.H# -+6=51# 43# 64-32;31# 6;32# /# <32,61# 67# .,G3#
-=77,:,30.# .6# 64./,0# .+3# /::=2/:H# =0132# </2/92/<+#
K"!"J"#
#
$ $ K">"^$$*+3#53/8/93#2/.3#.+=-#64./,031#-+/55#06.#43#
923/.32# .+/0# .+3# ;/5=3# :/5:=5/.31# 726G# .+3# 137,0,.,60#
67# G/N,G=G# -3/.# 53/8/93# 762# ?5/--# O# /-# -+6P0# ,0#
*/453#!"##*+3#06G,0/5#-3/.#1,/G3.32#,-#=0132-.661#.6#
43#.+3#1,/G3.32#/.#.+3#<6,0.#67#-3/.,09#:60./:.#.6#.+3#
03/23-.#>#GG##U!c!^#,0:+W"#
#

05GF6;9$3=;7$.F;G=7=8#
DF99FG=7=8C$L#6JM=CN$
e#>K#Ue#!Wff#
JV#U!"KW#
K!#U>W#
^I#U>"KW#
M^#UJW#
!Q>#UIW#
!K>#U^W#
>QJ#UVW#
>KQ#U!QW#
JQQ#U!>W#
JKQ#U!IW#
IQQ#U!^W#

#
$ $ K"J">$ $ $23--=23# 67# .+3# .3-.# G31,=G# -+/55# 43# .+3#
G/N,G=G#2/.31#1,773230.,/5#<23--=23#/:26--#.+3#;/5;3#
<5=9#62#J"K#4/2#UKQ#<-,W#P+,:+3;32#,-#.+3#53/-."#
#
$ $ K"J"J$ $ *+3# .3-.# 75=,1# -+/55# 43# /<<5,31# .6# .+3#
062G/5# 62# -<3:,7,31# ;/5;3# 461H# ,053.F# /01# .+3# 6=.53.#
:6003:.31#.6#/#-=,./453#G3/-=2,09#13;,:3"#
#
$ $ K"J"I$$`,.+#.+3#:60.265#;/5;3#/1d=-.31#.6#G33.#.+3#
6<32/.,09# :601,.,60-# -<3:,7,31# U-33# </2/92/<+-# K"!"K#
/01# K"!"^W# /01# P,.+# -=77,:,30.# .,G3# /556P/0:3# 762#
-./4,5,T,09# 756PF# .+3# 53/8# 2/.3# -+/55# 06.# 3N:331# .+3#
;/5=3-#,0#*/453#>"#
#
14A,B$(#
#
#
G9$O=8$DF6H7=$
AHPP9=C$O=8$DF6H7=Q$
Q"!K#
!ff#
Q"JQ#
>#
Q"IK#
J#
Q"^Q#
I#
Q"gQ#
^#
!"MQ#
!!#
I"QQ#
>M#
^"MK#
IK#
!!"!#
L#
!^"Q#
L#
>!"^#
L#
>V"I#
L#

#
#
f\=4453-#<32#G,0=.3#/-#./4=5/.31#/23#/#-=993-.31#/5.320/.,;3#4/-31#60#/#-=,./453#:/5,42/.31#G3/-=2,09#13;,:3F#,0#.+,-#
:/-3F#/#^#GG#UQ">K#,0:+W#'"R"#N##!#GG#UQ"QJ>#,0:+W#P/55#.=43#-=4G32931#,0#P/.32#.6#/#13<.+#67#726G#K#.6#!Q#GG#
UQ"!>K#.6#Q">K#,0:+W"##*+3#.=43#301#-+/55#43#:=.#-X=/23#/01#-G66.+#P,.+#06#:+/G732-#62#4=22-#/01#.+3#.=43#/N,-#-+/55#
43#<32<301,:=5/2#.6#.+3#-=27/:3#67#.+3#P/.32"##'.+32#/<</2/.=-#G/H#43#:60-.2=:.31#/01#.+3#0=G432#67#4=4453-#<32#
G,0=.3#G/H#1,7732#726G#.+6-3#-+6P0#/-#5609#/-#.+3H#:6223:.5H#,01,:/.3#.+3#756P#,0#G5#<32#G,0=.3"#
#
ffB7#.+3#;/5;3#-3/.#1,/G3.32#1,7732-#4H#G623#.+/0#>#GG#UQ"QV#,0:+W#726G#603#67#.+3#;/5=3-#5,-.31F#.+3#53/8/93#2/.3#
G/H#43#64./,031#4H#,0.32<65/.,60#/--=G,09#.+/.#.+3#53/8/93#2/.3#;/2,3-#/-#.+3#-X=/23#67#.+3#-3/.#1,/G3.32"#
#

^"## &)S)&)E?)(#
#
^"!##B0.320/.,60/5#)53:.2,:/5#?6GG,--,60#UB)?W#
(./01/21-a##B01=-.2,/5#$26:3--#?60.265#O/5;3-F#
B0.320/.,60/5#)53:.2,:/5#?6GG,--,60F#[303;/F##
(P,.T325/01F#KJILI#DG301G30.#E6"##!#UD=9=-.#
!gV^W#hB0-<3:.,60#/01#&6=.,03#*3-.,09i"

Вам также может понравиться