Inglês

C3 1A INGLES 2013 Lu 26/02/13 10:46 Pgina 205
Grammar and Texts Mdulos

33 Genitive Case
39 Prepositions
34 Text: That Explains It!

Hamburgers
40 Text: Witch News
35 Text: Advice
41 Text: Hairdressers top job

satisfaction poll
36 Texts: Yoga for Children

Spa Kids
42 Text: Jumping across cities
37 Text: Ha, Ha, Ha

I Feel Better!
43 Text: The Reading of the will
38 Puzzles
44 Text: Crime and Punishment
London Taxi
33
Genitive Case
O Genitive Case (Possessive Case) usado

quando quisermos estabelecer, principalmente, uma
relao de posse, podendo tambm representar uma
relao de parentesco, autoria etc. representado em
ingls por um s ou simplesmente um apstrofo ().
Exemplos:
The book of the girl = The girls book
The house of the dog = The dogs house
Ateno:
O elemento a receber s () dever ser uma pessoa
ou animal, nunca uma coisa.
The glass of the window
nunca
The windows glass
1. s
The husband of the waitress The waitresss

husband
b) substantivos plurais, no terminados em -s.

The toys of the children The childrens toys.
The jewels of the women The womens jewels.
Ateno:
Pode-se omitir os substantivos shop, office, house,
church, cathedral na relao genitiva.
My mother went to the hairdressers. (shop)
Jane got married in St. Patricks. (cathedral)
2. ()
Recebem apenas apstrofo () na relao genitiva.
a) substantivos plurais terminados em -s.
Recebem s na relao genitiva:

a) substantivos singulares, terminados ou no em -s.
The uniforms of the girls The girls uniforms

The stables of the horses The horses stables
b) nomes clssicos, famosos, terminados em -s.
The mother of Helen Helens mother

The cap of the boy The boys cap
The words of Jesus Jesus words

The thoughts of Socrates Socrates thoughts
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Observaes:
a) quando houver dois ou mais possuidores para
e) usamos o Genitive Case em expresses de

tempo, medida e quantidade.
um s elemento possudo, s o ltimo possuidor recebe

s ou ().
a weeks holiday (um feriado de uma semana)

a months wage (salrio de um ms)
a pounds weight (o peso de uma libra)
The father of Henry and Paul Henry and Pauls

father.
b) quando houver dois ou mais possuidores para

elementos possudos diferentes, todos os elementos
possuidores recebem s ou ().
f) podemos usar o Genitive Case se o possuidor

for o governo, um lugar ou uma organizao.
The governments intention
Brazils inhabitants
The fathers of Henry and Paul Henrys and Pauls

fathers.
g) o Genitive Case usado em certas expresses

c) quando nos referimos, mais de uma vez, na mes-
idiomticas
For Heavens sake
(pelo amor de Deus)
For Gods sake
ma sequncia, a um s elemento possudo, este pode

ser omitido na segunda vez, usando-se somente s ou ().
Whose dictionary is this?
It is the students. (dictionary)
O Duplo Possessivo
He put his arm through his girlfriends. (arm)
d) substantivos compostos recebem s no ltimo
Usa-se o duplo possessivo quando quisermos

indicar um dos, uma das
Exemplos:
An aunt of Charless
(uma das tias de Charles)
A CD of my brothers
(um dos CDs de meu irmo)
elemento.
The farm of my father-in-law My father-in-laws
farm.
The wives of my brothers-in-law My brothers-inlaws wives.
Exerccios Resolvidos
Write APOSTROPHE S into the gaps.
Examples:
Mens
_________________
shoes are on the 2nd floor. (men)
Archimedes principles for tomorrow. (Archimedes)

I have to study _________________
Jane and Bobs

_______________________
house is across the street. (Jane and Bob)
todays
Do you have _______________
newspaper? (today)
Jamess
_________________
CD player is new. (James)
parents
My _________________
address is on Madison Avenue. (parents)
Brownss
The _________________
house was built in the 18th century. (Browns)
Cindys and Junes husbands are brothers. (Cindy and June)

________________________
I.
Use possessive case by adding apostrophes as necessary.
s storm caused a lot of damage.

Last week ____
s
I borrowed the secretary ______
pen to fill out the
application____ form.
sleep at night.
Average people need eight hours ____
s flat is much bigger than John ____.

s
Jack ____
s house and that is the Carters ___

house.
This is Charles ___
I have four uncles. All of my uncles _____

homes are close
s apartment.
to my mother____
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Linda ____
s and Gloria ____
s husbands are factory workers.
s
I need to get some medicine. Is there a chemist _________
near here?
s mother works in the post

Simon ______ and Andrew _____
office.
s favorite part of the circus was the clown.

The children____
They sell shoes at that store. It is a shoe _______ store.
A good Christian must follow Jesus____ words.
a)
c)
e)
I found __________________________ when I was crossing

the avenue.
someone ID
b) of someone ID
IDs someone
d) someones ID
ID of someones
RESOLUO: Resposta: D

a)
c)
e)
When I need to buy beef and pork I go to the ___________.

bakers
b) chemists
c) butchers
cleaners
e) grocers
RESOLUO: Resposta: C
___________________ and _________________ grades are

much better this semester.
a) James and Bobs
b) Jamess and Bobs
c) James and Bobs
d) James and Bob
e) Jamess and Bob
RESOLUO: Resposta: B
II. Choose the correct alternative.

a)
d)

a)
c)
e)
I like _________________________. I like salads that contain

tomatoes.
tomatoes salads
b) tomatos salads
tomatoes salads
d) tomato salads
salads tomatoes
a)
d)
When I need to buy flour and rice I go to the ____________.

butchers
b) chemists
c) grocers
cleaners
e) bakers
_________________________________ of the magazine has

several interesting articles.
This months issue
b) This monthss issue
The issue of this months
d) These monthss issues
This months issue
RESOLUO: Resposta: E

a)
c)
e)
Shes invited ____________________________.

all the other boys parents b) all another boys parents
all the other boys parents
d) all the other boys parents
all the others boys parents

a)
c)
e)
Do you like my __________________________ new haircut?

mothers-in-law
b) mother-in-law
mother-in-lawss
d) mother-in-laws
mothers-in-law

a)
c)
e)
____________________ to Europe have increased recently.

Brazil exports
b) Brazils exports
The Brazils exports
d) The Brazil exports
The exports of Brazils
I went to sleep at 3 oclock this morning and woke up at 6

oclock. So I only had a ______________.
a) three hours sleep
b) three hours sleep
c) three hours sleep
d) three hourss sleep
e) three hours of sleep
RESOLUO: Resposta: A

a)
d)
Dont use that plate; its ___________________.

the cat
b) the cats
c) of the cats
the catss
e) cats

a)
c)
e)
Look at _________________________________.
the color of the sky
b) the skys color
the skies color
d) the color of the skys
skies color
No Portal Objetivo
Para saber mais sobre o assunto, acesse o PORTAL
OBJETIVO (www.portal.objetivo.br) e, em localizar,
digite ING1M301
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Text
34
THAT EXPLAINS IT!
HAMBURGERS
Why is it called a hamburger when there is no
ham in it?
Why is it Wheres the beef when it should be
wheres the ham?
The answer is really quite simple: because
Hamburg, Germany, made the first hamburgers.
However, the history of the
hamburger is actually more complicated. Who actually invented
the first hamburger remains a
mystery.
Some say it was a group of
nomadic people called the Tartars
who tenderized their beef by
placing it under a horses saddle flattening it into
a patty. Others believe it was the German
immigrants who traveled to the United States during
the 19th century bringing with them their favorite
meal called Hamburg Style Beef a raw chopped,
piece of beef. Some argue Americans placed the
first cooked beef patty on a roll at the St. Louis
Worlds Fair in 1921.
Although beef is the most popular meat used in

hamburgers, other meats such as pork and turkey
have been used.
Ever since Bobs Big Boy introduced the first
double patty burger, new varieties of burgers have
been created. Today people enjoy veggie burgers
and turkey burgers, with many different
toppings including lettuce, mushrooms,
cheese, onions, tomatoes, ketchup,
mustard, and pickles.
Hamburgers remain one of the most
favorite foods among Americans today.
Ranking #1 among all restaurants
with 26,000 stores in 119 countries,
McDonalds serves billions of hamburgers
worldwide.
Holy Hamburger!
On average, Americans eat 3 hamburgers a week.
McDonalds has sold 12 hamburgers for every
person in the world.
60% of all sandwiches eaten are hamburgers.
(Cool Quiz)
Translate into Portuguese.

However, the history of the hamburger is actually more
complicated.
RESOLUO:
Contudo, a histria do hamburger realmente mais
complicada.
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INGLS
Write in English.
Em mdia, os americanos comem 3 hamburgers por semana.
RESOLUO:
On average, Americans eat 3 hamburgers a week.
VOCABULARY
Match the columns.
A horses saddle is a seat, usually made of leather, used on

sela
a horse = _____________.
1. ham
a) carne bovina
2. beef
b) pozinho
3. however
c) cozida
4. patty
d) presunto
5. cooked
e) bolinho
6. roll
f) entretanto, contudo
raw
The opposite of cooked meat is _________________
meat.
How could you translate.

a)
acar mascavo
raw sugar = _______________________________.
b)
matria prima
raw material = _____________________________.
c)
peixe cru
raw fish = _________________________________.
Food preparation.
Dont confound.
a)
bastante
Quite = ____________________________
This book is quite good.
Translate
quieto, calado
Quiet = ____________________________
a)
descascar as batatas
to peel the potatoes = _______________________________
b)
picar as cebolas
to chop the onions = _________________________________
c)
cortar o alface (em tiras)

to shred the lettuce = ________________________________
d)
fatiar os cogumelos
to slice the mushrooms = ____________________________
Match the columns.
b)
He was a shy, quiet boy.
Attention
Actually is a false friend
and means the same as
realmente, de fato
really, in fact = _______________________
nowadays
Atualmente, in English, is ________________
Complete the sentences by using the verbs from the chart.

should
to remain to tenderize to place

to flatten
a) peru
2. pork
b) coberturas
3. turkey
c) de legumes
4. veggie
d) lojas
5. toppings
e) porco (carne)
6. stores
f) embora
to bring
a)
placed
She ________________
her name on the list of volunteers.
b)
bring
Next time you come, ______________
your boyfriend along.
c)
should
You really _______________
see that new movie if you have
the chance.
d)
1. although
flattened
She ______________
the beef to prepare the hamburgers.
a)
Turquia
The word TURKEY also refers to a country = _____________
b)
pig
Pork is the meat from a ___________.
Translate:
Ranking #1 among all restaurants, McDonalds serves billions

of hamburgers worldwide.
e)
f)
to remain
The doctor ordered him ________________
in bed for a few
days.
Ocupando a primeira posio entre todos os restaurantes, o

McDonalds serve bilhes de hamburgers no mundo todo.
To tenderize
________________
meat is to make it tender by beating it.
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209
TEXT COMPREHENSION

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The text states that

hamburger is surely a typical American invention.
hamburger is McDonalds most famous invention.
hamburger is named after the German city of Hamburg
and doesnt actually contain any ham.
the Germans presented their Hamburg Style Beef at the
St. Louis Worlds Fair in 1921.
hamburger is the Germans favorite meal.
The words German, cooked and serves, in the text, are

respectively
a)
noun, adjective, verb
b)
adjective, verb, verb
c)
noun, verb, verb
d)
adjective, adjective, verb
e)
adjective, verb, noun

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
In which of the following alternatives the word fair has the

same meaning as shown in the text?
Do you think we live in a fair society?
Shes got a fair complexion so she has to be careful not to
stay out in the sun.
Hes good at Biology and fair at Chemistry.
A fair number of people wrote in to complain about the
program.
I bought a wooden box at the local craft fair.
Actually is a false friend and means realmente in Portuguese. Which of the following alternatives is not a false
a)
d)
friend?
fabric
exit
b) lecture
e) desert
c) lunch
FURTHER INFORMATION
WORKING TIME TO BUY ONE BIG MAC

CITY
NAIROBI
WAGES
MINUTES*
185
KIEV
84
BANGKOK
50
TEL AVIV
31
ISTANBUL
36
burger. In Nairobi, it takes
LONDON
16
three hours to afford one; in
HONG KONG
13
Chicago, L.A., or Tokyo, just
NEW YORK
12
10 minutes will do it. The time
TOKYO
10
If youre having a Big Mac

attack,
where
you
live
determines how long you have

to work to buy the McDonalds
required in other cities falls in between, says a UBS study.
*Methodology: Product price divided by weighted average net

hourly pay across 12 occupations.
For your own notes

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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35
Text
ADVICE
A doctor and a lawyer were talking at a party.

Their conversation was constantly interrupted by
people describing their ailments and asking the
doctor for free medical advice.
After an hour of this, the exasperated doctor
asked the lawyer, What do you do to stop people
from asking you for legal advice when youre out of
the office?
I give it to them, replied the lawyer, and then
I send them a bill.
The doctor was shocked, but agreed to give it a
try. The next day, still feeling slightly guilty, the
doctor prepared the bills. When he went to place
them in his mailbox, he found a bill from the lawyer.
(Cool Quiz)
O objetivo do texto :
a) Sensibilizar viajantes a participarem de uma campanha de
caridade.
b) Divulgar aos viajantes a campanha de Natal da Swissair.
c) Arrecadar fundos para a associao dos funcionrios da
Swissair.
d) Recolher donativos para entidades assistenciais da Swissair.
e) Angariar recursos para a compra de agasalhos para rfos.
Segundo o texto, os envelopes de arrecadao so recolhidos:

a) Pelas crianas da SOS Childrens Villages.
b) Pelas famlias adotivas de crianas rfs.
c) Pelos funcionrios da SOS e da Swissair.
d) Pelos comissrios de bordo da Swissair.
e) Pelos voluntrios da entidade beneficente promotora.
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211
VOCABULARY
I.
II.
Advice is a false friend and means.
How would you say aviso in English?
conselho
________________________________________
warning
________________________________________
Combine the words in column A with their synonyms in column B.

A
1. doctor
a) following
2. lawyer
b) answered
3. talking
c) chatting
4. interrupted
d) culpable
5. ailments
e) stopped
6. advice
f) diseases
7. replied
g) attorney
8. agreed
h) a little
9. try
i) counsel
10. next
10
j) consented
11. slightly
11
k) attempt
12. guilty
12
l) physician
Everyday Conversations
III. Match these sentences with the best response.
212
1. Could you spell that, please?
a) How about going to the movies?
2. Theyre really friendly people, arent they?
b) Its Johnson.
3. Would you like to come to the movies with us?
c) Congratulations.
4. Which of these would you like?
d) No, thanks. Its all right.
5. What shall we do this evening?
e) Yes, they are, arent they?
6. Do you want any help?
f) Not at all.
7. Im sorry. I cant remember your last name.
g) Im afraid I cant.
8. I passed my drivers test.
h) The green one, please.
9. Youre from Venezuela, arent you?
i) Sure. C-U-P-B-O-A-R-D
10. Its very kind of you to help.
10
j) Neither do I.
11. I dont like loud music.
11
k) I hope not!
12. Is it going to rain tonight?
12
l) Yes, thats right.
INGLS
IV. Complete each sentence with the opposite of the word in

parentheses.
TEXT COMPREHENSION
tight
Are you sure your belt isnt too ________________?
(loose)
a)
smooth
She has such ____________________________
skin. (rough)
b)
c)
d)
All alternatives are correct but:

guests at the party were asking the doctor for free
counsel.
at first the doctor didnt mind giving some advice.
the lawyer used to refuse to give any advice out of the
office.
the doctor tried to do what the lawyer had told him to.
shallow
The water is pretty _____________________
(deep) around
here.
high
The risk of fire is __________________
in this season. (low)
sharp
He separated the _____________________
knives from the
a)
c)
others. (blunt)
narrow
The little village has very ________________
streets. (wide)
(American Vocabulary, John Flower and others)
There are three adjectives in the text which are related to

the doctor. Which are they?
O mdico me aconselhou a ficar em casa.
The doctor advised me to stay (at) home.
RESOLUO:
They are: exasperated, shocked and guilty.
V. Write in English.
In the sentence, ... the exasperated doctor..., the

underlined word is closest in meaning to:
angry
b) cheerful
wise
d) patient
O conselho do mdico para ficar em casa e descansar.
The doctors advice is to stay (at) home and rest.
a)
c)
e)
Which of the following alternatives is not a profession?

attorney
b) ladder
physician
d) cook
chemist
ANOTAES
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Text
36
Text 1
YOGA
FOR
CHILDREN
Though it may just be a momentary mania, yoga for kids

is a fast-expanding business. American parents who practice
yoga themselves are steering their children away from
competitive sports towards this non-stress alternative. And
the numbers speak for themselves. In New York, classes that
once catered to 50 children per week (at a cost of $20 per
45-minute session) are now reporting an enrolment of 150.
Already on the market are childrens yoga videos and
relaxation blankets. A line of childrens yoga clothing and a
chain of kiddie yoga studios are in the works.
(Speak Up)
(UFLA)
FOR SALE
b) An editorial.
c) A recipe.
1977 Ford Sedan
d) A classified ad.
White w/light gray interior
Low mileage. Like new

Air, automatic, power steering, brakes
Which of the following best describes the passage?

a) A news item.
$ 5.000 or best offer
It may be concluded that Jim will.

a) sell his car to a buyer who offers him $ 4.800 if no one else
offers him more
By original owner
b) not sell his car for less than $ 5.000.
241-3281 weekdays. 287-4479 weekends
c) sell his car to the original owner.
AM/FM, cassette stereo
Ask for Jim Black
d) sell his car for any price.

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INGLS
VOCABULARY
I.
Match the columns.
1. enrolment
a) onda
2. clothing
b) rumo a
3. mania
c) embora
4. pastime
d) j
5. though
e) matrcula
6. blanket
f) passatempo
7. towards
g) cobertor
8. already
h) roupas

atender a
to cater to = ________________________________.
The popular newspapers cater to the publics taste for
scandal.
nos planos
in the works = ______________________________.
The company is planning to expand its operations. A new
line of deodorants and shampoos is in the works.
afastar
to steer away = ____________________________.
He steered the conversation away from the subject of
money.
relatar
to report = ________________________________.
You should report the incident to the police immediately.
III. Write in English.
De acordo com especialistas, a ioga ajuda a controlar

corpo e a mente.
According to experts, yoga helps to control the body and the
II.
Translate the following underlined words and/or expressions.

matrcula
enrolment = _________________________________.
The deadline for enrolment is three days before the class.
mind.
A matrcula deve ser feita uma semana antes do exame.
The enrolment must be done one week before the exam.
que est crescendo rapidamente

fast expanding = __________________________________.
Yoga for children is a fast-expanding business.
Text 2
SPA KIDS
Call it a disheartening sign of the times children are now so

stressed out that they are seeking professional help. Yet relief is not
coming from doctors or psychiatrists but from a less traditional front
health spas catering exclusively to kids. So popular have these venues
become that one San Antonio, Texas spa registered 700 kids in two
months. Favorite procedures include massages, facials (about $40 for
25 minutes), hair braiding and henna tattoos (from $4 to $20).
Spa treatments for children

include facials and hair braiding.
(Speak Up)
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215
VOCABULARY
I.
TEXT COMPRHENSION
Write T (true) or F (false) according to the texts youve just
read.
Match the columns.
1. venues
a) alvio
2. hair braiding
b) limpezas de pele
3. relief
c) aproximadamente
4. signal
d) procedimentos
5. facials
e) locais
6. procedures
f) sinal
7. about
g) tranas nos cabelos
II.
Look at the different meanings of YET.
Cindy hasnt arrived YET.

ainda
yet (negative sentences) = ________________________.
T ) These spas have become very popular among kids.
F ) There are roughly 700 kids registered in this kind
F ) The author does not support the idea of spas for
kids.
F ) The mentioned spas provide the children with very
few services.
of establishment in the States.
T ) It seems that the younger generation is more
stressed out than the older one.

YET I hope she will come.
contudo, entretanto
yet (affirmative sentences) = _______________________.
F ) Doctors and psychiatrists are the only professionals
able to soften stressed out kids.

III. A circumstance that is disheartening depresses and
disappoints you.
offered by the kind of spas mentioned in the texts.
Its very disheartening when nobody notices your hard

work.
deprimente
disheartening = ________________________________.
F ) Parents and their children can share the well-being
F ) Children dont even think about looking for some
help when they feel stressed out.

IV. Translate the following sentence.
Jane graduated at Chicago Business School last year and is
seeking employment now.
F ) yet (in text 2) has the same meaning as still.
Jane graduou-se na Chicago Business School no ano passado
T ) help (in text 2) could be replaced by aid.
F ) Parents prefer competitive sports to yoga.
F ) A new line of childrens yoga clothing is already on
e est procurando emprego agora.
V. Write in English.
Os spas mencionados no texto oferecem vrios procedimentos.
the market.
The spas mentioned in the text offer several procedures.
F ) Relaxation blankets can be bought at a cost of $20.
T ) Though (in text 1) has the same meaning as
O Rio de Janeiro ser o local dos Jogos Olmpicos de

2016.
although.
Rio de Janeiro will be the venue for 2016 Olympic Games.
T ) kiddie (in text 1) has the same meaning as
young child.
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37
Text 1
Text
HA, HA, HA I FEEL BETTER!
A group of men and women are standing

around in a circle. First, someone starts to laugh.
Then a few more people chuckle. Soon, the whole
gang is cracking up. They are
not laughing because someone
said something funny. Instead,
this group of people is
practicing laughter therapy.
When we laugh from
being tickled or after hearing a
joke, our bodies and minds
feel good. Laughing is also
contagious. When one person
laughs, the people around him or her will soon start
laughing, too.
The use of laughter therapy has been in
hospitals since the 1970s. A doctor in the US found
that getting his patients to laugh helped them

recover better. His story was later made into the
movie Patch Adams, which starred Robin Williams.
In India, Dr. Madan Kataria
started a laughter club in
1995 to encourage good
health. From then on, this
form of therapy has spread
around the world. People in
these groups may feel
uncomfortable
at
first
because the laughter feels
forced. But once they give
in and fully enjoy the 45minute activity, they feel at ease. People who take
part in laughter therapy learn what scientists have
known for years laughter is the best medicine.
(englishday)
Exerccio Resolvido
O texto faz, ao mesmo tempo, uma denncia e uma alerta.

a) Qual a denncia?
b) Qual o alerta?
RESOLUO:
a) O texto denuncia o uso de pessoas como cobaias para
testar um novo cigarro com menos toxinas na Grande
Indianpolis.
b) O texto alerta que toxinas so venenos; independemente
da quantidade consumida, podem levar um indivduo
morte.
www.no-smoking.org (Unicamp)
INGLS
217
Now, fill in the blanks, using the vocabulary above. Not all
words will be used.
VOCABULARY
I.
Eu me sinto melhor
The translation of I feel better is ____________________
good
and better is the comparative form of _______________.
II.
spread
The wine stain _________________
accross the tablecloth.
the whole
He ate ___________________
sandwich.
instead
I dont want to go home. Lets go to a movie, ___________.
STAND
Try to guess the different meanings of STAND in the following

sentences.
a few
Most of the guests arrived on time, but ________________
arrived late.
After the hurricane, very few trees or houses were still

standing.
de p
standing = _______________________________
V.
People stood up when the judge entered the courtroom.
I went to the store, THEN.

I went to the bank.
ficar em p, levantar
to stand up = ____________________________
I cant stand this noise!
no suportar
cant stand = ____________________________
I bought lunch at a stand on the corner.
barraca, estande
stand = _________________________________
I went to the first taxi at the stand and opened the door.
ponto (taxi)
stand = _________________________________
THEN
depois, ento
Then ________________________
naquela poca
Another meaning for then would be _____________________.
Ex.: I dont remember President Kennedy. I wasnt alive then.
VI. In the text, the verbs laugh, chuckle and crack up

rir
are related to laughter, fun = _______________
VII.
SOMEONE SOMEBODY SOMETHING
Use these indefinite pronouns to fill in the blanks.

III. Turn into Portuguese.
They are standing around in a circle.
Eles esto em p em um crculo.
How do you say?

retngulo:
rectangle
________________________________
quadrado:
square
________________________________
tringulo:
triangle
________________________________
something
She said ____________________
when she was leaving but
I couldnt understand what.
Someone / Somebody
________________________
must tell her the truth.
someone / somebody talking to your brother.

There was ______________________
someone / somebody to help you with

Would you like _______________________
your task?
VIII.Try to find out the meanings of the underlined expressions

IV. Match the columns.
Mary tickled me until I was laughing histerically.
Fazer ccegas
to tickle = _________________________
c) curtir
I heard the silly joke he had just told her sister.
d) algumas
ouvir
to hear = __________________________
e) logo
a piada idiota
the silly joke = _____________________
6. minds
f) em vez disso
7. to spread
g) toda
The recycled paper will be made into carboard boxes.
8. to enjoy
h) engraado
ser transformado em
to be made into = __________________________
1. a few
a) mentes
2. soon
b) espalhar-se
3. the whole
4. funny
5. instead
218
INGLS
She had a car accident a year ago and has suffered from
back pain from then on.
desde ento, daquele momento em diante

from then on = ______________________________________
At first I thought he was joking but then I realized he mean it.
primeiramente
at first = _____________________________
She was determined not to give in until she received

compensation for the accident.
ceder
to give in = __________________________
A reao dele foi inesperada. Ele comeou a rir em vez de

chorar.
His reaction was unexpected. He started laughing instead of

crying.
XI. Match the synonyms.

1. a few
a) unhappy
2. to enjoy
b) presently
3. soon
c) fast
He immediately felt completely at ease, that means

relaxed and able to talk freely.
4. whole
d) some
5. at first
e) ill
vontade
at ease = ____________________________
6. unfortunate
f) entire
As a secretary, I took part in several top management

meetings.
7. quickly
g) to like
8. unhealthy
h) firstly
participar de
to take part in = ______________________
TEXT COMPREHENSION
desconfortvel
IX. UN comfortable = ___________________________
negao, contrrio
a)
b)
c)
What do people do during laughter therapy?

They tell each other jokes so that they can laugh.
They laugh because doctors tickle them.
They try to laugh along with other people for health
purposes.
They form a circle and laugh at one person.
Translate:
d)
infeliz
unfortunate: _____________________________
_
inesperado
unexpected: _______________
_______________
doente
unhealthy: _____________________
___________
desconfortvel, preocupado
unease: __________________________
________
inacreditvel
unbelievable: _________________________
____
a)
b)
c)
d)
According to the text:

Scientists have long known that laughter is the best
medicine.
Robin Williams is a famous doctor in the US.
People feel comfortable right from the start when
practicing laughter therapy.
Laughter therapy is limited to the US and India.
totalmente, completamente
Ful ly = ___________________________
Answer in Portuguese.
advrbio
Translate:
Desde quando a terapia do riso existe em hospitais?
Desde a dcada de 70.
lentamente
slowly: __________________________________
_
rapidamente
quickly: _______________
____________________
principalmente
mainly: ________________________
___________
Em 1995 um mdico, Dr. Madan Kataria, iniciou um clube do riso
Segundo o texto, o que aconteceu em 1995?
para incentivar a boa sade (bem-estar).
X. Turn into English.
Est provado que rir o melhor remdio.
It is proved that laughing is the best medicine.
Quem Patch Adams?
Um mdico americano que descobriu que os pacientes que riam
Sua esposa est completamente infeliz.
se recuperavam melhor.
Your wife is fully unhappy.
INGLS
219
Puzzles
38
d)
As an American Express Cardmember, you will enjoy a

relationship with us that _____ beyond the ordinary. You will be treated
as a member, not a number. And you will receive the respect and
recognition seldom found today.
(Speak Up) (Unip)
I.
A palavra que falta na segunda linha do texto .

go
b) going
c) gone
a)
went
e) goes
a)
O termo seldom, grifado no texto, poderia ser substitudo por:

nearly
b) usually
c) rarely
d)
often
e) occasionally
Find the missing letter in each of the words below. First, write the correct letters in the words. Then copy those letters into the
numbered squares to make three ten-letter words. Each mystery word is an adjective.
S _ _M_ _ A R T
B _ _A_ _ S I C
3 B _ _R_ _ I B E
4 C I _ _V_ _ I L I S E D
M O V I _ _E_ _
P _ _L_ _ U G
7 _ _L_ _ I M I T
8 S T E R E _ _O_ _
H _ _U_ _ G E
10 _ _S_ _ C A R E
Mystery word 1
10
11
A D O P _ _T_ _
12 O U T E _ _R_ _
13 H _ _E_ _ A P
14 I _ _M_ _ P LY
15
P _ _E_ _ A R L
16 V E I _ _N_ _
17 F R A U _ _D_ _
18 C _ _O_ _ D E
19 F _ _U_ _ E L
20 _ _S_ _ M A C K
Mystery word 2
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
_ _W_ _ E I R D
22 S T U D I _ _O_ _
23 U _ _R_ _ G E
24 B O _ _T_ _ H E R
25
T _ _H_ _ R I L L
26 _ _W_ _ H I L E
27 C _ _H_ _ I P S
28 M _ _I _ _ L D
29
R E _ _L_ _ Y
30 S _ _E_ _ L F
H
28
Mystery word 3
220
21
INGLS
22
23
24
25
26
27
29
30
II.
Find two hidden parts of the body. Decide whether the sentences are true (T) or false (F) and write the correct letter from the
puzzle in the box on the right. Then rearrange the eight letters on the right to form a new word.
Hidden word 1
S
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
This is my fathers brother.

Hes my nephew.
You should keep your receipt
when you buy something.
The boys wound was caused
by a knife.
Rich people dont usually
experience poverty.
Most parents would like their
children to be cheeky.
We couldnt drive the car.
It was a wreck.
Another word for difficult
is peculiar.
Shes an orphan. Both her
parents are dead.
Hidden word 2
D
A
R
S
U
M
H
N
O
L L
G R
T S
F U
D D
I H
E E
L O
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
To make bread, you

need flour.
You dont have much energy
if you are feeling exhausted.
People often keep cattle as
pets in the house.
Too much alcohol can
make you drunk.
The opposite of temporary
is permanent.
Tragic stories usually have
a happy ending.
Johns parents were filled with
pride when he won the race.
Ambitious people are usually
very lazy.
H
R
M
D
E
H
A
B
I H
T R
O O
G D
U E
F F
S A
E E
III. Put the words in the list below into six groups. There are five words in each group.
architecture
bleed
ceiling
cheque
clerk
climate
cream
cure
department
disease
drug
economic
MONEY
electrician
fog
honey
jam
lawyer
lightning
medical
mist
FOOD
mustard
pudding
rebel
rent
slave
thunder
tower
value
workshop
worth
HEALTH & ILLNESS
cheque
________________________________
cream
________________________________
bleed
________________________________
economic
________________________________
honey
________________________________
cure
________________________________
rent
________________________________
jam
________________________________
disease
________________________________
value
________________________________
mustard
________________________________
drug
________________________________
worth
________________________________
pudding
________________________________
medical
________________________________
PEOPLE &
JOBS
WEATHER
BUILDINGS
clerk
________________________________
climate
________________________________
architecture
________________________________
electrician
________________________________
fog
________________________________
ceiling
________________________________
lawyer
________________________________
lightning
________________________________
department
________________________________
rebel
________________________________
mist
________________________________
tower
________________________________
slave
________________________________
thunder
________________________________
workshop
________________________________
INGLS
221
IV. Four families live in a four-storey block of flats. The flats are numbered 1, 2, 3 and 4. All four families are watching TV at the
same time but each family is watching a different programme on a different channel. Use the clues to work out which flat each
family lives in, what theyre watching and on which TV channel.
Clues
1.
One family is watching a music programme on MTV.
2.
The Reidys live just below the Murrays. The Reidys are watching a nature programme.
3.
The family who lives at flat number 2 is watching a news programme. They arent watching it on Sky TV.
4.
The family who lives at flat number 4 is watching something on BBC 2.
5.
The Glovers live at flat number 3.
Names: Glovers, Reidys, Murrays, Halfords

Programmes: nature, music, news, film
Channels: MTV, Sky TV, BBC 2, Channel 4
(Puzzle Time, Olivia Johnston)
ANOTAES
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
222
INGLS
39
Prepositions
I. AT, ON, IN com

expresses de tempo
When did the students arrive?
AT
IN
{
{
8 oclock
7:15
6 p.m
noon
midnight
night
ON
Monday
May 16
Mothers Day
Saturday
II. AT, ON, IN com endereos

Where do you live?
I live
AT
ON
January
1964
the morning/afternoon/evening
the 20th century
the thirties
winter
IN
{
{
621 State Street

351 Wandermere Rd.
The United States

So Paulo
Miami
Europe
Paulista Avenue
Hudson Street
III. Expresses com AT, ON, IN

ON the telephone.
ON fire.
ON horseback.
AT present.
ON time.
AT first sight.
ON show.
ON holiday.
IN time.
IN love.
ON strike.
ON the hour.
ON purpose.
ON foot.
IN/AT the end.
AT 120 mph.
ON business.
AT once.
AT war.
AT best.
ON duty.
IN a hurry.
AT play.
AT worst.
ON a diet.
ON a farm.
IN danger.
IN a bad temper.
AT most.
IN white.
IN bed.
IN return.
AT hand.
IN English.
AT last.
IN a whisper.
AT a loss.
IN ink.
AT home.
IN the nude.
ON sale.
ON TV.
AT work.
ON the blackboard.
ON the contrary.
AT least.
AT lunchtime.
ON the Internet.
INGLS
223
Complete with AT, ON or IN.
at
Jonathan left the navy __________
the age of 30.
on
They live __________
Sunrise Avenue.
on
He goes to the club __________
Mondays and Wednesdays.
VOCABULARY
at
They live __________
750 Sunrise Avenue.
at
Jim was __________
her sisters last night
at
in
We may meet either __________
noon or __________
the evening.
Wheres the tree?
outside
Its _________________________
the room.
I. Match the columns.

PORTUGUESE
ENGLISH
Wheres the map?
1. acima de
a) inside
2. ao lado de
b) in front of
3. em cima de
c) between
4. na frente de
d) on
5. embaixo de
e) outside
6. dentro de
f) above
g) behind
8. entre
h) under
9. fora de
i)
below
above
Its ___________________
the desk.
10. atrs de
10
j)
beside / next to
7.
abaixo de
on
Its __________
the wall.
on
Its __________
the chest.
Situation: Ralph is studying in his room.
Wheres the wastebasket?
beside
Its ____________________
the desk.

II.
Wheres the clock?
Where is the light?
Where are Ralphs legs?
under
Theyre __________________
the desk.
Wheres the desk?
below
Its ________________
the light.
Where is the bed?
behind
Its _____________________
Ralph.
Look at the picture and complete the sentences with

prepositions.
224
INGLS
in
Hes _________
the room.
Where is the armchair?
in front of
Its _______________________
the bookcase.
Wheres Ralph?
at
Hes __________
the desk.
Where is the chest?
between
Its ________________________
the bed and the bookcase.
III. Complete with at, on, in:
at
John usually sits ___________
the table for dinner.
in
in
He was born ___________
December, ___________
1965.
on
Why dont you come ____________
April 30?
at
Her address is __________
354 Joy Street.
on
The house is ________
fire!
in
Im _________
love with Mary.
on
They go to school _________
foot.
at
Call the police __________
once.
on
Theyre not working. Theyre ________
vacation.
at
________
night she works as a nurse.
On
This is not bad. __________
the contrary, I like it very much.
at
on
I usually have lunch _________
2 p.m. ________
weekends.
at
on
The books _________
that bookstore are _________
sale.
in
on
They live ________
Rome ________
Michelangelo Avenue.

21
on
in
Im sitting _______
a chair and my sister is sitting _______

on
Im going to meet them __________
Christmas Eve.
at
in
Shes always __________
home _________
the morning but
an armchair.
on
Mary lives _________
the second floor.
on
My grandmother is living __________
a farm.
at
in
My sister is ________
work __________
the afternoon but

22
on
Look for the answers _______
page 446.

23
He put the suit on but it didnt fit him. Thats why hes
on
_________
a diet.
in
at
________
the evening she is ________
home.

24
on
The policeman was _______
duty when he was murdered.
in
Come on! Im _________
a hurry!

25
on
My husband always travels _______
business.

26
He hates talking _______

on
the phone.
at
Love is like a fire. Especially love ________
first sight!
No Portal Objetivo
Para saber mais sobre o assunto, acesse o PORTAL OBJETIVO
ING1M302
(www.portal.objetivo.br) e, em localizar, digite
INGLS
225
IV. Reading a City Map 1

Use the city map to answer the questions.
1.
A: Hi. Could you tell me where the da-da-da is?

book store
B: The _________________
is across the street
from the university, next to the beauty shop.
2.
A: Hi. Could you tell me where the da-da-da is?

bank
B: Sure! The ____________
is on the northwest
corner of Mackeral and First, across the
street from the university.
3.
A: Help!! My car is missing! I think it was

stolen! I need to go to the da-da-da to report it.
police station located next
B: Calm down! The ____________
to the city jail, on Second Avenue.
4.
A: My friend asked me to return these to the

da-da-da, but I don't know where it is.
library
B: Oh! The _________________
is on Mackeral
Boulevard, across from the school. If you get
to the university, you've gone too far.
5.
A: Pardon me, but I'm looking for the nearest

da-da-da. Can you help me?
supermarket
B: Umm... I think that the nearest ____________
is on Third Avenue across the street from City
Hospital.
6.
A: Can you tell me where the da-da-da is?

beauty shop
B: Sure! The _______________
is located on the
northeast corner of First Avenue and
Mallory Street, next to the book store.
7.
A: I'd like to visit my friend at the da-da-da.

Where is it?
city jail
B: Uhhh... your friend? Um The ____________
is located on Mallory Street, across from the
restaurant. Good luck!
8.
A: Hi, I'm looking for the da-da-da. I'm going to

a picnic. Can you help me?
city park
B: How fun! The ______________________
is on
Second Avenue, just east of the library.
A: Excuse me, where is the da-da-da located?
9.
10.
video store
B: The ______________
is located between the
bakery and the gas station.
A: Excuse me, where is the da-da-da located?

gas station
B: The _______________
is located across from
the theater, next to the video store.
(English Zone)
226
INGLS
Text
40
W ITCH N EWS
A Job Centre in Somerset (England) recently advertised a vacancy
for a witch. Wookey Hole Caves, a tourist attraction near Wells
requires a resident witch because the previous one is retiring. And
the job description? Well, candidate witches must be able to cackle
and must also live in the caves during the tourist season. Wookey Hole
wants the appointee to go about her everyday business as a hag, so
that people passing through the caves can get a sense of what the
place was like in the Dark Ages. The salary?
50,000.
On the other hand, witches still suffer discrimination. For

instance, the Crystal Cauldron Coven in Stockport booked the
Our Ladys Social Club in Stockport for their Halloween
Witches Ball. However, the Diocese of Shrewsbury subsequently
decided that the party was not in keeping with the churchs ethos
and cancelled the reservation. Sandra Davis, spokesperson for the
Crystal Cauldron accused the Catholic Church of prejudice.
O ZONE
Holes in the sky
The ozone layer is crucial for life on
Earth. ____ destruction is the equivalent
of drastically reducing the planets
immunological capacity, because it
ptotects Earths inhabitants from the
harmful effects of the suns ultraviolet
rays. Without it, life becomes practically
impossible.
(Ecospy) In blue: the hole in the ozone
layer over Antarctica.
Which pronoun is missing in the first of the text?

a) Its
b) It
d) Their
e) His
c) Her
Por que a camada de oznio to crucial para a vida na Terra?

a) Porque ela nos permite andar sob o sol quente sem qualquer
proteo.
b) Porque ela est presente apenas durante a luz do Sol e
desaparece ao anoitecer.
c) Porque ela ataca nosso sistema imunolgico e pode levar-nos
morte precocemente.
d) Porque ela causa um buraco no Planeta Terra e de l que sai
o excesso de calor.
e) Porque ela protege os habitantes do nosso planeta dos efeitos
nocivos dos raios ultravioleta.
INGLS
227
VOCABULARY
I.
WITCH
A witch is a woman who is believed to have evil powers =
bruxa
_____________________________
require
Please call this number if you _____________________
any
further information.
Of course we want to help, but were not sure whats the

going about
best way of _____________________
it.
warlock
The male equivalent of a witch is a _____________________
II.
Match the columns.
retire
She plans to ________________
_____ at 50.
advertise
Im going to ______________
someone to clean my house.
1. job
a) caverna
2. cave
b) anterior
3. previous
c) atividade
4. able
d) sensao, percepo
5. season
e) emprego
6. business
f) estao, temporada
Como o novo apartamento deles?
7. so that
g) contudo
8. sense
h) capaz
9. ball
i) baile
10
j) de modo que
10. however
V.
TO BE LIKE
Translate the following sentences.
What is their new flat like?
I met Janes new boyfriend.

What is he like?
Eu conheci o novo namorado de Jane.
III. The DARK AGES were the period in European history from
the end of the Roman Empire in AD 476 to about AD 1000
Como ele ?
Idade das Trevas (baixa Idade Mdia)

= __________________________________________________
Write in English.
IV. Combine the following verbs with their meanings below.

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Como foi o feriado?
to advertise
( E)
to require
( C)
to retire
( A)
to go about
( D)
to book
( B)
What are your friends like?
to stop working for ever, usually because you are old

enough to receive a pension.
to arrange to have something at a particular time in the
future.
to need; to make necessary.
to do something.
to tell the public that you want someone by putting a
notice in a newspaper or shop window.
Now, complete the following sentences with the verbs studied

above.
booked
Steve had ____________________
a table at their favourite
restaurant.
228
INGLS
What was your holiday like?
Como so seus amigos?
VI. Translate the underlined expressions in the following

sentences.
There is a vacancy for a shop assistant on Saturdays.
vaga
vacancy = ____________________________
_

*
The new appointee will be working closely with both

departments.
pessoa indicada, nomeada
appointee = ___________________________
A hag is an ugly old woman.
mulher feia e velha, bruxa _

hag = ________________________________

*
The ethos of a particular community of people consists of

its typical attitudes, ideas and customs.
esprito, costumes, escala de valores
ethos = ________________________________________
He is a spokesman for the environmental group Greenpeace.
porta voz
spokesman = _________________________
___________
VII.
a)
CACKLE
CACKLE is the sound that a hen or a goose makes =
cacarejo
__________________________
b)
TO CACKLE is to laugh suggesting evil thoughts =
mdico
physician: ________
________________________
sada _____________________
exit: _______________
palestra, conferncia ___________

lecture: ________________________
extico
exquisite: _________
________________________
empurrar
to push:______________
_____________________
realmente, de fato
actually: ________________________
___________
TEXT COMPREHENSION
O que Wookey Hole Caves? O que est buscando? Por

que?
A Wookey Hole Caves uma atrao turstica perto de Wells (In-
gargalhar
__________________________
glaterra) e necessita de uma bruxa pois a anterior est se aposen-
Translate
Candidate witches must be able to cackle
tando.
As candidatas a bruxa devem ser capazes de gargalhar
VI. Dont forget that PREJUDICE is a false friend.

Translate the sentence.
Many women still encounter prejudice in the workplace.
Cite um caso de discriminao mencionado no texto.
A Crystal Cauldron Cove de Stockport reservou um clube social
Muitas mulheres ainda encontram (sofrem) preconceito no local
para seu baile de bruxas do Halloween. Contudo, a diocese de
de trabalho.
Shrewsbury decidiu que a festa no estava de acordo com os costumes (escala de valores, esprito) da igreja e cancelou a reserva.
Circle the false friends in the chart. Write them below and
translate them
physician physicist success exit

petrol oil lecture reading exotic
exquisite to pull to push actually
INGLS
229
Text
41
H AIRDRESSERS T OP J OB S ATISFACTION P OLL

Have you noticed that every time you go for a
perm or a trim that hairdresser is always very
chatty? The reason they are so happy is that most of
them love their jobs. This is according to a survey
conducted by the City & Guilds of London Institute,
which asked 1,200 workers about their job
satisfaction. Forty per cent of hairdressers are very
happy in their jobs, while civil servants, social
workers and architects are the unhappiest workers.
None of the top ten positions in the Happiness Index
included office jobs. The happiest workers were
those who used their hands. In second place were
religious ministers, followed by chefs, beauticians

and plumbers. The survey showed that people who
can run their own business and be self-employed
are happiest. Desk workers came very low on the
happiness scale. Teachers didnt seem to be too
happy either only 8% said they enjoyed their
work. There wasnt a figure for English teachers,
although their job satisfaction is probably very high.
English teachers also smile a lot and generally love
their jobs. City and Guilds advised workers to start
every day positively, chat to colleagues, and brighten
the workplace with personal photographs and flowers.
(breakingnewsenglish)
Jobs.
Write in English.
lawyer
advogado = _______________________________________
tailor
alfaiate = _________________________________________
physician
mdico = _________________________________________
plumber
encanador = ____________________________________
___
physicist
fsico = ___________________________________________
engineer
engenheiro = ___________________________________
___
fireman, firefighter
bombeiro = _______________________________________
nurse
enfermeiro = ______________________________________
chemist
farmacutico = ____________________________________
researcher
pesquisador = _____________________________________
230
INGLS
IV. Combine the following expressions with their meanings
VOCABULARY
below and translate them.
I.
TOP
Someone or something tops a list when they come first in it.
ocupar o primeiro lugar

to top = ______________________________
JOB
Job is the regular work which a person does to earn
money.
emprego
job = _________________
________________
a)
POLL
Poll is a study in which people give their opinions about a
subject.

pesquisa (de ________________

opinio pblica)
poll = _________________
Translate the title of the passage.
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
trim
( D)
corte de cabelo
= __________________________
chatty
( B)
falante, tagarela
= __________________________
survey
(F)
pesquisa
= __________________________
civil servant
( A)
funcionrio pblico
= __________________________
social worker ( G )
assistente social
= __________________________
beautician
(E)
esteticista
= __________________________
plumber
(C)
encanador
= __________________________
a person employed in the civil service; a government

worker.
talkative.
a person who installs and repairs pipes and plumbing (=
encanamento).
haircut.
a person who gives cosmetic treatment in a beauty salon.
study; research.
someone employed to provide social services.
Cabeleireiros ocupam o primeiro lugar na pesquisa de satisfao

no emprego.
II.
V. There are two false friends in the passage. Translate

them in the following sentences.
Match the columns.
I hadnt noticed how tall he was until now.
notar, perceber
to notice = _____________________________
c) permanente
She advised me not to say anything.
d) nmero
aconselhar
to advise = _____________________________
5. desk workers 5
e) escala
6. scale
f) razo
VI.
g) negcio
Translate the different meanings of to run in the following
1. perm
a) escritrio
2. reason
b) aqueles que trabalham em

escritrio
3. office
4. business
7. figure
6
7
TO RUN
sentences.
She ran two miles that day.
correr
to run = ____________________________
_
Hell run for mayor in the next election.
concorrer
to run = _____________________________
Does this old car still run well?
funcionar
to run = ________________________________
_
although
Shes very intelligent, _______________________
a bit lazy.
Pollen makes my nose run.
most of
In this school, ____________________
the children are from
the Japanese community.
escorrer
to run = ________________________________
The play ran for two years.
estar (ficar) em cartaz________

to run = _________________________
III. Complete the following sentences with words from the

chart.
most of according to while
none of although
None of
_____________________
my three children has blonde hair.

While
___________________
I was in Paris I went to see Marie.

According to
_____________________
Janice they are not getting on very
well at the moment.
INGLS
231
His father runs a prosperous company.
dirigir
to run = _________________________
________
A maioria dos funcionrios pblicos no gostam do seu

trabalho.
Most (of the) civil servants dont like their job.
VII. If you are SELF-EMPLOYED you work for your self =

por conta prpria
________________________________________
_
Translate these expressions with SELF
XI. Write the Simple Past and Past Participle of.

1. to go
egocntrico
self-centered: ________
____________________
autoconfiana ____________
self-confidence: _______________
autocrtica
self-criticism: ___________
___________________
amor
prprio
self-esteem: _________
____
_________________
egosta
selfish: ______________
_____________________
suicdio
self-murder: ____________________
___________
autorretrato
self-portrait: _____________
__________________
autodidata
self-taught: _____________________
___________
2. to show
went
gone
showed
shown
ran
run
came
come
said
said
3. to run
4. to come
5. to say
TEXT COMPREHENSION
VIII.Complete the following sentences with a word meaning

tambm.
TRUE (T) or FALSE (F)?
a)
Hairdressers are always very chatty.
T / F
b)
All hairdressers are very happy in their

jobs.
T / F
c)
Architects are the unhappiest workers.
T / F
d)
Three out of the ten happiest jobs

involved some kind of deskwork.
T / F
ALSO
I am ______________
___
__ hungry.
TOO
I am hungry _________________
_.
e)
T / F
The happiest workers were those who

used their heads.
EITHER
I am not hungry ______________.
f)
Teachers are very happy.
T / F
g)
English teachers smile a lot and

generally love their jobs.
T / F
IX. Complete the following sentences with the verbs from the
chart.
to seem to enjoy to chat to brighten

chatting ___
She spends hours on the phone _____________
__ to
her friends.

a)
Responda em Portugus.
De acordo com o texto, quais so os trabalhadores mais
felizes? E os mais infelizes?
cabeleireiros, ministros religiosos, chefs, esteticistas e enca-
nadores (mais felizes).

brighten
New curtains and pictures on the wall will ______________
the room.
seems
He _______________
to be in love with her.
infelizes).
enjoy
I really didnt ________________
that movie.
b)
X. Write in English.
De acordo com a pesquisa, as pessoas mais felizes administram seus prprios negcios.
According to the poll, the happiest people run their own

businesses.
232
INGLS
funcionrios pblicos, assistentes sociais e arquitetos (mais
Que conselho o City and Guilds d aos trabalhadores para

que comecem o dia positivamente?
Converse com colegas e anime o local de trabalho com fotos,

pessoas e flores.
42
Text
Forget about expensive gyms, the new sport in cities is free-running. Since it started in a Paris suburb
in the 1990s, free running has attracted lots of fans in cities around the world. Instead of walking normally,
free-runners jump over or around anything cars, buildings, trees, or streetlights in their way.
One of the sports inventors told our reporter how freerunning started, It was boring where we lived,
there was nothing for us to do after school. We had done playground games like football and basketball
when we were kids but we wanted something new and exciting. We started learning how to jump and run
between buildings and we loved it. Walking is a waste of time. Free-runners have to use their
imaginations. Everything a tree, a streetlight is part of our outdoor gym. Were like children because
weve never stopped playing in the street.
The sports website has lots of rules, for example, dont break peoples windows, dont jump on
flowerbeds and dont be rude to people who want you to stop. Safety is also very important. You must start
with the easy moves you have to do
Dont try this at home
thousands of small practice jumps before you try
the basics of free-running
anything difficult. If you make only one mistake,
Blind jump a jump where you cant see the landing spot.
you might hurt yourself badly.
A local person said, Its good that young
people have something to do. But when they
jump off buildings like cats they sometimes
frighten other people.
(Headway)
Tic-tac run and put your foot on a small step, go forward

and jump over the next thing.
Basic jump run and jump, land on two feet while bending
your knees. To finish roll into head-over-heels.
Cat jump run towards a wall, put both hands on the top of
the wall and jump through your arms.
Vrios segmentos da sociedade trabalham a favor do amparo a

crianas abandonadas. A International Advertising Association, no
texto acima, tenta persuadir as pessoas a:
a) ajudar financeiramente.
b) divulgar a campanha.
c) participar afetivamente.
d) contribuir com doaes.
e) adotar rfos.
Which of the following words is a false friend?:

a) important.
b) expert.
c) caring.
d) maybe.
(EnceejaAdaptado)
e) difference.
INGLS
233
IV.
VOCABULARY
I.
Translate the title of the passage.
Pulando de um lado para outro das cidades.
* Pay attention to the following expression.

TO COME ACROSS = to find (something or someone) by
chance.
Translate the sentences below.
If you come across my glasses, could you bring them to

me, please?
Se por acaso voc encontrar meus culos, poderia traz-los, por
INSTEAD OF
Translate the following sentences.
You can have tea instead of coffee, if you want.
Voc pode tomar ch em vez de caf, se quiser.
Most of us would like to spend the day out in the sun

instead of imprisoned in this room.
A maioria de ns gostaria de passar o dia fora no sol em vez de

(ficar) aprisionado nesta sala.
favor?
V. Match the columns.
1. since
a) jogos
2. streetlights
b) cego
3. games
c) degrau
4. outdoor
d) saltos
5. flowerbeds
e) desde (que)
6. jumps
f) ao ar livre
a gymnasium
7. blind
g) postes de luz
gymnastics
8. step
h) floreiras, canteiros
I came across an old friend of mine when I was crossing

the street.
Encontrei um velho amigo, por acaso, quando estava atravessando

a rua.
II.
GYM
Write in English.
Os alunos fazem ginstica no ginsio da escola.
The students do gymnastics at the school gymnasium.
VI. Complete the chart.

Infinitive
Simple Past Past Participle
1. to forget
III.
In the 1990s
dcada de 90
refere-se ___________________________
2. to learn
Write in English.
Os Beatles fizeram seus primeiros discos na dcada de 60.
forgot
learned
learnt
____________
forgotten
____________
Translation
esquecer
____________
learned
learnt
____________
aprender
____________
broke
3. to break ____________
broken
____________
quebrar
made
4. to make ____________
made
fazer
____________
The Beatles made their first records in the 1960s (in the sixties).
Ele muito ativo considerando que ele est na faixa dos

70 anos.
He is very active considering he is in his seventies.
234
INGLS
5. to hurt
hurt
____________
hurt
____________
ferir
6. to run
ran
run
____________
correr
She rolled the ball across the grass to her brother.
ns nunca paramos de brincar na rua.
rolar
to roll = _________________________
________
Write in English.
X. HEAD OVER HEELS
Translate the two different meanings of HEAD OVER HEELS.
VII. Translate the following excerpt from the text.

* weve never stopped playing in the street.
Ele parou de fumar h dez anos.
He stopped smoking ten years ago.
Pare de se comportar como um idiota.
Stop behaving like an idiot.
VIII.Combine the following expressions with their meanings or

synonyms below.

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
boring
de pernas para o ar
head over heels = ____________________________
Hes head over heels in love.
completamente
head over heels = ____________________________
TEXT COMPREHENSION
waste of time ( B )
rules
( E)
moves
( A)
spot
(D )
movements.
the devotion of time to a useless activity.
monotonous, tedious, uninteresting.
place.
instructions, directions.
boring
I thought the museum was a bit _________________,
but I
was wrong.
You go head over heels when your body rolls over head
first, or you perform a somersault (= cambalhota).
( C)
Now, complete the sentences.
I.

a)
b)
c)
Choose the best answer.

Free-running started
in cities all over the world.
less than twenty years ago.
because it has lots of fans.

a)
b)
c)
The first free-runners

were taught the sport at school.
never liked doing other sports.
taught themselves the sport.
spot
This is the exact ________________
on which he died.
move
He was watching every ________________
she made.
That meeting achieved absolutely nothing it was a
a)
b)
c)
Free-runners use the streets

as their gym.
because they cant pay for a gym.
because they are children.
waste of time
complete ____________________.
rules
The _________________
of the game forbid any use of the
hands.
IX. Translate the underlined verbs in the following sentences.

a)
b)
c)
An experience like that would be enough to frighten anyone.
apavorar, amedrontar
to frighten = _____________________________
I slipped again but this time managed to land on my feet.
a)
b)
c)
pousar, aterrisar, cair

to land = ________________________________
_

*
Free-running has
only three rules.
more than three rules.
too many rules.
A cat jump is
the most difficult jump.
an example of a jump.
an unusual jump.
Heels are part of

your head
a wall
your feet
Bend your knees and keep your back straight when youre
picking up heavy objects.
a)
b)
c)
curvar
to bend = _______________________________
INGLS
235
II.
Answer in Portuguese.
Cite trs regras encontradas no website mencionado no

texto.
Voc poder se machucar seriamente.
no quebre as janelas das pessoas
no salte sobre floreiras
no seja rude com as pessoas que pedirem para voc parar
O que poder acontecer se voc fizer um nico erro?
Descreva o cat jump
Corra em direo a um muro coloque as mos na parte de cima

do muro e salte por entre os braos.
ANOTAES
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
236
INGLS
43
Text
THE READING OF THE WILL
One full week after the funeral, the immediate family of

millionaire Charles Hudson was gathered in a law office to hear the
reading of the deceaseds will. Mr Hudsons wife, thirty years his
junior, was prepared for a bitter fight with his former wife and her
son. The lawyer, Don Rollins, anticipated a turbulent session because
he was the only one who knew the contents of the revised will that
Hudson had ordered drawn up six months prior to his death.
The current Mrs. Hudson, dressed in her smart widows weeds,
expected that she would receive the lions share of the estate. The
former Mrs. Hudson felt that she was entitled to most of the estate
since she was practically indigent at the present time, despite her substantial alimony payments.
Lawyer Rollins cleared his throat and began to read:
To my present spouse I leave my town house where she can continue to store the jewels, shoes, dress, and furs
she accumulated in two years of shopping and marriage.
To my son, who has put off finding a career until my estate would enrich him, I leave the sum of ten dollars for
cab fare to the unemployment office.
To my former wife whose bad behavior I tolerated for three decades, I leave my beach house where she can
continue to work on her tan, something that she prized above our happiness.
To the Society For the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals I leave the remainder of my entire estate, knowing they
will put it to better use than anyone in this room.
The lawyer was wrong. No outcries. Silence, supreme silence, reigned among the shocked audience.
(1,100 words you need to know)
Asthma is a difficulty in breathing. Allergic, or bronchial, asthma is
caused by an abnormal sensitivity to certain substances or irritations. It
may result from an allergy to substances that are inhaled (such as pollen
and dust) eaten (such as milk, wheat, and chocolate), or injected (such
as drugs and insect stings), or which come in contact with the skin.
The individual may also be sensitive to organisms that infect the
respiratory system. Asthma may appear at any age. Often several
members of the same family are affected.
d) it may be healed at any age.

e) it always affects people of the same family
Asthma may be caused by organisms that infect:

a) milk and chocolate.
b) the respiratory system.
c) the skin.
d) people of the same family.
e) pollen and dust.
Asthma may not be caused by substances which are:

a) in contact with the skin.
b) eaten.
c) abnormal.
d) inhaled.
e) injected.
c) it causes a difficulty in breathing.
Sensitivity to certain substances causing asthma is said to be:

a) bronchial.
b) allergic.
The chief characteristic of asthma is that:
d) abnormal.
e) injected.
c) difficult.
a) it is always bronchial.
b) it is caused by wheat.
INGLS
237
VI. Complete the chart.
VOCABULARY
I.
Infinitive
WILL
Translate the different meanings of will.
The train leaves at 8.30, so we will be in Scotland by

lunchtime.
* estaremos (will auxiliar de futuro)
Translation
1. to hear
heard
_________
heard
_________
ouvir
2. to know
knew
_________
known
_________
saber,
conhecer
3. to draw up
drew up
_________
drawn up
_________
fazer,
preparar
4. to feel
felt
_________
felt
_________
sentir
____________
5. to begin
began
_________
begin
____________
comear
6. to leave
left
_________
left
____________
deixar
7. to find
found
_________
found
_________
achar,
encontrar
8. to put
put
_________
put
_________
pr
_________
Is there anyone who is willing to help me?
* esteja querendo (to will = querer, desejar)
Simple Past Past Participle
After six months in hospital she began to lose her will to

live.
* desejo
IV. Translate the following sentences.

Against their will, they were forced to leave the room.
* contra sua vontade
Mr. Hudsons wife, thirty years his junior,
A esposa do Sr. Hudson, trinta anos mais jovem,
Did she sell the house of her own free will?
* de livre e espontnea vontade
Meu irmo trs anos mais jovem (do que eu).

Before dying, he called a lawyer to write his will.
My brother is my junior by three years.
Shes my senior by five years.
Ela cinco anos mais velha (do que eu).
* testamento
Pauls, father, twenty years his senior,
O pai de Paul, vinte anos mais velho,
Now, translate the title of the text.

A leitura do testamento
V. Translate the underlined adjectives.

doce
Sugar is sweet = _______________________
V. Match the columns.

1. law office
a) antes de
2. former
b) esperto
3. prior to
c) peles
4. current
d) ex
5. smart
e) apesar de
6. despite
f) atual
7. furs
g) escritrio de advocacia
8. cab fare
h) tarifa de taxi
238
INGLS
azedo
Lemon is sour = ________________________
Marmalade is usually made with bitter, not sweet oranges =

amargas
_______________________
salgado
The sauce is too salty = ______________________
VI. A widow is a woman whose husband has died and who

viva
has not married again = _______________________.
widower
How would you say vivo in English?____________________
VII. Dont confound:

STATE
We live in the state of So Paulo.
She was in a terrible state before the interview.
*
estado
state = _______________________________
ESTATE
She left her entire estate to her niece.
*
posses, bens, patrimnio

estate = ______________________________
IX. Combine the words in column A with their synonyms in

column B.
1. to gather
a) to prepare
2. deceased
b) very poor
3. former
c) to come together
4. to draw up
d) to value
5. indigent
e) late
6. despite
f) protest
7. to prize
g) in spite of
8. outcry
h) ex
VIII.Translate the underlined words and/or expressions.
A crowd had gathered in front of the white house to hear

the President speak.
X.
PUT OFF
Translate.
*
reunir-se
to gather = ___________________________
_
A deceased person is someone who has just died.
falecido
deceased = ___________________________
Chocolate has a high fat content.
contedo
content = _____________________________
Weeds: a dress worn by a widow as a sign of mourning.
, que adiou encontrar uma carreira at que meu patrimnio o
traje de luto
weeds = ______________________________
enriquecesse
Weve been putting off the decision about whether to

have a baby or not.
Estamos adiando a deciso de ter um filho ou no.
In the text:
, who has put off finding a career until my estate would
enrich him,
Jim was supposed to divide the cake into two equal pieces,
but he took the lions share.
TEXT COMPREHENSION
*
a maior parte
the lions share = ______________________________
Members of the staff are entitled to 30 days holiday a year.
ter o direito de
to be entitled to = ______________________

*
Alimony is a regular amount of money that a person, usually

the man, has to pay to their partner after a divorce.
penso alimentcia
alimony = _____________________________
I stored my furniture in my mothers house while I was living

in London.
armazenar
to store = _____________________________
We came back from our holiday in Rio with a nice tan.
bronzeado
tan = _________________________________
Quais as expectativas da Sra. Hudson em relao ao

testamento do marido? O que de fato ela recebeu?
A Sra. Hudson esperava receber a maior parte do patrimnio do
falecido marido e recebeu apenas uma casa na cidade.
O que recebeu o filho do Sr. Hudson de acordo com o

testamento? Por que o pai fez esse tipo de doao?
O filho do Sr. Hudson recebeu a soma de 10 dlares que deveriam

ser usados para pagar a tarifa do taxi que o levaria at a agncia
de emprego, j que ele vinha adiando a ideia de encontrar uma
carreira at que o patrimnio do pai o enriquecesse.
The governments proposal to release two of the terrorists

from prison has provoked a public outcry.
A quem foi doada a maior parte do patrimnio de Sr. Hudson?
Sociedade de Preveno de Crueldade contra os Animais.
protesto, gritaria
outcry = _______________________________
INGLS
239
Text
44
CRIME
AND
Police are appealing for witnesses to a robbery

which took place Monday afternoon in Fenbury.
Two masked men broke into Statham Jewelers.
One robber brandished a shotgun, while an
accomplice smashed display cases, stealing
rings and necklaces.
PUNISHMENT
A fire at Fenbury Warehouse is being treated as
arson, according to a police spokesperson.
The fire broke out at around 5 am and quickly
engulfed the whole building. By the time the fire
brigade arrived at the scene, almost the entire
warehouse had been destroyed.
The warehouse contained electronic parts, and the demage
has been estimated in the region
of three million pounds.
Police believe that the robbers

escaped in a getaway car
driven by a third gang member.
A local man has been given a

three-month jail sentence for
repeatedly shoplifting in the
Newbury area.
A local woman was involved in

a hit-and-run incident early
Sunday afternoon.
Monica Parsons, 27, was crossing Finchley
Road near her house, when she was hit by a car
being driven at speed.
Hospital sources say that the victim has no
recollection of the incident. Police have
appealed for information from anyone who saw
a white car being driven at speed in the area.
Gary Dibbot, 28, who paid a fine six months

ago for a previous conviction, admitted stealing
DVDs from RentaVideo in Fenbury.
Dibbot's lawyer said that his client regretted his
actions and that he would turn over a new leaf
after serving his sentence.
(www.handsoutonline.com)
Criminals
Write in English.

thief
ladro = _____________________________________
__
arsonist
incendirio = ____________________________________
murderer ______________
assassino = ________________________
kidnapper
sequestrador = __________________________________
hijacker
sequestrador (avies) = __________________________
rapist
estuprador = _________________________
____________
pickpocket
batedor de carteira = ___________________________
shoplifter
ladro de loja = ________________________________
burglar
arrombador = __________________________________
240
INGLS
IV. Write the Simple Past and Past Participle of the following
verbs.
VOCABULARY
I.
Translate the title of the article.
Infinitive
Crime e Punio
II.
Match the columns.
1. masked
a) fonte
2. jeweler
b) multa
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
3. shotgun
4. accomplice
5. damage
6. speed
7. source
8. jail
9. fine
10. lawyer
h
j
f
a
g
b
d
joalheiro
advogado
mascarados
velocidade
priso
cmplice
espingarda
prejuzo
III. Translate the underlined expressions in the following

sentences.
A witness is someone who sees an event and reports
what happened.
*

*

*

*
testemunha
witness = _______________________________
A display case is a box with a glass lid that contains

objects for people to look at, for example in a shop.
mostrurio
display case = ___________________________
A getaway car is the vehicle that criminals use when they

are driving away from the scene of a crime.
carro de fuga
getaway car = ___________________________
A spokesperson is a person who speaks on behalf of (= no

lugar de) another or others.
portavoz
spokesperson = _____________________
_____
A warehouse is a place were goods or merchandise are

stored.
Simple Past
Past Participle
1. to steal
stole
_________
stolen
_________
2. to hit
hit
_________
hit
_________
3. to drive
drove
_________
driven
_________
4. to see
saw
_________
seen
_________
5. to give
gave
_________
given
____________
6. to pay
paid
_________
paid
____________
V. In the context of the article, choose the best explanation

for the following phrases.

a)
b)
c)
When the police appeal for witness

they want to speak to witnesses.
they are interviewing witnesses.
they are pleased with the witnesses.

a)
b)
c)
If you brandish a shotgun

you fire the gun repeatedly.
you point it at someone.
you keep a shotgun hidden under your clothes.

a)
b)
c)
If you smash something

you steal it.
you hide it in your pockets.
you break it violently into pieces.

a)
b)
c)
The fire breaks out when

it starts.
it is interrupted.
it never ends.
V.
a)
b)
c)
A previous conviction is
something you used to believe.
a past crime you were guilty of.
something you did that you regret.
armazm, depsito
warehouse = ________________________
_____
A hit-and-run accident is an accident in which the driver

leaves the scene without stopping to give assistance,
inform the police, etc.
relativo
a motorista que atropela
algum e foge
hit-and-run = ____
____________________
_________________
Recollection is the ability to remember something.
lembrana
recollection = ________________________
___
VI. CRIMES
Match the columns.
1. robbery
a) o ato de bater carteiras
2. arson
b) roubo
3. shoplifting
c) incndio criminoso
4. theft
d) furto em lojas
5. burglary
e) assalto
6. pickpocketing
f) arrombamento
INGLS
241
VII. Complete the following sentences with verbs from the
chart.

to take place = to occur.

to break into = to enter a building by force, usually to
steal something.
to engulf = to surround and cover something
completely, so that it can no longer be seen.
to regret = to wish that something had not happened
or that you had not done it.
. to serve = to spend a period of time in prison.

II.
a)
engulfed
The flames rapidly ___________________
the house.
b)
served
He ___________________
four years in prision for robbery.
c)
take place
When will your wedding __________________________?
rd
On September 23 .
d)
regret
Is there anything in your past life that you ______________?
e)
broken into
Someone had ________________________
her house while
she was at work.
Police think the warehouse fire was

an accident.
(F)
The fire spread through the building

quickly.
(T)
The car that hit Monica Parsons

was going very fast.
(T)
She can remember the incident clearly.
(F)
A man has gone to prison for three

months for stealing.
(T)
He says he wil steal again in the future.
(F)
A Criminal Crossword
The answers to the clues can alll be found in the news
stories.
VIII.Write in English.
Dois homens mascarados arrombaram a joalheria e

roubaram centenas de jias.
Two masked men broke into the jewelry and stole hundreds of
jewels.
Ele pagou uma multa h dois meses por uma condenao

prvia.
He paid a fine two months ago for a previous conviction.
TEXT COMPREHENSION
I.

Write T (True) or F (False).

The two robbers threatened staff
and customers with knives.
(F)
The robbers got away on foot.
(F)
242
INGLS
Across
1. to hold a weapon in a threatening way
4. a partner criminal
7. to take something without permission
9. someone who experiences a crime
12. money paid as a punishment
13. to say that you did a crime
14. the act of stealing something using violence
15. Tom was given a six month ############.
16. stealing from a store
Down
2. Police are ############ for information.
3. the place a crime or accident happens
5. illegally burning a building
6. a car used to escape from a crime scene
8. someone who gives legal advice
10. someone who sees a crime happening
11. ### and run
EXERCCIOS-TAREFA
clue 3/pin wit 5/creed 10/apotheosis

INGLS
243
RESOLUO DOS EXERCCIOS-TAREFA
244
INGLS

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C3 1A INGLES 2013 Lu 26/02/13 10:46 Pgina 205

Grammar and Texts Mdulos

34 Text: That Explains It!

40 Text: Witch News

41 Text: Hairdressers top job

36 Texts: Yoga for Children

42 Text: Jumping across cities

37 Text: Ha, Ha, Ha

43 Text: The Reading of the will

44 Text: Crime and Punishment

O Genitive Case (Possessive Case) usado

The husband of the waitress The waitresss

b) substantivos plurais, no terminados em -s.

Recebem s na relao genitiva:

The uniforms of the girls The girls uniforms

The mother of Helen Helens mother

The words of Jesus Jesus words

C3 1A INGLES 2013 Lu 26/02/13 10:46 Pgina 206

e) usamos o Genitive Case em expresses de

um s elemento possudo, s o ltimo possuidor recebe

a weeks holiday (um feriado de uma semana)

The father of Henry and Paul Henry and Pauls

b) quando houver dois ou mais possuidores para

f) podemos usar o Genitive Case se o possuidor

The fathers of Henry and Paul Henrys and Pauls

g) o Genitive Case usado em certas expresses

ma sequncia, a um s elemento possudo, este pode

He put his arm through his girlfriends. (arm)

d) substantivos compostos recebem s no ltimo

Usa-se o duplo possessivo quando quisermos

Archimedes principles for tomorrow. (Archimedes)

Jane and Bobs

Cindys and Junes husbands are brothers. (Cindy and June)

Use possessive case by adding apostrophes as necessary.

s storm caused a lot of damage.

s flat is much bigger than John ____.

s house and that is the Carters ___

I have four uncles. All of my uncles _____

C3 1A INGLES 2013 Lu 26/02/13 10:46 Pgina 207

s mother works in the post

s favorite part of the circus was the clown.

They sell shoes at that store. It is a shoe _______ store.

A good Christian must follow Jesus____ words.

I found __________________________ when I was crossing

When I need to buy beef and pork I go to the ___________.

 ___________________ and _________________ grades are

II. Choose the correct alternative.

I like _________________________. I like salads that contain

When I need to buy flour and rice I go to the ____________.

_________________________________ of the magazine has

Shes invited ____________________________.

Do you like my __________________________ new haircut?

____________________ to Europe have increased recently.

 I went to sleep at 3 oclock this morning and woke up at 6

Dont use that plate; its ___________________.

C3 1A INGLES 2013 Lu 26/02/13 10:46 Pgina 208

THAT EXPLAINS IT!

Although beef is the most popular meat used in

Translate into Portuguese.

C3 1A INGLES 2013 Lu 26/02/13 10:46 Pgina 209

Match the columns.

A horses saddle is a seat, usually made of leather, used on

How could you translate.

___ and _ grades are

I went to sleep at 3 oclock this morning and woke up at 6