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1. P.GOVINDAN
2. P.SARAVANAN
APPROVED BY:
Dr.R.Rajappan.
(HOD/MECH)
Dr.S.Senthil
(Principal, MEC)
(ii) The rise period, dwell period and the return period can be increased or decreased depending upon the shape of the cam
which cannot be performed by other reciprocating mechanisms.
In clutches, the value of n normal pressure, axial load for the given clutch is limited by the rate of wear that
can be tolerated in the brake linings. Moreover, the assumption of uniform wear rate gives a lower calculated
clutch capacity than the assumption of uniform pressure. Hence clutches are usually designed on the basis of
uniform wear.
12.Why is it necessary to dissipate the heat generated during clutch operation?
When clutch engages, most of the work done will be liberated as heat at the interface. Consequently the
temperature of the rubbing surfaces will increase. This increased temperature may destroy the clutch. So heat
dissipation is necessary in clutches.
13.Name different types of clutch. Why positive clutch is used?
Following are the two main types of clutches commonly used in engineering practice
1. Positive clutches,
2. Friction clutches.
14.What is fading of brakes? [AUC-D2004]
When the brake is applied continuously over a period of time, the brake becomes overheated and the
coefficient of friction drops. This result in sudden fall of efficiency of the brake. This is known as fading of
brake.
15.How does the function of a brake differ from that of a clutch? [Nov/Dec2010]
The break connects a rotating member with a non rotating member but, a clutch connects two rotating
members.
16. What is meant by a self energizing brake? [AUC-D2005]
When the moment of applied force and the moment of frictional force are in the same direction, the frictional
force helps in applying the brake. This type of brake is known as self energizing brake.
17. What is self locking in brake?
When the frictional force alone is sufficient to apply the brake without any external force, then the brake is said
to be self locking.
18.Why in automobiles braking action when travelling in reverse is not as effective as when moving
forward? [AUC-May2008]
When an automobile moves forward the braking force acts in the opposite direction to the direction of motion
of the vehicle. Whereas in reverse travelling the braking force acting the same direction to the direction of
motion of the vehicle. So it requires more braking force to apply brake.
19.
Give the reason for left and right shoes of internal expansion brakes having different
actuating forces. [AUC-May 2007]
Depending upon the direction of the drum rotation, one shoe would be a leading shoe and another shoe is a
trailing shoe. The leading shoe is self energizing whereas the trailing shoe is not. In the leading shoe, the
friction force helps the applied force and hence more actuating force thab the trailing force.
20. List the characteristics of material used for brake lining. [AUC: Dec 2010]
The material used for the brake lining should have the following characteristics:
1. It should have high coefficient of friction with minimum fading. In other words, the coefficient of friction
should remain constant over the entire surface with change in temperature.
2. It should have low wear rate.
3. It should have high heat resistance.
4. It should have high heat dissipation capacity.
5. It should have low coefficient of thermal expansion.
16 MARKS
1. A multi disc clutch consists of five steel plates and four bronze plates. The inner and outer
diameters of friction disk are 75 mm and 150mm respectively. The coefficient of friction of 0.1
and the intensity of pressure is limited to 0.3 N/mm 2. Assuming the uniform wear theory,
calculate the required operational force and power transmitting capacity at 750rpm.
2. A cylindrical cam with a central roller follower has a rise of 25 mm in angle of 70 0. Base circle
radius is 80 mm and follower roller radius is 20 mm. Speed of rotation of cam is 5000 rpm.
Mass of the follower is 0.5 kg. Find the maximum value of acceleration of the follower,
corresponding pressure angle, stiffness of spring used with the follower and maximum cam
force. The friction between the follower and maximum cam force. The friction between the
follower guides may be ignored.
3. A Plate clutch with maximum dia 60mm has max liming pressure of 0.35 MPa. The power to
transmit at 400 rpm is 135 kW and =0.3. Find inside dia and spring force required to engage
the clutch. Spring with spring index6 and materials spring steel with safe shear stress 600MPa
are used .find the wire dia if 6 spring are used.