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ABSTRACT

Bridge is a structure built to span across a valley, road, body of water, or other physical
resistance, for the purpose of providing passage over an obstacle. Bridges are those marvel in
civil engineering tool kit which help in connecting the places located on other side of bank.
Varieties of bridges have evolved from history. Of them one is suspension bridge. It is
constructed to span across water body or valley. Nowadays these are the pioneers in bridge
technology. Of all the bridge types in use today, the suspension bridge allows for the longest span
ranging from 2,000 to 7,000 feet. Also they have quite attractive view which has added to the
gloom of suspension bridges.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We cannot achieve anything worthwhile in the field of technical education until or unless the
theoretical education acquired in the classroom is effectively wedded to its practical approach
that is taking place in the modern industries and research institute. Although an engineer can only
be successful through hard work, but the contribution of his teachers and all those who have been
helpful cannot be overlooked.
We take this opportunity to express our gratitude to our project guide, and esteemed personality
Er. AJAY KUMAR, Head of CIVIL DEPARTMENT under whose expert guidance we
completed our project successfully. We are grateful for his encouragement, valuable suggestions
and guidance. He provided us with valuable tips and solutions to our repeatedly occurring
problems. Our sincere, effective and deep gratitude is due to him for his excellent spirit, effective
guidance, which gave us the confidence to complete the work of training and project work.
Practical knowledge provided by industry, institute and company is helpful in knowing us the
working trends, in gathering knowledge in knowing us how to work together in a group and how
to work in coordination with all others.
Padma Saldon
1813111

LIST OF FIGURES
Fig.1(a)

Clifton suspension bridge

Fig 1(b)

Clifton eye-bar chain

Fig 1(c)

Brooklyn bridge

Fig 1(d)

George Washington bridge

Fig 1(e)

Akashi Kaikyo Bridge ,Japan

Fig 1(f)

Remains of KK bridge, Indonesia

Fig 1(g)

Famous golden gate bridge in San Francisco

Fig 2(a)

Suspension bridge component

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Fig 2(b)

Types of suspension bridge

12

Fig 2(c)

Types of stiffening girders

12

Fig 2(d)

Types of suspenders

12

Fig 2(e)

Types of cable anchoring

12

Fig 3(a)

Types of stiffening girders

14

Fig 3(b)

Types of anchorages

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Fig 3(c)

Deformations and forces of a suspension bridge

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Fig 3(d)

Deflection-load ratios relations among theories

17

Fig 3(e)

Analytical model of main tower

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Fig 4(a)

Caissons

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Fig 4(b)

Anchorages

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Fig 4(c)

Main cables and deck structures

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Fig 5(a)

Block erection method on KK bridge

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Fig 5(b)

Cantilevering method in KK bridge

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Fig 5(c)

Placement of measuring instrument

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Fig 5(d)

Dehumidified air injection system

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CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Origin

1.2 History

1.3 Types of bridges

CHAPTER 2 TYPES OF SUSPENSION BRIDGE

10

2.1 Types of suspension bridge

10

2.1.1 Number of spans

10

2.1.2 Continuity of stiffening girder

11

2.1.3 Types of suspender

11

2.1.4 Types of cable anchorage

11

2.2 Main Tower

11

2.3 Cables

11

CHAPTER 3 DESIGN OF SUSPENSION BRIDGE

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3.1 Analytical method

15

3.2 Modern Design method

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CHAPTER 4 CONSTRUCTION

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4.1 Raw material

20

4.2 The manufacturing process

20

4.2.1 Tower construction

21

4.2.2 Anchorage construction

22

4.2.3 Cable construction

22

4.2.4 Deck construction

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4.3 Precautions

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CHAPTER 5 FIELD MEASUREMENT AND COATINGS

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5.1 Loading test

27

5.2 Field observation

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5.3 Coating specification

29
4

5.4 Main cable corrosion protection

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CHAPTER 6 ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS

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6.1 Advantages

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6.2 Limitations

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CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSION

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REFRENCES

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