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Introduction
14.5 Release
ANSYS LS-DYNA
in Mechanical APDL
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
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Welcome !
Welcome to the Explicit Dynamics with ANSYS LS-DYNA training course!
This training course covers the ANSYS LS-DYNA Interface, which seamlessly
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Course format:
The Training Manual and Workshop Supplement that you have are exact
copies of the overhead slides.
The workshop exercises are used to reinforce the topics learned in each
lecture.
The input files for these exercises are included in the appendix of the
Workshop Supplement and are available electronically, upon request.
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Objectives
This lecture covers the background, uses, theory, and general overview of
explicit dynamics and the ANSYS LS-DYNA program.
Topics:
A. What is ANSYS LS-DYNA ?
B. Applications of ANSYS LS-DYNA
C. Comparison of Implicit and Explicit Methods
D. Critical Time Step
E. File Organization
F. Introduction Workshop
G. Course Outline
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LS-DYNA solver
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Crashworthiness analysis
Car
Truck
Bus
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Train
Ship
Aircraft
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Deep drawing
Hydro forming
Superplastic forming
Rolling
Extrusion
Stamping
Machining
Drilling
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Drop test
Pendulum impact test
Jet engine fan containment
A wide range of contact types are
possible
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F(t)
Nonlinear buckling
Snap-through buckling
Sonic wave propagation
Failure analysis
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STATIC
DYNAMIC
PUNCH
BLANK
DIE
Structural problems
Metal forming
SF= 0
SF 0
Impact problems
SF= ma
IMPLICIT METHOD
EXPLICIT METHOD
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
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ut Dt K 1Ft a Dt
Linear Problems:
Unconditionally stable when [K] is linear
Large time steps can be taken
Nonlinear Problems:
Solution obtained using a series of linear approximations (NewtonRaphson)
Requires inversion of nonlinear stiffness matrix [K]
Small iterative time steps are required to achieve convergence
Convergence is not guaranteed for highly nonlinear problems
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where
vector,
given by:
F int S BT n d F hg F contact
Fhg is the hourglass resistance force (see ELEMENTS Lecture) and Fcont is the
contact force.
vt Dt / 2 vt Dt / 2 at Dt t
ut Dt ut vt Dt / 2 Dt t Dt / 2
where
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xt Dt xo ut Dt
Nonlinear problems:
Lumped mass matrix required for simple inversion
Equations become uncoupled and can be solved for directly (explicitly)
No inversion of stiffness matrix is required. All nonlinearities (including contact) are
included in the internal force vector.
Major computational expense is in calculating the internal forces.
No convergence checks are needed
Very small time steps are required to maintain stability limit
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Dt Dt
crit
max
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with
E
c=
l
t=
c
Courant-Friedrichs-Levy-criterion
t is the time needed for the wave to propagate through the rod of
length l
Note: The critical time step size is automatically calculated by LS-DYNA.
It depends on element lengths and material properties (sonic speed). It
rarely needs to be over-ridden by the user (discussed later).
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c=
Shell Elements:
l=
A
2A
, for triangular shells: l=
max(L1,L2,L3,L4 )
max(L1,L2,L3)
E
c=
(1- 2 )
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L4
L3
A
L2
L1
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E. File Organization
Restart file (d3dump)
written at frequency
specified by EDDUMP.
ANSYS /PREP7
Preprocessing (database)
Creates Jobname.DB
-mesh, materials, loads, etc.
ANSYS /POST1
General postprocessing
Reads Jobname.RST
- general binary result data
EDRST,Freq
ANSYS /SOLU
LS-DYNA solver task
Writes and submits Jobname.K
- standard LS-DYNA ASCII input file
ANSYS /POST26
Time history postprocessing
Reads Jobname.HIS
- selective binary results data
EDHIST,Comp and EDHTIME,Freq
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EDSTART continues
analysis from specified
d3dump (restart) file.
LS-PREPOST (phase 1)
Postprocess binary files
- d3plot
Similar to Jobname.RST
EDRST,Freq
LS-PREPOST (phase 2)
Postprocess time history binary results files
- d3thdt
Similar to Jobname.HIS
EDHIST,Comp and EDHTIME,Freq
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File Organization
Description of ANSYS files generated during an ANSYS LS-DYNA run:
Jobname.K
LS-DYNA input file that is automatically generated upon execution of the ANSYS SOLVE
command.
Contains geometry, load, and material data that exists in ANSYS database
ASCII input file 100% compatible with LS-DYNA version 971
File can also be manually generated using the EDWRITE command:
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File Organization
Description of ANSYS files generated during an ANSYS LS-DYNA run (cont.):
Jobname.HIS
Explicit dynamics time history results files used in POST26
Contains results for a subset of nodes and/or elements of the model
Typically contains results at significantly more time steps than Jobname.RST
Use /CONFIG, NRES to write more than 1000 results sets to .HIS and .RST files
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File Organization
Description of LS-DYNA files generated during an ANSYS LS-DYNA run:
Time-History ASCII Output Files
User must specify which files are written before solution (EDOUT command)
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File Organization
Description of LS-DYNA files generated during an ANSYS LS-DYNA run (cont.):
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F. Introduction Workshop
This workshop consists of the following problem:
WS01. Fan Blade Containment Analysis
Please refer to your Workshop Supplement for instructions.
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G. Course Outline
1. Introduction
2. Elements
3. Part Definitions
4. Material Definitions
5. Loading, Rigid Bodies, and Boundary Conditions
6. Contact Surfaces
7. Solution and Simulation Controls
8. Postprocessing
9. Restarting
10. Explicit-to-Implicit Sequential Solution
11. Implicit-to-Explicit Sequential Solution
12. Drop Test Module (DTM)
13. ALE (Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian) Method
14. Summary
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