Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela

Ministry of Popular Power for University education, science and technology

University Institute of Management (IUPG Professions)
Chair: English
Section: 6 "DB"

Active
Voice &
Professor (a): Norman
Members:
Castro Greisbel

Passive

A Canaie

Voice
C.I:22.692.545
Castro Jeferson
C.I:20.975.557

Caracas, 13 October 2016

1|Pgina

Index
Content
Index.................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCCIN..............................................................................................3
Active Voice.......................................................................................................4
Active Voice...................................................................................................4
Subject --> action --> Object..........................................................................4
The Passive Voice...........................................................................................8
Grammatical Rules......................................................................................11
Uses of the Passive Voice...........................................................................11
Training........................................................................................................12
Features:......................................................................................................13
Comparison of Active Voice and Passive Voice........................................15
ACTIVE / PASSIVE OVERVIEW....................................................................16
CONCLUSIN................................................................................................18

2|Pgina

INTRODUCCIN
In the English language there are several grammatical resources used in
sentences, one of them are the voices which can be active or passive. When
we talk about asset we refer to something that produces an effect, and when
we talk about liability we refer to something that lies dormant letting things
happen without your intervention.

Similarly, in a sentence can present the passive voice, this appears in the
nominative-accusative languages, and in it the verb has a subject suffering
from the action, ie, it is a subject patient, and do not realize it, executes or
controls, as in the active voice. In other words we can say that the active
voice is where the action of the verb falls on the object. The difference
between the active voice and the passive voice is not merely formal. It is also
a difference in meaning: in the active sentence, the subject of the sentence is
responsible for the action; in the passive sentence, the subject of the
sentence receives the effects of the action.

3|Pgina

Active Voice
The active voice appears in the field of grammar and is linked to a form of
conjugate verbs. Also known as direct voice, the active voice expresses a
subject agent who executes an action.
It was also said that a sentence is in active voice when the significance
of the word is produced by the person to whom one is grammatical concerns:
(Pedro de Mendoza founded in Buenos Aires)

Active Voice
In this mode, the prayer expresses that a subject performs an action and that
action is received by the object.

Subject --> action --> Object

Is the type of prayer that we use more frequently in all tenses. In the following
prayers, the action of sweep is performed by Julia and lies in the street. And
we can express it in different tenses.
Examples:

Present: Julia sweeps the Street.

Past: Julia swept the street.
Future: Julia will sweep the street.
Future: Julia is going to sweep the street.
Present Continuous: Julia is sweeping the Street.
Past continuous: Julia was sweeping the Street.
Continuous future: Julia will be sweeping the Street.
Present Perfect: Julia has swept the street.
Past Perfect: Julia had swept the street.
Future perfect: Julia will have swept the street.
Present Perfect Continuous: Julia has been sweeping the street.
Past Perfect Continuous: Julia had been sweeping the street.
Future Perfect Continuous: Julia will have been sweeping the street.

4|Pgina

As we can see in every prayer we have a subject that acts: Julia, and an
object that receives its action: the street. The action it performs is expressed
in the different tenses.
In the case of simple times (present, past and future), uses the
conjugation simple corresponding to each of the times.
In the case of the times perfect, uses the basic structure of each one of
them, always using have in the corresponding time, more the participle of the
active verb (you have swept, had swept, will have swept).
For the rest of the continuous times, with the active voice is always uses
the shape of the gerundio (verb ending in -ing.
The active voice also use it when we express an action performed by the
subject, but without indicating their object:

The car runs.

The flower will blow.
The dog barked.

We also use the active voice with the modal verbs to indicate that
someone can or must perform an action. In these cases the word is also used
in their conjugations simple of present, past, or future:

You must study

Mary could won the race.
We may achieve the goal.
They can arrive on time.

THIS SIMPLE (SIMPLE PRESENT)

ACTIVE VOICE:
SUBJECT + VERB + COMPLEMENT.
EXAMPLE:
THEY PAINTS THE HOUSE.

5|Pgina

THIS PRESENT PROGRESSIVE:

ACTIVE VOICE:
SUBJECT + VERB TOBE + (VERB + ING) + COMPLEMENT
EXAMPLE:
THEY ARE PAINTING THE HOUSE

SIMPLE PAST SIMPLE PAST:

ACTIVE VOICE:
TO BE SUBJECT + VERB + COMPLEMENT IN PAST
EXAMPLE:
THEY PAINTED THE HOUSE

PAST PROGRESSIVE:
ACTIVE VOICE:
SUBJECT + VERB TO BE IN PAST + (VERB + ING) + COMPLEMENT
EXAMPLE:
PAINTING THE HOUSE THEY WERE

THIS PERFECT (PERFECT PRESENT)

ACTIVE VOICE:
SUBJECT + VERB + YOU HAVE OR PARTICLE + COMPLEMENT
EXAMPLE: THE PAINTED HOUSE THEY HAVE

6|Pgina

PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE:

ACTIVE VOICE:
SUBJECT + HAVE OR HAS BEEN + (VERB + ING) + COMPLEMENT
EXAMPLE:
THEY HAVE BEEN PAINTING THE HOUSE

GOING TO FUTURE (FUTURE GOING TO)

ACTIVE VOICE:
SUBJECT + VERB + + GOING TO COMPLEMENT
EXAMPLE:
THEY GOING TO PAINT THE HOUSE

WILL FUTURE (FUTURE WILL)

ACTIVE VOICE:
SUBJECT + VERB + COMPLEMENT WILL
EXAMPLE:
PAINT THE HOUSE THEY WLL

7|Pgina

8|Pgina

The Passive Voice

The passive voice is a construction or verbal conjugation in some
languages for which there is the subject as passive (subject patient), while
the action executed by the verb is played by a snap-in (agent plug-in) and not
by the subject agent of the verb in active voice. The passive voice converts to
a transitive verb in a verb intransitivo with only one main argument as
possible (the agent when it is expressed through an attachment marked with
case oblique or prepositional).
Is known as grammatical voice to the category that is associated with the
word and that alludes to the semantic link that maintains with the object and
with the subject. According to the voice grammar, the subject is patient or
agent according to receive or run the action.
Auxiliary verb (to be) + past participle
VERB TENSION
PRESENT SIMPLE
PRESENT
CONTINUOUS
FUTURE (WILL)
FUTURE (GOING
TO)
PAST SIMPLE

STRUCTURE
Am/are/is + PP
Am/are/is being
+ PP
Will be + PP
Am/are/is going to
be + PP
Was/were + PP

PAST
CONTINUOUS

Was/were
being + PP

PRESENT
PERFECT
PAST PERFECT

Have/have
been + PP
Had been + PP

FUTURE PERFECT

Will have been + PP

EXAMPLE
Spanish is spoken here.
Your questions are being answered.
It'll be painted by next week.
Terry is going to be
made redundant next year.
We were invited to the party, but
we didn't go.
The hotel room was being
cleaned when we got back from the
shopping.
The President of America has been
shot.
When i got home I found that all of
his money had been stolen.
Our baby will have been
born before Christmas.

9|Pgina

Present Simple Passive

Present simple: Subject + present the verb to be + main verb in passive
participle.
Simple Present is used for common actions and general truths.
Example: two days a week.
Pasado Simple
Subject + past verb to be + main verb in passive participle.
Note: The past simple of to be is singular Was - Were Plural. (Depending on
the subject.)
Simple Past is used for actions that are completed.
Present Continuous
Subject + present continuous to be + main verb in passive participle.
Note: The present continuous is to be being Am - Is being - are
being. (Depending on the subject)
The Present Continuous is used for actions that are trascurriendo at the time
we're talking about.
Example: The children are at school being Taught French.
Past Continuous
Subject + past continuous to be + main verb in passive participle.
Note: The past continuous is to be being Was, Were being the past
continuous is used for actions that were trascurriendo in the past. Example:
The house was being painted.
Present Perfect
10 | P g i n a

Subject + present perfect to be + main verb in passive participle.

Note: The present perfect of to be Have been or is He Has been present
perfect is used for completed actions that relate to the present time.
Example: Mike has-been told. I Have Been Promoted to general manager.
Past Perfect
Subject + Past perfect of to be + main verb in passive participle.
Note: past perfect of to be is HAD Been for all subjects.
The past perfect is used when we have two past actions and precedes the
other.
Example: By the time the police arrived, the house had broken into Been.
Simple Future
Subject + will be + main verb in passive participle.
The Simple future passive is used for actions that will occur at a certain time
in the future.
Example: Alicia will be in marriage Asked by Steven.
Future Perfect
+ Will Have Been + main verb in passive participle.
The future perfect passive is used for actions that were completed in a certain
time in the future.
Auxiliary question and denial are: will Have Been
Example: She Will Have Been invited to the party
Simple Conditional
Would be + subject + main verb in passive participle.
11 | P g i n a

Example: Amanda would be Asked out.

Past Conditional
Subject + Would Have Been + main verb in passive participle.
It is used to set unrealistic actions it refers to actions already completed

Grammatical Rules
The passive voice is formed with the auxiliary verb "to be" and the past
participle of the verb.
Subject + auxiliary verb (to be) + past participle
The passive voice, as its name indicates, appears with the subject patient.
An add-in is the grammatical element that executes the action of the verb,
while the subject receives it

Examples:

The speech is written for the president.

The house was built in 1975.
My wallet has been stolen. The room will be cleaned while we are out.

Uses of the Passive Voice

1. We use the passive voice when we do not know who has performed the
action.
Examples:

To civilian has been killed.

The car was stolen.

2. We use the passive voice when we want to give more importance to what
happened, that who performed the action or when we do not want to say
who was made.

12 | P g i n a

Examples:

The letter was delivered yesterday.

A mistake was made.

Note: we cannot use the passive voice with verbs intransitivos as "die",
"arrive" or "Go". Intransitivos verbs are verbs which do not bear a direct
object.

Training
To pass a sentence in the active voice to passive voice, the direct subject
of prayer active (the testimonies) becomes the subject of the passive.
The passive voice of process shape with the corresponding shape of
being, while the passive state shape with BE. The main verb (collect) is
included in the passive sentence as variable participle, agreeing in gender
and number with the noun (collected/to/os/ACE).
The subject of the active prayer can be included as a complement in the
passive sentence preceded by the preposition by, but in the passive state will
not appear.
Examples:

The police records the testimonies.

The testimonies are collected (by the police). Passive process
The testimonies are collected. Passive state
Testimonies (masculine, plural) collected

Summary - tenses in the active voice, the passive state and the passive
process

Passive process

Active

Passive state

The testimonies are

Present

The testimonies are

13 | P g i n a

collected.
The
testimonies were
collected.
The
testimonies were
gathered.
The
testimonies have
been collected.

The evidence had

been collected.

The
testimonies will be
collected.
The
testimonies have
been collected.

The
testimony would be
collected.
The witnesses have
been collected.

The police records

the testimonies.
imperfect
The police collected
testimonies.
Undefined
The police collected
the testimony.
The Present
Perfect Tense
The police has
collected testimonies.
Past
Pluscuamperfecto

The police had

collected the
testimony.
Future Simple
The police will collect
the testimonies.
Future composed

The police have been

collected the
testimony.
Conditional
Simple
The police would reap
the testimonies.
Composite
Conditional
The police would have
collected the
testimony.

collected.
The testimonies were
collected.
The testimonies were
collected.
The testimonies have
been collected.

The evidence had

been collected.

The testimonies will be

collected.
The testimonies have
been collected.

The testimony would be

collected.

The testimonies have

been collected.

Features:
"The passive voice in English is generally used in written records, in
scientific articles and technical documents, but also in newspapers or other
formal documents.

14 | P g i n a

Normally we focus on agents that starring the actions, however, the

passive voice allows us to speak of objects, processes or people who are
passive subjects of actions undertaken by other people, and in this way give
prominence in our speech".
1. It is said that a sentence is in passive voice when the significance of the
word is received by the person to whom one is grammatical relates:
Buenos Aires was founded by Pedro de Mendoza.
2. Forms with the assistant of the verb to be and the past participle of the
verb that conjugates.
3. The supplement to the prayer becomes active subject of the passive. As in
Spanish, the subject of the active can be retained as subject agent.
4. When a verb has two add-ons can make two passive structures:
To book was sent to Tom by Mr. Smith.
Tom was sent to book by Mr. Smith (passive language).

Model of verb in Passive Voice TO BE SEEN = BE SEEN

This

I am seen.
You are seen.
He is seen.
We are seen.
You are seen.
They are seen.

Perfect PRETERITO

I have been seen.

You have been
seen.
I have been seen.
We have been
seen.
You have been
seen.

Past

They have been

seen.

I was seen.
You were
seen.
I was seen.
We were
seen.
You were
seen.
They were
seen.

Future

I shall be seen.
You will be seen.
I will be seen.
We
shall be seen.
You
will be seen.
They
will be seen.

15 | P g i n a

Conditional
PRETERITO
PLUSCUAMPERFECT
O
I had been seen.

I should be seen.

Future Perfect

I shall have
been seen.

Conditional
perfect

I should have
been seen.

16 | P g i n a

Comparison of Active Voice and Passive Voice

Active Voice & Passive Voice

Active Voice is when a person

performs the action directly or
also on the same person

The Passive Voice is prayer

where the meaning of the word
is received by the person to
whom it refers

S + verb. + Complement(can
be direct, indirect or
circumstantial)

S. Liabilities + + verb. Passive +

Agent Plug-in

I seek The Expensive

The carriage is being sought by

Me

Transitive verb without there is

no OD and therefore there is
no active voice

Passive Voice The Agent Plugin always has to start with the
preposition -By-

17 | P g i n a

ACTIVE / PASSIVE OVERVIEW

Tense
Active
Simple Present Once a week, Tom cleans the house.
Present
Continuous
Simple Past

Right now, Sarah is writing the letter.

Sam repaired the car.

Passive
Once a week, the house is cleaned by
Tom.
Right now, the letter is being written by
Sarah.
The car was repaired by Sam.

Past
Continuous

The salesman was helping the

customer when the thief came into
the store.
Many tourists have visited that
castle.
Recently, John has been doing the
work.

The customer was being helped by the

salesman when the thief came into the
store.
That castle has been visited by many
tourists.
Recently, the work has been being
done by John.

George had repaired many cars

before he received his mechanic's
license.
Chef Jones had been preparing the
restaurant's fantastic dinners for two
years before he moved to Paris.
Someone will finish the work by 5:00
PM.

Many cars had been repaired by

George before he received his
mechanic's license.
The restaurant's fantastic dinners had
been being preparedby Chef Jones for
two years before he moved to Paris.
The work will be finished by 5:00 PM.

Sally is going to make a beautiful

dinner tonight.

A beautiful dinner is going to be

made by Sally tonight.

At 8:00 PM tonight, John will be

washing the dishes.

At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes will be

being washed by John.

At 8:00 PM tonight, John is going to

be washing the dishes.

At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes are

going to be being washedby John.

They will have completed the project

before the deadline.

The project will have been

completed before the deadline.

They are going to have

completed the project before the

The project is going to have been

completed before the deadline.

Present
Perfect
Present
Perfect
Continuous
Past Perfect

Past Perfect
Continuous
Simple
Future
will
Simple
Future
be going to
Future
Continuous
will
Future
Continuous
be going to
Future
Perfect
will
Future
Perfect

18 | P g i n a

be going to
Future
Perfect
Continuous
will
Future
Perfect
Continuous
be going to
Used to
Would Always
Future in
the Past
Would
Future in
the Past
Was Going
to

deadline.
The famous artist will have been
painting the mural for over six
months by the time it is finished.

The mural will have been being

painted by the famous artist for over
six months by the time it is finished.

The famous artist is going to have

been painting the mural for over six
months by the time it is finished.

The mural is going to have been being

painted by the famous artist for over
six months by the time it is finished.

Jerry used to pay the bills.

My mother would always make the
pies.
I knew John would finish the work by
5:00 PM.

The bills used to be paid by Jerry.

The pies would always be made by my
mother.
I knew the work would be finished by
5:00 PM.

I thought Sally was going to make a

beautiful dinner tonight.

I thought a beautiful dinner was going

to be made by Sally tonight.

19 | P g i n a

CONCLUSIN
It can be noted that even if the active voice is easier and clearer to many
people, does not mean that the passive must be put aside.
The active voice and the passive voice are two ways of presenting the
same situation focusing it from different perspectives. In the case of the active
voice, we want the person responsible for the action (the agent), while in the
passive voice we want the patient or the result of this action. So each person
depend on voice use but most important is to have clear the grammatical
structure of each sentence.

20 | P g i n a