TELECOMMUNICATIONS SWITCHING SYSTEMS

UNIT-I

SWITCHING SYSTEMS

TRUE (OR) FALSE:

1. Telephone is invented by Alexander Graham Bell (T/F)If n is the number of subscribers
connected in fully connected network, the number of links are n(n-1)/2 (T/F)
2. The functions performed by switching systems in establishing and releasing connections
are known as control functions (T/F)
3. The number of links in a switching system is equal to number of subscribers (T/F)
4. The links run between subscribers and switching systems are subscriber lines (T/F)
FILL IN THE BLANKS:
5. The probability that a user may get blocked is called blocking probability
6. Switching exchanges are designed to meet an estimated maximum average simultaneous
traffic usually known as busy hour traffic
7. Systems in which the control subsystem is outside the switching network are known as
common control or indirect control or register control switching system
8. In non blocking crossbar configuration, there N2 switching elements for N subscribers
9. In digital cross point matrix the number of switches are N2/2
MULTIPLE CHOICE:
10. The customer can prevent unauthorized calls being made and can prevent incoming calls
is
(a) Call barring
(b) repeat last call
(c) remainder calls
(d) call
diversion
11. If a called line is engaged , the caller can try again later without having to redial the full
number
(a) Call barring
(b) repeat last call (c) remainder calls
(d) call
diversion
12. The exchange can instructed to call the customer at a pre arranged time
(a) Call barring
(b) remainder calls (c) repeat last call
(d) call
diversion
13. The customer can instruct the exchange to connect a third party to a call that is already in
progress
(a) Change advice
(b) call diversion
(c) call barring
(d) three way calls
14. As a result of the caller sending the appropriate instruction when starting a call, the
exchange calls back at the end of the call to indicate the call duration and charge
(a) Charge advice (b) 3 way calls
(c) call diversion
(d) call barring
MATCH THE FOLLOWING
15. (a) design1
( )
(1) s=110

(b) Design 2
(c) Design 3
(d) Design 4
(e) Design5

(
(
(
(

)
)
)
)

(2) s=1100
(3)s=100
(4) s=124
(5) s=48

UNIT-III

SWITCHING NETWORKS

FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. Design switching networks having a greater number of outlets than the
switches from which they are built. This can be done by connecting
number of stages in tandem.
2. The efficiency of switching system can be decreases inversely with 1/N,
where N is the number of cross points.
3. The number of cross points required is C1=1/2N((N-1)
4. Triangular switches are not found in telephone switching system because
both way trunks are not used.
5. The number of outgoing trunks to which an incoming trunk can obtain
connection is called the availability.
6. The technique of interconnecting the multiple of switches is called
grading.
7. A grading provides a poorer grade of service than a full availability group
with the same number of trunks.
8. Connecting non-adjacent groups, in addition to adjacent groups is known
as skipping.
9. The grading should be designed to share each trunk between an equal
number of groups are known as homogeneous gradings.
10.If total traffic A is carried by N trunks, the occupancy of each trunk is A/N.
TRUE OR FALSE
1
2.
3.
4.

.N
g
k
s

( ) a. number of groups
( ) b. number of trunks
( ) c. availability
( ) d. number of switches

UNIT-V

CONTROL OF SWITCHING SYSTEMS

1) In idle state, the customers handset is in ______ condition [ ]

a) Off-hook b) on-hook c) on-off-hook d) on-off keying
2) The calling signal is known as ______ signal [ ]
a) Called signal b) telephone signal c) seize signal d) call waiting signal
3) In an SPC exchange, a customers COS forms part of the data stored for that customers in the
line store is called a ______ [ ]
a) Class mark b) line store c) call baring d) none
4) A ________ sometimes called a call-progress signal is sent back to inform the caller of the
progress of the call. [ ]
a) Calling signal b) Call baring signal c) Status signal d) Call-wait signal
5) Signal sent in the direction away from the caller is called ______ signals and those sent
towards the caller are called _________ signals.
a) Forward, backward b) Backward, forward c) Flash, parked d) none
6) The control of the switching system employs _______ [ ]
a) Call division b) Call forwarding c) Functional call d) Functional division
7) A circuit in a common control used to resolve this contention is called a _______ [ ]
a) Allotter b) One-only selector c) Arbiter d) Operator
8) The ______ principle is extensively used in the TXE4 system [ ]
a) Serial trunking b) Parallel trunking c) Crank-back d) Trunking
9) Once equipment has failed, the fault must be [ ]
a) Removed b) leave the ckt c) rectified d) use another circuit
10) The _________ program monitors the queues of tasks waiting processing and takes
progressively mere drastic actions [ ]
a) Under load control b) overload-control c) Excessive control d) none

TRUE (OR) FALSE:

11) The call request signal is answered by the proceed-to-send signal [ ]
12) State boxes are labeled with a arrow, rectangular boxes [ ]
13) Common control units have been designed using relays, electronic digital ckts and SPC [ ]
14) Scanners serving customers lives and junctions enable the controlling processors to detect
their called and waiting signals [ ]
15) human-machine communication to provide the protocols for communication b/w terminals
and the processors [ ]
MATCH THE FOLLOWING:
1) Availability=____

[ ]

a) MTTR/ (MTTF+MTTR)

2) Event boxes having__

[ ]

b) MTTF/ (MTTF+MTTR)

3) Clear signals means

[ ]

c) the exchange makes a connection to it

4) The called line is obtainable

[ ]

d) arrow indicating forward or backward signal

5) Connection to the calling line [ ]

e) the exchange now makes a connection to the

&free__________

Calling line
f) To provide a clear signal to the exchange
g) To assign delete signal to the exchange

UNIT-VI

SIGNALLING

1) When continuous signaling is used, a signal is sent until the acknowledgement is received
and the acknowledgement signal persists until the original signal has been removed is called
_____
signaling [ ]
a) Continuous b) Compelled c) Pulse d) Acknowledged
2) A push-button telephone uses________________ signaling [ ]
a) Dual-tone multifrequency b) Signal initiation c) Ground start d) None
3) Outband signaling frequency range is _____ [ ]
a) 3-3.7 kHz b) 3.7-4 kHz c) 3.7-3.85 kHz d) 3.5-4 kHz
4) Systems that transmit signals within the baseband of FDM systems are known as ________
signaling systems. [ ]
a) In band b) Outband c) Video frequency d) Voice frequency
5) In _________ signaling, the complete address information is transferred from one register to
the next as a single string of digits [ ]
a) Outband b) In band c) en-bloc d) overlap
6)the level 2 protocol used in the CCITT no.7 signaling system uses the international standard
known as ___ [ ]
a) LDLC b) HDLC c) DLC d)None
7) The beginning and end of each HDLC message is indicated by unique combination of digits
known as a _____ [ ]
a) Flag b) register c) memory unit d) control unit
8) The opening flag is followed by bit fields for address and _____ information [ ]
a) Data b) data field c) control d) message
9) Signal units are of ____ types [ ]
a) MSU b) LSSU c) FISU d)none

10) Long distance direct current signaling systems were designed which obtain symmetrical way
form by using ______ working [ ]
a) Signal current b) double current c) current d) line current
TRUE (OR) FALSE:
1) A link by link signaling information is exchanged only between adjacent registers in a multi
link connection [ ]
2) The link status signal unit is used for link initialization and flow control [ ]
3) The error check field is immediately before the closing flag. It contains 8 bits generated as
acyclic redundancy check code [ ]
4) The service information octet (SIO) indicates the user part appropriate to the message [ ]
5) Opening and closing flag are used to limit signals. They have the code pattern 01111110 [ ]
MATCH THE FOLLOWING:
1) Transmitted signal may be [ ]

a) UN acknowledged

2) Address digits send by customers

Are normally ____

[ ]

3) CCS is widely used in___

b) 300hz-3.4kHz

c) continuous signals

4) In FDM systems the baseband is

From __________

d) 3.7-3.85kHz

e) public telecommunication networks

5) ____ systems are developed to

Minimize the delay

f) Inter register signaling

g) In band multifrequency signaling

UNIT-VII

PACKET SWITCHING

1) Data n/ws use a modified form of message switching called ______ [ ]

a) Circuit b) Data c) Packet d) Virtual
2) Each header contains a _______ to enable packets to be re assembled in the correct order at
the receiving terminal [ ]
a) Sequence no. b) Random no. c) Odd no. d) Even no.
3) The data n/ws and its terminals handle the packets by procedures known as ___[ ]
a) Packet b) Bridge c) Protocols d) Network
4) If two networks use the same protocols they may be linked by a simple apparatus called a ___
[ ]
a) Link b) bridge c) networks c) packet
5) ____ is required to translate from one protocol to other [

a) Gate b) Link c) Bridge d) Gateway

6) Statistical multiplexer is also called as _______ multiplexer [ ]
a) Intelligent b) TDM c) FDM d) Code division
7) All communication is completely controlled by the central computer and is called ______[ ]
a) Pulling b) Push c) Polling d) Random access
8) What is the main disadvantage of roll-call poling? [ ]
a) Small network b) Very wide areas c) Delays d) Propagation time
9) The ______ protocol works as long as throughout the data is small [ ]
a) Aloha b) Slotted aloha c) Protocol d) Pure aloha
10) The _______ ring operates at 70 M bits/s and accommodates 32 octets of data and 16 bit
address fields [ ]
a)token ring b)Cambridge fast ring c)slotted ring d)none

TRUE (OR) FALSE:

1) Fault isolation is difficult in bus networks but it is straight forward in ring networks [ ]
2) Packet switching was 1st developed for use in public data networks [ ]
3) A conventional multiplexer transmission system provides a permanent channel from each
input terminal to each output terminal [ ]
4) In roll-call poling the terminals are normally in the answering mode [ ]
5) A bus network is a single server queuing system [ ]
MATCH THE FOLLOWING:
1) The Slotted ring is sometimes called as ---- [ ]

a) Node latency

2) A bit is changed in the token and the

Modified bit pattern is called a -----

[ ]

3) Each node delays the token by at least one [ ]

and bit in deciding whether to change
It is called

b) Self healing network

c) Information frames, supervisory frames
unnumbered frames

------------

4) Automatic techniques for detecting and

[ ]

d) Connector

isolating faulty units result in a ___

5) ____ are kinds of frames

[ ]

e) Relay frame
f) Cambridge ring
g) Link network

UNIT-VIII

NETWORKS

1) Four wire switching was used in ____ and _____ offices [ ]

a) Classes 3 & 4 b) Classes 1 & 3 c) Classes 2 & 4 d ) Classes 1 & 2
2) The UK trunk network had _____ levels of switching center [

a) Group switching center b) District switching center c) Main switching center

d) Local switching center
3) A network having compatible digital transmission and switching is known as an __ [ ]
a) Analog n/ws b) Integrated digital n/ws c) Integrated circuits d) None
4) The trunk n/w containing one level of switching center called as ____ and are fully inter
connected [ ]
a) IDN b) DCCE c) AT & T d) DMSU
5) Basic rate access requires a bit rate of ___ bits [ ]
a) 124k b) 144k c) 122k d) 140k
6) _____ connects the access n/w to the core n/w at the local exchange [ ]
a) Exchange transmission b) Line termination c) N/w termination d) None
7) _____ converts the layer 1,2 & 3 protocols of a TE2 into those of a TE1 [ ]
a) TE1 b) TE2 c) TA d) NTI
8) The possibility exists of merging the transmission, processing and storage of voice, fax, data
and video information in a single terminal apparatus called a _____ [ ]
a) N/w terminal b) Multimedia terminal c) Line terminal d) TE1 &2
9) In a cellular n/w a country is divided into a large no. of small areas known as___ [ ]
a) States b) Channels c) Stations d) Cells
10) The more complex services can be controlled by a centralized processor called a ___point.[ ]
a) Service control b) N/w control c) Packet control d) Data n/w

TRUE (OR) FALSE:

11) Node software provides common utilities such as signaling, data base access, transaction
monitoring and alarm reporting [ ]
12) The DNIC consists of a data country code of four digits followed by an n/w digit [ ]
13) The cost of providing a telecommunication n/w consists of the capital cost and the current
operating expenses [ ]
14) High traffic and high cost direct routes indicate tandem working [ ]
15) The routing plan must be consistent with the plans for numbering, charging, transmission and
signaling [ ]
MATCH THE FOLLOWING:
1) AT & T is also called as

a) Subscriber trunk dialing

2) PSTN is an acronym for

b) International subscriber dialing

3) An international no. consists of [

c) ACP

Two parts_____
4) The AT & T toll n/w uses a Distributer [

d) Integrated services digital n/w

dynamic alternative routing is known as --5) STD means

[ ]

e) Public switched telephone n/w

f) Data n/w identification code, n/w terminal no.
g) Real time n/w routing (RTNR)