Facilitation Technique Category: Therapeutic use of exercise

Activity Title: Row Row Row Your Boat: Guidelines

Source: Adaptive rowing as a therapeutic and athletic outlet for persons with
disabilities
Philip H. Wagner
Equipment: Row boat, paddle, life vest
Activity Description: Therapeutic exercises such as, rowing has many health
benefits ranging from healthy body composition, low impact exercise with
high reward, cardiovascular conditioning, promotes muscle strength,
stabilizes the body, stress reduction, full body exercise and promotes healthy
joints. Step 1, Rowing machine: if possible, find a local gym or recreational
facility with workout machines, ask a trainer where you can find a rowing
machine and practice the fundamental movements of rowing so ,one knows
the mechanics of rowing. Step 2 tighten and strengthen your core: there are
many ways to strengthen the ab area such as, planking where the individual
lies on their stomach props themselves up using the forearm and tip toes
while, stiffing up their body in a plank like position engaging the core to stay
in place. The individual would do this repetitively, 3 sets with 1 minute
intervals. Step 3 proper seating: once on the boat the participant will be
instructed on seating placement. the participant must always remember that
they sit with their back facing the bow which, is the front of the boat and
their chest facing the stern which, is the rear of the boat. Step 4, Foot
placement: Most row boats will come with foot straps to hold the participant
down to maintain maximum performance. if a participant is taller and longer
than the foot straps; the foot straps can be adjusted according to height and
length. In order to have a concise Idea on where the foot straps need to be
the participant must extend their legs from the point of the foot strap to
make sure when they row they dont obstruct another person the boat. Step
5, The Grip: the participant will grab both oars (handles of the paddles) with
both hands. The grip must be an over hand grip to provide a twisting motion
when rowing. Step 6. Rowing: as previously mentioned in step 1, the
participant will be engaging in a rowing action to propel themselves from
point A to point B. First the participant must straighten the legs and push
back as they row. The participant must know rowing is an all in one fluid
motion so they will be engaging the lower body as, well as the upper body.
Step 7, the catch position: this position allows the participant to float the
paddle blade over the water while, the knees are bent and the arms are
straight. Step 8, The Drive: the participant will be driving the blade into the
water with the thrust going towards the stern of the boat. The participant will
then lean in the catch the position push and go into the drive position. At this
point the handles should be coming towards the chest area as you gradually
lean back and the legs are erect. Step 9 The Finish and Release: the finish
and release is initiated when the paddle blade comes out of the water the

arms are bent and the back is straight and upright. The legs are completely
straight. The participant will be completing the drive and will be pulling the
oars towards his upper body. The paddles should be out in front aiming at the
rear of the vessel. Step 10 recovery phase: the paddle blades are lifted from
the water, both hands should have the oars aimed towards the knees, this
action will lift the paddles out and you can rest them, as the natural drag of
the boat will propel you to shore.
Leadership considerations: The CTRS would function as, a supervisor and
instructor for this activity. Given that most participants will be novices, the
CTRS should accompany the participant on the boat. In order to instruct the
participants on rowing the CTRS must have a certification in rowing, if not
the CTRS can always be accompanied by an individual who is. The CTRS
must be certified in first aid and CPR in the event of someone falls in the
water. Which is why it is imperative that CTRS make sure that everyone is
equipped with life vests. It is recommended that coast guards be on the
scene. Most participants will dwell in the in the experience of novice so, the
ratio of staff to participant should be round 1:1, 1:2 and 2:4.at the start of
the activity the CTRS must go through a few safety protocols such as, a swim
test, terminology, maps with hazards, sign in and out of a log book,
accountability for equipment, hands and feet, a whistle, lighting and being
aware of weather conditions. During rowing the CTRS must make sure there
is adequate spacing between everyone as , they row to prevent unwanted
and unnecessary accidents. Demonstrate rowing on a machine if necessary.
Adaptations for physical impairments: an amputee is a person whose limb
has been removed because of trauma or birth defect. When participants with
this physical impairment engage in this activity depending on what limb was
severed, the participant can gain many benefits from the exercise such as,
an increase in cardiovascular stamina and an increase in muscular stamina.
The adaptive tool for this activity would be closed grip prosthetic in which an
amputee with a missing arm can latch on the the handles and use the upper
body motion to bring in the oars to propel themselves back and forth in a
indoor rowing facility. Usually when arm amputees have prosthetics limb the
prosthetic limb is attach to their body with a harness device attached, so it
stays in place. Rowing is a high intensity workout the CTRS on scene must
make sure that their prosthetic limbs are secure, make sure their posture is
correct and their technique is well, to reduce instant fatigue and muscle
strain from a loose improper technique.
Adaptation for stroke participants: Stroke participants are people who suffer
from clotting in the brain in which, adequate blood flow isnt properly
transferred to the brain, this causes to brain to suffocate because of a
decrease in oxygen to brain. To prevent stroke clients from slipping off of the
oars and hurting them selves the adaptive tool that has been used is a
special Velcro system and tape that they wrap around both the hand s of the

participant to allow them to have strong grip to row successfully. The CTRS
must be very observant when the client is in motion and the CTRS must
make sure the participant is strapped in the row seat securely. The CTRS will
thoroughly check and tighten the straps to clients upper body. The CTRS
must also be advised that fatigue is imminent with person who suffer from
stroke so 3 min breaks in between rows is highly advised.
REFERENCES
Revolution, H. F. (2016, March 14). Top 10 health benefits of rowing health fitness
revolution. Retrieved September 16, 2016, from Health Fitness Revolution,
http://www.healthfitnessrevolution.com/top-10-health-benefits-rowing/
Safety guidelines. Retrieved September 16, 2016, from
http://archive.usrowing.org/safety/safetyguidelines
inc, C. 2. Adaptive rowing. Retrieved September 17, 2016, from
http://www.concept2.com/indoor-rowers/adaptive-rowing
Facilitation Technique Category: Therapeutic use of sports
Activity Title: Jam Sport: guidelines
Source: The relationship of skills of elite wheelchair basketball

competitors to the international functional classification system.FM

Brasile, BN Hedrick - Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 1996
Equipment: basketball, cones, basketball sneakers, athletic wear
Activity Description: Therapeutic sports such as, basketball provide many
benefits for the participant such as ,great cardiovascular stamina, it give the
participant self discipline, develops hand eye coordination , it build muscle
and bone strength , the participant has more concentration. It develops fine
motor skills, promotes mental and spatial awareness, it also reduces stress
and enhances confidence. Step 1. The participant must be equipped with a
ball and a hoop to practice making shots. If a regulation sized hoop is not
available then, the participant may substitute the hoop with an empty box or
a peach basket, whatever they find available to justify a shot. Step 2. Teams:
the instructor will break the participants up in two teams this will allow a
form of competition for the opposite team so, they can engage in the game.
Each team will have approximately 5 people minimum to participate in this
activity. Step 3 Scoring: there three ranges of scoring on the basket court
there is long rang, which is behind the the 3-point arc, the mid range which is
free throwline extended and short range which, would involve the participant

going for a lay up and floaters. The primary way of scoring is the jump shot
where the participant will bend his elbow in a 90-degree angle, with elbow
tucked in as much as possible to prevent the ball from being shot to the side.
Jump in the air to elevate over the opponent to get a clear shot of the rim
and shoot straight up in the air, the ball rolls back on the wrist and is flicked
right into the hoop. Step 4: Dribbling and passing: when the participant is
making a pass he/she must always grab the ball with two hands bring the
ball to his chest and pass it with the same mechanics of shooting making
sure to always flick the wrist to create enough thrust to propel the ball
straight this is what you call a chest pass and when the ball aimed at the
participant but ,passed to the floor to get the participants teammate this
action is called a bounce pass ,this is a great technique to learn when being
covered my an athletic individual. The mechanics of dribbling are as follows:
when dribbling the basketball, you are passing the ball from one hand to
another, in this action the wrist is being flicked over and over a gain so, the
ball hits the the same spot on the ground each time. If the ball is hitting the
same spot on the ground each time this means the participant is dribbling
correctly once comfortable with this action the participant can move to more
challenging task such, as drills. Step 5: Mechanics: when dribbling the
participant must always make sure the ball only comes waist high and to
make sure the are only dribbling with their finger tips the ball creates a yoyo
like affect. Step 6: Sight: the head of the participant must always be up when
dribbling so, they can facilitate the ball accordingly. The golden rule to this
would be chin up and eyes on the rim. When doing dribbling drills this action
must also, take place as well. Step 7: Square up: When performing any action
on the basketball court the body of the participant must always be squared
and ready to attack at all times. The more position you have on your
opponents the easier it to score the basketball in a game. So, if you have the
angle you can score at will. Step 8: Defense: the participant must always be
ready to play defense. The participant will get in a low squatting position
with their wing span fully extended this helps deter the participant on
offence from beating the participant easily. The participant must move
laterally quickly to turn his opponent in this position. This position also,
makes it ideal for blocking shots because the participant is already in a
squatting position. Last step, playing full court now that the participant
knows all the fundamentals of basketball its time to play full court game.
Leadership considerations: The CTRS in this activity will function as a
supervisor, referee and instructor. The CTRS must be advised that some of
the players might get over aggressive during play so it is imperative that
he/she goes over the rules in detail to avoid and sports related injuries. It is
recommended that CTRS is certified in first aid and CPR in the event of an
injury or complete exhaustion since basketball is a high intensity activity.
There will be approximately 10 people on the court at all times so two
referees are necessary while the game is at play or the CTRS can have the
participant call their own fouls. The ratio of participants to staff should be

around 1:1 1:5 and 3:10. The CTRS must be aware if any participant has
cardiovascular issues to have inhaler on hand or 911 on speed dial and or
create a less intensive game such half court game to accommodate the
participant.
Adaptations for physical impairments: muscular dystrophy is caused by a
group of diseases that eat away at muscles mass and cause weakness the its
targeted area. Many participants that suffer from this muscle deteriorating
disease end in wheelchairs. For the game of basketball, a special wheelchair
was created to aid those with these physical impairments. One in particular
is the Quickie All Court Titanium Basketball Wheelchair this wheel chair is
very light and fast with an impact resistant frame that last for years. There
are cheaper brands of basketball wheelchairs but, this one is very popular
due to performance. Basketball is a physical sport so the CTRS should be
supervising at all times to make sure no altercations advance and become
physical. when it come to team versus team and no one likes to lose.
Adaptation for participants with visual impairments: A visual impairment is a
condition where someones eyes cant be adjusted to a standard level. This is
a limitation that causes the vision to be obstructed and in some cases the
eyes are removed. An adaptive means to visual impairment for basketball is
a bell inside of the basketball. This allows the the participant to know exactly
where the ball is bouncing so he/she can keep it within dribbling distance.
The back board has two continuous sounds emitting off of it to create a point
where the participant can shoot the ball. By using two set of recorders the
sounds broadcast two harmonious sounds where participant can differentiate
exactly where the sound is emitting from. There is a mechanism is in the ball
that sends out a different sound when the ball is scored to show the
participant that they actually made a basket. The court is also, adapted with
small bumps when stepped on the participant can tell exactly where the
boundaries are. The game rules are also simplified to allow the participants a
smooth game play without complex rules to distract them. The CTRS must
make sure there no foreign object on the court that can cause a slip and fall
accident so, the court must be clear before game play.
REFERENCES
Adapted basketball for the blind. Retrieved September 16, 2016, from
http://icevi.org/publications/ICEVI-WC2002/papers/01-topic/01-bahram-jadidi.htm
Megan. (1998). Basketball Wheelchairs. Retrieved September 16, 2016, from
http://www.sportaid.com/basketball-chairs/
Revolution, H. F. (2016, March 14). Top 10 health benefits of basketball. Retrieved
September 16, 2016, from Health Fitness Revolution,
http://www.healthfitnessrevolution.com/top-10-health-benefits-basketball/

Maddie. How to play basketball. Retrieved September 16, 2016, from

http://www.wikihow.com/Play-Basketball