Environmental Management

System (ISO 14001)

Lecture hour: 3 hour / week
Course code: EVT 472
By: Ahmad Husaini Mohamed

Chapter 2: The
Development of
Environmental
Management
System (ISO
14001)

Origin of ISO 14000

Initially released in 1996 and updated in 2004

A global series of Environmental Management Systems

(EMS) standards

Continuation from ISO 9000 series, the ISO 14000 series

have been developed so that organizations may incorporate
environmental aspects into operations and product
standards.

It is a set of voluntary environmental management

standards, guides and technical reports, which specifically
focuses on corporate environmental management systems,
operating practices, products, and services.

ISO technical committee (ISO/TC) 207 Environmental management is responsible for

developing and maintaining the ISO 14000 family of
standards

The ISO 14000 standards are a response to:

i)

1986 The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

(GATT) negotiations in Uruguay

i)

1992 United Nations Conference on Environment

and Development in Rio de Janeiro

Environmental Management History

Environmental management has existed in some form for

thousands of year but really started in earnest the 1960s.
Significant contamination discovered at that time prompted
the enactment of many laws and regulation in the 1970s
and 1980s.

Standard and Standardisation

What is a standard?
A standard is a document that provides
requirements, specifications, guidelines
or characteristics that can be used
consistently to ensure that materials,
products, processes and services are fit for
their purpose

Benefit of Standards
help to harmonize
technical specifications
of products and services
making industry more
efficient
help increase
productivity and
competitive

breaking down technical

barriers to international
trade (TBT)

Conformity to International
Standards helps reassure
consumers that products
are safe, efficient and good
for the environment

reduce negative impacts

on the environment

strategic tools & guidelines

to help companies tackle
some of the most
demanding challenges of
modern business

help improve quality,

enhance customer
satisfaction and increase
sales

vital resource for

governments when
developing public policy

What is Standardisation?
The process of developing and implementing
technical standards. Standardisation can help to
maximize compatibility, interoperability, safety,
repeatability or quality. It can also facilitate to
breaking down the technical barriers to trade
(TBT)

International Organization for

Standardization (ISO)
ISO Headquarters is in La
Voie Creuse, Geneva
Non-governmental
organization made up of
members from the national
standards bodies (NSB) of
162 countries
the
worlds
largest
developer of voluntary
International Standards

ISO Member Bodies

ISO Membership Categories

There are three member categories in ISO:
Full members (or member bodies) - influence ISO standards
development and strategy by participating and voting in ISO
technical and policy meetings. Full members sell and adopt ISO
International Standards nationally.
Correspondent members - observe the development of ISO
standards and strategy by attending ISO technical and policy
meetings as observers. Correspondent members can sell and adopt
ISO International Standards nationally.

Subscriber members - keep up to date on ISOs work but cannot

participate in it. They do not sell or adopt ISO International
Standards nationally. They do not sell or adopt ISO International
Standards nationally.

KEY PRINCIPLE IN DEVELOPING

STANDARD
Consensus:
The view of all
interests are taken
into account manufacturing,
vendors and users,
consumer groups,
testing laboratories,
governments,
engineering
professions, and
research
organization.

Industry-wide:
The goal is to draft
standards that satisfy
industries and
consumer worldwide

Voluntary
International:
standardization is
market-driven and
therefore based on
voluntary
involvement of all
interests in the
marketplace.

International standards are developed by

ISO technical committee (TC) through a fivestep process:i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.

Proposal stage
Preparatory stage
Committee stage
Approval stage
Publication stage

ISO Structure and Governance

i.

The General Assembly (GA) - The General Assembly is the

ultimate authority for the organization. It is an annual meeting
attended by our members and our Principal Officers

ii.

The ISO Council - The ISO Council takes care of most

governance issues. It meets twice a year and is made up of 20
member bodies, the ISO Officers and the Chairs of the Policy
Development Committees CASCO, COPOLCO and DEVCO

iii.

Technical Management Board (TMB) - The management of the

technical work is taken care of by the Technical Management
Board. This body is also responsible for the technical
committees that lead standard development and any strategic
advisory boards created on technical matters.

ISO Structure and Governance

Established 28 August1996
under purview Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI)

Develop and promote

Malaysian Standards (MS)
Principals for MS development are based on Annex 3
to WTO/TBT Agreement, ISO/IEC Guide 59 & ISO/IEC
Guide 21

Accredit Conformity Assessment

Bodies
Conformity assessment bodies: testing & calibration
labs, inspection bodies, certification bodies and

Governed by Standards of Malaysia Act 1996

(Act 549)
Amendment gazetted on April 2012

17

ISO Strategic Advisory

Group on Environment (SAGE)

Established in August 1991

Composed of environmental policy experts from 24 countries to

assess the need for international environmental standards and to
recommend an overall strategic plan for their development.

Recommended the formation of an ISO Technical Committee

(ISO/TC) to develop international environmental standards that
provide for a common approach to environmental management
similar to quality management, improve systems and
techniques and measure improvements in environmental
performance & facilitate trade and remove trade barriers
through their use.

environmental
management systems

environmental
auditing

environmental
performance
evaluation

Six (6) Group Under SAGE

environmental
labeling

life cycle analysis

guide for environmental

aspects in product
standards

ISO Technical Committee (ISO/TC)

207 - Environmental management
i.

Establish in June 1993

ii.

Consist of 6 Sub-Committee

iii. Main scope: standardization in the field of

environmental management systems and tools in
support of sustainable development
iv. Global participation:

P-Member - 84 Countries (including Malaysia)

O-Member 16 Countries
Secrtariat - Canada

ISO/TC 207 Sub-committies

No.

ii.
iii.
iv.

SubCommittee
SC 1
SC 2
SC 3
SC 4

v.
vi

SC 5
SC 6

i.

Title
Environmental Management Systems

Environmental Auditing
Environmental Labelling
Environmental Performance
Evaluation
Life Cycle Analysis
Terms and Definitions

84 member
countries joined
ISO/TC 207
including
Malaysia through
Department of
Standards
Malaysia

Scope of ISO/TC 207s work

i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.

Environmental management systems

Environmental auditing and related
Environmental investigations
Environmental performance evaluation
Environmental labelling
Life cycle assessment
Environmental communication
Environmental aspects of product design and
development
ix. Environmental aspects in product standards
x. Terms and definitions
xi. Greenhouse gas management and related activities
xii. Measuring the carbon footprint of products

Quick Review..
i.

List four (4) benefits of using standards?

ii. List five (5) scope of work for ISO/TC 207?

iii. Which department represent Malaysia as

National Standard Body at ISO level?
iv. List six (6) group establish under SAGE?