ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

It has been a real privilege to be a post graduate student in ECE Dept., at B V RAJU
INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, Narsapur. My experience here has been full of opportunities
to learn from a faculty with a wide and deep expertise in engineering. I would like to directly
thank those people in the department who were particularly instrumental in contributing to my
experience at BVRIT.

I would like to express my deep sense of gratitude to my Supervisor R. Anirudh Reddy,

Assistant Professor, Department of ECE, BVRIT, for his guidance over the thesis and showing
a kind interest on me regarding the thesis work, presentations and efficient interaction. And for
providing all the required facilities, guidance, motivation, support co-operation and constant
encouragement to complete the project successfully.

I am very much grateful to Dr. I. A. PASHA, Professor& Head of the ECE Dept. for
his inspiring guidance and support throughout my project.

I am grateful towards our college management and our beloved Principal Dr. Ch.
Venkateshwarlu, for providing us the necessary infrastructure and facilities that ensure smooth
and satisfactory execution of the project.

I would like to express my sincere thanks to the Faculty and Non-Teaching staff members
of ECE Department, BVRIT, who extended their help to me in making my project successful.

R Ratnam Raja
14211D5520

ABSTRACT
In order to mitigate overheated interior of a vehicle parked in the hot summer sun and
thereby to make the entering into the vehicle more comfortable, microcontroller managed
module for automatic ventilation of vehicle interior is made. The module is implemented using a
microcontroller as a central logical unit and a series of sensors which provide sufficient data to
ensure functional, but also efficient, reliable and safe ventilation. The ventilation process is
performed by opening vehicle windows slightly, which enables air to circulate. Microcontroller
controls the position of the windows autonomously and independently of the drivers presence,
following predefined algorithm that uses sensors data obtained from the vehicles surroundings.
Besides temperature, the most important factors to ensure quality implementation of ventilation
are detected movements around the vehicle, the presence of precipitation and other. This paper
shows the components, their purpose and capabilities, advantages and disadvantages, as well as
potential implementations and upgrades. The test results give insight into utilization options of
this module and its usefulness.
The module's task is to control the ventilation process autonomously in order to facilitate vehicle
utilization, i.e. providing conditions to make the entering into the vehicle parked in the sun more
comfortable. In order to meet all the criteria of quality ventilation, the module has to collect
enough data from the vehicle's immediate environment and, based on that data, it has to decide
whether it is necessary to lower the windows and thus start the ventilation process. Accordingly,
the module can be divided to three logical units: peripheral unit - collects data, control unit manages module operations, and switching unit adjusts signals. This project uses regulated 5V,
750mA power supply. 7805 three terminal voltage regulator is used for voltage regulation.
Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to rectify the ac output of secondary of 230/18V step down
transformer.

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 3.1

Block diagram

Figure 3.2

Module Architecture

Figure 3.3

Temperature Sensor

Figure 3.4

Precipitation Sensor

10

Figure 3.5

Light Sensor

11

Figure 3.6

LCD Display

25

Figure 3.7

L298 Stepper Motor Driver

28

Figure 3.8

Stepper Motor

29

Figure 3.9

Stepper Motor Mechanism

30

Figure 4.1

OSTaskCreate() initializes the tasks TCB and stack

42

Figure 4.2

Tasks interact with resources

43

Figure 5.1

IAR Embedded Workbench Welcome Screen

49

Figure 5.2

IAR Embedded workbench window

50

Figure 5.3

IAR JTAG Debugger working window

52

Figure 5.4

Development Cycle

53

Figure 5.5

STM32F4 high-performance discovery board

55

Figure 6.1

Flow Chart

59

Figure 8.1

Simulator Showing Results

64

Figure 8.2

Project Hardware

64

Figure 8.3

LCD Showing Results based on the temperature

65

LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1

LCD Pin Configuration

26

Table 4.1

Timer API Summary

48

CERTIFICATE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

II

ABSTRACT

III

LIST OF FIGURES

IV

LIST OF TABLES

CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION

2. LITERATURE SURVEY

3. EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS

3.1 Block diagram

3.2 Module Architecture

3.2.1 Peripheral Unit

3.2.1.1 Temperature Sensor

3.2.1.2 Precipitation Sensor

3.2.1.3 Motion Sensor

10

3.2.1.4 Light Sensor

11

3.2.1.5 Position Sensors

12

3.2.2 Control Unit

12

3.2.3 Switching Unit

13

3.2.4 Other Units

14

3.2 Hardware Components

14

3.2.1 ARM CORTEX M4

14

3.2.2 LCD Display

25

3.2.3 STEPPER MOTOR

27

3.2.4 SENSORS

31

4. MICROCONTROLLER PROGRAMMING

32

4.1 RTOS

32

4.2 TASK MANAGEMENT

37

4.3 INTERRUPT MANAGEMENT

46

4.4 TIMER MANAGEMENT

47

5. EXEPERIMENTAL TOOLS

49

5.1 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

49

5.2 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

54

6. ALGORITHM

58

7. TEST RESULTS

60

8. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

66

9. REFERENCES

67