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NAMA

: YOSUA PARLINDUNGAN

NIM

: 083001300022

ECOLOGY PERKOTAAN

DEFINITION OF ECOSYSTEM
No

Definisi
An ecosystem is a community of
organisms interacting with each
other and with their environment
such that energy is exchanged
and system-level processes, such
as the cycling of elements,
emerge.
An ecosystem includes all of the
living things (plants, animals and
organisms) in a given area,
interacting with each other, and
also with their non-living
environments (weather, earth,
sun, soil, climate, atmosphere).

An ecosystem is an assemblage
of organism living together and
interacting with each other and
their environment. An element of
biodiversity and biogeochemical
time stability is implied,
although dimensions are
optional, ranging from the
biosphere subset, the biome, to
perhaps a field or pond.

The ecosystem is a core concept


in Biology and Ecology, serving
as the level of biological

Kata kunci

Komunitas,
interaksi,
Organisme,
Lingkungan

Tumbuhan,
Hewan,
Organisme,
interaksi

Interaksi,
Organisme,
lingkungan

ekologi,
interaksi,
organisme,

Kata kunci
utama

INTERAKSI,
ORGANISME,
LINGKUNGA
N

Sumber
http://www.eoearth
.org/view/article/1
52248/.
Diambil : 25 maret
2016
http://eschooltoday
.com/ecosystems/
what-is-anecosystem.html
Diambil : 25 maret
2016
Erik Jrgensen,
Sven(ed).
Ecosystem
Ecology.
https://books.googl
e.co.id/books?
id=aLjEvwWmOEC&
printsec=frontcove
r&source=gbs_ge_
summary_r&cad=
0#v=onepage&q=e
cosystem
%20is&f=false
Diambil : 25 maret
2016
Ellis, Erle (Au).
Duffy, J. Emmett.
(2014).

organization in which organisms


interact simultaneously with each
other and with their environment.
As such, ecosystems are a level
above that of the ecological
community (organisms of
lingkungan,
different species interacting with
komunitas
each other) but are at a level
below, or equal to, biomes and
the biosphere. Essentially,
biomes are regional ecosystems,
and the biosphere is the largest of
all possible ecosystems.

An ecosystem consists of the


biological community that occurs
in some locale, and the physical
Komunitas,
and chemical factors that make
lingkungan
up its non living or abiotic
environment.

An ecosystem is a community of
living things interacting with
nonliving things

Makhluk hidup,
makhluk tidak
hodup,
Komunitas,
interaksi

Ecosystem is a dynamic
community comprising
populations of plants, animals,
microorganisms and the
nonliving environment
interacting together as a
functional unit. Environmental
factors, such as soil type,
position in the landscape, climate
and water availability,determine
the presence and distribution of
ecosystems.

Komunitas,
populasi,
interaksi

An ecosystem consists of an
assembly of mutually interacting
organisms and their environment

Interaksi,
organisme,
lingkungan,

Ecosystem.
http://www.eoearth
.org/view/article/1
52248/
Diambil : 25 maret
2016

http://www.globalc
hange.umich.edu/g
lobalchange1/curre
nt/lectures/kling/ec
osystem/ecosystem
.html
Diambil : 25 maret
2016
http://sciencenetlin
ks.com/lessons/urb
an-ecosystems-1/
Diambil : 25 maret
2016
Garrett, P. 2009.
Ecosystem
Services: Key
Concepts and
Application.
Australia:
Departement of
The Environment,
Water, Heritage
and The Arts.
Diambil : 25 maret
2016
Lecture 4.
Ecosystems:
Definition,

in which materials are


interchanged in a largely cyclical
manner. An ecosystem has
physical, chemical, and
biological components along
fisik, komponen
with energy sources and
biologi, habitat
pathways of energy and materials
interchange. The environment in
which a particular organism lives
is called its habitat.

10

Ecosystem is the living


community of plants and animals
in any area together with the
non-living components of the
environment such as soil, air and
water, constitute the ecosystem.

Komunitas
hidup,
lingkungan

An ecosystem is the ecological


unit consisting of biotic factors
(living) and abiotic factors (nonliving) in a specific area.

Faktor biotik,
faktor abiotik

concept, structure
and functions.
http://agridr.in/tna
uEAgri/eagri50/E
NVS302/pdf/lec04
.pdf
Diambil : 25 maret
2016
http://www.ugc.ac.
in/oldpdf/mod
elcurriculum/Chap
ter3.pdf
Diambil : 25 maret
2016
http://www.newag
epublishers.com/sa
mplechapter/00177
3.pdf
Diambil : 25 maret
2016

KESIMPULAN
Ekosistem adalah suatu sistem yang terbentuk akibat hubungan timbal balik antara makhluk
hidup (biotik) dengan lingkungannya (abiotik). Kedua komponen ini saling mempengaruhi
satu sama lain.

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