BULETINUL INSTITUTULUI POLITEHNIC DIN IAI

Publicat de
Universitatea Tehnic Gheorghe Asachi din Iai,
Tomul LVI (LX), Fasc. 4A, 2010
Secia
CONSTRUCII DE MAINI

FREE ANGLE OF MISALIGNELENT IN BALL BEARINGS

BY

REZMIRE DANIEL*, BOCNE VASILE*, MONFARDINI ALFREDO**,

RACOCEA CRISTINA***, RACOCEA CEZAR***

Abstract: The paper presents a mathematical model for the free angle of
misalignment computation in single row ball bearings with 2, 3 or 4 contact points.

Key words: free angle of misalignment, diametrical clearance, 2, 3 or 4 point, contact

ball bearings

1. Introduction

The diametric clearance produces a free angle of misalignment that may

or not may be tolerable to the bearing users. The producers of the excavators
machines and cranes imposes sometimes in projects a maximum values for the
free angle of misalignments. The free angle of misalignment is defined as the
maximum angle through which the axis of inner ring can be rotated with respect
to the axis of outer ring before stressing bearing components [1]. The
mathematical model presented by Harris in [1] for the Free Contact Angle of
Misalignment (FCAM) is used for the two point contact ball bearings. This
model does not give a fine solution and tell to users only that Note how small
the free angle of misalignment is. If that observation can easily be passed for
small bearings, for the large ball bearings this parameter cannot be ignored
because it have effect in the tilting rigidity parameters. This parameters is
indicated also [3,4] and requested from users as Neuson excavator constructors
[5] or crane constructor as Terex-DEMAG for example [6].
160 Daniel Rezmire, Vasile Bocne, Alfredo Monfardini, Cristina Racocea and Cezar Racocea

2. Mathematical model

To compute FCAM the following parameters were introduced:

ue, ui : are the shim angle of the outer and inner raceways
fe, fi : the conformities of the bearing raceways corresponding to outer
and inner ring respectively
dm : the pitch diameter;
dw : the ball diameter
Jd : diametrical clearance
According to [2] we compute the x parameter as x=(fi-0.5)/(fi+fe-1)
and results the local repartition of the diametrical clearance at the ball-raceways
contact.
Using x parameter results:
for ball - outer ring level will have (1-x)*Jd/2
for ball - inner ring level x*Jd/2
Figure 1 shows the geometrical parameters used for the local FCAM =
rotE, at the ball-outer raceway(s) interface, when x=0.5. Figure 2. shows the
elements used to compute the inner FCAM= rotI, when x=0.5

Fig. 1 - Elements uses to compute the Fig. 2. Elements uses to calculate the
rotE angle rotI angle

The loi and loe parameters form the two figures are :
loi=Dw.(fi-0.5)
loe=Dw.(fe-0.5)

With all these observations to compute rotE and rotI parameters two
nonlinear equations have to be solved as follows:
 Bul. Inst. Polit. Iai, t. LVI (LX), f. 4A, 2010 161

For the rotE parameters, according to Fig.1:

B=loe.sin(ue);
A=loe.cos(ue)-Jd/4
C=dm/2-A
RE=(B2+C2)0.5
UE=atan(B/C)
E(rotE)=B+RE.[sin(UE+rotE)-sin(UE)]
F(rotE)=A+RE[cos(UE)-cos(UE+rotE)]

(1) 0=E2(rotE)+ F2(rotE)-loe2

For the rotI parameter, according to Fig.2

B=loi.sin(ui);
A=loi.cos(ui)-Jd/4
C=dm/2+A
RI=(B2+C2)0.5
UI=atan(B/C)
E(rotI)=B+RI.[sin(UI+rotI)-sin(UI)]
F(rotI)=A+RI[cos(UI)-cos(UI+rotI)]

(2) 0=E2(rotI)+ F2(rotI)-loe2

For a deep grove radial ball bearings, when the shim angle is
nil, the B parameter become 0. Also UE, UI are nil and the solutions to
equations Eq.1 and Eq2 are given by equations Eq.3 and Eq.4 as follows:

dm 2 2.dm.loe + 2.dm.loe 4.loe.Jd 4 + 2.Jd 4 2

(3) rotE = a cos
dm.(dm 2.loe + 2 Jd 4.dm )

dm 2 + 6.dm.loi 6.dm.Jd 4 + 8.loi 2 20.loi.Jd 4 + 10.Jd 4 2

(4) rotI = a cos
dm + 6.dm.loi 6.dm.Jd 4 + 8.loi 16.loi.Jd 4 + 8.Jd 4
2 2 2

The two parameters rotE and rotI are useful also to establish the initial
solutions for the ball bearing quasi-static analysis.

5. Conclusion

The Free Contact Angle of Misalignment (FCAM) is computed for all

type of single row ball bearings even the bearing has 2, 3 or 4 contact points. If
the FCAM is requested and the external load is indicated it is possible to
calculate the internal bearing geometry to guarantee a good quality working
162 Daniel Rezmire, Vasile Bocne, Alfredo Monfardini, Cristina Racocea and Cezar Racocea

conditions. The computer mode can easily extended to double row ball
bearings. For large ball bearings the axial clearance is not to facile to be
measured but the FCAM parameter can be easy estimated in the bearing factory.

Received May 03th 2010 * S.C Sirca S.A. Piatra Neamt

** S.C. Rima Spa - Italy
*** Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iai
e-mail: cracocea@netscape.net

REFERENCES

1. H a r r i s T.A., Rolling Bearing Analysis, 4th Ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York,
2001.
2. R e z m i r e s D., Theoretical and Experimental Research Regarding the Dynamics of
Spherical Roller Bearings, PhD Thesis, Gh. Asachi Technical University of Iasi, 2003,
(http://daniel-rezmires.tripod.com).
3. Official web page of Rima Spa company Cuscinetti di base Catalogo generale
(2010), http://www.rimaspa.com/.
4. Official web page of SC. Sirca S.A company Slewing Rings General Catalogue
(2010), http://www.sirca.com.ro/.
5. Official site of Neuson company http://wackerneuson.com/de-index.php?ref=1.
6. Official site of Terex Demag company http://www.terexcranes.com/en/

UNGHIUL LIBER DE INCLINARE

Lucrarea prezint o modalitate de calcul al unghiului liber de inclinare n

rulmenii cu 2, 3 si 4 puncte de contact dispune pe un singur rnd. La rulmeni de mari
dimensiuni msurarea jocului axial este greu de realizat si de aceea se apeleaz la o
soluie alternativa bazata pe determinarea unghiului liber de nclinarea reciproca a
inelelor. Valoarea acestui unghi reprezint totodat si valoarea se start a curbei de
rigiditate de rsturnare a rulmentului. Mrirea acestui unghi in raport cu valoarea sa
iniial este de asemenea utila la aprecierea gradului de uzura a cailor de rulare.