Internet

Introduction
One of the greatest things about internet is that nobody really owns it. It is a global
collection of networks both big and small. The networks connect together in many
different ways to form the single entity that we know as the internet.
Since its beginning in 1960s, the internet has grown from four host computers to tens of
millions.
However, just because nobody owns the internet, it doesnt mean it is not monitored and
maintained in 1992, oversees the information of policies and protocols that define how
and how interact with the internet
The internet carries an extensive range of information resources and services, such as
the interlinked hypertext documents and applications of the World Wide Web (WWW),
electronic mail, newsgroups, voice over IP telephony, and peer-to-peer networks for file
sharing.
The origins of the internet sate back to research commissioned by the United States
federal government in the 1960s to build robust, fault-tolerant communication via
computer networks.
Internet use grew rapidly in the west from the mid-1990s and from the late1990s in the
developing world. In the 20 years since 1995, internet use has grown 100 times,
measured for the period of one year, to over one third of the world population.
(Minimarts marketing Group 30 June 2012)
Most traditional communication media, including telephony, radio, television, paper mail
and newspapers as being reshaped or redefined by the internet, giving birth to new
services such as email, internet telephony, internet television music, digital newspaper
and
video
streaming
websites.
The internet has enabled and accelerated new forms of personal interactions through in
messaging internet forms, and social networking. Online shopping has grown
exponential both for major retailers, small business and entrepreneurs, as it enable
firms to extend their bricks and presence to serve a large market or even sell goods and
financial services on the internet affect supply chains across entire industries.
Government
The internet is a global network comprising many voluntarily interconnected
autonomous networks. It operates without a central governing force (IETF). A nonprofile organization of loosely affiliated international participants that anyone may
associate with by contributing technical expertise. To maintain interoperability,
the principal name spaces of the internet are administered by the internet
corporation for assigned names and numbers (ICANN). ICANN is governed by
an international board of director drawn from across the internet technical,
business, academic and other non-commercial communities.
Infrastructure

The communications infrastructure of the internet consisted of its hardware components

and a system of software layers that control various aspects of the architecture.
Routing and service
Internet service providers establish the worldwide connectivity between individual
networks a various levels of scope. End-users, who only access the internet when
needed to perform a function or obtain information, represent the bottom of the routing
hierarchy. at the top of the routing hierarchy are the large telecommunication companies
that exchange traffic directly with each other via peering agreements.
Access
Common method of internet access by users include dial-up with a computer modem
via telephone circuits, broadband over coaxial cable, fiber optics or copper wires, WI-FI
satellite and cellular telephone technology. The internet may often be accessed from
computers in libraries and internet cafes.
Grassroots efforts have let to wireless community network commercial WI-FI services
covering large city like in New York, London, Vienna, Toronto, San Francisco,
Philadelphia, Chicago and Pittsburgh. The internet can then be accessed from such
places as a park bench. A part from WI-FI, there have been experiments with
proprietary mobile wireless network like Ricochet, various high-speed data services
over cellular phone networks, and fixed wireless services. (Bloomberg Retrieved 8
August 2011)
The WAY IN WHICH THE INTERNET IS BEING USED

Communication

Email is an important communication service available on the internet. The concept of

sending electronic text messages between parties in a way analogous to mailing letter
or memos predates, the creation of the internet, picture, documents, and other files are
sent as email attachment.

Research

Has been placed next is research. In order to do research, you need to go through
hundreds of books as well as the references and that was one of the most difficult jobs
to do earlier. Since the internet came into life, everything is available just a click away.
You just have to search for the concerned topic and you will get hundreds of references
that may be beneficial for your research. And since internet is here to make your
research public, you can then benefit a large amount of people from the research work
that you have done. Research process has now got wings and gained the most due to
the internet.

Education

Education is one of the best things that the internet can provide. There are a number of
books, reference books, online help centers, experts views and other study oriented
material on the internet that can make the learning process very easier as well as a fun
learning experience. There are lots of websites which are related to different topic. You
can visit them and can gain endless amount of knowledge that you wish to have. With
the use of internet for education, you are non-longer dependent on some other person
to come can learn so many things very easily. There cant be any excellent use of the
internet other than education as it is the key to achieve everything in life.

Financial Transaction

Financial transaction is a term which is used when there is exchange of money. With the
use of internet in the financial transaction, your work has become a lot easier. Now you
dont need to stand in the queue at the branch of your particular bank rather you can
just log in on to the bank website with the credential that has been provided to you by
the bank and then can do any transaction related to finance at your will. With the ability
to do the financial transaction easily over the internet you can purchase or sell items so
easily. Financial transaction can be considered as one of the best uses of resource in
the right direction.

Real Time Update

This has been mentioned here in regards to the news and other happenings that maybe
on-going in different parts of the world but with the use of internet we come to know
about it very easily and without any difficulty. There are various websites on the internet
which provides you with the real time updates in every field be it in business, sports,
finance, politics, entertainment and others. Many a time the decisions are taken on the
real time updates that are happening in various parts of the world and this is where
internet is very essential and helpful.

Download

It is hard to find an internet user, who has not used it to download music and movies.
Apart from it, there are lots of other things that can be downloaded using internet as
well.

Book Tickets

Online booking has made things really easy. Be it a movie ticket or flight ticket, you can
book just about anything using internet. The process is very easy, convenient and
super-fast.

Shop online

The use of internet is not limited merely to booking tickets. With help of net, you can do
a full-fledged online shopping. On popular e-store like EBay, Amazon and so on, one
can find almost anything that he needs to buy. These e-stores are reliable and you can
find quality products at most competitive rates on them; and all this can be done without
even stepping out of your home.

Make Friends

One of the best things about internet is that is has made communication very easy and
convenient. World is a small place now and one can get connected to just about any
part of the world without any problem. There are many sites and forums a net, where
you can find likeminded people and make friends with them. All this is possible only due
to interne.

Preventing Suicides

While you probably have heard stories about cyber-bullies publishing someone to
commit suicide, there are also tons of stories about depressed people deciding not to
kill themselves after talking to someone online whom they never even met. Unifornately,
we dont hear about these cases nearly as often.
Despite all the trash talking in online gaming sessions, there is also a real sense of
camaraderie and friendship. In one case, a teenager from Ontario called the police after
one of his gaming buddies in Texas said he was thinking of ending it all. An officer came
to the Ontario boys house and talked to the other teen over Xbox Live until he was able
to earn the trust of suicidal boy. Eventually, he convinced the teen in Texas to let him
speak to his father, who reported that he had no idea his son was feeling that way and
would do whatever it took to help his son get through this difficult time.
There are major online communities developed to help people in need. Reddits Suicide
watch has over 10,000 subscribers, many of whom offer valuable advice and help for
those looking to end it all. And the It Gets Better project has helped thousands of
students who have been bullied due to their sexual orientation.

Helping Victims of Crime

Sometimes crime victims have found the net to be the best way to ask for help as well.
In the late 2011, a woman and her one-year-old were being prisoner by ex-husband.
While she was unable to use the phone during the entire ordeal, she was able to post a
plea for help on authorities, who found the victim and her child severely beaten, but
alive, after four days of starvation and torture. Their tormentor was quickly arrested and
charged with aggravated kidnapping, aggravated assault, domestic violence, child
abuse, forcible sodomy, animal cruelty and more.
Advantages and disadvantages of internet
Advantages

Unlimited Communication

The internet has made it easy for people to communicate with others because it is
cheap and convenient. The only costs incurred are those paid to the internet service
provider. If you want to talk to someone who is in another part of the globe, you can just
fire up Skype or any other commination app and hold a video chat.

Services such as Skye have helped people from geographically segmented countries to
interact and share ideas. As such, people are able to share their thoughts and views on
matters affection the globe. The internet acts as common global platform where people
explore ideologies and cultures without limitation.

Abundant Information and Resources

The internet is swamped with information about anything and everything. There are
multiple search engines that have made it easier for internet users to find information.
For example, it is now common for people to look for free advice from the internet on all
sorts of issues. The premise here is that whatever problem you are experiencing,
someone somewhere has experienced it and probably solve it.
You can also get the latest news, breakthroughs in fields including medicine and even
research publications at the click of a button. The internet is basically globally
accessible repository of knowledge, and the best part is everyone gets to chip in.

Easy Sharing

Thanks to the internet, sharing information is fast and seamless. If you want to tell your
20 friends about your latest promotion, you can do so in an instant. You can use social
media sites such as Facebook or IM app. They will get the news at the same time. You
can also share music, video and any other file.

Online Services and E-commence

Today it is possible to carry out financial transactions online. You can transfer funds, pay
taxes and utility bills or book movies tickets over the internet in the comfort of your office
or home.
The growth of e-commerce has made it possible for people to shop for most things
online. This has seen the emergence of retail giants such as Amazon, EBay and
Alibaba. They sell consumer goods globally. Such a feat was virtually impossible before
the internet.

Entertainment

This is one of the major reasons why many people enjoy surfing the internet
entertainment. You can watch movies, listen to music, read your favorite celebrity gossip
columns and play games over the internet, the internet has become a mammoth
amusement park that never closes.
Disadvantages

Spam Mail

Spamming is the sending of unwanted and useless emails to random people. These
emails obstruct the recipient needlessly. They are illegal and can cause frustration
because they make it hard for people to access their email accounts. Bots are used to

bombard your inbox with endless advertisements. This is quite perplexing as it always
gets mixed up with important emails. Luckily, most email service providers have a
security system I place to present spam emails from going to your inbox, all emails that
are deemed suspicious get their email ID or IP address blocked or sent to the Spam
folder.

Virus, Trojan & Other Malware

These are malicious programs that plague the internet time and again. They attack a
computer with the sole intent of causing harm. They can make the computer
malfunction or even this can be very costly especially if you lose important data. Worse
yet is the fact that you can easily fall victim to malicious software by clicking on a link on
the internet that appears genuine. Internet viruses can be categorized to three types
those that harm your executable boot files and system, those that affect a specific file by
destroying it and those that keep changing things in your computer like Word files. You
can protect yourself by installing a reliable anti-virus program on your computer before
accessing the internet.

Leakage of Private Information

The fact that the internet has become a market place has also seen a rise in fraud
cases. Credit/debit card details are particularly vulnerable. This calls for extreme caution
when transaction online. Make sure to use a reliable payment processor instead of
sending your details directly to an individual or business.

Addiction to internet

Just like everything else, people also get addicted to the internet. This may sound
bizarre, but some people spend more than their fair amount of time on the internet. This
affects their social interactions a great deal. Internet addiction has been known to be a
major cause of obesity and has, in some cases, led to some diseases like carpal tunnel
syndrome. With some help, people addicted to the internet can overcome this
challenge.

Kids Exposed to Adults-only content

The fact internet has all information you could ever need is both a good thing and a bad
thing. This is because it contains age-inappropriate content like pornography.
Unfortunately, such content can do about it is lock out harmful sites to keep their
children safe. Nevertheless, this is not a full proof strategy as children can still access
the internet from other devices.
Different People Use Internet in Different Ways
Percent
Men are more likely than women to do these
Online men
activities online

Percent
Online women

Get news

77%

66%

Buy travel services or make reservation

60

51

Check sports scores and information

59

27

Get political news

57

42

Participate in online auction

28

18

Create content for the internet

25

16

Download music files

18

11

Buy/sell stocks, bonds, mutual funds

16

Women are more likely than men to do

Online women Online men
these activities online
Get health information

85

75

Get spiritual and religious information

73

56

Use support-group Web sites

63

46

Online whites

Online minorities

Buy a product

63

53

Participate in online auction

24

16

Online whites are more likely

minorities to do these activities

than

African-Americans are more likely than

Online blacks
whites to do these activities online

Online whites

Do research for school or job training

71

58

Look for information about a new job

61

38

Listen to music online

46

30

Download music files

25

13

Hispanics are more likely than nonOnline

Hispanic whites to do these activities
Hispanics
online

Online whites

Look for new job information

61

38

Listen to music online

46

30

Young internet users (ages 18-29) are more

Young
likely than others to do these activities
Those 30+
internet users
online

Research for school or job training

76

48

Look for new job information

65

31

Use instant messaging

59

33

Listen to music online

53

27

Look up sports scores and information

51

37

Look for information about a place to live

43

27

Download music files

28

11

Share files from my computer

27

17

Log on using a wireless device

26

13

Using dating Web sites

16

Online seniors (65+) are more likely than Online

young internet users to do this online
seniors

Those 1829

Use email

91

96

Online middle-aged (3064) are more likely Online

than the young or seniors to do this online middle-aged

Younger and older

internet users

Research a product or service

81

71

Look for health and medical information

70

57

Do work-related research

56

38