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TECHNIQUES
CALCULATOR
101
Mode 1:
COMP
(Computation)
Mode 2 :
CMPLX
(Complex)
PRESS:
[ SHIFT ] [ 2]
OPTIONS (after pressing):
[ 1 ] ARG (ARGUMENT)
[ 2] CONJG (CONJUGATE)
[3]r
[ 4 ] a + bi
Mode 3 : STAT
(Statistics)
Mode 5 : EQN
(Equations)
Mode 6:
MATRIX
[ SHIFT ] [ 4]
OPTIONS (after pressing):
[ 1 ] DIM (Dimension)
[ 2] DATA
[ 3 ] MATRIX A
[ 4 ] - MATRIX B
[ 5 ] MATRIX C
[ 6 ] MatAns (Matrix Answer)
[ 7 ] Det (Determinant)
[ 8 ] Trn (Transpose)
Mode 7:
TABLE
Mode 8:
VECTOR
PRESS:
[ SHIFT ] [ 5]
OPTIONS (after pressing):
[ 1 ] DIM (Dimension)
[ 2] DATA
[ 3 ] VECTOR A
[ 4 ] VECTOR B
[ 5 ] VECTOR C
[ 6 ] VctAns (Vector Answer)
[ 7 ] DOT
Configuring
Your
Calculators
SETUP
[ SHIFT ] [ MODE ]
1st OPTIONS ( after pressing)
[ 1 ] MthIO
[ 3 ] Deg
[ 5 ] Gra
[ 7 ] Sci
[ 2] - LineIO
[ 4 ] Rad
[ 6 ] Fix
[ 8 ] Norm
[ 2 ] d/c
[ 4 ] - STAT
[ 6 ] - Contrast
CALCULATOR
TECHNIQUES
SEMICOLON
:
Solution:
= M/V ,
V = AL
A = (D2)
CALCULUS
LIMITS
Evaluate the Limits:
1.
+
lim
+
Calculator Technique:
Input:
+
+
in your calculator
Enter: [ CALC ]
Display:
X?
Input:
3.00001 or 2.99999
Enter: [ = ]
SECOND DERIVATIVE
Evaluate the Limits:
2. lim
Answer: or 0.5
Calculator Technique:
Input:
in your calculator
+
Enter: [ CALC ]
Display:
X?
Input:
1,000,000
Enter: [ = ]
Substitute value of y to S:
S = 2x2 + 2x(576.56/ x2)
Calculator Technique:
Enter: [ MODE ] [ 7 ]
Display: f(x)=
Input:2x2 + 2x(576.56/ x2)
Enter: [ = ]
Display: Start?
Enter: [ 1 ] [ = ]
Display: End?
Enter: [ 10 ] [ = ]
Display: Step?
Enter: [ 1 ] [ = ]
Display:
X
F(X)
1159.4
601.59
440.92
388.81
387.7
418.38
472.6
SECOND DERIVATIVE
Find the second derivative of y = x(x+1)3 when x = 1.
Solution:
We know that
=
y =
+ ()
Thus;
Calculator Technique:
Enter: [ SHIFT ] [
]
Display:
d/dx()I X=
Input: x(x+1)3 and x = 1
Enter: [ = ]
Output: 20
Enter: [ = ]
y = 36.000021 or 36
ENGINEERING
ECONOMY
COMPOUND INTEREST
At what interest rate, compounded quarterly, will an investment double in 5yrs?
Solution:
Note: Assume money = Y = 1
Enter: [ MODE ] [ 3 ] [ 6 ] STAT MODE Exponential Regression AB
X(time)
Y(Money)
20
Enter: [ AC ]
Enter: [ SHIFT ] [ 1 ] [ 5 ] [ 2 ] [ = ]
Result:
B = 1.035264924
The Interest here is
i = (1.035264924 1) x 4 = 14.105%
COMPOUND INTEREST
If the rate of interest is 7% per annum, compounded continuously, after how many
years will a deposit be tripled?
Solution:
Note: Assume money = Y = 1
Y(Money)
1.0725
Enter: [ AC ]
Enter: [ 3 ] - [ SHIFT ] [ 1 ] [ 5 ] [ 4 ] [ = ]
Result:
^
3X
= 15.69 years = 15.7 years
Y = AeBX
ANNUITY PROBLEM
A man wants to buy a car by paying a downpayment of P 100,000 and the balance to be
Paid monthly for 5 years at 18%. What is the monthly payment if the cost of the car is
P 600,000?
Solution:
Note: 18% effective is 18%/12 = 1.5% monthly = i
The equation of ANNUITY can be modelled in
F=
=? (+ )
=
= (+. )
=
= (+. )
=
= (+. )
Input: =
=
(+. )
Enter: [ = ]
Output:
=
= (+. )
= 39.38026899
500000 = A (39.38026899)
A = P 12,696.71371 monthly
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
PRESS
[ SHIFT ] [ - ]
[ SHIFT ] [ - ]
Display:
Pol(4,7)
Press [ = ] Display: r = 8.062257748
= 60.2551187
COMPONENT OF A 2D FORCE
Example.
In the figure shown, Find the x and y component of
the force F if F = 4000N and = 32.3o
Solution:
Applying the RIGHT ANGLE TECHNIQUE
Let: r = 4000N and = 32.3o
Input:
[ SHIFT ] [ - ] [SHIFT] [ 4000 ] [SHIFT] [ ( ]
[ 32.3 ] [ ) ]
PRESS:
[ SHIFT ] [ + ]
[ SHIFT ] [ - ]
Display:
Rec(4000,32.3)
Fx
Fy
MODE 2: COMPLEX
Argand Diagram (Complex Plane)
Similarly with Cartesian Coordinate Plane the
Complex Plane has the following forms too;
MODE 2: COMPLEX
NOTE:
All angles () must be referred from the x-axis.
1st Quadrant: As is
2nd Quadrant: 180 Angle
3rd Quadrant: 180 + Angle
4th Quadrant: - Angle or 360 angle
Where:
Angle is solved by either the RIGHT ANGLE
TECHNIQUE or tan-1 (slope)
COMPONENTS OF A 2D FORCE
Example.
In the figure shown, Find the x and y component of
the force F if F = 4000N and = 32.3o
Solution: Applying Complex Mode
Let: r = 4000N and = 32.3o
Press [ = ]
Display: 3381.047333 + 2137.409398i
a = 3381.047333
Fx
b = 2137.409398
Fy
Ix = 2.461m
Iy = 5.34m
x-intercept
y-intercept
1
2
a
4/5
3/5
b
-12/13
-5/13
c
-80
20
Freq
80
120
-1
20
240
6
-1
Enter: [ AC ] [ SHIFT ] [ 1 ] [ 3 ] [ 5 ]
Output: = -1940 kN-m
Mo = C 1940 = -500
C = 1440 kN-m
COMPONENTS OF A 3D FORCE
Example.
In the figure shown, Find the x, y and z component of the force F if
F = 100N and passes from point A(0,0,0) to the point B(3,4,5). Its
direction cosines and the angle that it makes with the coordinate axes.
Solution:
Enter: [ MODE ] [ 8 ] [ 1 ] [ 1 ] VECTOR MODE 3D
Input: [ 3 4 5] Press: [ AC ]
VECTOR DIFFERENCE BET. B & A
To get direction cosines or unit vector:
Enter: [ SHIFT ] [ 5 ] [ 3 ] [ ] [ SHIFT ] [ HYP ]
[ SHIFT ] [ 5 ] [ 3 ] [ = ]
Display: VctA Abs(VctA)
Output: [ 0.42426 0.56568 0.70711 ]
To get the components:
Enter: [ x ] [ 100 ] [ = ]
Display: [ 42.426 55.568
Fx = 42.426 N
Fy = 55.568 N
Fz = 70.711 N
70.711 ]
To get the angles it makes with the coordinate axes just take the inverse
cosine of the direction cosines above.
(3, 4, 2)
(4, 1, -2)
(2, -3, 3)
Enter: [ MODE ] [ 8 ] [ 1 ]
Input: [ 3
4
2 ] for VctA
Enter: [ AC ]
Enter: [ SHIFT ] [ 5 ] [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [1 ]
Input: [ 4
1
-2 ] for VctB
Enter: [ AC ]
Enter: [ SHIFT ] [ 5 ] [ 1 ] [ 3 ] [ 1 ]
Input: [ 2
-3
3 ] for VctC
Enter [ AC ]
To get the COMPONENTS:
36.203
62.121 ]
Rx = 142. 913 kN
Ry = 36.203 kN
Rz = 62.121 kN
This Vector is automatically stored to VctAns
Input: Abs(VctAns)
Enter: [ = ]
Output:
R = 159.3378 kN
Input: VctAns Abs(VctAns)
Enter: [ = ]
Output: [ 0.8924
0.2272
0.3898 ]
STAT MODE
] [ 4 ] [ 1 ] Frequency ON
Freq
-6
70
-6
64
72
Resultant, R = 286 lb
0
0
80
Using Right Hand Rule the above data is obtained
X is the MOMENT ARM for the Moment about the x-axis
Y is the MOMENT ARM for the Moment about the y-axis
Freq is the FORCE
To get Mx, Enter: [SHIFT] [ 1 ] [ 3 ] [ = ]
Output: X = 956 lb-ft = Mx
To Get My, Enter: [ SHIFT ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ = ]
Output: Y = -804 lb-ft = My
Then Mo = 286yi 286xj = 956i 804j
y = 3.343, x = 2.881
APPLICATIONS
BC
BA
Applied Loads
Cos30
- cos60
X - Component
Sin30
Sin60
200
Y-Component
Enter: [ = ]
Output: X = BC = 100lb
AND
Y = BA = 173.205lb
TRUSS ANALYSIS
PROBLEM:
Determine the forces in all
members of the Crane Truss
shown. Using Method of Joints.
TRUSS ANALYSIS
Solution:
For Triangle ABC:
AC = 13.077 ft. [ SOLVED BY COSINE LAW]
By Sine Law :
= 23.4120
= 36.5860
For Triangle CBD
= tan-1 12/6 = 63.4350
While, = 180 ( ++ ) = 56.5670
TRUSS ANALYSIS
@ Joint A
Solution:
Enter: [ MODE ] [ 5 ] [ 1 ]
Let AC = X and AB = Y , where = 23.4120
Input:
Applied Loads
a
-cos23.412
-1
XComponent
Sin23.412
5200
Y-Component
Enter: [ = ]
Output:
AC = 13,087.55 lb (Tension)
AB = - 12,010.16 lb (Compression)
TRUSS ANALYSIS
@ Joint B
Solution:
Enter: [ MODE ] [ 5 ] [ 1 ]
Let BC = X and BD = Y
Input:
Applied Loads
a
-cos60
-cos30
12,010.16
X - Component
Sin60
-sin30
Y-Component
Enter: [ = ]
Output:
BC = - 6005.08 lb (Compression)
BD = - 10,401.104lb (Compression)
TRUSS ANALYSIS
@ Joint C
Solution:
Enter: [ MODE ] [ 5 ] [ 1 ]
Let CE = X and CD = Y , where = 23.4120 ,
= 36.5860 , = 63.4350 & = 56.5670
Input:
a
-1
0
b
-cos56.567
-sin56.567
c
[-13,087.55cos23.412 + 6,005.08cos59.998]
[13,087.55sin23.412 - 6,005.08sin59.998]
Enter: [ = ]
Output:
CE = 9007.19 lb (Tension)
CD = 0.285 lb (Tension)
BEAMS
Solution:
Enter: [ MODE ] [ 5 ] [ 1 ]
EQN- 2 UNKNOWNS
Let Ra = X and Rb = Y
Input:
a
397.5
Ma or Mb = 0
132.5
Fy = 0
Enter: [ = ]
Output: X = Ra = 49.6875kN
Y = Rb = 82.8125kN
Find the magnitude of the reaction in the
simply supported beam as shown in the
figure.
CABLES
Past CE Board
For the cable shown, determine
the angle 1 & 2 and the
forces in each segment and the
length of the cable
CABLES
@ Joint C
Solution:
Enter: [ MODE ] [ 2 ]
Complex Mode
CD = 2023 lb
180 - 2 = 160.92
2 = 19.080
CABLES
@ Joint D
Solution:
Enter: [ MODE ] [ 2 ]
Complex Mode
Thus,
AD = 2961.19 lb
180 1 = 130.214
1 = 49.80
CABLES
Solution
To get the length of the cable:
AREA
Freq
30
60 X 200
AREA 1
60 + 250/2
250 X 40
AREA 2
Enter: [AC]
Display: Ans
Edit Data
Enter: [ SHIFT ] [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
Y MINUS A
AREA
Freq
30 A
30
60 X 200
AREA 1
60 + 250/2 - A
60 + 250/2
250 X 40
AREA 2
FRICTION
A 200lb block is in contact with a
plane inclined at 300 with the
horizontal. A force P parallel to and
acting up the plane is applied to the
body. If the coefficient of static
friction is 0.2.
a. Find the value of P to just cause
the motion to impend up the
plane
b. Find the value of P to just
prevent the motion down the
plane.
FRICTION
A. Solution:
Enter: [ MODE ] [ 5 ] [ 1 ] EQN MODE 2 UNKNOWNS
Input:
P
Applied
Load
-0.2
200sin30
X-component
200cos30
Y-component
Enter: [ = ]
Output:
P = X = 134.64 Newtons
N = Y = 173.2 Newtons
FRICTION
A. Solution:
Enter: [ MODE ] [ 5 ] [ 1 ] EQN MODE 2 UNKNOWNS
Input:
P
Applied
Load
0.2
200sin30
X-component
200cos30
Y-component
Enter: [ = ]
Output:
P = X = 65.35 Newtons
N = Y = 173.2 Newtons