Equilibrium, Fluid Dynamics

Notes:

A cold water enters my house from 1.5 m below the ground. Heading to bed late at night, I turn
on the tap in the upstairs bathroom located about 6 m above the ground. Its the only water
source in use at the time. Having (quite handily) borrowed a pair of flow meters from Warren, I
measure the flow velocity in the ground pipe to be 1.4 m/s while the velocity in the second story
pipe is 4.5 m/s. Which one of the following statements about this situation is false?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The pipe diameter upstairs is smaller than that in the ground

The water pressure upstairs is greater than that in the ground
Along the sections of pipe carrying the flow, the mass flow rate is constant
The gravitational potential energy of the water upstairs is greater than that in the ground
The density of water is the same upstairs as in the ground

A small circular hole of radius r is cut in the side of a large water tank, at the depth of L below
the water level in the tank. The top of the tank is open to the air. What is the volume of water
discharged per second?
2

1 /2

A.

r (2 gL)

B.

4 r 2 (2 gL)1 /2

C.

r 2( gL)1/ 2

D.

r 2(2 gL)1 /2

E.

r 2( 2 g/ L)1/ 2

A large tin drum, open at the top, is filled with olive oil to a height of 1.6m. A small hole is
punched at a height 0.4m below the oils surface, and a stream flows out of the hole horizontally.
From the moment the hole is punched, how much time elapses before the oil hits the ground
from the base of the container?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

0.12s
0.49s
1.4s
2.7s
4.8s

A car runs into a fire hydrant and breaks off the shut off valve so that water spurts up vertically
into the air. If the velocity of the water coming out of the broken hydrant is initially 10 m/s
(vertically upwards) and the area of the circular opening of the fire hydrant is A, at what height h
above the ground will the area of the spray of water be 2A?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

3.8 m
5.8 m
7.2 m
10 m
2.6 m

Two liquids that do not mix are in an open-ended U-shaped tube, as shown. The liquids densities
are related by A=2.6 B. The height of the column of fluid B is 5.4 cm. What is the vertical
distance, d (in cm) between the tops of the two fluids?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

2.6 cm
3.0 cm
2.0 cm
4.1 cm
3.3 cm

A tank of water with a total depth H=12 has a small hole in it at a depth h=2m below the surface
of the water. At what distance x from the tank will the jet of water hit the ground?
A. 7.3 m
B. 12.9 m
C. 15.6 m
D. 10.5 m
E. 8.9 m

A shower head has 20 circular openings, each with radius 1.0 mm. The shower head is
connected to a pipe with a radius of 0.80 cm. If the speed of water in the pipe is 3.0 m/s, what is
its speed as it exits the shower-head openings?
A.
B.
C.
D.

10.2 m/s
11.0 m/s
8.5 m/s
9.6 m/s
E. 12.1 m/s