Question 1

An engineer is testing two new procedures for predicting the error in touch sensitive device that
is used on multi-touch smartphones. Data for nine touch sensitive steps samples in the form of
the ratio of residuals are plotted to observe the error accumulation in each touch. Two new
procedures were used to test these touch sensitive steps namely Method 1 and Method 2. The
data are randomised and tabulated in Table Q3.
Table Q3: Touch Sensitive Methods for Smartphones
Touch sample

Method 1

Method 2

T1

1.186

1.061

T2

1.151

0.992

T3

1.322

1.063

T4

1.399

1.062

T5

1.200

1.065

T6

1.402

1.178

T7

1.365

1.037

T8

1.537

1.086

T9

1.559

1.052

a. With the appropriate significant level and statistical analysis distinguish any
evidence to support the claim that there is a difference in mean performance and
its probability between the two Methods with the appropriate analysis.
b. Say that the engineer will choose Method 2 if the sensitivity of Method 1 is
exceeding 2.1 of Method 2, predict the sensitivity range difference between both
method to help the engineer to make decisions.

Question 2
Two machines in Table Q4 are used for computerized machining iPhone 6 aluminium chassis.
The machining processes can be assumed to be normal, with standard deviation of 1 = 0.015
and 2 = 0.018. The quality engineering department suspects that both machines to complete
the process at the different net time. An experiment is performed by taking a daily batch of
random sample from the output of each machine.

Analyse your hypothesis using 95% acceptance level, appropriate statistical analysis and
confidence interval to prove that both machines complete at the different time.

Table Q4: iPhone 6 uni-body machines

Machines 1
16.03
16.01
16.04
15.96
16.05
15.98
16.05
16.02
16.02
15.99

Machines 2
16.02
16.03
15.97
16.04
15.96
16.02
16.01
16.01
15.99
16.00

Question 3
A power plant engineer is interested in the effect of thermal insulation of four different materials
types in a lab scale boiler. She is interested to see which will be suitable for a small but upscale
generator. 95% of acceptance level is used and the experiment is completely randomised and
conducted. The following insulation data are obtained in Table Q4-1.
Table Q4-1

Type

Insulation (Km2/W)

Price in
RM/square
feet

Mineral Wool

50

143

141

150

146

Fiberglass

64

152

149

137

143

Cellulose

45

134

136

132

127

Polyurethane

37

129

127

132

129

a. Is there a difference in insulation due to the types given in Table Q4-1?

b. Estimate the overall mean and the treatment effects and produce a confidence
interval for the second highest treatment for this experiment.
c. Provide a technical approach comment for the comparison of the materials to be
used as insulation for the boiler based on the obtained answer.

Question 4
An engineer is investigating the effect of the type of glass and the newly developed type of
backlighting diode on the brightness of the new iPhone 6s. She has selected three types of the
LEDs and two types of glasses fixture to be used in this new product. The response variable is
the brightness level of the screens (unit in nits).

The data are randomised and shown in Table Q5-1. Table Q5-2 is the factorial design table from
Minitab Software for the above experiment. Figure Q5-3 (a), (b), (c) and (d) are the Residuals
vs. Predicted plots, Normal Plots of Residuals, Residuals vs. Glass Type plots and Residuals
vs. LED for the experiment respectively.

Using significant level of 0.05, assess the Design Expert output, the Model Adequacy plots with
the appropriate practical comment on this newly developed iPhone 6s screens.

Table Q5-1: The Backlighting Diodes and Glass Fixture for the brightness test of iPhone 6s
A: Backlighting Diode Type
B: Glass Fixtures
1

1
280
290
285

2
300
310
295

3
290
285
290

230
235
240

260
240
235

220
225
230

The question requires to assess the information given.

Fa= 8.84
Fb = 273.79 <Fb is the main factor
Fab = 1.26, there is chance for interaction since it is more than 1.

Table Q5-2: Design Expert Output for the Brightness Test

1) State hypothesis

2) Find
factor
Solutions from Montgomery, D. C. (2001) Design and Analysis
ofmain
Experiments,
Wiley, NY

The residual plot of residuals versus phosphor content indicates a

not serious enough to be of concern, however.

(a)

(b) Normal plot of residuals

Residuals vs. Predicted

15

2 outliers
Agrees to the table and earlier graph (b)

2.5

90

Norm al % probability

Res iduals

99
95

Since we assume theres an error, we see 8.75

from graph

Constant

3) Find interaction (important or not <1)

4) Comment on graph, residual dF=12
12-Model dF(5) = 7 error
very
slightassumption
inequality(b)plot,
of variance.
It is> 2 or 3 outliars
5) Normal
H1 accepted
6) Compare (b) and (a).
7) Locate the errors, for (c) diverge trend, (d) constant and 2 or 3 errors.
8) Since error is glass, because does not match 2 or 3 outliar. Main error.
9)
See this graph first. Outliars = 3

-3.75

80
70

Q1. Taguchi
Q2. Calibration
Q3. Anova
Q4. Anova
Q5. Comment
Q6. Comment

50
30
20
10
5
1

More
-10
225.00

Diminished

244.17

263.33

282.50

-10

301.67

-3.75

(c) Residual vs Glass Fixtures

15

(d) Residual vs Backlighting Diodes

Residuals vs. Phosphor Type
Type

Residuals vs. Glass Type

(c)

15

15

8.75

8.75

2
2

-3.75

Res iduals

Res iduals

8.75

Res idual

Predicted

2.5

2.5

2.5

2
2

-3.75

-10

-10

Glas s Type

Phos phor Type

Figure Q5-3: The Residuals vs. Predicted plots, Normal Plots of Residuals, Residuals vs.
5-5 Johnson and Leone (Statistics and Experimental Design in Engineering and the Physical Sciences,
Wiley 1977) describe
experiment
to investigate
the warping
copper plates. Diodes
The two factors studies
Glass an
Fixtures
plots
and Residuals
vs.ofBacklighting
were the temperature and the copper content of the plates. The response variable was a measure of the
amount of warping. The data were as follows:

Temperature (C)
50
75

40
17,20
12,9

Copper
60
16,21
18,13

Content (%)
80
24,22
17,12

100
28,27
27,31

Question 5
Susan Sound predicts that students will learn most effectively in a quiet room like the library.
However some of her colleagues disapprove and claim that students will do better in a constant
sound room like music playing in the background. Therefore they set off to do an analysis of
randomly divided twenty-four students into three groups of eight. All students study a passage
of text for 30 minutes. After studying, all students take a 10 points multiple choice test over the
material.

1. Those in group 1 study with background sound at a constant volume in the

background.
2. Those in group 2 study with noise that changes volume periodically.
3. Those in group 3 study with no sound at all.
Their scores follow:

Find out at 5th percentile of significance level, which group studies better in this case study